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Weber argued that the specific cultural values of this religious group led them to 
act in a very particular way that made sense to them: to work hard, and rather 
than spend their financial rewards, to plough them back into their businesses- 
back into their “calling”. This meaningful set of motivations, this “Protestant 
ethic”, was responsible for the creation of what Weber termed “the spirit of 
capitalism”. Not actually capitalist society as such, but the necessary cultural 
ideas needed for others to come along and use them as the basis of meaningful 
interaction. In this way the values of a small group- the Calvinists- accidentally 
led to the establishment of a whole society based on the pursuit of profit 
through reinvestment. Later the capitalist economic idea spread across the 
globe- from simple yet highly meaningful cultural values. Weber used this 
historical example to illustrate, in contradiction to Marx, that history cannot be 
predicted, and that culture us created and given meaning by those involved in its 
production.

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