LIAM 03

Esta é uma pré-visualização de arquivo. Entre para ver o arquivo original

LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS MORFOSSINTÁTICOS
AULA 3 - TIPOS DE VERBOS: LEXICAL E AUXILIAR. DIFERENÇA ENTRE MODO E ASPECTO.
Aula 3- Tipos de Verbo: Lexical e Auxiliar. Diferença ente Modo e Aspecto. 
LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS MORFOSSINTÁTICOS
Conteúdo Programático desta aula
Recognize the differences between “lexical” and “auxiliary” verbs.
Learn the differences between “mood”, ‘tense” and “aspect”.
Aula 3- Tipos de Verbo: Lexical e Auxiliar. Diferença ente Modo e Aspecto. 
LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS MORFOSSINTÁTICOS
 
TENSE – ASPECT - MOOD
Tense–aspect–mood, commonly abbreviated TAM and also called tense–modality–aspect or TMA, is the grammatical system in a language that covers the expression of tense (location in time), aspect (fabric of time – a single block of time, continuous flow of time, or repetitive occurrence), and mood or modality (degree of necessity, obligation, probability, ability).
English has:
Two tenses: present and past
Four aspects: simple, progressive, perfect, perfect-progressive
Four moods: indicative, subjunctive, conditional and imperative
Despite popular belief, English DOES NOT have a future tense (for didactic purpose we are going to study it is a tense). Futurity is, instead, expressed through modal verbs, specifically will and shall. 
Aula 3- Tipos de Verbo: Lexical e Auxiliar. Diferença ente Modo e Aspecto. 
LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS MORFOSSINTÁTICOS
PRESENT TENSES
Aula 3- Tipos de Verbo: Lexical e Auxiliar. Diferença ente Modo e Aspecto. 
LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS MORFOSSINTÁTICOS
PAST TENSES
Aula 3- Tipos de Verbo: Lexical e Auxiliar. Diferença ente Modo e Aspecto. 
LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS MORFOSSINTÁTICOS
FUTURE TENSES
Aula 3- Tipos de Verbo: Lexical e Auxiliar. Diferença ente Modo e Aspecto. 
LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS MORFOSSINTÁTICOS
THE SIMPLE FUTURE
Aula 3- Tipos de Verbo: Lexical e Auxiliar. Diferença ente Modo e Aspecto. 
LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS MORFOSSINTÁTICOS
ASPECT
Aula 3- Tipos de Verbo: Lexical e Auxiliar. Diferença ente Modo e Aspecto. 
LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS MORFOSSINTÁTICOS
MOOD
Aula 3- Tipos de Verbo: Lexical e Auxiliar. Diferença ente Modo e Aspecto. 
LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS MORFOSSINTÁTICOS
LEXICAL VERBS AND AUXILIARY VERBS
Aula 3- Tipos de Verbo: Lexical e Auxiliar. Diferença ente Modo e Aspecto. 
LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS MORFOSSINTÁTICOS
PRIMARY HELPING VERBS
Aula 3- Tipos de Verbo: Lexical e Auxiliar. Diferença ente Modo e Aspecto. 
LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS MORFOSSINTÁTICOS
MODAL VERBS
WOULD
MUST
SHOULD
WILL
NEED
CAN
MIGHT
MAY
HAD BETTER
SHALL
DARE
Aula 3- Tipos de Verbo: Lexical e Auxiliar. Diferença ente Modo e Aspecto. 
LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS MORFOSSINTÁTICOS
MODAL VERBS
Aula 3- Tipos de Verbo: Lexical e Auxiliar. Diferença ente Modo e Aspecto. 
LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS MORFOSSINTÁTICOS
MODAL VERBS
Aula 3- Tipos de Verbo: Lexical e Auxiliar. Diferença ente Modo e Aspecto. 
LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS MORFOSSINTÁTICOS
MODAL VERBS
Aula 3- Tipos de Verbo: Lexical e Auxiliar. Diferença ente Modo e Aspecto. 
LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS MORFOSSINTÁTICOS
MODAL VERBS
Aula 3- Tipos de Verbo: Lexical e Auxiliar. Diferença ente Modo e Aspecto. 
LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS MORFOSSINTÁTICOS
Aula 3- Tipos de Verbo: Lexical e Auxiliar. Diferença ente Modo e Aspecto. 
LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS MORFOSSINTÁTICOS
MODAL VERBS
The English verbs DARE and NEED have both a modal use (he dare not do it), and a non-modal use (he doesn't dare to do it).
 
'MUST' and 'HAVE TO' in the positive or question form are used to speak about responsibilities and obligations. Sometimes, 'must' and 'have to' can be exchanged, but the general rule is:
Must is used for strong personal obligations (I must do this right now!). Something that you or a person feels is necessary.
Have to is used for responsibilities (I have to file reports every week.) 
 
Let’s see:
I have to go – (perhaps you have to catch the bus – external cause)
I must go – (personal obligation – internal cause)
 
Aula 3- Tipos de Verbo: Lexical e Auxiliar. Diferença ente Modo e Aspecto. 
LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS MORFOSSINTÁTICOS
MODAL VERBS – MUST AND HAVE TO
British: We use can to indicate capability or possibility, e.g. "I don't know if I can lift this piano by myself." The implication here is on whether you have the physical capacity or mental acuity to get the piano lifted. May is used when you are asking permission. "May I lift your piano for a little exercise?" Here you wish the permission of someone to carry out an action.
American: We use can to indicate capability, possibility or permission. May is used when you are asking permission.
 
About this, there is a funny story:
Once Bernard Shaw, the famous Irish play writer received a note from an American director, who wanted to play Pygmalion at a theater in New York.
He wrote: Dear sir, can I play Pygmalion here in New York?
Shaw’s answer: I don’t know if you can, but you may. 
Aula 3- Tipos de Verbo: Lexical e Auxiliar. Diferença ente Modo e Aspecto. 
LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS MORFOSSINTÁTICOS
QUASI-MODAL VERBS
While full modals are single words, quasi-modals consist of either a verb plus a preposition functioning as a particle or a verb plus an adverb. 
ought to, used to = verb + preposition [particle]
would rather, had better = verb + adverb
OUGHT TO– should, duty, obligation, advisability, desirability, likelihood, probability 
You ought to stain your fence this year. (advisability)
USED TO– formerly, once but no longer, previously habitually 
My sister used to read a book a night. (previously habitually)
WOULD RATHER – preference, prefer to 
I would rather eat a bug than study math. (preference)
HAD BETTER/BEST– should, duty, obligation, advisability
She had better teach her children some manners. (duty)
Aula 3- Tipos de Verbo: Lexical e Auxiliar. Diferença ente Modo e Aspecto. 
LÍNGUA INGLESA ASPECTOS MORFOSSINTÁTICOS
Conteúdo Programático desta aula
Recognize the differences between “lexical” and “auxiliary” verbs.
Learn the differences between “mood”, ‘tense” and “aspect”.