LÍNGUA INGLESA RELAÇÕES DISCURSIVAS

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1.
		Which of the following conjunctions is used to join clauses in a cause and effect relationship, and is similar in meaning to the subordinating conjunction "hence"?
	
	
	
	NOR
	
	
	BUT
	
	
	SO
	
	
	OR
	
	
	AND
	
Explicação:
All which needs to be taken into account is the fact that 'so' may be used in the place of 'hence'.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		2.
		Conjunctions are an integral part of the English language. If used properly, they can improve almost any type of writing.
Which of the following presents an inadequate view about them?
	
	
	
	The most common coordinating conjunctions are and, or, but.
	
	
	Subordinating conjunctions join independent and dependent clauses.
	
	
	Without conjunctions, you¿d be forced to express every complex idea in a series of short, simplistic sentences.
	
	
	A conjunction is a part of speech that functions as a connector between two sentences, clauses, phrases, paragraphs or words.
	
	
	The proper use of conjunctions allows for more natural flow and rhythm in your writing.
	
Explicação:
In : A conjunction is a part of speech that functions as a connector between two sentences, clauses, phrases, paragraphs or words, the word paragraphs should not have been included .
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		3.
		Which of the following sentences IS NOT joined by a subordinate conjunction?
	
	
	
	Because it was such a warm day, Lizzie decided to go for a swim.
	
	
	I enjoy watching Castle´s re-runs on TV, but I don't have much free time to do that.
	
	
	Sophie begins to sneeze violently whenever she needs to sweep the floor.
	
	
	Jeniffer will help her younger sister with the homework once she washes the dishes for her.
	
	
	We looked inside the cupboard, where Jonathan usually hides a bag of  cookies.
	
Explicação:
A CONJUNCTION is a word that connects or joins together words, phrases, clauses, or sentences. There are two kinds of conjunctions, a primary class of COORDINATING conjunctions and a secondary class called SUBORDINATE conjunctions.
In : I enjoy watching Castle´s re-runs on TV, but I don't have much free time to do that.,
the conjunction BUT is a coordinate conjunction.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		4.
		Conjunctions are like hinges. They connect words, phrases, and clauses.
Read the following comments about them and choose the one which is inadequate.
	
	
	
	So is used to join clauses in a cause and effect relationship, and is similar in meaning to the coordinating conjunction "hence." Both words indicate an effect or result of something.
	
	
	Or joins two alternative ideas together, while Nor joins two negative alternatives together.
	
	
	And (the most common coordinating conjunction), is used to combine two similar ideas together.
	
	
	A conjunction is a joiner, a word that conjoins parts of a sentence.
	
	
	But is used to join two contrasting ideas together, while Yet is similar to "but," in that it is used to join two contrasting ideas; however, "yet" is used instead of "but" to really emphasize a contrast.
	
Explicação:
In : So is used to join clauses in a cause and effect relationship, and is similar in meaning to the coordinating conjunction "hence." Both words indicate an effect or result of something, HENCE is a subordinate conjunction.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		5.
		Conjunctions are the 'joining words' of a language. A sentence is broken up into parts and joined together as a whole by using these connecting words of the English language..
Which of the following comments IS NOT  appropriate as far as conjunctions are concerned?  
	
	
	
	Because can be used as a conjunction as it is portrayed in: The game was cancelled because of the heavy rain.
	
	
	"As" and "since" are usually used to show that the reason why something happened is not as important as the main clause, or that the reason is well-known already.
	
	
	For is also used to join clauses in a cause and effect relationship and indicates a reason why something happens.
	
	
	"For" is usually used to indicate that the reason is an afterthought, an idea that emerges once the first idea is stated.
	
	
	"For" is similar in meaning to "because," "as," or "since." However, "because" usually suggests that the reason is the most important part of the idea.
	
Explicação:
Because can be either used as a conjunction or in a prepositional phrase.
As a conjunction (connecting two clauses): We go to work bu bus because it is cheaper.
In the prepositinal phrase because of : The game was cancelled because of the heavy rain.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		6.
		Read the text below:
"That the telling of tales is a constant activity everywhere seems clear enough, yet this activity is by no means uniform in the various parts of the world, and as one moves over the continents, he finds extraordinary variability within the uniformity of the general practice. At first view this variety may seem merely kaleidoscopic and lawless. However, only a little careful study is needed to show that, like other elements of human culture, folktales are not mere creatures of chance. They exist in time and space. They are also affected by the nature of the land where they are current, by the linguistic and social contacts of its people, and by the lapse of the years and their accompanying historic changes. An approach to the understanding of the folktales of the world demands, therefore, that use be made of all possible resources furnished by the labors of historians, geographers, ethnographers, and psychologists, whose theories can be used to back up future discoveries."
(THOMPSON, Stith. The Folktale. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1977, P.13)
► Which of the items in bold exemplifies a coordinating conjunction indicating contrast?
	
	
	
	like
	
	
	whose
	
	
	therefore
	
	
	and
	
	
	yet
	
Explicação:
The coordinating conjunction YET is used to indicate contrast.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		7.
		► Which of the sentences below contains a subordinating conjunction?
	
	
	
	They seldom win, yet they keep on trying.
	
	
	You can study the lessons in advance or you can read all texts in the last minute.
	
	
	He arrived on time for class, but he forgot all his materials.
	
	
	When she got home, she found a present on the table.
	
	
	Paul didn´t read the texts for the test, nor did he attend most of the classes.
	
Explicação:
Nor, but, or, yet are coordinating conjunctions.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		8.
		Which of the following conjunctions is similar to "but," in that it is used to join two contrasting ideas and really emphasizes a contrast?
	
	
	
	Yet
	
	
	So
	
	
	Nor
	
	
	Or
	
	
	For
	
Explicação:
To show the contrast between two ideas we can use the following sentence connectors.
But, although, despite the fact that, however, nevertheless, despite, in spite of, yet.