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Questão
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	
	Pensando sobre o desenvolvimento cultural de diferentes grupamentos humanos ao redor do planeta, é correto afirmar que:
		
	 
	Embora o desenvolvimento social e cultural humano tenha pontos em comum, cada sociedade se desenvolve em ritmos e caminhos diferentes sem que isso signifique que uma é mais avançada do que outra.
	
	As sociedades humanas localizadas em regiões mais frias do planeta se desenvolvem de forma mais acelerada no sentido tecnológico, mas só alcançaram desenvolvimento na cultura erudita, e não na cultura popular.
 
	
	A sociedades humanas localizadas em regiões tropicais do planeta abriram mão do desenvolvimento tecnológico e, por consequência, não puderam desenvolver sua cultura erudita. A baixa cultura foi o que permaneceu.
 
	
	Todos as sociedades humanas possuem um padrão de desenvolvimento e podemos atestar isso através da história registrada em livros por culturas milenares.
	
	Não existem pontos de contato entre o desenvolvimento cultural e social dos diversos grupamentos humanos. Cada sociedade se desenvolve de forma completamente diferente.
	Respondido em 23/05/2022 14:33:07
	
	Explicação:
A resposta correta é: Embora o desenvolvimento social e cultural humano tenha pontos em comum, cada sociedade se desenvolve em ritmos e caminhos diferentes sem que isso signifique que uma é mais avançada do que outra.
	
		2a
          Questão
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	
	"No fundo do mato-virgem nasceu Macunaíma, herói de nossa gente. Era preto retinto e filho do medo da noite. Houve um momento em que o silêncio foi tão grande escutando o murmurejo do Uraricoera, que a índia, tapanhumas pariu uma criança feia. Essa criança é que chamaram de Macunaíma." (Mário de Andrade. Macunaíma. Rio de Janeiro, Livros Técnicos e Científicos; São Paulo, Secretaria da Cultura, Ciência e Tecnologia, 1978, p.7.)
Macunaíma é um dos mais emblemáticos romances da primeira fase do modernismo no Brasil. Escrito por Mario de Andrade e publicado em 1928, essa obra é considerada uma rapsódia, pois:
 
		
	
	Trata-se de um conjunto de poemas clássicos baseados em temas da mitologia grega.
	
	Trata-se de uma obra literária que reúne as tradições dos colonizadores portugueses.
	 
	Trata-se de uma obra literária que absorve todas as tradições orais e folclóricas de um povo.
	
	Trata-se de um conjunto de poemas selecionados do escritor modernista Mario de Andrade.
	
	Trata-se de um poema épico cantado baseado na obra de Homero, poeta grego da antiguidade.
	Respondido em 23/05/2022 14:35:31
	
	Explicação:
A resposta correta é: Trata-se de uma obra literária que absorve todas as tradições orais e folclóricas de um povo.
	
		3a
          Questão
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	
	READ THE TEXT BELOW:
It is known that the message was Christianity was successfully and ingeniously spread in Ireland by a slaved named Patrick, who would later become Saint Patrick.
One of the symbols which refer to Saint Patrick's methodology to explain and illustrate Christian dogmas has to do with the Shamrock. What does it represent?
		
	
	The Holy Bonfire
	
	The Holy Cross
	
	The Holy Bible
	
	The Holy Land
	 
	The Holy Trinity
	Respondido em 23/05/2022 14:36:39
	
	Explicação:
A resposta certa é: The Holy Trinity
	
		4a
          Questão
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	
	READ THE TEXT BELOW:
The Indo-European languages are a family of related languages that today are widely spoken in the Americas, Europe, and also Western and Southern Asia. Just as languages such as Spanish, French, Portuguese and Italian are all descended from Latin, Indo-European languages are believed to derive from a hypothetical language known as Proto-Indo-European, which is no longer spoken. (Source: https://www.worldhistory.org/Indo-European_Languages/)
Which branch does the English language derive from?
		
	
	Celtic
	
	Anatolian
	
	Italic
	
	Hellenic
	 
	Germanic
	Respondido em 23/05/2022 14:37:25
	
	Explicação:
A resposta certa é: Germanic
	
		5a
          Questão
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	
	Even though Beowulf is a heroic poem, Tolkien suggests that it should be read as an elegy instead. Choose the alternative that best describes the reason why:
		
	
	The poem recounts Britain¿s heroic past.
	
	The poem traces Britain¿s ancestry to its Germanic roots.
	
	Beowulf¿s ethos and culture are associated with the age of pre-Christian tribes.
	
	In the poem, pagan beliefs are demonized.
	 
	The poem ends with Beowulf¿s death and a lament.
	Respondido em 23/05/2022 21:43:45
	
	Explicação:
A resposta correta é: The poem ends with Beowulf¿s death and a lament.
	
		6a
          Questão
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	
	Robin Hood and the Monk, even if not being the most influential text, it presents recurring themes of the outlaw myth.  Choose the alternative that contains some of these myths:
		
	 
	Robin's devotion to Our Lady, the hostility between outlaws and the church, and the dangers of the town.
	
	Robin's devotion to his lady, the hostility between the band and Robin, and the dangers of isolation.
	
	Robin's devotion to his lady, the hostility between outlaws and the sheriff, and the dangers of isolation.
 
	
	Robin's devotion to his lady, the hostility between outlaws and the church, and the dangers of the town.
	
	Robin's devotion to Our Lady, the hostility between outlaws and the church, and the dangers of the woods.
	Respondido em 23/05/2022 14:46:31
	
	Explicação:
 A resposta correta é: Robin's devotion to Our Lady, the hostility between outlaws and the church, and the dangers of the town.
	
		7a
          Questão
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	
	Kennings were literary devices commonly used in Anglo Saxon poetry, and consisted in
		
	
	A continuation of a sentence or clause in poetry, across a line break.
	
	a repetition of similar sounds in the final stressed syllables in a verse.
	
	a metrical pause in a verse, when one phrase ends and another begins.
	
	a repetition of initial consonants of some or all words in a verse.
	 
	two or more words that work as a metaphor for another word.
	Respondido em 23/05/2022 14:42:49
	
	Explicação:
A resposta certa é: two or more words that work as a metaphor for another word.
	
		8a
          Questão
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	
	The traditional ballad stanza has four verses (quatrain) that rhyme
		
	 
	abcb or abab
	
	abcc  or abac
	
	aabb or abbb
	
	abca or aabc
	
	aaaa or abba
	Respondido em 23/05/2022 14:44:41
	
	Explicação:
A resposta certa é: abcb or abab
	
		9a
          Questão
	Acerto: 1,0  / 1,0
	
	Match the following descriptions with their corresponding parts from Macbeth.
(1) Thirsty for power, this character spares no effort to achieve her plan.
(2) Responsible for rather riddling prophecies towards other character¿s destinies.
(3) Betrayed by Macbeth, this character ends up being murdered.
		
	
	(1) King Duncan/ (2) The Witches/ (3) Lady Macbeth
	
	(1) Lady Macbeth/ (2) The Witches/ (3) Malcolm
	 
	(1) Lady Macbeth/ (2) The Witches/ (3) King Duncan
	
	(1) Macbeth/ (2) The Witches/ (3) Lady Macbeth
	
	(1) Macbeth/ (2) The Witches/ (3) Banquo
	Respondido em 23/05/2022 14:49:12
	
	Explicação:
A resposta correta é: (1) Lady Macbeth/ (2) The Witches/ (3) King Duncan
	
		10a
          Questão
	Acerto: 0,0  / 1,0
	
	Reread the following lines from The Tempest, uttered from Caliban to Miranda. Then, choose the alternative that better describes it. "you taught me language, and my profit on't Is, I know how to curse" (1.2.363-4).
		
	
	The structure of such line highlights Caliban's difficulties to construct sentences in English.
	
	Such passage underscores Caliban¿s eternal gratitude for Miranda, who taught him to speak English.
	 
	This line evokes Caliban's defiant posture towards Miranda¿s pretension.
	 
	Once again, the plot evokes Caliban's monstrosity, insofar as he was capable of cursing a damsel and forgetting hisfirst language.
	
	This excerpt is truly innovative for the time, insofar as they underscore Shakespeare¿s decolonial statement.
	Respondido em 23/05/2022 14:49:54
	
	Explicação:
A resposta correta é: This line evokes Caliban's defiant posture towards Miranda¿s pretension.
	O pensamento modernista ligado às ideias de antropofagia, apropriação e mestiçagem, construíram um mito de um Brasil misturado por índios, negros e europeus. Criou a ideia de que um povo misturado é mais potente do que separado. Assinale a alternativa que contém um dos grandes mentores desse movimento, e sua obra, um poema que une o Brasil de ponta à ponta.
		
	 
	Mario de Andrade - Descobrimento.
	
	Gonçalves Dias - Canção de Exílio.
	
	Guimarães Rosa - Grande Sertão: veredas.
	
	Antonio Carlos de Brito - Cacaso.
	
	Oswaldo de Andrade - Canto de regresso à pátria.
	
	
	 2.
	Ref.: 5424446
	Pontos: 1,00  / 1,00
	
	Sobre a literatura regional e universal - campo e cidade, avalie as asserções a seguir e a relação proposta entre elas.
 
I - Na literatura brasileira, a cisão entre campo e cidade se instalou a partir de uma interpretação cultural que tornava a cidade o centro, e como espaço do homem universal, e o campo a periferia.
 
PORQUE
 
II - No sentido econômico, era na cidade que circulava o dinheiro, e, no campo, as tradições e culturas, e, dessa forma, a literatura deveria se pautar nas produções que aconteciam nos grandes centros urbanos.
		
	
	A asserção I é uma proposição falsa, e a II é uma proposição verdadeira.
	
	As asserções I e II são proposições falsas.
	 
	A asserção I é uma proposição verdadeira, e a II é uma proposição falsa.
	
	As asserções I e II são proposições verdadeiras, e a II é uma justificativa correta da I.
	
	As asserções I e II são proposições verdadeiras, mas a II não é uma justificativa correta da I.
	
	
	 
		
	EM2120258 - MIDDLE ENGLISH E GEOFFREY CHAUCER
	 
	 
	 3.
	Ref.: 5647945
	Pontos: 1,00  / 1,00
	
	The Black Death (1347-1351) caused a huge number of deaths in Europe. In England, for instance, half of the population died, victims of the plague. Despite the catastrophe, the peasants¿ lives improved after the plague ended. Why this is?
		
	
	The peasants used to be mistreated by their lords before the plague.
	 
	They could demand higher wages because of the shortage of workers.
	
	They revolted against the inequalities and had rights recognized. 
	
	The survivors could own lands and money left behind by those who died.
	
	The amount of taxes they had to pay decreased after the plague.
	
	
	 4.
	Ref.: 5499833
	Pontos: 0,00  / 1,00
	
	According to Kossic (1979) in relation to literary genres of the Alliterative Revival in the fourteenth century,
broadly speaking, fourteenth-century alliterative verse can be divided into two types: the epic and the romance, or ''chronicles in the epic manner'' and romance proper. The distinctions between these two strands of development lie in part in the treatment of actuality. Superficially the alliterative epic and romance are alike, since both reflect the aristocratic life of the times and present chivalric action. Even when the subject matter is that, say, of Troy, the setting is medievalized and the story translated into contemporary terms. The romance, however, as distinct from the epic, idealizes reality and widens the boundaries of probability to the point where they disappear completely. Fairy castles and enchanted woods, fire-eating dragons and ladies in distress abound. (p.71)
What is the main difference between the literary genres epic and romance in the Alliterative Revival that took place in England in 14th century?
		
	 
	Romances present chivalric actions.
	 
	In romances, reality disappears.
	
	Both genres translate context into contemporary.
	
	Epics present examples of aristocratic life.
	
	Epics tend to idealize reality.
	
	
	 
		
	EM2120259 - MITOS E LENDAS LIGADOS AO POVO BRITÂNICO
	 
	 
	 5.
	Ref.: 5424536
	Pontos: 0,00  / 1,00
	
	What could explain Beowulf¿s elegiac tone?
		
	 
	It may read as a Christian judgment on a past mode of existence.
	 
	The poem is a celebration of Britain¿s ancestry.
	
	Germanic tribes were influenced by their harsh environment.
	
	It is the first epic poem in Middle English.
	
	Its language was just too crude and unsophisticated.
	
	
	 6.
	Ref.: 5424481
	Pontos: 0,00  / 1,00
	
	Some History of Literature books does not present the production of Anglo-Saxon England as the beginnings of English Literature. Choose the alternative that contains the best explanation for this:
		
	 
	The language and themes are more Germanic than English.
	
	The production of that time is unintelligible for contemporary readers.
	
	It recounts a glorious past that never really existed.
	 
	The use of kennings makes the language sound too foreign and, this way, too unrecognizable.
	
	Much of the production of that time was lost due to its oral origins.
	
	
	 
		
	EM2120260 - RAÍZES CULTURAIS DA GRÃ- BRETANHA E DA LÍNGUA INGLESA
	 
	 
	 7.
	Ref.: 5499880
	Pontos: 0,00  / 1,00
	
	READ THE TEXT BELOW:
When this people settled on the Island, they called their inhabitants pretani. With the daily use of this word by soldiers, Pretani became Britanni. It is from this term - Britanni - that the name Britons was derived, being used until today to designate the natives or inhabitants of Brittany. The name of the island, in turn, comes from Britannia, a word that means ''island of the Britons''. Over time, the name became the current Britain.
Which people from the list below does the text refer to?
		
	
	The Celts
	
	The Saxons
	 
	The Anglos
	
	The Jutes
	 
	The Romans
	
	
	 8.
	Ref.: 5499882
	Pontos: 1,00  / 1,00
	
	READ THE TEXT BELOW:
Although the term Britannia was common during the Roman domination of the Island, it was only in the eighteenth century that the term Great Britain was coined to refer to three geographic areas.
Taking the text above into consideration, what are the three geographic areas comprising Great Britain?
		
	
	Scotland, Northern Ireland, and England
	
	Wales, Ireland, and Scotland
	 
	England, Wales, and Scotland
	
	Northern Ireland, Wales, and Scotland
	
	Ireland, England, and Scotland
	
	
	 
		
	EM2120261 - SOCIEDADE ELIZABETHANA E O TEATRO DE SHAKESPEARE
	 
	 
	 9.
	Ref.: 5424478
	Pontos: 0,00  / 1,00
	
	Reread these lines from King Lear and choose the correct alternative comparing them.
(1) Lear- "Nothing will come of nothing. Speak again." (1.1.88)
(2) Jester- "thou hast pared thy wit o¿both sides and left nothing i¿th¿middle" (1.4.147-8)
		
	 
	In the first line, Lear contends that once his daughter did not flatter him, she would be disowned. The second, in contrast, refers to The Fool¿s mockering of Cordelia.
	
	Both excerpts serve as a comic relief in the play.
	
	Line (1) evokes Lear sagacity towards his daughter lust for power, while line (2) marks the beginning of his downfall.
	
	Both lines evoke Lear¿s foolishness and arrogance. However, unlike the second, in line (1) Lear is finally able to foresee his own tragedy.
	 
	Both lines account for a core motif in the plot: the notion of nothing. In addition they could be described as a prelude of Lear¿s void of wisdom, which would lead to the obliteration of his power.
	
	
	 10.
	Ref.: 5424468
	Pontos: 1,00  / 1,00
	
	Reread part of a turning point moment in Macbeth: the porter¿s monologue, in act II, scene III. Then, choose the correct alternative regarding this passage. "Knock, knock! Who¿s there, in th' other devil's name? Faith, here¿s an equivocator that could swear in both the scales against either scale, who committed treason enough for God¿s sake, yet could not equivocate to heaven."
		
	 
	In this extract, the doorman establishes a parallel between his role and the one of a devil that looks after the gates of hell. In such a metaphor, he contendsthat a deceiving individual (as was Macbeth) may not be debunked on Earth, but goes against God¿s will in religion.
	
	This passage exemplifies the role of faith in Macbeth¿s foreseeable ascension to the throne.
	
	In this scene the doorman compares the gates of hell to the entrance of Macbeth's castle. Besides, he converses directly with the audience, questioning the spectators' sins.
	
	The contrast between evil and the religious image of God accounts for Macbeth¿s dual morality and is a reminder that the character could still save his soul.
	
	The image of an "equivocator" is a metaphor for the doorman's sinful soul, in contrast to Macbeth¿s virtue.