Constance Brown - The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals Phrases

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THE ILLUSTRATED GUIDE
TO TECHNICAL ANALYSIS
SIGNALS AND PHRASES
Andrey
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1036/0071454446
Other Titles by Constance Brown from McGraw-Hill
All About Technical Analysis
Technical Analysis for the Trading Professional
THE ILLUSTRATED GUIDE
TO TECHNICAL ANALYSIS
SIGNALS AND PHRASES
A Visual Dictionary of
the Most Useful Charts
in Technical Analysis
CONSTANCE BROWN
McGraw-Hill
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D E D I C A T I O N
When I was six, I was a horse.
Soon after life became complex and difficult.
In my sixth life, I became a Horse Whisperer.
Soon after life became less difficult, but I still made it too complex.
Then my friend and mentor Fouzi Al-Sabeeh, a People Whisperer,
taught me to simplify, and that helped put focus back on the most
important goals along life’s path. 
Soon after, everything in this Horse Whisperer’s life became less 
complex, and my spirit 
rediscovered 
the simple joy 
of running
with horses.
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C O N T E N T S
CHART INDEX IX
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS XVII
INTRODUCTION 1
TECHNICAL ANALYSIS CHARTS 8
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C H A R T I N D E X
Bearish Divergence between Momentum Indicators 8
Bearish Divergence Strong 9
Bearish Divergence Very Strong 10
Bearish Divergence Very Strong with Lower Volume Confirmation 11
Bearish Divergence Very Weak (Too Wide) 12
Bullish Divergence on Internal Momentum Support 13
Bullish Divergence Very Strong on Momentum Support 14
Bullish Divergence Very Strong with Volume Confirmation 15
Bullish Divergence Very Weak (Too Wide) 16
Bullish Divergence with Confirming Lower Volume 17
Bullish Divergence with V-Reversal Bottom 18
Bullish Divergence without Confirming Lower Volume 19
Chart Scales: Arithmetic and Semilogarithmic 20
Chart Styles: 3rd-Dimension Harmonic 21
Chart Styles: Bar Chart 22
Chart Styles: Candlestick Chart 23
Chart Styles: Gann Swing Chart 24
Chart Styles: Kagi Chart 25
Chart Styles: Line on Close Chart 26
Chart Styles: Percentage Swing Chart 27
Chart Styles: Point-and-Figure Chart 28
Chart Styles: Point Swing Chart 29
Currency Exchange Rate 30
Cycles: Fibonacci Time Intervals 31
Cycles: Fixed Period 32
Cycles: Gann Aspect Conjunction (0) 33
Cycles: Gann Aspect Opposition (180) 34
Cycles: Gann Aspect Sextile (60) 35
Cycles: Gann Aspect Square (90) 36
Cycles: Gann Aspect Trine (120) 37
Cycles: Gann Declination Overlay 38
Cycles: Gann Ingress Analysis 39
Cycles: Gann Planetary Degrees (Saturn 15) 40
Cycles: Harmonic Series 41
Cycles: Historic Comparison Overlay 42
Copyright © 2005 by Constance Brown. Click here for terms of use.
x Chart Index
Cycles: Multiple Fixed Period 43
Detrended U.S. Dollar Index Versus Gold 44
Directional Signal: Bearish RSI Negative Reversal 45
Directional Signal: Bullish RSI Positive Reversal 46
Directional Signal: Capitulation 47
Directional Signal: Close above the High of the Low Day 48
Directional Signal: Close below the Low of the High Day 49
Directional Signal: Divergence between Oscillators 50
Directional Signal: Exhaustion Gap 51
Directional Signal: Island Reversal (Bar or Candlesticks) 52
Directional Signal: Key Reversal 53
Directional Signal: Railway Tracks 54
Directional Signal: Reversal Day 55
Elliott Wave Applied to Point-and-Figure 56
Elliott Wave: Corrective Waves in Five-Wave Rally 57
Elliott Wave: Expanded Flat Rally within an Expanded Flat Correction 58
Elliott Wave: Impulsive Waves in Five-Wave Rally 59
Elliott Wave: Pattern 1 60
Elliott Wave: Pattern 2 61
Elliott Wave: Patterns 3 and 4 62
Elliott Wave: Pattern 5 63
Elliott Wave: Patterns 6 and 7 64
Elliott Wave: Pattern 8 65
Elliott Wave:Pattern 9 66
Elliott Wave: Patterns 10 and 11 67
Elliott Wave: Patterns 12 and 13 68
Elliott Wave: Retracement to the Vicinity of a Previous 4th Wave 69
Elliott Wave: Strongest Global Stock Index 70
Elliott Wave: Third-of-Third Wave 71
Entry Signal: Fibonacci Confluence Zone 72
Entry Signal: Following Stochastic Flutter 73
Entry Signal: Head-and-Shoulder Lowest Risk 74
Entry Signal: Key Reversal Becomes Resistance 75
Entry Signal: Multiple Confluence Resistances 76
Entry Signal: Oscillator Confirmation in Different Time Charts 1 77
Entry Signal: Oscillator Confirmation in Different Time Charts 2 78
Chart Index xi
Entry Signal: Oscillator Confirmation in Different Time Charts 3 79
Entry Signal: Prior Horizontal Indicator Pivot 80
Entry Signal: Resistance Becomes Support 81
Entry Signal: Stochastic Buy at 80 82
Entry Signal: Stochastic Sell at 20 83
Entry Signal: Stochastic Low Risk 84
Entry Signal: Support Becomes Resistance 85
Entry Signal: Support within Stochastics Confirmed by Lower Volume 86
Entry Signal: Testing Converging Trendlines 87
Entry Signal: Testing Market Breakout 88
Entry Signal with Low Risk after Resistance Becomes Support 89
Exit Signal: Trailing Stop 90
Fibonacci 50 Percent Retracement 91
Fibonacci Price Projection: Bearish Extension Swing 92
Fibonacci Price Projection: Bullish Extension Swing 93
Fibonacci Ratios in Nature 94
Fibonacci Retracement (Beginner) 95
Fibonacci Retracement Confluence Zone (Intermediate) 96
Fibonacci Retracement with Gann Confluence Target (Advanced) 97
Fibonacci Speed Lines 98
Fibonacci Speed Lines Angle Adjustment 99
Fibonacci Spiral in Nature 100
Fibonacci Support Confluence Zone Confirmed by RSI Trendline 101
Fundamental Data with Gann Aspect Cycle Target Dates 102
Fundamental Data with Momentum and Gann Analysis 103
Gann and Elliott Wave Analysis Applied 104
Gann Angles and Time Analysis 105
Gap Defining Support 106
Gaps: Breakaway, Runaway, Exhaustion 107
History: 1-Month Certificates of Deposit (CDs) 108
History: 6-Month Certificates of Deposit (CDs) 109
History: 10-Year Treasury Constant Maturity 110
History: 10-Year Treasury Constant Maturity Versus Unemployment 111
History: 30-Year Conventional Mortgages 112
History: 30-Year Treasury Bond Yield Constant Maturity 113
History: Bank Prime Loan Rate 114
xii Chart Index
History: Inflation in Consumer Prices 115
History: Japanese Long-Term Prime Lending Rate 116
History: SP500 Total Return Versus Percent Change 117
History: SP500 Total Return Versus Smoothed Percent Change 118
History: The Great Crash 119
History: Unemployment Rate 120
History: West Texas Intermediate Crude 121
Ichimoku Kinko Hyo 122
Intermarket Comparison: Nikkei 225 Versus Gold 123
Intramarket Comparison: Toronto TSE 300 Versus Dow Jones Industrials 124
Leading Economic Index: Baltic Dry Index 125
Most Active 126
Moving Averages Compared 127
Moving Averages Setup Simple with Exponential 128
Moving Averages Setup Simple Versus Displaced 129
Open Interest Declining with Volume Decline, and Price Is Corrective 130
Open Interest Rising with Volume Increase in
Downtrend Confirms Weak Market 131
Open Interest Rising with Volume Increase Is Trend Confirmation 132
Oscillator Comparison: RSI Versus MACD 133
Oscillator Comparison: RSI Versus Stochastic 134
Oscillator Comparison: RSI Versus Ultimate Oscillator 135
Oscillator Comparison: RSI with Averages Versus MACD 136
Oscillator Comparison: RSI with Averages Versus Stochastic with Averages 137
Oscillator Comparison: Stochastic with Averages Versus RSI with Averages 138
Oscillator Comparisons Not Normalized (Not Bound within Zero to 100) 139
Oscillator Comparisons of Histograms 140
Oscillator Reverse Engineering 141
Overlay Chronological Comparison: Nikkei Versus Displaced SP500 142
Overlay Chronological Comparison: Nikkei Versus SP500 143
Overlay Comparative Returns 144
Overlay Comparison: DJIA 1929 High Versus Nasdaq 2000 High 145
Overlay Comparison: North American Stock Markets 146
Overlay Comparison: Relative Performance 147
Overlay Comparison: Relative Stock Performance 148
Overlay Comparison: World Stock Markets (Daily) 149
Overlay Comparison: World Stock Markets (Weekly) 150
Chart Index xiii
Pattern Continuation: Bearish Flag 151
Pattern Continuation: Bullish Pennant 152
Pattern Continuation: Contracting Triangle 153
Pattern Continuation: Expanding Triangle 154
Pattern Resolution: “Thrust out of a Triangle” 155
Pattern Reversal: Diamond 156
Pattern Reversal: Double Top 157
Pattern Reversal: Falling Termination Wedge 158
Pattern Reversal: Inside Day 159
Pattern Reversal: Inverted Head and Shoulders 160
Pattern Reversal: Outside Day 161
Pattern Reversal: Rounding Bottom 162
Pattern Reversal: Triple Bottom 163
Pattern Reversal: Triple Top 164
Pattern Reversal: V Bottom 165
Point-and-Figure Bearish Broadening Formation 166
Point-and-Figure Bearish Trendlines 167
Point-and-Figure Bullish Broadening Formation 168
Point-and-Figure Bullish Trendlines 169
Point-and-Figure Buy Signal 170
Point-and-Figure Sell Signal 171
Point-and-Figure Trendlines 172
Price Action: Bear Trap 173
Price Action: Bull Trap 174
Price Action: Coiling Sideways Market 175
Price Action: Countertrend Rally 176
Price Action: Market Accumulation 177
Price Action: Market Distribution 178
Price Action: Mirror Image 179
Price Action: Parabolic Rise (also Developing Market Bubble) 180
Price Action: Range-Bound or Sideways Market 181
Price Action: Whipsaw Rally 182
Price Projection: Equality from a Midpoint 183
Price Projection: Exact 360-Degrees or Natural Square Retracement 184
Price Projection following Stochastic Flutter 185
Price Projection from Head-and-Shoulders Pattern 186
Price Projection from the Midpoint of a Gap 187
xiv Chart Index
Price Projection: Market Geometry 188
Price Projection: RSI Negative Reversal 189
Price Projection: RSI Positive Reversal 190
Price Smoothing: Bollinger Bands 191
Price Smoothing: Gann Swing Overlay 192
Price Smoothing: Keltner Channel 193
Price Smoothing: Percentage Change 194
Price Smoothing: Percentage Displacement 195
Price Smoothing: Regression Line 196
Price Smoothing: Simple Moving Average 197
Price Smoothing: Simple Moving Average Envelope 198
Price Smoothing: Spread between Two Averages Detrended 199
Price Smoothing: Starc or Stoller Bands 200
Psychological Support 201
Relative Strength 202
RSI Bear Market Oscillator Range 203
RSI Bull Market Oscillator Range 204
RSI Hidden Negative Reversal 205
RSI Hidden Positive Reversal on Support 206
Seasonal Comparison Analysis 207
Sentiment Analysis Commitment of Traders
(Commercials Versus Speculators) 208
SP500 Stock Sector Weightings within Index 1 209
SP500 Stock Sector Weightings within Index 2 210
SP500 Stock Sectors Spreadsheet Template1 211
SP500 Stock Sectors Spreadsheet Template2 212
SP500 Stock Sectors Spreadsheet Template3 213
SP500 Stock Sectors Spreadsheet Template4 214
SP500 Stock Sectors Spreadsheet Template5 215
SP500 Stock Sectors Spreadsheet Template6 216
SP500 Stock Sectors Spreadsheet Template7 217
Statistical Linear Regression 218
Statistical Probability Calculations for a Price Range 219
Statistical Smoothed Linear Regression 220
Statistical Standard Deviation Oscillator 221
Statistical Standard Deviation Plotted as a Step Ladder Oscillator 222
Statistical Synodic Square Curve 223
Stochastic Flutter 224
Stochastic Knee and Shoulder 225
Stochastic Original George Lane Chart 226
Stochastic Period Setup 227
Support Becomes Resistance in Stochastics 228
Support/Resistance: Arc Channel 229
Support/Resistance by Subdividing a Range into Eights 230
Support/Resistance Defined by RSI 231
Support/Resistance: Gann Angles from Zero 232
Support/Resistance: Gann Angles Projected from Zero 233
Support/Resistance: Gann Dynamic Harmonic Wheel Plotted on Prices 234
Support/Resistance: Gann Fan Angles 235
Support/Resistance: Gann Planetary Lines (Uranus 90-Degree Harmonics) 236
Support/Resistance: Gann Square of Nine, (Dynamic) 237
Support/Resistance: Gann Square of Nine, (Static from Zero) 238
Support/Resistancein a Downtrend 239
Support/Resistance in an Uptrend 240
Support/Resistance: Setting Arc in Parabolic Rally 241
Support/Resistance: Time and Price 242
TED Spread 243
Time and Price Gann Analysis Chart 244
Time and Price Gann Calculator 245
Time Pivot Calendar for Financial Global Markets 246
Trend and Countertrend Channels 247
Trendline: 45-Degree Rise with Square of Nine Grid 248
Trendline: Acceleration 249
Trendline: Channel 250
Trendline: Internal 251
Trendlines: Arc Channel 252
Trendlines Converging 253
Trendlines Converging (Advanced) 254
Trendlines on Fundamental Data 255
Trendlines on Indicators 256
Trendlines: Parallel Channel Projected from Gaps 257
Trendlines: Parallel Projected from Gaps 258
Trendlines: Parallel Set by Truncating Key Reversals Downtrend 259
Trendlines: Parallel Set by Truncating Key Reversals Uptrend 260
Chart Index xv
Trend Ranges within RSI 261
Unconventional Displays: Histogram Comparison with MACD 262
Unconventional Displays: Price Histogram with Smoothed RSI Histogram 263
Unconventional Displays: RSI Multiple Periods 264
Unconventional Displays: RSI Overlay on Price 265
Unconventional Displays: Smoothed Regression Bands
with RSI Delta Oscillator 266
Unconventional Displays: Smoothed RSI and RSI with Averages 267
Underlying Components of CRB Index 268
Volatility Bands: Bollinger 269
Volatility Bands on RSI 270
Volatility Bands: Smoothed Regression and Error Percent Displacement 271
Volatility Bands: Smoothed Regression and Percent Deviation 272
Volatility Bands: Starc 273
Volatility: Historical Price Volatility 274
Volatility Index (VIX) and SP500 (Daily Comparison) 275
Volatility Index (VIX) Detrended and SP500 276
Volatility Index (VIX) and SP500 277
Volume Average with Directional Volume 278
Volume Detrended 279
Volume: Double Bottom Confirmation on Lower Volume 280
Volume Increase with Trend Acceleration 281
Volume Oscillator: On Balance Volume 282
Volume: Rate of Change 283
Volume: Warning Trend Weakness 284
Yield Curve 285
Yield Curve: Global Comparison 286
xvi Chart Index
 
 
 
 
 
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JJooiinn MMyy MMaaiilliinngg LLiisstt 
 
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A C K N O W L E D G M E N T S
Some of the best charting ideas began as manual calculations, but some of those ideas
were lost due to practicality issues involved in producing the charts. Today, however,
nearly all of the concepts that underlie the practice of technical analysis can be illus-
trated by the computer-generated charts that are available within various software
packages. This book demonstrates some of the best charting tools available to tech-
nical analysts. Most of the charts are from Omega Research TradeStation, but some
are also from Bloomberg, Commodity Quote Graphics (CQG), and Reuters Athena.
Until now, Gann charting software has been labor intensive, misrepresented,
or incorrect, and the charts were displayed in such a manner that aspect cycles
were hard to read and verify. However, that has changed, as readers will see in the
Gann charts in this book. These Gann charts are in many respects revolutionary. A
special thank you to Mathew Verdouw, whose company, Premier Software Group
in Australia, has been proactive and enthusiastic to incorporate the methods of
W.D. Gann into a package that is, for the first time in my opinion, accessible and
productive in an institutional environment. The software can activate our custom
indicators for you called the Composite Index and the Derivative Oscillator. The
Composite Index is displayed on page 8 in this book, and you can find further dis-
cussion in my book Technical Analysis for the Trading Professional, which was
published by McGraw-Hill in 1998. To learn more about the Gann software used
to create the charts in this book please visit www.aeroinvest.com and explore the
sections called Software and the Chart Gallery.
There are so many people involved with publishing a book that there isn’t
enough space to mention more than just a few of them here. The process began for
this book with the sponsoring editor, Stephen Isaacs, who assumed the largest part
of the risk when he agreed to publish the book. I explained to Stephen that I was
writing it because I could not find something like it on my shelves with which to
communicate the concepts. Stephen is the smarts behind the team that designed
and named the book and wrote the copy for the cover jacket. Then he ensures that
the distributors know all about the book’s arrival. This is our third project together,
and with each one, I have learned something new about how to effectively com-
municate visual concepts to you, the reader. Then the manuscript goes to Pattie
Amoroso, a senior editing supervisor, who coordinates a host of graphic designers,
layout artists, and wordsmiths—all of whom have far more formal titles than these
but are known to me by the skills they bring to make me appear to be an author.
I’m not. I am just a hard-working trader like you. So without the McGraw-Hill
team and what they bring to the book, well, it just would not have happened! My
deep appreciation goes to them for their contribution and hard work.
Copyright © 2005 by Constance Brown. Click here for terms of use.
D I S C L A I M E R
It should not be assumed that the methods, techniques, or indicators presented in
this book will be profitable or that they will not result in losses. Past results are not
necessarily indicative of future results. Examples in this book are for educational
purposes only. This is not a solicitation of any order to buy or sell.
The NFA requires us to state, “HYPOTHETICAL OR SIMULATED PER-
FORMANCE RESULTS HAVE CERTAIN INHERENT LIMITATIONS.
UNLIKE AN ACTUAL PERFORMANCE RECORD, SIMULATED RESULTS
DO NOT REPRESENT ACTUAL TRADING. ALSO, SINCE THE TRADES
HAVE NOT ACTUALLY BEEN EXECUTED, THE RESULTS MAY HAVE
UNDER- OR OVERCOMPENSATED FOR THE IMPACT, IF ANY, OF CER-
TAIN MARKET FACTORS, SUCH AS LACK OF LIQUIDITY. SIMULATED
TRADING PROGRAMS IN GENERAL ARE ALSO SUBJECT TO THE FACT
THAT THEY ARE DESIGNED WITH THE BENEFIT OF HINDSIGHT. NO
REPRESENTATION IS BEING MADE THAT ANY ACCOUNT WILL OR IS
LIKELY TO ACHIEVE PROFITS OR LOSSES SIMILAR TO THOSE
SHOWN.”
Copyright © 2005 by Constance Brown. Click here for terms of use.
Introduction
1
The pendulum swing from boom to bust will not change unless human nature
itself should change. But the tools we use to chase these excesses will continue to
evolve as the manias themselves play out in repeatable patterns. 
When 24 men signed the Buttonwood Agreement May 17, 1792, to meet
daily near a particular buttonwood tree on Wall Street, to “Broker for the Purchase
and Sale of Public Stock” as they termed it, life was slower but it was not less com-
plex in the context of their times. The events that brought about the formation of this
stockbrokers’ group in 1792 were possible only because of the new government-
funding loan of $80 million, the chartering of the First Bank of the United States
in 1791, and the incorporation of the Bank of New York in 1784. No doubt these
brokers respected the house of Alexander Hamilton, who lived nearby the button-
wood tree and was the person behind these events that had created the opportunity
for these brokers.
By June 21, 1788, the necessary nine states had ratified the U.S. Constitution,
and that allowed the country to hold its first election of the new government’s officers.
Upon his election, President Washington selected Thomas Jefferson to be his secretary
of state and Alexander Hamilton tobe his secretary of the new Treasury Department.
Both Jefferson and Hamilton had been instrumental in the framing of the articles of the
Constitution. As treasury secretary, Hamilton insisted on establishing the government’s
credit, which he persuaded the Congress and President Washington could be accom-
plished by means of a funding loan of approximately $80 million. That loan became a
significant impetus to business growth because it was used for redeeming the worth-
less paper currency of the day. This in turn planted the seeds of what would become
the first market mania bubble in government notes and land speculation.
Copyright © 2005 by Constance Brown. Click here for terms of use.
2 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
New York had been a thriving place, but in the early 1790s it was somewhat
subdued socially because the seat of the federal government had been removed to
Philadelphia. It was said this removal from New York was the “trade” Hamilton
had made to procure Jefferson’s unwilling support to Hamilton’s funding loan
plan. Although Jefferson had strongly opposed banking and the transactions of
ownership through paper shares, he supported Hamilton’s plan in exchange for
Hamilton’s support for relocating the nation’s capital first to Philadelphia and finally
to the shores of the Potomac in Virginia. In consequence, New York concentrated
on business and has done so ever since. 
In modern times in addition to being fixed on the actions, phrases, and expres-
sions of the Federal Reserve Board chairman Alan Greenspan, a trader on the front
lines must also watch the developments in Iraq, the current terrorism threat level
in the country, and a constant stream of news items from which one’s nerves can
be rattled at any moment. But how does this differ from the circumstances of
Andrew J. Barclay, the first known speculator within the original group of 24
brokers that traded under the buttonwood tree? He had to follow very closely the
actions of Hamilton and Jefferson because Jefferson might have squelched the busi-
ness opportunities Hamilton had just planted. 
We think the events that occurred before our century moved relatively slowly,
but that is not an accurate perception. In a book first published in 1936 and now
long out of print called The Stock Exchange by Humphrey Neill, we learn the cir-
culation of bank notes jumped from $11 million to $45 million in 14 years. Land
speculation had run so out of control some people bought land located 30 feet under
the Hudson River! 
The first recorded bubble burst was the implosion of land prices in 1798 in the
North. Meanwhile in the South in a single year in 1792 the plantations produced
a total of 6000 bales of cotton (500 pounds to a bale). Then in 1793 the South
recorded the production of 16,000 bales of cotton, an increase made possible by
Eli Whitney’s invention of the cotton gin the year before. If you traded cotton in
1793, you would have thought the world was turning incredibly fast!
So the difference is the speed, volume, and global breadth of information that
we have to contend with these days. But human nature has not changed. Market
volatility increases as the public reacts to the latest terrorism threat, policy change,
war event, or market excess, and we traders find ourselves confronted with infor-
mation overload. The solution is to simplify. Filter out the media stream of verbal
and one-line news stories and trade through technical aids alone. The spread
between cause and reaction has narrowed to such an extent that we can focus on
the market setup alone without full awareness of the trigger itself. Shutting the
media stream off is in fact an act of self-preservation!
One day I was looking for a book in my library to help my business partner
who was evolving more toward technicals from his strong fundamental background.
To my surprise the book I needed had not yet been written. No book existed to
visually clarify what was a weak divergence signal versus a strong one. No book
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 3
existed to offer a simple illustration of an outside day, a key reversal, and railway
tracks under one jacket cover. Such technical patterns cannot be described easily
in an e-mail. I could have created the charts and sent them as attachments, but if
the attachments were not saved, the information would be lost. Learning about
technical analysis phrases and terms is difficult when a trader is using only the dic-
tionary help pages written by the software vendors who do not trade for their living.
So I called McGraw-Hill and explained that I needed a book. When we could not find
one, I soon found a contract in my e-mail folder to create this visual chart library. 
As the collection of charts grew, it became clear that it would be useful to
people with various skill levels. This is a book full of ideas for the experienced
technician. For the newer trader and technician, it provides clarification and quick
references. And for the novice it provides motivation to explore further a method or
technique that looks promising but requires further knowledge not in these pages to
actually implement or set up. This book is without words for good reason; it is not
meant to teach the methods but only to demonstrate them and to show how they have
been applied in real market conditions. While this book is intended to supplement
your own studies, you can learn a great deal from studying a simple illustration alone. 
This book solves a problem you might have when you first set up a technical
analysis software service if you are very unfamiliar with the methods used or if the
software is new to you. For example, vendors such as CQG and TradeStation set up
point-and-figure parameters differently to produce the same chart results. This book
will introduce you to point-and-figure charting, and if the patterns illustrated tell
you a clear story, then you may be more motivated to invest in a book specializing
in this area.
As another example, suppose you hear a colleague on the phone referring to
“Kagi charts.” You can find out what a Kagi chart looks like in this book. The goal
is not to teach you Kagi charting. However, if you see that Kagi and Gann swing
charts are very similar, you may find you have more in common with the trader
you overheard on the phone than you first realized.
The most frequent comment I hear when I teach is, “I’ve never seen that done
before.” Use of trendlines from pivots less academic but more meaningful in a
geometric sense can be taught through simple illustration. This book is packed full
with market geometry applications. Another benefit of an all visual book is in the
indicator comparisons that use the same symbols, which offers the new technician
a fast way to absorb a lot of technical experience by discovering his or her own
indicator preferences.
This book offers you a gold mine of trading directional signals that took years
of experience to collect. We traders are just a growing logic tree of signals, and it is
hard to put words around them all. Your observation skills will be put to the test by
this book. Here are a few guidelines on what to study. Focus closely on such things
as price closes versus opens when arrows are added to the chart. Study charts from
right to left, and see if the signal or level or pattern has been significant for the mar-
ket in the past. Any area highlighted in gray is significant. Market geometry is huge
4 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
in my view. When making a careful evaluation between methods, study the reactions
on both market tops and bottoms. Does an indicator make complex tops and simple
V bottoms? Study the source of a trendline and the minor anchor points selected.
When I teach, I find most people look for patterns that are far too wide or large. It is
the attention to detail that makes a great technician, but keep in mind the goal is to
answer what will happenin the next bar, not to detail the squiggles through a chart
for historic prosperity.
Some charts are included simply to set the record straight. As a contributor
and grader for the Market Technician Association’s Chartered Market Technician
(CMT III) certification exam, I am annually discouraged by the number of American
candidates who cannot read a currency chart. Once I submitted a question, which
was accepted and used in the exam, showing a monthly Swiss franc, weekly euro,
and daily yen chart. The exam question asked candidates for a market opinion on
the U.S. dollar and asked for the reasons behind their conclusion. The number of
people who believed this to be a trick question because it did not display the Dollar
Index was disheartening. Clearly this is not an overseas issue but a problem in North
America where candidates believe a stock analyst has no need to understand the
global financial food chain. Wake up, America! Keep in mind the job application
pool for market analysts is global. New analysts expecting to enter the industry as
professionals better do the homework needed because the Forex market dictates all
the other financial markets. Equities are simply a money flow game, and one must
understand the flow behind the buying and selling pressures. A spot currency chart
with a label $/yen is read as the U.S. dollar rising and falling in the direction of
the price action against the currency cross. If the chart is labeled yen/$, the price
rising and falling in correlation with the chart’s price action reflects yen. The dollar
would be read as the inverse correlation. If you cannot read a currency chart and
take the CMT III exam, you will likely be hard pressed to pass this certification.
There are several Gann charts in this book because this method offers accurate
time and price analysis. But few people in the industry know very much about this
method. The charts can be difficult to set up if you have no knowledge about Gann
analysis, but they are easy to read and interpret. So the charts are offered as an intro-
duction so that some may become more curious to explore this methodology further. I
will write a comprehensive Gann book some day because most books on the subject
at present follow the work of Gann’s son, John, and not that of William Delbert
(“W.D.”) Gann. In terms of returns and probability, there is a huge difference as Gann’s
son reduced much of his father’s methods to percentages, which are less accurate.
For readers learning the Elliott Wave Principle, all 13 Elliott wave patterns
are illustrated as a simple reference guide. Robert Prechter believes he has found
a 14th, which will be called an expanding diagonal triangle. I display the most
common diagonal triangle; the termination wedge, and I did not go into detailing
the expanding wedge or the difference between a type 1 versus a type 2 diagonal
triangle. The termination wedge is the more common, and it is clearly the market
reversal pattern of greater importance. You will be fairly advanced if you want to
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 5
begin to differentiate between type 1 and 2 wedges, and you would likely have
books on the topic in your own library. 
There are 18 market entry signals in the book. These are given in addition to the
numerous reversal and continuation signals demonstrated. They include buy signals
in stochastic oscillators at the 80 level and sell signals at 20. In the words of George
Lane, who first created the stochastic study, “Don’t learn to trade from your quote
vendor; you’ll become a computer programmer.” So many quick guides claim that
traders should sell at 80 and buy at 20 when using stochastic signals that I felt
compelled to show you how this is incredibly wrong as a carte blanche statement.
To add fuel for thought, there are a few examples in various sections of the
book of applying technical analysis on fundamental data. But as background, it is
becoming more important to see long historical periods of data to help us gain a sense
of where we stand now in context with the larger picture of history. It is becoming
harder to acquire these data because quote vendors are reducing their historical data
services to less than 20 years. This is insufficient for our purposes. Therefore, a few
historical charts are offered that include short and long horizon interest rates in the
United States and Japan, which will become key in the months ahead. 
A comment I often hear is that there needs to be a comparison between major
oscillators. So care was taken to keep the same market and time horizon so that a
comparison could be made that allows the different oscillator signal formations to
be evaluated.
This brings us to the treasury bills to eurodollars (TED) spread chart. This is
the one chart a reader can learn how to create from the chart in this book but then
run into difficulties finding material that can explain how the spread is used
because most books on technical analysis omit this discussion. So let me take a
moment to fill this void for readers who have a need to understand it further.
Some financial spreads are so commonly traded that they have their own
acronym shorthand name, like the TED spread. The TED spread is simply a two-
legged position with a leg in T-Bill futures and an opposite leg in eurodollar futures.
Both T-Bill futures and eurodollar futures are based on the interest rate paid on
90-day deposits. This interest rate can be calculated by subtracting the futures price
from 100. (For example, if T-Bills are trading at 95.00, the yield is 100 minus 95.00,
or 5.00 percent. Eurodollars work the exact same way.) T-Bills are 90-day deposits
with the U.S. government, while eurodollars are 90-day deposits of U.S. dollars in for-
eign banks. T-Bills are U.S. government debt, so they are backed by the “full faith and
credit” of the U.S. government. Because a government can tax its citizens, the deposits
backed by the government are deemed to be low risk. (Always an interesting heated
debate.) On the other hand, eurodollars are not guaranteed by any government. They
therefore have historically demanded a higher yield to attract funds. The TED spread
is said to be narrowing when eurodollars gain in value relative to T-Bills. When T-Bills
gain in value relative to eurodollars, the TED spread is said to be widening.
Because T-Bills are government guaranteed and eurodollars are not, the TED
spread represents the yield premium associated with eurodollars. For example,
6 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
when T-Bills are trading at 96.94 and the same month eurodollars are trading at
96.40, foreign banks have to pay 0.54 percent over the T-Bill rate to attract
American dollars overseas.
The fiscal policy in the United States is a major factor affecting the TED spread.
When interest rates in the United States are rising, the TED spread has historically
widened, as the more risky eurodollars tend to fall in value more than the safer T-
Bills. When interest rates are declining, or steady, the TED spread has historically
narrowed as the more volatile eurodollars appreciate in value faster relative to T-Bills.
Other factors affecting the TED spread would be world political stability and
the balance of trade. But, you may ask, is this not a fundamental topic? A market
technician does not live in a vacuum. We understand why a stock should be placed
in a certain sector group because its principal business and generated revenue is
derived from a common characteristic market service or product for that group.
But once this is understood, we technicians do not care what the company’s’ earn-
ings report may be in the future as our charts will warn us well in advance of the
risks or opportunities. Likewise with the TED spread because we need to have an
understanding of what it measures. Then we rely upon our charts and technicals to
forecast the risk premium measure between T-Bills and eurodollars. 
The TED spread isa risk premium between the U.S. government’s guaranteed
assets and nonguaranteed assets. The political stability of the United States and
foreign nations has historically played a key role in the direction of the TED spread.
When the world political situation is stable, the TED spread has historically nar-
rowed, meaning that eurodollars have gained in value relative to T-Bills. When
political uncertainty is high, T-Bills have historically gained in value relative to
eurodollars as people seek safer assets. If you did not recognize this relationship,
it would be easy to overlook that the current political instability and terrorism
should be widening the TED spread. Something is seriously amiss as the normal
relationships are not present. It makes us far more careful as we study our charts
knowing it is an election year and Greenspan has fallen seriously behind the yield
curve. That means an artificial situation is being created and when the Federal
Reserve is finally forced to catch up or establish normalcy in the interest rate envi-
ronment, it will dramatically impact stocks. 
But how does a changing interest rate environment impact stock prices? Not
all sectors react in a similar way. A technician will spend countless hours to deter-
mine the sectors that will be impacted, but the research will determine only that
stocks have a cyclical reaction to a changing interest rate environment.
Six months before the Fed tightening cycle begins, sectors like Aerospace/
Defense, Autos and Parts, Chemicals, Construction and Building Materials, Oil,
Engines and Machinery, Transport, and Electrical Equipment outperform the general
market. On the other hand, Insurance, Leisure, General Retail, and Pharmaceuticals
may lag. 
But early in the tightening cycle after the first and second rate hike, a change
occurs. General Retail, Software and Computer Services as well as Gold Mining
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 7
stocks begin to outperform sectors negatively impacted by rising rates such as
Aerospace/Defense, Banks, Construction and Building Materials, Diversified
Industries, Oil, Household Goods, and Real Estate.
Late in the tightening cycle interest rate changes often produce a stronger
dollar as higher rates offer higher returns for overseas investors holding U.S.
deposits. So sectors with strong overseas sales such as Diversified Industries,
Engines and Machinery, and U.S. Autos and Parts underperform further. That is why
analysts with responsibilities in stocks alone must have a broader awareness of the
financial world about them.
We live in times of increasing market volatility, and you will find numerous
charts showing volatility bands, volatility measurements, and several examples of
the Volatility Index (VIX). There is not a lot written on this index, and several
charting vendors do not even offer VIX data. I have six different data vendors
because no one vendor can offer all the markets, indexes, or historical data files I
need to do a decent job in a global arena. Frustrating, but it is reality so be prepared
to shop for the symbols your principal vendor may not have. 
The VIX is a sentiment gauge of fear in the U.S. stock market. As the VIX
simply quantifies implied options volatility on the S&P 100 Index, a low value
generally means complacency and a high value means violent markets plagued
with breathtaking and chaotic volatility. When studying the attributes of any market
sentiment measurement like the VIX charts, it is important to view the historical
range in which the VIX has traded. Since 1997 the VIX has generally bounced
between 20 on the low side and 50 on the high side. Each time in 1998, 2001, and
2002 that an extreme was recorded near 50, the market formed a definable low.
Such sentiment gauges by themselves are difficult to read, and the raw data
can be detrended to make them more useful. Data are detrended simply by adding
a moving average and plotting the difference of the index from the average as an
oscillator. You will find examples of this in the VIX charts. Another way to
increase the value of a sentiment index is to chart a ratio. The S&P 500 divided by
the VIX will give cleaner signals to work from than will the raw data alone.
When the VIX pierced the 20 level, it marked a period in the markets of
extreme greed and indifference. A short of the S&P 500 at the VIX trough lows
would have been correct directional strategy, but it would also have been poor mar-
ket timing without a price projection method in place to use for risk management
purposes. Price projection methods are without question the weakest component
for most new analysts. You will find in this book several different price projection
techniques that you can use as a starting point to obtain additional information. 
Most of the charts in this book are actual charts used in a trading environment.
I hope as you page through the charts, it leads you to new research or clarifies a
concept misunderstood. We always have something new to learn. Markets are
evolving and so too should we be learning new skills. Never stay in one place as
there is always a bigger fish out there looking for its next meal in the financial food
chain. Personally I would rather be predator than prey.
8 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Bearish Divergence between Momentum Indicators
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 9
Bearish Divergence Strong
10 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Bearish Divergence Very Strong 
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 11
Bearish Divergence Very Strong with Lower Volume Confirmation
12 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Bearish Divergence Very Weak (Too Wide)
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 13
Bullish Divergence on Internal Momentum Support
14 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Bullish Divergence Very Strong on Momentum Support
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 15
Bullish Divergence Very Strong with Volume Confirmation
16 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Bullish Divergence Very Weak (Too Wide)
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 17
Bullish Divergence with Confirming Lower Volume
18 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Bullish Divergence with V-Reversal Bottom
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 19
Bullish Divergence without Confirming Lower Volume
20 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Chart Scales: Arithmetic and Semilogarithmic
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 21
Chart Styles: 3rd-Dimension Harmonic
22 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Chart Styles: Bar Chart
Andrey
trading software col
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 23
Chart Styles: Candlestick Chart
24 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Chart Styles: Gann Swing Chart
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 25
Chart Styles: Kagi Chart
26 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Chart Styles: Line on Close Chart
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 27
Chart Styles: Percentage Swing Chart
28 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Chart Styles: Point-and-Figure Chart
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 29
Chart Styles: Point Swing Chart
30 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Currency Exchange Rate
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 31
Cycles: Fibonacci Time Intervals
32 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Cycles: Fixed PeriodThe Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 33
Cycles: Gann Aspect Conjunction (0)
34 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Cycles: Gann Aspect Opposition (180)
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 35
Cycles: Gann Aspect Sextile (60)
36 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Cycles: Gann Aspect Square (90)
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 37
Cycles: Gann Aspect Trine (120)
38 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Cycles: Gann Declination Overlay
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 39
Cycles: Gann Ingress Analysis
40 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Cycles: Gann Planetary Degrees (Saturn 15)
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 41
Cycles: Harmonic Series
42 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Cycles: Historic Comparison Overlay
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 43
Cycles: Multiple Fixed Period
44 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Detrended U.S. Dollar Index Versus Gold
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 45
Directional Signal: Bearish RSI Negative Reversal
46 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Directional Signal: Bullish RSI Positive Reversal
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 47
Directional Signal: Capitulation
48 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Directional Signal: Close above the High of the Low Day
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 49
Directional Signal: Close below the Low of the High Day
50 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Directional Signal: Divergence between Oscillators
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 51
Directional Signal: Exhaustion Gap
52 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Directional Signal: Island Reversal (Bar or Candlesticks)
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 53
Directional Signal: Key Reversal
54 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Directional Signal: Railway Tracks
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 55
Directional Signal: Reversal Day
56 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Elliott Wave Applied to Point-and-Figure
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 57
Elliott Wave: Corrective Waves in Five-Wave Rally
58 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Elliott Wave: Expanded Flat Rally 
within an Expanded Flat Correction
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 59
Elliott Wave: Impulsive Waves in Five-Wave Rally
60 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Elliott Wave: Pattern 1
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 61
Elliott Wave: Pattern 2
62 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Elliott Wave: Patterns 3 and 4
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 63
Elliott Wave: Pattern 5
64 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Elliott Wave: Patterns 6 and 7
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 65
Elliott Wave: Pattern 8
 
 
 
 
 
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MMiirrrroorrss:: 
 
wwwwww..ffoorreexx--wwaarreezz..ccoomm 
wwwwww..ttrraaddeerrss--ssooffttwwaarree..ccoomm 
wwwwww..ttrraaddiinngg--ssooffttwwaarree--ddoowwnnllooaadd..ccoomm 
 
 
 
JJooiinn MMyy MMaaiilliinngg LLiisstt 
 
http://www.trading-software-collection.com/
http://www.forex-warez.com/
http://www.traders-software.com/
http://www.trading-software-download.com/
http://www.forex-warez.com/www/subscribe.html
66 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Elliott Wave: Pattern 9
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 67
Elliott Wave: Patterns 10 and 11
68 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Elliott Wave: Patterns 12 and 13
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 69
Elliott Wave: Retracement to the Vicinity of a Previous 4th Wave
70 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Elliott Wave: Strongest Global Stock Index
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 71
Elliott Wave: Third-of-Third Wave
72 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Entry Signal: Fibonacci Confluence Zone
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 73
Entry Signal: Following Stochastic Flutter
74 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Entry Signal: Head-and-Shoulder Lowest Risk
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 75
Entry Signal: Key Reversal Becomes Resistance
76 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Entry Signal: Multiple Confluence Resistances
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 77
Entry Signal: Oscillator Confirmation in Different Time Charts 1
78 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Entry Signal: Oscillator Confirmation in Different Time Charts 2
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 79
Entry Signal: Oscillator Confirmation in Different Time Charts 3
80 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Entry Signal: Prior Horizontal Indicator Pivot
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 81
Entry Signal: Resistance Becomes Support
82 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Entry Signal: Stochastic Buy at 80
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 83
Entry Signal: Stochastic Sell at 20
84 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Entry Signal: Stochastic Low Risk
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 85
Entry Signal: Support Becomes Resistance
86 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Entry Signal: Support within 
Stochastics Confirmed by Lower Volume
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 87
Entry Signal: Testing Converging Trendlines
88 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Entry Signal: Testing Market Breakout
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 89
Entry Signal with Low Risk after Resistance Becomes Support
90 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Exit Signal: Trailing Stop
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 91
Fibonacci 50 Percent Retracement
92 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Fibonacci Price Projection: Bearish Extension Swing
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 93
Fibonacci Price Projection: Bullish Extension Swing
94 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Fibonacci Ratios in Nature
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 95
Fibonacci Retracement (Beginner)
96 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Fibonacci Retracement Confluence Zone (Intermediate)
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 97
Fibonacci Retracement with Gann Confluence Target (Advanced)
98 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Fibonacci Speed Lines
The Illustrated Guide to Technical AnalysisSignals and Phrases 99
Fibonacci Speed Lines Angle Adjustment
100 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Fibonacci Spiral in Nature
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 101
Fibonacci Support Confluence Zone Confirmed by RSI Trendline
102 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Fundamental Data with Gann Aspect Cycle Target Dates
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 103
Fundamental Data with Momentum and Gann Analysis
104 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Gann and Elliott Wave Analysis Applied
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 105
Gann Angles and Time Analysis
106 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Gap Defining Support
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 107
Gaps: Breakaway, Runaway, Exhaustion
108 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
History: 1-Month Certificates of Deposit (CDs)
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 109
History: 6-Month Certificates of Deposit (CDs)
110 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
History: 10-Year Treasury Constant Maturity 
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 111
History: 10-Year Treasury 
Constant Maturity Versus Unemployment
112 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
History: 30-Year Conventional Mortgages
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 113
History: 30-Year Treasury Bond Yield Constant Maturity
114 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
History: Bank Prime Loan Rate
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 115
History: Inflation in Consumer Prices
116 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
History: Japanese Long-Term Prime Lending Rate
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 117
History: SP500 Total Return Versus Percent Change
118 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
History: SP500 Total Return Versus Smoothed Percent Change
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 119
History: The Great Crash
120 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
History: Unemployment Rate
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 121
History: West Texas Intermediate Crude
122 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Ichimoku Kinko Hyo
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 123
Intermarket Comparison: Nikkei 225 Versus Gold
124 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Intramarket Comparison: Toronto 
TSE 300 Versus Dow Jones Industrials
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 125
Leading Economic Index: Baltic Dry Index
126 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Most Active
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 127
Moving Averages Compared
128 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Moving Averages Setup Simple with Exponential
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 129
Moving Averages Setup Simple Versus Displaced
130 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Open Interest Declining with 
Volume Decline, and Price Is Corrective
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 131
Open Interest Rising with Volume 
Increase in Downtrend Confirms Weak Market
132 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Open Interest Rising with Volume Increase Is Trend Confirmation
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 133
Oscillator Comparison: RSI Versus MACD
134 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Oscillator Comparison: RSI Versus Stochastic
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 135
Oscillator Comparison: RSI Versus Ultimate Oscillator
136 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Oscillator Comparison: RSI with Averages Versus MACD
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 137
Oscillator Comparison: RSI with 
Averages Versus Stochastic with Averages
138 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Oscillator Comparison: Stochastic 
with Averages Versus RSI with Averages
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 139
Oscillator Comparisons Not 
Normalized (Not Bound within Zero to 100)
140 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Oscillator Comparisons of Histograms
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 141
Oscillator Reverse Engineering*
*For more information, please refer to Technical Analysis for the Trading Professional by Constance Brown (New
York: McGraw-Hill), 1999.
142 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Overlay Chronological 
Comparison: Nikkei Versus Displaced SP500
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 143
Overlay Chronological Comparison: Nikkei Versus SP500
144 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Overlay Comparative Returns
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 145
Overlay Comparison: DJIA 1929 High Versus Nasdaq 2000 High
146 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Overlay Comparison: North American Stock Markets
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 147
Overlay Comparison: Relative Performance
148 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Overlay Comparison: Relative Stock Performance
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 149
Overlay Comparison: World Stock Markets (Daily)
150 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Overlay Comparison: World Stock Markets (Weekly)
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 151
Pattern Continuation: Bearish Flag
152 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Pattern Continuation: Bullish Pennant
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 153
Pattern Continuation: Contracting Triangle
154 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Pattern Continuation: Expanding Triangle
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 155
Pattern Resolution: “Thrust out of a Triangle”
156 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Pattern Reversal: Diamond
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 157
Pattern Reversal: Double Top
158 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Pattern Reversal: Falling Termination Wedge
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 159
Pattern Reversal: Inside Day
160 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Pattern Reversal: Inverted Head and Shoulders
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 161
Pattern Reversal: Outside Day
162 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Pattern Reversal: Rounding Bottom
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 163
Pattern Reversal Triple Bottom
164 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Pattern Reversal: Triple Top
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 165
Pattern Reversal: V Bottom
166 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Point-and-Figure Bearish Broadening Formation
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 167
Point-and-FigureBearish Trendlines
168 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Point-and-Figure Bullish Broadening Formation
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 169
Point-and-Figure Bullish Trendlines
170 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Point-and-Figure Buy Signal
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 171
Point-and-Figure Sell Signal
172 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Point-and-Figure Trendlines
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 173
Price Action: Bear Trap
174 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Price Action: Bull Trap
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 175
Price Action: Coiling Sideways Market
176 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Price Action: Countertrend Rally
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 177
Price Action: Market Accumulation
178 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Price Action: Market Distribution
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 179
Price Action: Mirror Image
180 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Price Action: Parabolic Rise (also Developing Market Bubble)
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 181
Price Action: Range-Bound or Sideways Market
182 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Price Action: Whipsaw Rally
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 183
Price Projection: Equality from a Midpoint
184 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Price Projection: Exact 360-Degrees 
or Natural Square Retracement
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 185
Price Projection following Stochastic Flutter
186 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Price Projection from Head-and-Shoulders Pattern
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 187
Price Projection from the Midpoint of a Gap
188 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Price Projection: Market Geometry
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 189
Price Projection: RSI Negative Reversal
190 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Price Projection: RSI Positive Reversal
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 191
Price Smoothing: Bollinger Bands
192 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Price Smoothing: Gann Swing Overlay
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 193
Price Smoothing: Keltner Channel
194 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Price Smoothing: Percentage Change
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 195
Price Smoothing: Percentage Displacement
196 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Price Smoothing: Regression Line
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 197
Price Smoothing: Simple Moving Average 
198 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Price Smoothing: Simple Moving Average Envelope
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 199
Price Smoothing: Spread between Two Averages Detrended
200 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Price Smoothing: Starc or Stoller Bands
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 201
Psychological Support
202 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Relative Strength
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 203
RSI Bear Market Oscillator Range*
*For more information, see Technical Analysis for the Trading Professional by Constance Brown (New York:
McGraw-Hill, 1999).
204 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
RSI Bull Market Oscillator Range*
*For more information, see Technical Analysis for the Trading Professional by Constance Brown (New York:
McGraw-Hill, 1999).
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 205
RSI Hidden Negative Reversal
206 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
RSI Hidden Positive Reversal on Support
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 207
Seasonal Comparison Analysis
208 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Sentiment Analysis Commitment
of Traders (Commercials Versus Speculators)
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 209
SP500 Stock Sector Weightings within Index 1
210 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
SP500 Stock Sector Weightings within Index 2
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 211
SP500 Stock Sectors Spreadsheet Template1
212 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
SP500 Stock Sectors Spreadsheet Template2
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 213
SP500 Stock Sectors Spreadsheet Template3
214 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
SP500 Stock Sectors Spreadsheet Template4
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 215
SP500 Stock Sectors Spreadsheet Template5
216 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
SP500 Stock Sectors Spreadsheet Template6
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 217
SP500 Stock Sectors Spreadsheet Template7
218 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Statistical Linear Regression
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 219
Statistical Probability Calculations for a Price Range
220 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Statistical Smoothed Linear Regression
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 221
Statistical Standard Deviation Oscillator
222 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Statistical Standard Deviation
Plotted as a Step Ladder Oscillator
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 223
Statistical Synodic Square Curve
224 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Stochastic Flutter
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 225
Stochastic Knee and Shoulder
226 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Stochastic Original George Lane Chart
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 227
Stochastic Period Setup
228 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Support Becomes Resistance in Stochastics
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 229
Support / Resistance: Arc Channel
230 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Support / Resistance by Subdividing a Range into Eights
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 231
Support / Resistance Defined by RSI
232 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Support / Resistance: Gann Angles from Zero
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 233
Support / Resistance: Gann Angles Projected from Zero
234 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Support / Resistance: 
Gann Dynamic Harmonic Wheel Plotted on Prices
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 235
Support / Resistance: Gann Fan Angles
236 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Support / Resistance: Gann Planetary
Lines (Uranus 90-Degree Harmonics)
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signalsand Phrases 237
Support / Resistance: Gann Square of Nine, (Dynamic)
238 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Support / Resistance: Gann Square of Nine, (Static from Zero)
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 239
Support / Resistance in a Downtrend
240 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Support / Resistance in an Uptrend
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 241
Support / Resistance: Setting Arc in Parabolic Rally
242 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Support / Resistance: Time and Price
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 243
TED Spread
244 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Time and Price Gann Analysis Chart
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 245
Time and Price Gann Calculator
246 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Time Pivot Calendar for Financial Global Markets
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 247
Trend and Countertrend Channels
248 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Trendline: 45-Degree Rise with Square of Nine Grid
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 249
Trendline: Acceleration
250 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Trendline: Channel
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 251
Trendline: Internal
252 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Trendlines: Arc Channel
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 253
Trendlines Converging 
254 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Trendlines Converging (Advanced)
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 255
Trendlines on Fundamental Data
256 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Trendlines on Indicators
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 257
Trendlines: Parallel Channel Projected from Gaps
258 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Trendlines: Parallel Projected from Gaps
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 259
Trendlines: Parallel Set by Truncating Key Reversals Downtrend
260 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Trendlines: Parallel Set by Truncating Key Reversals Uptrend
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 261
Trend Ranges within RSI*
*For more information, please refer to Technical Analysis for the Trading Professional by Constance Brown (New
York: McGraw-Hill), 1999.
262 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Unconventional Displays: Histogram Comparison with MACD
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 263
Unconventional Displays: Price
Histogram with Smoothed RSI Histogram
264 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Unconventional Displays: RSI Multiple Periods
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 265
Unconventional Displays: RSI Overlay on Price
266 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Unconventional Displays: Smoothed
Regression Bands with RSI Delta Oscillator
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 267
Unconventional Displays: Smoothed RSI and RSI with Averages
268 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Underlying Components of CRB Index
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 269
Volatility Bands: Bollinger
270 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Volatility Bands on RSI
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 271
Volatility Bands: Smoothed
Regression and Error Percent Displacement
272 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Volatility Bands: Smoothed Regression and Percent Deviation
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 273
Volatility Bands: Starc
274 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Volatility: Historical Price Volatility
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 275
Volatility Index (VIX) and SP500 (Daily Comparison)
276 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Volatility Index (VIX) Detrended and SP500
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 277
Volatility Index (VIX) and SP500
278 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Volume Average with Directional Volume
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 279
Volume Detrended
280 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Volume: Double Bottom Confirmation on Lower Volume
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 281
Volume Increase with Trend Acceleration
282 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Volume Oscillator: On Balance Volume
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 283
Volume: Rate of Change
284 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Volume: Warning Trend Waning
The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases 285
Yield Curve
286 The Illustrated Guide to Technical Analysis Signals and Phrases
Yield Curve: Global Comparison
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	Dedication
	Contents
	Chart Index
	Bearish Divergence between Momentum Indicators
	Bearish Divergence Strong
	Bearish Divergence Very Strong
	Bearish Divergence Very Strong with Lower Volume Confirmation
	Bearish Divergence Very Weak (Too Wide)
	Bullish Divergence on Internal Momentum Support
	Bullish Divergence Very Strong on Momentum Support
	Bullish Divergence Very Strong with Volume Confirmation
	Bullish Divergence Very Weak (Too Wide)
	Bullish Divergence with Confirming Lower Volume
	Bullish Divergence with V-Reversal Bottom
	Bullish Divergence without Confirming Lower Volume
	Chart Scales: Arithmetic and Semilogarithmic
	Chart Styles: 3rd-Dimension Harmonic
	Chart Styles: Bar Chart
	Chart Styles: Candlestick Chart
	Chart Styles: Gann Swing Chart
	Chart Styles: Kagi Chart
	Chart Styles: Line on Close Chart
	Chart Styles: Percentage Swing Chart
	Chart Styles: Point-and-Figure Chart
	Chart Styles: Point Swing Chart
	Currency Exchange Rate
	Cycles: Fibonacci Time Intervals
	Cycles: Fixed Period
	Cycles: Gann Aspect Conjunction (0)
	Cycles: Gann Aspect Opposition (180)
	Cycles: Gann Aspect Sextile (60)
	Cycles: Gann Aspect Square (90)
	Cycles: Gann Aspect Trine (120)
	Cycles: Gann Declination Overlay
	Cycles: Gann Ingress Analysis
	Cycles: Gann Planetary Degrees (Saturn 15)
	Cycles: Harmonic Series
	Cycles: Historic Comparison Overlay
	Cycles: Multiple Fixed Period
	Detrended U.S. Dollar Index Versus Gold
	Directional Signal: Bearish RSI Negative Reversal
	Directional Signal: Bullish RSI Positive Reversal
	Directional Signal: Capitulation
	Directional Signal: Close above the High of the Low Day
	Directional Signal: Close below the Low of the High Day
	Directional Signal: Divergence between Oscillators
	Directional Signal: Exhaustion Gap
	Directional Signal: Island Reversal (Bar or Candlesticks)
	Directional Signal: Key Reversal
	Directional Signal: Railway Tracks
	Directional Signal: Reversal Day
	Elliott Wave Applied to Point-and-Figure
	Elliott Wave: Corrective Waves in Five-Wave Rally
	Elliott Wave: Expanded Flat Rally within an Expanded Flat Correction
	Elliott Wave: Impulsive Waves in Five-Wave Rally
	Elliott Wave: Pattern 1
	Elliott Wave: Pattern 2
	Elliott Wave: Patterns 3 and 4
	Elliott Wave: Pattern 5
	Elliott Wave: Patterns 6 and 7
	Elliott Wave: Pattern 8
	Elliott Wave: Pattern 9
	Elliott Wave: Patterns 10 and