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Teste de Conhecimento
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Gerunds are types of verbals that can be used to perform different syntactic roles. Bearing this information in mind, read the sentence
below:
"My hobby is reading books on folktales."
The gerund form in the sentence above functions as:
LÍNGUA INGLESA RELAÇÕES DISCURSIVAS
Lupa  
 
DGT0641_202103257976_TEMAS
Aluno: MARINES ADIERS ALVES PEREIRA Matr.: 202103257976
Disc.: LÍNGUA INGLESA REL  2023.1 EAD (G) / EX
Prezado (a) Aluno(a),
Você fará agora seu TESTE DE CONHECIMENTO! Lembre-se que este exercício é opcional, mas não valerá ponto para sua avaliação. O mesmo
será composto de questões de múltipla escolha.
Após responde cada questão, você terá acesso ao gabarito comentado e/ou à explicação da mesma. Aproveite para se familiarizar com este
modelo de questões que será usado na sua AV e AVS.
03246AS FORMAS NOMINAIS DO VERBO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
 
1.
indirect object
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Participles present multiple uses in the English language. For instance, they can take part in Perfect and Progressive verb tenses. Another
important use has to do with simplifying more complex sentence structures. Bearing this information in mind, read the sentence below:
"Standing in the queue, I realized I had forgotten my wallet at home."
The participle form in the sentence is used to simplify:
direct object
prepositional complement
subject
subject complement
Data Resp.: 20/04/2023 20:38:17
Explicação:
Answer key: subject complement
Feedback:
Subject complement (ANSWER) - A gerund functions as subject complement when it is placed immediately after a linking verb, which is
the case at play.
Prepositional complement - it refers to using gerund structure to complete the meaning of a preposition so that the sentence does not
become agrammatical or has its full meaning jeopardized.
Indirect object - Gerunds operate as indirect objects when they are used as the �rst object of ditransitive verbs.
Subject - When a gerund structure is placed before the verb phrase, it operates as the subject of the sentence.
Direct object - In order to operate as a direct object, a gerund structure must be located after a transitive verb.
 
2.
An adverbial clause of manner
An adverbial clause of condition
A restrictive adjective clause
An adverbial clause of time
A non-restrictive adjective clause
Data Resp.: 20/04/2023 20:38:20
Explicação:
Answer key: An adverbial clause of time
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Verbals can be de�ned as non-�nite forms which can present speci�c con�gurations. Bearing this in mind, read the text below:
First published in 1951, Shamanism soon became the standard work in the study of this mysterious and fascinating phenomenon.
Source: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/28022.Shamanism
The highlighted element in the text is an example of a:
Feedback:
The participle form in this example is used to simplify an adverbial clause of time. It replaces the following structure: "While I was
standing in the queue, ...". Since the sentence conveys an adverbial meaning it cannot refer to an adjective clause. Additionally, it refers to
"when" an action took place, which means that "condition" and "manner" are not being expressed by the sentence.
 
3.
Past participle
Bare in�nitive
Present participle
Gerund
To-in�nitive
Data Resp.: 20/04/2023 20:38:23
Explicação:
Answer key: Present participle
Feedback:
Present participle (ANSWER) - it refers to a verb + ing structure which can be used to characterize nouns. In the case above, fascinating
characterizes the noun phenomenon, indicating that it makes people feel fascinated.
Past Participle - Past participles are used to form Perfect Verb Tenses in English and are based either on regular verb forms ("-ed" ending)
or irregular verb forms.
Bare in�nitive - it is when an in�nitive form is exploited without TO.
To-in�nitive - a non-�nite verb form composed of TO + verb
Gerund - it is a verb + ing structure which is used to function as a noun.
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Gerunds are a special class of non-�nite structures, which can be used after certain verbs to create more complex sentences. Bearing this
information in mind, read the sentence below:
 
"The American Government are interested in investing in Brazil."
 
The gerund form in the sentence above functions as:
The verbal structure in English can be composed of either �nite or non-�nite structures, depending on the type of relation devised inside a
sentence. Bearing this piece of information in mind, consider the following passage:
Researchers (1)have (2)used a COVID vaccine (3) to treat a patient (4) suffering from the virus, rather than for just (5) preventing infection,
for the �rst time
(Source: https://www.newsweek.com/man-prisoner-7-month-covid-infection-treated-p�zer-vaccine-�rst-ian-lester-immunocompromised-
1690401)
The TOTAL of non-�nite structures highlighted in the text is:
03247ORAÇÕES REDUZIDAS DE GERÚNDIO
 
4.
Indirect object
Subject complement
Direct object
Subject
Prepositional complement
Data Resp.: 20/04/2023 20:38:26
Explicação:
Prepositional complement (ANSWER) - it refers to using a gerund structure to complete the meaning of a preposition so that the
sentence does not become agrammatical or has its full meaning jeopardized. It is what happens in the example above.
Indirect object - Gerunds operate as indirect objects when they are used as the �rst object of ditransitive verbs.
Subject complement - A gerund functions as subject complement when it is placed immediately after a linking verb.
Subject - When a gerund structure is placed before the verb phrase, it operates as the subject of the sentence.
Direct object - In order to operate as a direct object, a gerund structure must be located after a transitive verb.
 
5.
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Consider the following passage from The Pit and The Pendulum:
 
''The agony of suspense grew at length intolerable, and I cautiously moved forward, with my arms extended, and my eyes straining from their
sockets, in the hope of catching some faint ray of light.''
 
Source: https://poestories.com/read/pit
 
 
What is the function of the Gerund Clause highlighted in the passage above?
Five
Two
One
Three
Four
Data Resp.: 20/04/2023 20:38:29
Explicação:
Four (ANSWER) ¿ Items [2] = past participle, [3] = in�nite, [4] = present participle, and [5] = gerund are examples of non-�nite
structures, since there is no subject-verb agreement. Item [1] = auxiliary verb must agree with the subject. Consequently, it is the
only �nite structure.
One ¿ inferior to the total of non-�nite structures
Two ¿ inferior to the total of non-�nite structures
Three ¿ inferior to the total of non-�nite structures
Five ¿ superior to the total of non-�nite structures.
 
6.
Indirect object
Prepositional complement
Direct object
Subject complement
Subject
Data Resp.: 20/04/2023 20:38:32
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In the next statements, all the options, except for one, depict to-in�nitive clauses occupying the subject position. Choose the only
alternative in which the to-in�nitive clause functions as a circumstantial adjunct:
Explicação:
Prepositional complement (ANSWER) - it refers to using a gerund structure to complete the meaning of a preposition so that the
sentence does not become agrammatical or has its full meaning jeopardized. It is what happens in the example above.
Indirect object - Gerunds operate as indirect objects when they are used as the �rst object of ditransitive verbs.
Subject complement - A gerund functions as a subjectcomplement when it is placed immediately after a linking verb.
Subject - When a gerund structure is placed before the verb phrase, it operates as the subject of the sentence.
Direct object - In order to operate as a direct object, a gerund structure must be located after a transitive verb.
03048AS ORAÇÕES REDUZIDAS DE INFINITIVO
 
7.
To assure us of his concern, he was coming.
To persuade him against returning into Hertfordshire was scarcely the work of a moment.
To work in his garden was one of his most respectable pleasures.
To know that her daughter would be married was enough.
To have his errors made public might ruin him forever.
Data Resp.: 20/04/2023 20:38:35
Explicação:
All the options above were adapted from the novel Pride and Prejudice.
AUSTEN, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. Available at: The Project Gutenberg eBook of Pride and Prejudice, by Jane Austen. Accessed Oct
12th, 2021
"To assure us of his concern"  is a circumstantial adjunct that provides us with the reason why he was coming. At the onset of the
sentence, it declares the purpose of the action from the very beginning, it announces why he is coming. The other options "To know that
her daughter would be married", "To have his errors made public"; "To work in his garden"; "To persuade him against returning into
Hertfordshire"  occupy the subject position as they provide the answers to the following questions: "what was enough?"; "what might
ruin him forever?"; "what was one of his most respectable pleasures?" and “what was the work of a moment?".
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Clauses can be divided into two groups: �nite and non-�nite. Mark the option displaying a non-�nite clause:
Read the passage below, by taking into consideration the role of RPCs in academic contexts:
Academic writing is meant to be _______________, so texts can be compact and precise, and _______________, in order to convince people about the
truth of the knowledge conveyed. Therefore, writers try to avoid excessively _______________ types of sentences.
What is the option that �lls in correctly each of the gaps in the passage above?
 
8.
We will know where we have gone.
One does not know what to think.
Don't you know there is an express come for master from Mr. Gardiner?
I know you will contrive it all.
We both know that he has been pro�igate in every sense of the word.
Data Resp.: 20/04/2023 20:38:38
Explicação:
All the options were adapted from the novel Pride and Prejudice.
AUSTEN, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. Available at: The Project Gutenberg eBook of Pride and Prejudice, by Jane Austen. Accessed Oct
12th, 2021
03248ORAÇÕES REDUZIDAS DE PARTICÍPIO
 
9.
Compact - lengthy - persuasive.
Complete - economical - scienti�c.
Economical - complete - persuasive.
Interesting - communicative - prolix.
Economical - persuasive - prolix.
Data Resp.: 20/04/2023 20:38:40
Explicação:
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RPCs are commonly employed in academic discourse due to their power to make the texts more persuasive through nominalization. In which
of the clauses in bold, the verb of the clause appears in its participle (nominalized) form?
Answer: Economical - persuasive - prolix.
Feedback: Since texts have to be compact in academic writing, they must be economical and due to their function in trying to convince
people, they must be persuasive. Finally, in order to make a persuasive and economical text, writers must avoid prolix constructions.
Therefore, "Economical - persuasive - prolix" is the correct option.
 
10.
Although she lied to me several times, I still choose to stay with her.
The results achieved were overall good considered the economic context of our country.
Because she has been unable to work since January, her family is going through dif�cult times.
Whenever Jessica understands the power she has, she becomes a good manager.
If you make your investment more constant, you will tend to have better earnings with your money.
Data Resp.: 20/04/2023 20:38:44
Explicação:
Answer: The results achieved were overall good considered the economic context of our country.
Feedback: Nominalizing sentences through turning subordinate clauses into reduced ones is done through the deletion of the subject of
the subordinate clause and the be verb and the transformation of the tense verb in a participle form. Thus the only option which presents
such a case is "The results achieved were overall good considered the economic context of our country".
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