LINGUA INGLESA - SINTAXE 3

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Exercício
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In modern syntactic studies, intransitive verbs can be divided in two groups: unergative and unaccusative. There
are many ways for distinguishing them and the subject semantic role is one of them: subjects of unergative verbs
are usually agents, whereas subjects of unnacusative are not. Based on it, what is the option with an unaccusative
verb?
What is the syntactic function of the underlined term in the sentence "the number of vegetarians is growing in
Brazil"?
LÍNGUA INGLESA: SINTAXE
Lupa  
 
DGT0621_202302072941_TEMAS
Aluno: STEFFANY AZEVEDO DE ABREU MAXIMO Matr.: 202302072941
Disc.: LÍNGUA INGLESA: SI  2023.3 EAD (G) / EX
Prezado (a) Aluno(a),
Você fará agora seu EXERCÍCIO! Lembre-se que este exercício é opcional, mas não valerá ponto para sua avaliação. O
mesmo será composto de questões de múltipla escolha.
Após responde cada questão, você terá acesso ao gabarito comentado e/ou à explicação da mesma. Aproveite para se
familiarizar com este modelo de questões que será usado na sua AV e AVS.
EM2120270FUNÇÕES SINTÁTICAS
 
1.
My oldest son can run really fast.
My mother sang all night long.
It¿s raining cats and dogs.
I walked through the woods.
His poor child fell.
Data Resp.: 31/10/2023 13:03:18
Explicação:
A resposta correta é: His poor child fell.
 
2.
Predicate.
Predicator.
Subject.
Predicative.
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javascript:diminui();
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javascript:aumenta();
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Analyze the following excerpt and choose the option that best explains the relationship between the relative clause
and its antecedent.
 
An of�cial with the California Air Resources Board, [which oversees the state's carbon-offset program], declined to
comment on CarbonPlan's �ndings.
Source: Forests Used as Carbon Offsets Are Going Up in Wild�re Flames - The New York Times (nytimes.com)
Mark the alternative presenting a relative pronoun that could replace which.
Not all things which are old get replaced with new.
Object.
Data Resp.: 31/10/2023 13:03:42
Explicação:
Aresposta correta é: Predicate.
03083AS ORAÇÕES SUBORDINADAS ADJETIVAS
 
3.
The nonrestrictive relative clause contains essential information to de�ne its referent "of�cial", explaining his
duties.
The nonrestrictive relative clause provides omissible information on the function of its referent, "the
California Air Resources Board".
The restrictive relative clause re�nes its referent "of�cial", explaining his duties.
The restrictive relative clause provides omissible information on the function of its referent, "the California
Air Resources Board".
The relative adverbial explains how its referent, "the California Air Resources Board", intends to reduce
carbon emissions.
Data Resp.: 31/10/2023 13:04:32
Explicação:
The use of the relative pronoun "which" is indicative of the fact that the referent of the relative clause is non-
human, in this case, "the California Air Resources Board". Besides, the use of comma or dash to set apart the
relative clause from the main clause is a distinctive trait of nonrestrictive relative clauses. Nonrestrictive
relative clauses provide additional information, that is, information that is omissible. The only correct option is
thus: The nonrestrictive relative clause provides omissible information on the function of its referent, "the
California Air Resources Board".
 
4.
Who
Whom
Why
That
Whose
Data Resp.: 31/10/2023 13:04:56
Explicação:
When the referent is non-human, which or that should be preferred. Therefore, only  that  is the correct
alternative.  Who  and  whom  refer to humans, while  why  refers to cause and  whose  to possession. Since this is
a restrictive relative clause  which  and  that  are interchangeable.
One case of inversion in English is formed by a group of clauses with opening auxiliary MAY used in a similar way to
express a strong wish, as we see in the following:
Sentences in English have interesting characteristics. In terms of word order patterns, it is correct to af�rm that:
Read the text below:
Virologist at Columbia University Angela Rasmussen suggests avoiding public transportation, if possible, especially
if crowded.
"Any type of public transportation that has a lot of people crowded together in an enclosed, poorly ventilated space
is an environment with increased transmission risk," Rasmussen tells Newsweek. "This especially applies to packed
subway cars or public buses."
Feinberg says there is not an issue with ventilation within subway cars; in fact, MTA's numbers surpass the
recommendation promoted by the CDC. [1] Though there are no standards for subway cars, the MTA has adapted
the guidelines for the air exchange rates for health care facilities. She says that [2] while the recommendation from
02915A INVERSÃO
 
5.
May I go home?
May I help you?
May I jump in?
May it be said that we agree!
May it eat now?
Data Resp.: 31/10/2023 13:05:16
Explicação:
The sentence "May it be said that we agree!" is the only case of inversion in English formed with opening
auxiliary MAY used in a similar way to express a strong wish. In the other options MAY is expressing either
permission or offer.
 
6.
negative sentences follow the prototypical canonical VS Word order.
negative sentences do not follow the prototypical canonical SV Word order.
af�rmative sentences do not follow the prototypical canonical SV Word order.
interrogative sentences follow the prototypical canonical SV Word order.
interrogative sentences do not follow the prototypical canonical SV word order.
Data Resp.: 31/10/2023 13:05:43
Explicação:
In English interrogative sentences are the only ones not to follow the prototypical canonical SV word order.
Af�rmative and negative sentences thus follow what is considered to be the canonical word order, that is, SV
(subject-verb). Interrogative sentences are the exception to the rule.
03082AS ORAÇÕES SUBORDINADAS ADVERBIAIS
 
7.
the CDC is 10 times per hour, the subway's numbers are upwards of 16 or 18 times per hour. "It doesn't mean we
are perfect, we are always looking for what else we can do," Feinberg says."But we are in a pretty good place there."
The issue of crowding, though, is really up to the rider, Feinberg adds.
Patience is key, the virologist explains. [3] If a train pulls up that is too crowded to allow for appropriate social
distancing, then wait for the next one.
(SCHONFELD, Alexandra. How Safe Is the New York City Subway Right Now? 2020. Newsweek Magazine.
Available at: https://www.newsweek.com/how-safe-new-york-city-subway-right-now-1521844. Accessed 
August31st , 2021)
What is the function of the Adverbial Clauses [1], [2], and [3] respectively?
Read the text below:
 
With restaurants, stores and even public pools and beaches now open after months of being shuttered, some New
Yorkers might wonder whether it's safe to swipe their Metrocards again and hop on the train or bus. Interim MTA
President Sarah Feinberg says, "It's time to come back."
In May, the MTA restricted its otherwise 24/7 service and began shutting down trains from 1 a.m. to 5 a.m. in order
to completely sanitize each car.
"We're doing 24/7 cleaning," Feinberg tells Newsweek. "But, it obviously is helpful for us to be able to have the
system completely free of all riders in those overnight hours, [1] in order that we can be particularly ef�cient."
In the beginning of March, [2] when the virus began affecting New York City, MTA workers were not allowed to
wear masks while on duty - in alignment with the CDC recommendations at the time. The ban was then lifted [3]
after there was a backlash from the Transport Workers Union Local 100, the New York Daily News reported. The
MTA reports that 4,110 MTA employees have tested positive for the virus as of July 29.
(SCHONFELD, Alexandra. How Safe Is the New York City Subway Right Now? 2020. Newsweek Magazine.
Available at: https://www.newsweek.com/how-safe-new-york-city-subway-right-now-1521844.Accessed
August31st , 2021)
The subordinators used in the dependent clauses [1], [2], and [3] can be respectively classi�ed as:
Time, Place, Manner
Reason, Purpose, Result
Place, Condition, Reason
Contrast, Time, Condition
Manner, Contrast, Place
Data Resp.: 31/10/2023 13:06:04
Explicação:
Contrast, Time, Condition (CORRECT). The subordinator THOUGH is used to convey CONTRAST. Subordinator
WHILE refers to TIME and the subordinator IF is used to indicate CONDITION. None of the subordinators used
in the highlighted clauses indicate Time, Place, or Manner. None of the subordinators used in the highlighted
clauses indicate Reason, Purpose, or Result.
 
8.
Complex, Simple, Simple
Simple, Simple, Complex
Simple, Complex, Simple
Simple, Simple, Simple
Complex, Complex, Complex
Data Resp.: 31/10/2023 13:07:06
Explicação:
Poor households with multiple children may expect girls [to help with household chores] and [care for younger
siblings and other family members].
Adapted from: Girls' Education Overview In: https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/girlseducation#1
Which option best describes the content of the clausal complements introduced by the verb phrase "may expect" in
the excerpt above?
The excerpts below refer to how NASA, the US space agency, has been trying to open up for women and promote
more diversity in the space sector. Now, mark the alternative in which the clausal complement does not play the
role of direct object:
Complex, Simple, Simple Complex (CORRECT). A complex subordinator contains more than one word, which is
the case of IN ORDER THAT. A Simple Subordinator is composed of only ONE word, which is the case of WHEN
and AFTER.
03613ORAÇÕES SUBORDINADAS SUBSTANTIVAS
 
9.
Certainty.
Fact, belief, doubt or perception.
Report.
Proposal.
Promise.
Data Resp.: 31/10/2023 13:08:02
Explicação:
Verbs such as "expect" and "hope" are called verbs of expectation and, with verbs of cognition (such as "think",
"know" and "believe"), they may describe facts, beliefs, doubts or perceptions. The only correct answer is thus:
fact, belief, doubt or perception, since ¿expect¿ does not refer to certainty, promise, report or proposal.
 
10.
The organisation Rocket Women aims [to inspire women] (¿)
She feels con�dent [the sector is changing].
She says careers need [to be more accessible for low-income marginalised communities].
She argues [that there should be a push for more inclusion across the board].
I think [that¿s probably even more exclusionary] if you are not white.
Data Resp.: 31/10/2023 13:08:33
Explicação:
In all excerpts, except for "She feels con�dent [the sector is changing]", the clausal complement functions as a
direct object, completing the verb from the main clause. In option "She feels con�dent [the sector is changing]",
the clausal complement completes the Subject Complement "con�dent". All the options were adapted from:
I can¿t remember feeling as excited about the future: redesigning space travel for women In
https://www.theguardian.com/careers/2021/jul/06/i-cant-remember-feeling-as-excited-about-the-future-
redesigning-space-travel-for-women
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Exercício inciado em 31/10/2023 13:02:55.