SIMULADO 1 GRAMÁTICA AVANÇADA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA

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1a
          Questão
	Acerto: 0,2  / 0,2
	
	Extrinsic modality refers to the logical probability of a given event. Bearing this in mind, choose the option that rephrases the fragment below with a modal conveying the highest degree of confidence.
 
"I think violet is really my color", she said pensively.
		
	
	I think violet might be my color.
	
	I think violet ought to be my color.
	 
	I think violet must be my color.
	
	I think violet may be my color.
	
	I think violet should be my color.
	Respondido em 01/11/2023 08:14:07
	
	Explicação:
"Must" and "will" convey modalized certainty, the highest degree of confidence implied by a modal. Therefore, the only possible option is "I think violet must be my color" since the other modal verbs either convey possibility or probability.
	
		2a
          Questão
	Acerto: 0,0  / 0,2
	
	Backshifting is a linguistic mechanism widely used in reporting. Choose the option in which backshifting has been carried out adequately.
		
	 
	He told his friends he was coming to the party now.
	
	He has told his friends he was coming to the party then.
	 
	He told his friends he was coming to the party then.
	
	He told his friends he is coming to the party now.
	
	He tells his friends he was coming to the party then.
	Respondido em 01/11/2023 08:15:51
	
	Explicação:
Whenever backshifting is at work, the deictic changes promoted are aimed at changing the viewpoint, the stance from which we look at the report. These changes include replacing adverbs of time, such as "now" and backshifting the verb tense, for instance. Yet, you must remember that no backshifting is needed when the reporting verb is in a present tense.
	
		3a
          Questão
	Acerto: 0,2  / 0,2
	
	There are basically six main uses of the Simple Past. Choose the option in which the Past Simple is used in a subordinate clause of condition to describe a hypothetical present.
		
	
	If the train could have left on time, I wouldn‛t have been late for work.
	
	It the train leaves on time, I may not be late for work.
	 
	If the train left on time, I wouldn‛t be late for work.
	
	It the train leaves on time, I won‛t be late for work.
	
	If the train had left on time, I wouldn‛t have been late for work.
	Respondido em 01/11/2023 08:37:40
	
	Explicação:
Option "If the train left on time, I wouldn¿t be late for work" describes a hypothetical meaning: in fact, I will be late for work because the train is not on time. The second conditional, in this case, thinks of how the situation would be if that was not the case. The other options either refer to the first conditional or the third conditional.
	
		4a
          Questão
	Acerto: 0,2  / 0,2
	
	Sentences perform a variety of discourse functions. Bearing this in mind, assess the following statements.
I. The function of conveying information is called directive.
II. The function to convey impressions about one¿s feeling is called exclamation.
III. Finally, the function of seeking information through language is called statement.
		
	 
	I-false; II-true; III- false.
	
	I-true; II-true; III- false.
	
	I-false; II-true; III- true.
	
	I-true; II- true; III- true.
	
	I-false; II-false; III- true.
	Respondido em 01/11/2023 08:16:47
	
	Explicação:
Statements convey information, exclamations convey one¿s impression and feelings and questions seek information through language. Therefore, the correct answer is I-false; II-true; III- false.
	
		5a
          Questão
	Acerto: 0,2  / 0,2
	
	Read the sentences below regarding the use of the pro-form one in the substitution of noun phrases:
 
I) One can be used either as a pro-form substitute for definite and indefinite elements. In both cases, it has the same syntactic and semantic function of the numeral one.
II) One can be used as a pro-form replacing indefinite nouns. In such cases, it has its plural form expressed by the term some.
III) Although one can be used as a noun replacing pro-form, it can only be employed to substitute indefinite nouns. In the case of definite nouns, determiners are used as pro-forms.
Choose the option below that presents a correct characterization of the assertions above.
		
	
	I - true, II - true, III - true.
	
	I - false, II - false, III - false.
	
	I - true, II - false, III - false.
	
	I - false, II - true, III - true.
	 
	I - false, II - true, III - false.
	Respondido em 01/11/2023 08:38:12
	
	Explicação:
The plural form of one when it replaces indefinite noun groups is, in fact, some. However, the pro-form one is not a numeral and it can actually replace also definite noun groups. Therefore, the correct answer is I - false, II - true, III - false.
	
		6a
          Questão
	Acerto: 0,2  / 0,2
	
	Intrinsic modality refers to social functions, such as giving advice, granting permission, making requests, expressing obligation. Choose the option that best interprets the sentence "you may not leave".
		
	 
	You are either not allowed to leave or allowed not to leave.
	
	You are allowed not to leave.
	
	You are not allowed to leave.
	
	It is possible that you will not leave.
	
	You are obliged to leave.
	Respondido em 01/11/2023 08:18:33
	
	Explicação:
The use of "may" in the negative form with the meaning of permission is ambiguous: both interpretations presented in alternative "You are either not allowed to leave or allowed not to leave are plausible". Furthermore, the modal in the sentence in question does not refer to obligation nor possibility.
	
		7a
          Questão
	Acerto: 0,2  / 0,2
	
	When transforming direct yes/ no questions into indirect ones, there is one detail we should pay attention to: the choice between ‛if‛ and ‛whether‛. Choose the context in which "whether" is more recurrent than "if".
		
	 
	Indirect rephrasing of yes/no questions in which there are alternatives to choose from.
	
	Indirect rephrasing of imperatives.
	
	Indirect rephrasing of direct yes/no questions.
	
	Direct rephrasing of indirect reports.
	
	Indirect rephrasing of wh- questions.
	Respondido em 01/11/2023 08:19:04
	
	Explicação:
Even though ‛if‛ and ‛whether‛ can be used quite interchangeably when reporting yes/no questions, "whether" predominates whenever there are alternatives someone needs to choose from.
	
		8a
          Questão
	Acerto: 0,2  / 0,2
	
	The progressive aspect emphasizes the ongoing nature of a circumstance or occurrence. Bearing this in mind, mark the option that best describes a characteristic of the progressive aspect.
		
	
	The event is immune to change.
	
	The event is perceived as complete.
	 
	The event is open to change and new developments.
	
	The event is perceived as remote.
	
	The event or action is described as permanent.
	Respondido em 01/11/2023 08:19:29
	
	Explicação:
The progressive aspect "be + ing" reminds us of the action¿s incompleteness - far from being a stable whole, the event is still ongoing and, therefore, cannot be considered immune to change, interruption and further developments.
	
		9a
          Questão
	Acerto: 0,0  / 0,2
	
	The sentences below refer to the definition and typification of yes-no questions. Read them carefully.
 
I - Although they may play a variety of discursive functions, yes-no questions can only be typified based on their form.
II - Functionally, yes-no questions are the ones that conditionate affirmation, negation, or modality in between both poles.
III - In terms of form, yes-no questions are the ones in which usually the sentence operator is placed before the object of the sentence.
 
Choose the option which brings a correct characterization of the assertions above:
		
	
	I - false; II - true; III - true.
	
	I - true; II - true; III - true.
	 
	I - false; II - true; III - false.
	 
	I - false; II - false; III - false.
	
	I - true; II - false; III - false.
	Respondido em 01/11/2023 08:38:17
	
	Explicação:
Yes-no questions are typified in termsof form and function, being their function the conditioning of an affirmative, negative or modal answer and their form characterized usually by the presence of a sentence operator before the subject. Therefore, I - false, II - true, III - false.
	
		10a
          Questão
	Acerto: 0,0  / 0,2
	
	Regarding the employment of ¿do¿ as a pro-form clausal substitute, read the statements below: 
 
I) The use of do as an intransitive pro-form tends to be common in England, although this form is not observed in British English. 
II) In its intransitive form, the verb do tends to appear together with the operator so.
III) In the structure do so,so functions as the direct complement of the transitive do.
Choose the option below that characterizes correctly the assertions:
		
	 
	I - false, II - true, III - true.
	
	I - true, II - false, III - true.
	 
	I - false, II - false, III - true.
	
	I - true, II - true, III - true.
	
	I - false, II - false, III - false.
	Respondido em 01/11/2023 08:36:16
	
	Explicação:
In its intransitive form, do appears by itself and its proper of the British variety of English. In the expression do so, so is the direct object complementing do. Therefore, I - false, II - false, III - true.