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209. UFMT
( ) A criação de embriões humanos dará destaque à Inglaterra.
( ) Quando o artigo foi escrito, a clonagem terapêutica já estava legalizada.
( ) Os cientistas responsáveis pela criação dos clones humanos são da mesma equipe
que criou Dolly.
210. UFMT
( ) Houve falta de quorum no parlamento para boicotar a votação sobre a criação dos
embriões humanos.
( ) Existe legislação que regulamenta questões sobre clonagem de bebês.
( ) current ban (l. 14) significa proibição atual.
( ) O destino de Dolly também será definido pela votação do parlamento.
Genetic Engineering
Getting rid of a parasite
Malaria kills two people every minute, reports the World Health Organisation. While there are
efforts to develop a vaccine, some researchers are taking a different track: they are genetically
manipulating mosquitoes so that they simply can’t transmit the malaria-causing parasite Plasmodium
falciparum.
Researchers for the first time reported a way to genetically manipulate the mosquito strain
Anopheles stephensi, one of the major malaria carriers in India. The researchers first packaged a
gene for florescence (for tracking purposes) together with a fruit-fly gene that can jump from one
place in a segment of DNA to another. The two genes were spliced into a circular piece of DNA
and then injected into A. stephensi eggs. The fruit-fly gene jumped into the mosquito genome,
taking the florescent gene with it. In theory, the florescent gene could be swapped with a gene for
some other trait.
Some mosquito strains cannot transmit P. falciparum even though they are infected with the
parasite, explains Andrea Crisanti, one of the researchers at Imperial College of Science, Technology
& Medicine in London. Scientists first want to use genetic manipulation to understand why some
mosquitoes cannot transmit the parasite. Once that process is better understood, it will open the
possibility of replacing the wild population of malaria-carrying mosquitoes with an engineered
strain that cannot transmit the parasite.
Given the studies assessing ecological impact that have yet to be done, it’s unlikely that scientists
will be unleashing engineered mosquitoes soon. Meanwhile, the National Institute of Health is
trying to hash out guidelines on how such research should proceed. — G. S.
(Adapted from Popular Science, Medicine and Health. October 2000, p. 32)
211. Fempar-PR According to the information from the text, use T for true, F for false and M
for maybe.
( ) Researchers are trying to find a vaccine against malaria, a disease caused by the
parasite Plasmodium falciparum.
( ) Anopheles stephensi is a species of malaria carrier which exists both in India and in
Africa.
( ) The efforts to develop a vaccine to avoid the malaria transmission will be successful.
( ) All mosquitoes infected with P. falciparum parasite can transmit malaria.
( ) The National Institute of Health is trying to create rules on how the research should
proceed about engineered mosquitoes.
The correct sequence is:
a) F – F – M – F – T
b) T – F – M – F – T
c) T – M – F – T – F
d) F – T – T – T – M
e) T – T – M – T – F
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212. Fempar-PR There are two groups of people involved with studies on how to avoid the
transmission of malaria. It is correct to say that both of them:
a) are still looking for a solution to the malaria transmission.
b) are using ecological methods.
c) are spending a lot of money on their projects.
d) have already concluded the studies.
e) are trying to build a special laboratory to study that disease.
213. Fempar-PR Choose the alternative that shows two different actions:
a) The National Institute of Health is trying to hash out guidelines on how such research
should proceed.
b) While scientists make efforts to develop a vaccine, some researchers are genetically
manipulating mosquitoes.
c) The two genes were spliced into a circular piece of DNA.
d) Some engineered mosquitoes cannot transmit the malaria-causing parasite.
e) It’s unlikely that scientists will be unleashing engineered mosquitoes soon.
214. Fempar-PR In the third paragraph, the words “that process” are related to the following
fact:
a) Researchers are genetically manipulating mosquitoes for developing a vaccine.
b) The National Institute of Health is developing an ecological project in order to avoid
vaccine production.
c) In some years there will be a large population of engineered strain of malaria-causing
mosquitoes.
d) Some mosquito strains do not transmit Plasmodium falciparum even though they are
infected with the parasite.
e) The Indian people are facing a big problem caused by the malaria transmission.
Six pandas born in baby boom at China reserve
“BEIJING (Reuters) China’s Wolong Giant Panda Reserve has had a baby boom with six cubs
born in four days,” scientists said on Friday.
“Ten-year-old mother Bai Xue (White Snow) bore twins last Sunday and two days later a female
known as Number 20 had a cub. Another set of twins and a single cub were born on Thursday,”
the panda researchers said.
“The cubs were in good health and receiving round-the-clock care at the 494,200-acre reserve
in the southwestern province of Sichuan,” they added.
The giant panda is China’s national symbol. But it is an endangered species, with just 1,000
animals believed to exist in the wild, where they are threatened by human encroachment and the
rampant logging that has plagued China’s forests.”
(From The Internet, CNN.com.nature, September 9, 2000.)
215. UFPE The main idea of the text is:
a) Researchers observed a sudden reduction in the pandas’ birth rate at a China reserve.
b) There was a sudden increase in the pandas’ birth rate at a China reserve.
c) The giant panda is China’s national symbol.
d) The China reserve has created a special panda nursery.
e) Scientists believe that there are only about 1,000 pandas in the wild in China.
216. UFPE In “But it is an endangered species …” the connective “BUT” gives the idea of:
a) consequence. d) addition.
b) conclusion. e) emphasis.
c) contrast.