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U N IV E R SI D A D E F E D E R A L D O P A R Á C E N T R O T E C N O L Ó G IC O D E P A R T A M E N T O D E E N G E N H A R IA Q U ÍM IC A D IS C IP L IN A : F E N Ô M E N O S D E T R A N SP O R T E S I C O N V E R Sà O D E U N ID A D E S D im en sõ es U ni da de s no S is te m a G ra nd ez a F ís ic a M L T F L T C G S M K S (S I) F P S E ng en ha ri a C om pr im en to L L cm m ft ft M as sa M F L -1 T 2 g K g lb sl ug T em po T T s s se c se c V el oc id ad e L T -1 L T -1 cm /s m /s ft /s ec ft /s ec A ce le ra çã o L T -2 L T -2 cm /s 2 m /s 2 ft /s ec 2 ft /s ec 2 F or ça M L T -2 F g. cm /s 2 = D in a kg .m /s 2 = N ew to n (N ) lb .f t/ se c2 = P ou nd al sl ug .f t/ se c2 = lb f Q ua nt id ad e de M ov im en to M L T -1 F T D in a. s N .s P dl .s ec lb f.s ec E ne rg ia e T ra ba lh o M L 2 T -2 F L D in a. cm = E rg N .m = Jo ul e (J ) P dl .f t lb f.f t P ot ên ci a M L 2 T -3 F L T -1 E rg /s Jo ul e/ s = W at t (W ) P dl .f t/ se c lb f .f t/ se c T or qu e M L 2 T -2 F L E rg Jo ul e P dl .f t lb f.f t P re ss ão e T en sã o M L -1 T -2 F L -2 D in a/ cm 2 N /m 2 = P as ca l ( P a) P dl /f t2 lb fft 2 (p .s .f .) D en si da de M L -3 F L -4 T 2 g/ cm 3 K g/ m 3 lb /f t3 sl ug /f t3 V is co si da de D in âm ic a M L -1 T -1 F L -2 T g/ cm .s (p oi se ) K g/ m .s lb /f t. se c = P dl .s ec /f t2 sl ug /f t. se c = lb f.s ec /f t2 V is co si da de C in em át ic a L 2 T -1 L 2 T -1 cm 2 / s = St ok es ( St ) m 2 / s ft 2 / se c ft 2 / se c T en sã o Su pe rf ic ia l M T -2 F L -1 D in a/ cm N /m P dl /f t lb f/f t V el oc id ad e A ng ul ar T -1 T -1 ra d. /s ra d. /s ra d. /s ec ra d. /s ec M om en to d e In ér ci a M L 2 F L T 2 g. cm 2 kg .m 2 lb .f t2 sl ug .f t2 V az ão V ol um ét ri ca L 3 T -1 L 3 T -1 cm 3 / s m 3 / s ft 3 / se c (c .f .s ) ft 3 / se c (c .f .s .) V az ão M ás si ca M T -1 F L -1 T -1 g/ s kg /s lb /s ec sl ug /s ec C O N V E R Sà O D E U N ID A D E S 1. 1 - C om pr im en to , Á re a e V ol um e: C om pr im en to ( L ) 1K m = 1 03 m 1 cm = 1 0 2 m 1 m m = 10 3 m 1m íc ro n (! ) = 1 0 6 m 1 m il im íc ro n (m ! ) = 1 0 9 m 1 ân gs tr on ( A ) = 1 0 10 m 1f t = 1 2i n = 3 0, 48 cm 1 in = 2 ,5 4c m 1 m = 3 9, 32 in = 3 ,2 8f t 1m il ha = 1 ,6 09 K m = 1 .6 09 m Á re a ( A ) 1f t2 = 1 44 m 2 = 9 29 cm 2 1m 2 = 1 0, 76 ft 2 = 1 04 cm 2 V ol um e ( V ) 1L = 10 3 c m 3 = 6 1, 02 m 3 = 0 ,0 35 32 ft 3 1 m 3 = 1 03 L = 3 5, 32 ft 3 1f t3 = 7 ,4 81 U S g al ão = 0 ,0 28 32 m 3 = 2 8, 32 L 1 U S g al ão = 2 31 in 3 = 3, 78 5L 1 g al ão im pe ri al = 1 ,2 01 U S g al ão 1. 2 - M as sa : " # X K g g ut m lb oz sl ug O bs er va çã o K g 1 10 3 0, 10 2 2, 20 5 35 ,2 8 6, 85 x1 0 2 Q ui lo gr am a g 10 3 1 1, 02 x1 0 4 2, 2x 10 3 35 ,3 x1 0 3 6, 85 x1 0- 5 gr am a ut m 9, 80 66 5 98 06 ,6 5 1 21 ,6 2 34 6 0, 67 un id . T éc . d e m as sa lb 0, 45 35 45 3, 5 4, 62 x1 0 2 1 16 3, 1x 10 2 li br a- m as sa oz 2, 83 x1 0 2 28 ,3 2, 9x 10 3 6, 25 x1 0 2 1 1, 9x 10 3 on ça sl ug 14 ,5 9 14 58 9 1, 49 32 ,1 7 51 4, 7 1 __ __ _ 1. 3 - V el oc id ad e: 1. 4 - D en si da de A bs ol ut a: " # X K m /h m /s no ft /s " # X K g/ m 3 g/ cm 3 lb /f t3 K m /h 1 0, 28 0, 54 0, 91 K g/ m 3 1 10 3 6, 25 .1 0 2 m /s 3, 6 1 1, 94 3, 28 g/ cm 3 10 3 1 62 ,5 no 1, 85 2 0, 51 1 1, 59 lb /f t3 16 1, 6. 10 2 1 ft /s 1, 1 0, 30 48 0, 59 1 1 .5 - F or ça : " # X di na N K gf pd l lb f O bs er va çõ es di na 1 10 5 0, 10 2x 10 -5 7, 23 x1 0 5 2, 3x 10 6 di na N 10 5 1 0, 10 2 7, 23 0, 22 5 N ew to n K gf 98 06 65 9, 80 66 5 1 70 ,9 5 2, 20 5 qu ilo gr am a- fo rç a pd l 13 82 3 0, 13 8 1, 41 x1 0 2 1 3, 1x 10 2 po un da l lb f 4, 45 x1 0 5 4, 45 0, 45 3 32 ,1 7 1 li br a- fo rç a 1. 6 - P re ss ão : " # X P a at m ba r ba K gf /m 2 at lb f/ ft 2 ps i T or r in H g P a 1 9, 86 9. 10 6 10 5 10 10 ,2 .1 0- 2 10 ,2 .1 0 6 20 ,9 .1 0 3 1, 45 .1 0 4 7, 5. 10 3 2, 95 .1 0 4 at m 10 13 25 1 1, 01 32 5 1, 01 3. 10 6 10 ,3 3. 10 3 1, 03 3 21 16 14 ,6 95 9 76 0 29 ,92 ba r 10 5 9, 87 .1 0 1 1 10 6 10 ,2 .1 03 1, 02 20 88 ,5 14 ,5 75 0 29 ,5 3 ba 10 1 9, 87 .1 0 7 10 6 1 10 ,2 .1 0 3 10 ,2 .1 0 7 2, 09 .1 0 3 14 ,5 .1 0 6 7, 5. 10 4 29 ,5 .1 0 6 K gf /m 2 9, 80 66 5 9, 68 .1 0 5 9, 8. 10 5 98 1 10 4 20 ,5 .1 0 2 14 ,2 .1 0 4 73 5. 10 4 28 ,9 .1 0 4 at 98 06 6, 5 9, 68 .1 0 1 9, 8. 10 1 98 .1 05 10 4 1 20 48 14 ,2 73 5, 56 28 ,9 58 lb f/ ft 2 47 ,8 8 47 ,2 6. 10 5 4, 79 .1 0 4 47 8, 8 4, 88 4, 9. 10 4 1 69 ,4 .1 0 4 36 .1 0 4 14 .1 0 3 ps i 68 94 ,8 6, 80 .1 0 2 6, 9. 10 2 68 ,9 5. 10 3 70 3 70 3. 10 4 14 4 1 51 ,7 2, 04 T or r 13 3, 3 13 ,2 .1 0 4 1, 33 .1 0 1 13 33 13 ,5 95 13 ,6 .1 0 4 2, 78 19 ,3 .1 0 3 1 39 ,4 .1 0 3 in H g 33 86 ,5 3, 34 .1 0 2 33 ,9 .1 0 3 33 86 5 34 5, 3 34 5. 10 4 70 ,7 3 49 .1 0 2 25 ,4 1 O bs er va çõ es : Pa sc al at m os fe ra f ís ic a ou n or m al ba r bá ri a -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- at m os fe ra té cn ic a = 1 kg f/ cm 2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- lb f/ in 2 T or ri ce lli = 1 m m H g po le ga da d e m er cú ri o 1. 7 - E ne rg ia e T ra ba lh o: " # X J K J L .a tm ca l K ca l K gf .m B tu lb f. ft J 1 10 -3 98 ,7 .1 0 4 23 8, 8. 10 5 23 ,9 .1 0 5 10 ,2 .1 0 2 94 ,8 .1 0 5 73 7, 5. 10 7 K J 10 3 1 98 ,7 .1 0 1 23 8, 85 23 ,9 .1 0 2 10 1, 97 94 ,8 .1 0 2 73 7, 5 L .a tm 10 1, 32 5 10 1, 3. 10 3 1 24 ,2 24 ,2 .1 0 3 10 ,3 3 96 .1 0 3 74 ,7 3 ca l 4, 18 68 4, 19 .1 0 3 4, 13 .1 0 2 1 10 3 42 6, 9. 10 4 39 ,7 .1 0 4 3, 09 K ca l 4, 18 7. 10 3 4, 18 68 41 ,3 1 10 3 1 42 6, 9 3, 97 3, 09 .1 03 K gf .m 9, 80 66 5 9, 8. 10 3 96 ,8 .1 0 3 2, 34 2, 3. 10 3 1 93 .1 0 4 7, 2 B tu 10 55 10 55 .1 0 3 10 ,4 13 25 2 0, 25 2 10 7, 59 1 77 8, 16 5 lb f. ft 1, 35 6 1, 36 .1 0 3 1, 3. 10 2 0, 32 4 3, 2. 10 4 13 8, 3. 10 3 12 ,9 .1 0 4 1 O bs er va çõ es : B tu # U ni da de T ér m ic a B ri tâ ni ca J # J ou le ca l# c al or ia 1. 8 - V is co si da de D in âm ic a: " # X P K g/ m .s K g/ m .h K gf .s /m 2 K gf .h /m 2 lb /f t.s lb f. s/ ft 2 P 1 0, 1 36 0 0, 01 01 97 2, 83 3. 10 6 0, 06 72 1 2, 08 85 .1 0 5 K g/ m .s 10 1 36 00 0, 10 19 7 2, 83 3. 10 5 0, 67 21 2, 08 85 .1 0 2 K g/ m .h 2, 77 8. 10 3 2, 77 8. 10 4 1 2, 83 3. 10 5 78 ,6 8. 10 1 0 18 ,6 7. 10 5 5, 80 1. 10 6 K gf .s /m 2 98 ,0 7 9, 80 7 35 3, 04 .1 02 1 2, 77 8. 10 4 6, 59 19 0, 20 48 2 K gf .h /m 2 35 3, 04 .1 03 35 3, 04 .1 02 12 7, 09 .1 06 36 00 1 23 73 0 73 7, 28 lb /f t.s 14 ,8 82 1, 48 82 53 57 0, 15 17 5 4, 21 4. 10 5 1 0, 03 10 8 lb f. s/ ft 2 47 8, 8 47 ,8 8 17 2, 4. 10 3 4, 88 2 1, 35 6. 10 3 32 ,1 74 1 (P )* # P oi se = s cm g c m s di na 2 $ % $ 1. 9 - P ot ên ci a: " # X W K W cv hp K J/ h K J/ m in K ca l/ h K ca l / m in K ca l/ s W 1 10 3 1, 36 .1 0 3 1, 34 .1 0 3 3, 6 0, 06 0, 85 98 1, 43 .1 0 2 2, 39 .1 0 4 K W 10 3 1 1, 36 1, 34 3, 6. 10 3 60 85 9, 8 14 ,3 3 0, 23 9 cv 73 5, 5 0, 73 6 1 0, 98 68 26 47 ,8 44 ,1 3 63 2, 41 10 ,5 4 0, 17 57 hp 74 5, 3 0, 74 5 1, 01 3 1 26 83 44 ,7 2 64 0, 8 10 ,6 8 0, 17 8 K J/ h 0, 27 8 27 8. 10 4 3, 78 .1 0 4 3, 73 .1 0 4 1 1, 7. 10 2 0, 23 9 3, 98 .1 0 3 6, 64 .1 0 5 K J/ m in 16 ,6 7 1, 67 .1 0 2 2, 27 .1 0 2 2, 24 .1 0 2 60 1 14 ,3 3 0, 23 9 3, 98 .1 0 3 K ca l/ h 1, 16 3 1, 16 .1 0 3 1, 58 .1 0 3 1, 56 .1 0 3 4, 18 7 6, 97 .1 0 2 1 1, 67 .1 0 2 2, 78 .1 0 4 K ca l/ m in 69 ,7 8 6, 9. 10 2 9, 49 .1 0 2 9, 36 .1 0 2 25 1, 2 4, 18 7 60 1 1. 67 .1 0 2 K ca l/ s 41 86 ,8 4, 18 6 5, 69 5, 61 8 15 07 2 25 1, 2 36 00 60 1 K gf .m /h 2, 7. 10 3 2, 7. 10 6 3, 7. 10 6 3, 65 .1 0 6 9, 81 .1 0 3 1, 63 .1 0 4 2, 34 .1 0 3 3, 9. 10 5 6, 5. 10 7 K gf .m /m in 0, 16 34 1, 63 .1 0 4 2, 22 .1 0 4 2, 19 .1 0 4 0, 58 84 9, 81 .1 0 4 0, 14 1 2, 34 .1 0 3 3, 90 .1 0 5 K gf .m /s 9, 80 66 5 9, 8. 10 3 1, 33 .1 0 2 1, 32 .1 0 2 35 ,3 0, 58 84 8, 43 2 0, 14 1 2, 34 .1 0 3 B tu /h 0, 29 3 2, 93 .1 0 4 3, 98 .1 0 4 3, 93 .1 0 4 1, 05 5 1, 76 .1 0 2 0, 25 2 4, 2. 10 3 7. 10 5 B tu /m in 17 ,5 8 1, 76 .1 0 2 2, 39 .1 0 2 1, 36 .1 0 2 63 ,3 1, 05 5 15 ,1 2 0, 25 2 4, 2. 10 3 B tu /s 10 55 1, 05 5 1, 43 5 1, 41 6 37 98 ,3 63 ,3 90 7, 2 15 ,1 2 0, 25 2 lb f. ft /h 3, 77 .1 0 4 3, 77 .1 0 7 5, 12 .1 0 7 5, 05 .1 0 7 1, 36 .1 0 3 2, 26 .1 0 5 3, 24 .1 0 4 5, 4. 10 6 9. 10 8 lb f. ft /m in 22 ,6 .1 0 3 2, 26 .1 0 5 3, 07 .1 0 5 3, 03 .1 0 5 8, 14 .1 0 2 1, 36 .1 03 1, 94 .1 0 2 3, 24 .1 0 4 5, 4. 10 6 lb f. ft /s 1, 35 6 1, 35 .1 0 3 1, 84 .1 0 3 1, 18 .1 0 3 4, 88 8, 14 .1 0 2 1, 16 6 1, 94 .1 0 2 3, 24 .1 0 4 C on ti nu a na p ró xi m a pá gi na # 1. 9 - P ot ên ci a (c on ti nu aç ão ): " # X K gf .m /h K gf .m / m in K gf .m /s B tu /h B tu /m in B tu /s lb f. ft /h lb f. ft / m in lb f. ft /s W 36 7, 1 6, 12 0, 10 2 3, 41 2 5, 68 .1 0 2 9, 48 .1 0 4 26 55 44 ,2 5 0, 73 75 K W 3, 67 .1 0 5 61 18 10 1, 97 34 12 56 ,8 0, 94 8 2, 66 .1 06 4, 43 .1 04 73 7, 5 cv 2, 7. 10 5 45 00 75 25 09 ,6 41 ,8 3 0, 69 7 1, 95 .1 06 3, 26 .1 04 54 2, 5 hp 2, 74 .1 05 45 60 76 25 43 42 ,3 8 0, 70 6 1, 98 .1 06 2, 4. 10 4 54 9, 7 K J/ h 10 7, 97 1, 66 95 2, 83 .1 0 2 0, 94 78 1, 58 .1 0 2 2, 63 .1 0 4 73 7, 53 12 ,2 9 0, 20 5 K J/ m in 61 18 ,3 10 1, 97 1, 69 95 56 ,8 7 0, 94 78 1, 58 .1 0 2 4, 43 .1 04 73 7, 5 12 ,2 9 K ca l/ h 42 6, 93 7, 11 6 0, 11 86 3, 96 8 6, 61 .1 0 2 1, 1. 10 3 30 88 51 ,5 0, 85 8 K ca l/ m in 2, 56 .1 04 42 6, 9 7, 12 23 8, 1 3, 96 8 6, 61 .1 0 2 1, 85 .1 05 30 88 51 ,5 K ca l/ s 1, 54 .1 06 2, 56 .1 04 42 6, 9 1, 43 .1 04 23 8, 09 3, 96 8 1, 11 .1 07 1, 85 .1 05 30 88 K gf .m /h 1 1, 67 .1 0 2 2, 78 .1 0 4 9, 3. 10 3 1, 5. 10 4 2, 58 .1 0 6 7, 23 0, 12 2. 10 3 K gf .m /m in 60 1 1, 67 .1 0 2 0, 55 8 9, 3. 10 3 1, 55 .1 0 4 43 4 7, 23 0, 12 K gf .m /s 36 00 60 1 33 ,4 6 0, 55 77 9, 3. 10 3 26 03 8 43 4 7, 23 B tu /h 10 7, 6 1, 79 3 3. 10 2 1 1, 67 .1 0 2 2, 78 .1 0 4 77 8, 15 12 ,9 7 0, 21 6 B tu /m in 64 55 ,3 10 7, 6 1, 79 3 60 1 1, 67 .1 0 2 46 68 9 77 8, 15 12 ,9 7 B tu /s 3, 87 .1 05 64 55 ,3 10 7, 6 36 00 60 1 2, 8. 10 6 46 68 9 77 8, 15 lb f. ft /h 0, 13 8 2, 3. 10 3 3, 8. 10 5 1, 3. 10 3 2, 14 .1 0 5 3, 57 .1 0 7 1 1, 67 .1 0 2 2, 78 .1 0 4 lb f. ft /m in 8, 29 6 0, 13 8 2, 3. 10 3 7, 7. 10 2 1, 3. 10 3 2, 1. 10 5 60 1 1, 67 .1 0 2 lb f. ft /s 49 7, 74 8, 29 6 0, 13 8 4, 62 6 7, 71 .1 0 2 1, 3. 10 3 36 00 60 1 O bs er va çõ es : cv # c av al o va po r hp # c av al o de p ot ên ci a W # W at t = sJ 1. 10 - C on du ti vi da de T ér m ic a [k ]: " # X C cm .ºW C m .h .º K ca l C cm .s .º ca l F .h .º ftB tu .in 2 F ft .h .º B tu F in .h .º B tu C cm .ºW 1 85 ,9 85 0, 23 88 5 69 3, 5 57 ,7 9 4, 81 5 C m .h .º K ca l 0, 01 16 3 1 2, 77 8. 10 3 8, 06 4 0, 67 19 0, 05 59 9 C cm .s .º ca l 4, 18 68 36 0 1 29 03 24 1, 9 20 ,1 6 F .h .º ftB tu .in 2 1, 44 2. 10 3 0, 12 40 3, 44 5. 10 4 1 0, 08 33 3 6, 94 4. 10 3 F ft .h .º B tu 1, 73 1. 10 2 1, 48 8 4, 13 4. 10 3 12 1 0, 08 33 3 F in .h .º B tu 0, 20 77 17 ,8 58 4, 96 4. 10 2 14 4 12 1 O bs er va çã o: C m .ºW 2 10 C cm .ºW 1 % 1. 11 - C oe fi ci en te d e T ra ns m is sã o de C al or [ h] : " # X C .º cm W 2 Cº m W 2 C .h .º m K ca l 2 C .s .º cm ca l 2 F .h .º ft B tu 2 C .º cm W 2 1 10 4 85 98 ,5 0, 23 88 5 17 61 Cº m W 2 10 4 1 0, 85 98 5 2, 38 9. 10 5 0, 17 61 C .h .º m K ca l 2 1, 16 3. 10 4 1, 16 3 1 2, 77 8. 10 5 0, 20 48 C .s .º cm ca l 2 4, 18 68 4, 18 68 .1 04 3, 6. 10 4 1 73 73 F .h .º ft B tu 2 5, 68 1. 10 4 5, 68 1 4, 88 6 1, 35 6. 10 4 1 1. 12 - V is co si da de C in em át ic a (& ) , T em pe ra tu ra , D en si da de ( ') e  ng ul o: V is co si da de C in em át ic a 1S to ke ( S t) = 1 02 c en tis to ke s (c St ) = 1, 07 6. 10 3 ft 2 / se c 1f t2 /s ec = 9 29 00 ( cS t) = 0 ,0 1 (S t) T em pe ra tu ra K = º C + 2 73 ,1 5 = 95 R R = º F + 4 59 ,6 7 = 59 K ºC = 95 ( ºF 3 2) = K 2 73 ,1 5 ºF = 59 º C + 3 2 = R - 4 59 ,6 7 D en si da de 1g /c m 3 = 1 0 3 K g/ m 3 = 6 2, 43 lb /f t3 = 1 ,9 4 sl ug /f t3 1l b/ ft 3 = 0 ,0 16 02 g/ cm 3 1s lu g/ ft 3 = 0 ,5 15 4g /c m 3  ng ul o 1r ad = 5 7, 29 6º 1 º = 0 ,0 17 45 3r ad
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