Jornal.26.08.013

Prévia do material em texto

UFPE - Curso de Jornalismo
Língua inglesa instrumental
Prof. Araken G. Barbosa
Aula de: 26.08.013 
Conectivos (linking words) 
Palavras que atuam como elemento de ligação ente as ideias de um texto; contidas num mesmo parágrafo ou em parágrafos distintos.
Abaixo apresentamos uma lista de conectivos com suas funções:
	Noção:
	Conectivo:
	Acréscimo ou complementação
	Again, And, Also, besides, Furthermore, moreover.
	Contraste
	But, However, By contrast, On the other hand, On the contrary, Instead, Otherwise, Nevertheless, unlike, in contrast, yet.
	Comparação
	In the same way, similarly, In like manner, Correspondingly, Likewise.
	Ênfase
	In fact, Certainly, actually, Indeed, As a matter of fact.
	Concessão
	Although, though, Even though, Even so, In spite of, Despite.
	Ilustração de um tópico ou exemplificação
	For example (e.g.), That is, In particular, Such as, For instance, in other words, As an example, like.
	Causa e efeito
	As a result, Thus, consequently, Accordingly, so, As a consequence, In consequence, Therefore, Then, Hence, For this reason, Because of this, As a result.
	Conclusão
	In summary, Finally, To sum up, In conclusion, In short.
	Alternância
	Either…or, Alternatively.
	Condição
	If, If…then, whether.
	Sequência
	First, second, next, then, after, soon, subsequently, Finally, above all, after all, before that, as soon as, since.
	Tempo
	Till, until, when, at last, at that time, at the same time, afterwards, soon afterward, while, whenever, meanwhile.
Atividade 01:
Leia o texto que vem a seguir observando os fatores que possibilitam a coesão gramatical e classifique os conectivos que houver de acordo com suas funções:
Medicine – The Dark side of Halcion
Should millions of Americans be popping a sleeping pill banned in Britain for causing amnesia and depression?
	“When Halcion was first approved for sale in the U.S in 1982, doctors thought they had found the perfect sleeping pill. Like its chemical cousins Librium and Valium, it was safer than barbiturates. As an added bonus, Halcion did not linger in the body the way most of its predecessors did, and therefore it did not leave people groggy the next day. Within a few years, the drug, produced by Upjohn of Kalamazoo, Michigan, became the most prescribed sleeping pill in the world. In 1990 American pharmacists filled more than seven million orders. Satisfied customers include U.S. Secretary of State James Baker, who finds Halcion handy on long plane trips. “Time for a blue bomb,” he sometimes announces before naps, referring to the color of a 0.25 mg Halcion pill.
	Like most drugs, however, Halcion has a dark side after all. In the mid-1980s, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration began receiving more and more reports of side effects from the drug – everything from amnesia to agitation. The increase could be explained by the rising number of people taking Halcion, but the drug got some bad publicity when a Utah woman killed her mother while on Halcion and sued the manufacturer. Upjohn settled the case out of court, all the while denying that the drug was to blame for the murder.
	Now Halcion is facing its most serious challenge yet. Last week the British Department of Health banned sales of the drug in Britain, citing new evidence that the pill “is associated with a much higher frequency of side effects, particularly memory loss and depression,” than similar medications. Soon afterward, the FDA promised to take a much closer look at the drug.
	Already the British ban is proving just as controversial as the drug. Many researchers contend that the media have exaggerated Halcion’s dangers. “This is sensationalism at its worst,” says Dr. James Walsh, president of the American Sleep Disorders Association. “There is no scientific justification for this action.” But at least a few scientists believe Halcion should be banned in the U.S. “It is clear that this is a dangerous drug,” says Dr. Anthony Kales of the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine.
	Halcion acts on the brain’s limbic system, which plays a major role in the genesis of sleep and the emotions. Because it lasts in the body only a matter of hours, it can trigger a boomerang effect, unleashing the very anxiety it was meant to tame. Adverse reactions become more common the higher the dose. Doses of as much as 1.0 mg were once prescribed in Europe, but the recommended dose is now only 0.25 mg. In most cases where Halcion has allegedly been linked to violent behavior, the people took more than is deemed safe, had been drinking alcohol, or had been on the drug for a long period of time.
	Physicians cannot prevent patients from taking more tablets than instructed. But following all the publicity about the abuse of Valium in years past, doctors should be more alert to the dangers of overreliance on tranquilizers and sleeping pills. Even if the FDA does not find the evidence against Halcion strong enough to ban the drug it should be used less cavalierly.”
	Source: GORMAN, Christine. Time. Vol. 138, nº 15 October 14, 1991, p.35.
	
Atividade 02- Leia o texto abaixo e responda ao que se pede:
Texto
	“Affective factors seem to be one of foreign teacher’s biggest worries. This concern is relevant, since according to experts in the field, feelings like anxiety, interest and the desire to be (or not to be) part of the foreign language speaking community may either contribute to or halt foreign language acquisition. Richard Amato (1998) says that the affective domain include several factors which may influence the learning of a foreign language (FL). According to this author these factors interact to form patterns which generally operate in the student’s subconscious. These patterns are related to: the student’s motivation to learn a FL language and the student’s level of anxiety.
	All these patterns are influenced by the learner’s level of accumulation and his/her personality traits. The level of accumulation determines the individual’s attitude towards learning a FL. It is related to how the learner reacts in relation to the language itself and to the people who speak this language. If the learner likes the foreign language and its speakers, s/he will probably have a positive attitude towards it. However if the student does not like this language or what it represents, his/her attitude can be really negative and spoil the learning process. To make it clear, we could think of people who would reject learning a foreign language for political reasons.
	The personality traits which influence the patterns of affective factors, on the other hand, refer to the learner’s perception of him/herself and, according to H. Douglas Brown, include aspects such as: self-esteem, inhibition, extroversion, risk taking, empathy, and, of course, anxiety.”
	Source: GAZOTTI, Maria Aparecida – New Routes. March, 2000, P. 30
Que título você daria para o texto acima?
Qual a sentença tópico?
Que frases ou locuções apoiam a ideia principal?
O autor usou conectivos? – Identifique-os.
O que fez o autor para dar apoio à frase tópico? – Explicou? Comparou? Contrastou? Ou exemplificou?- Através de quê?
Como o escritor terminou o texto? O que ele fez no fim: resumiu o tópico? Fez uma pergunta? Introduziu novas ideias? Indicou tendências futuras?