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LITERATURA INGLESA I
John Milton and his time
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
Class content:
John Milton.
Jonh Milton work
English Civil War
 
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
John Milton was born in London on December 9, 1608, into a middle-class family. He was educated at St. Paul's School, then at Christ's College, Cambridge, where he began to write poetry in Latin, Italian, and English, and prepared to enter the clergy.
After university, however, he abandoned his plans to join the priesthood and spent the next six years in his father's country home in Buckinghamshire following a rigorous course of independent study to prepare for a career as a poet.
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
During his period of private study, Milton composed a number of poems, including "On the Morning of Christ's Nativity," "On Shakespeare," "L'Allegro," "Il Penseroso," and the pastoral elegy "Lycidas." In May of 1638, Milton began a 13-month tour of France and Italy, during which he met many important intellectuals and influential people, including the astronomer Galileo, who appears in Milton's tract against censorship, "Areopagitica."
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
English poet, pamphleteer, and historian, Milton is considered to be the most significant English author after William Shakespeare 
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
On the Morning of Christ’s Nativity
  by John Milton 
 
I
This is the month, and this the happy morn, 
Wherein the Son of Heaven’s eternal King, 
Of wedded maid and Virgin Mother born, 
Our great redemption from above did bring; 
For so the holy sages once did sing,
  That he our deadly forfeit should release, 
And with his Father work us a perpetual peace 
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
II
That glorious Form, that Light unsufferable, 
And that far-beaming blaze of majesty, 
Wherewith he wont at Heaven’s high council-table
To sit the midst of Trinal Unity, 
He laid aside, and, here with us to be, 
  Forsook the Courts of everlasting Day, 
And chose with us a darksome house of mortal clay 
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
XVIII     
And then at last our bliss     
Full and perfect is,   
But now begins; for from this happy day     
The Old Dragon under ground,     
In straiter limits bound,  
 Not half so far casts his usurpèd sway, 
And, wroth to see his Kingdom fail, 
Swindges the scaly horror of his folded tail. 
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
On Shakespeare
What needs my Shakespeare for his honour'd Bones,
The labour of an age in pilèd Stones,
Or that his hallow'd reliques should be hid
Under a stary pointing Pyramid?
Dear son of Memory, great heir of Fame,
What need'st thou such weak witnes of thy name?
Thou in our wonder and astonishment
Hast built thy self a live-long Monument.
For whilst to th' shame of slow-endeavouring art,
Thy easie numbers flow, and that each heart
Hath from the leaves of thy unvalu'd Book
Those Delphick lines with deep impression took,
Then thou our fancy of it self bereaving,
Dost make us Marble with too much conceaving;
And so Sepulcher'd in such pomp dost lie,
That Kings for such a Tomb would wish to die.
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
During the English Civil War, Milton championed the cause of the Puritans and Oliver Cromwell, and wrote a series of pamphlets advocating radical political topics including the morality of divorce, the freedom of the press, populism, and sanctioned regicide. Milton served as secretary for foreign languages in Cromwell's government
After the Restoration of Charles II to the throne in 1660, Milton was arrested as a defender of the Commonwealth, fined, and soon released. He lived the rest of his life in seclusion in the country, completing the blank-verse epic poem Paradise Lost in 1667, as well as its sequel Paradise Regained and the tragedy Samson Agonistes both in 1671. -
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
Oliver Cromwell (25 April 1599 – 3 September 1658)was an English military and political leader and later Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland. Born into the middle gentry, Cromwell was relatively obscure for the first 40 years of his life. After undergoing a religious conversion in the 1630s, he became an independent puritan. Nicknamed "Old Ironsides", he was quickly promoted from leading a single cavalry troop to become one of the principal commanders of the New Model Army, playing an important role in the defeat of the royalist forces– ENGLISH CIVIL WAR.
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
Charles should be tried on a charge of treason. Cromwell was still in the north of England, dealing with Royalist resistance, when these events took place, but then returned to London. On the day after Pride's Purge, he became a determined supporter of those pushing for the king's trial and execution, believing that killing Charles was the only way to end the civil wars.  
Charles I
Cromwell
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
In 1638 he made a trip to Italy, studying in Florence, Siena, and Rome, but felt obliged to return home upon the outbreak of civil war in England, in 1639. Upon his return from Italy, he began planning an epic poem, the first ever written in English. These plans were delayed by his marriage to Mary Powell and her subsequent desertion of him. In reaction to these events, Milton wrote a series of pamphlets calling for more leniency in the church’s position on divorce. His argument brought him both greater publicity and angry criticism from the religious establishment in England. 
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
The English Civil War of the mid-17th Century was part of a wider series of conflicts that spanned the entire British Isles, involving Scotland and Ireland as well as England and Wales. Also called "The Great Rebellion", "The English Revolution" and "The Wars of the Three Kingdoms", the British Civil Wars and Commonwealth period witnessed the trial and execution of a king, the formation of a republic in England, a theocracy in Scotland and the subjugation of Ireland. The first attempt was made to unite the three nations under a single government, and the foundations of the modern British constitution were laid.
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
From the signing of the Scottish National Covenant of 1638 to the Restoration of the Monarchy in 1660, this site explores the turmoil of the Civil Wars and Interregnum, and the constitutional experiments of the Commonwealth and Protectorate period of the 1650s.
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
Paradise Lost, which chronicles Satan's temptation of Adam and Eve and their expulsion from Eden, is widely regarded as his masterpiece and one of the greatest epic poems in world literature. Since its first publication, the work has continually elicited debate regarding its theological themes, political commentary, and its depiction of the fallen angel Satan who is often viewed as the protagonist of the work. - See more at: http://www.poets.org/poet.php/prmPID/707#sthash.BDzH2h1P.dpuf 
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
Milton Style - blank verse,  unrhymed iambic pentameter
the preeminent dramatic and narrative verse form in English and also the standard form for dramatic verse in Italian and German. Its richness and versatility depend on the skill of the poet in varying the stresses and the position of the caesura (pause) in each line, in catching the shifting tonal qualities and emotional overtones of the language, and in arranging lines into thought groups and paragraphs.
Adapted from unrhymed Greek and Latin heroic verse, blank verse was introduced in 16th-century Italy along with other classical metres.
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
PARADISE LOST
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
Of Man's first disobedience, and the fruit  Of that forbidden tree whose mortal taste  Brought death into the World, and all our woe,  With loss of Eden, till one greater Man  Restore us, and regain the blissful seat,  Sing, Heavenly Muse, that, on the secret top  Of Oreb, or of Sinai, didst inspire  That shepherd who first taught the chosen seed  In the beginning how the heavens and earth  Rose out of Chaos: or, if Sion hill  Delight thee more, and Siloa's brook that flowed  Fast by the oracle of God, I thence  Invoke thy aid to my adventurous song,  That with no middle flight intends to soar  Above th' Aonian mount, while it pursues  Things unattempted yet in prose or rhyme. 
BOOK 1
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
High on a throne of royal state, which far  Outshone the wealth or Ormus and of Ind,  Or where the gorgeous East with richest hand  Showers on her kings barbaric pearl and gold,  Satan exalted sat, by merit raised  To that bad eminence; and, from despair  Thus high uplifted beyond hope, aspires  Beyond thus high, insatiate to pursue  Vain war with Heaven; and, by success untaught,  His proud imaginations thus displayed:--  "Powers and Dominions, Deities of Heaven!--  For, since no deep within her gulf can hold  Immortal vigour, though oppressed and fallen,  I give not Heaven for lost: from this descent  Celestial Virtues rising will appear  More glorious and more dread than from no fall,  And trust themselves to fear no second fate!-- 
BOOK 2
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
Hail, holy Light, offspring of Heaven firstborn,  Or of the Eternal coeternal beam  May I express thee unblam'd? since God is light,  And never but in unapproached light  Dwelt from eternity, dwelt then in thee  Bright effluence of bright essence increate.  Or hear"st thou rather pure ethereal stream,  Whose fountain who shall tell? before the sun,  Before the Heavens thou wert, and at the voice  Of God, as with a mantle, didst invest ***  The rising world of waters dark and deep,  Won from the void and formless infinite.  Thee I re-visit now with bolder wing,  Escap'd the Stygian pool, though long detain'd  In that obscure sojourn, while in my flight   
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
Through utter and through middle darkness borne,  With other notes than to the Orphean lyre  I sung of Chaos and eternal Night;  Taught by the heavenly Muse to venture down  The dark descent, and up to re-ascend,  Though hard and rare: Thee I revisit safe,  And feel thy sovran vital lamp; but thou
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
Paradise Lost
PARADOXES
Fall/Damnation
Strengh/Weakness
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Lesson 9 - Shakespeare: John Milton and his time
LITERATURA INGLESA I
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