EXP_0003

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Components are fully integrated. Once you enter data, it resides in the central database shared by all applications. 
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Businesses are striving to gain efficiency in their logistics processes to ensure profitability. This translates into getting the right product to the right place at the right time with the least cost incurred.
The real-time, integrated processes in the system provide immediate access to reporting information used to support your business decisions.
Transaction related process chains trigger the next activity, even if it is in a different application.
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Human Resource Management is responsible for personnel recruitment and management. The main components are:
Personnel administration: Manages employee master data
Payroll accounting: Determines and pays salaries and wages to employees
Time management: Manages attendance and absence time of employees
Personnel planning: Organizational management, shift planning, career planning, and personnel cost planning
Recruitment: handles advertising and manages applications
Trip costs: manages expenses, documents, trip accounting and advances
Training and Event Management
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Financial Accounting main components are general ledger and sub-ledger accounting (accounts payable, accounts receivable and asset accounting), consolidation, and treasury.
The data comes from the operational or planned business processes in Logistics and is updated in the accounts of the respective chart of accounts. If these business processes are to be modeled in Accounting, this can be carried out in the module Financial Accounting. Incoming and outgoing invoices can be created from the logistics applications. 
In addition to processing payment flows, Financial Accounting provides the basis for identifying all evaluated business processes.
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Controlling
Aus den Anwendungen des Finanzwesens, der Personalwirtschaft, der Materialwirtschaft und des Vertriebs werden die Aufwendungen und Erträge über die Kosten- und Erlösarten in die Anwendungen der Kostenrechnung gebucht.
Kosten, die nicht einem einzelnen Kostenträger (z. B. Fertigungsauftrag) zugeordnet werden können, werden an Kostenstellen oder Innenaufträge (Gemeinkostenaufträge oder Investitionsaufträge) im Gemeinkosten-Controlling verrechnet.
Die aufgrund von Kundenaufträgen gefertigten Produkte werden in der Produktkostenrechnung mit Materialkosten, Fertigungsleistungen und Gemeinkosten belastet.
Materialkosten entstehen aufgrund des bewerteten Materialverbrauchs in der Fertigung. 
Preise für Fertigungsleistungen werden über Leistungsverrechnung an die Kostenträger weitergegeben. 
Gemeinkosten können von Kostenstellen oder Innenaufträgen an Kostenträger übergeben werden. Gemeinkosten können auch direkt auf ein Ergebnisobjekt gebucht werden. 
Gemeinkosten und Fertigungskosten können auf ein gemeinsames Ergebnisobjekt kontiert werden.
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Pre-sales activities involve sales calls, inquiries, quotations, mailing lists, phone calls etc.
After pre-sales activities customers may place orders. Typically a customer service representative receives an order. An order generally includes customer and item information, pricing details, delivery schedules and billing information.
Inventory sourcing determines how the product is to be supplied. And will determine if the product is taken from available stock, purchased form an external supplier, shipped from another warehouse or manufactured in-house.
The items are picked, packed and shipped to the customer. A delivery note accompanies the delivered items.
Invoicing generally occurs after delivery. Once the invoice is created the financial department takes over.
Customer payment involves receiving and recording of the customers payment, increasing the customer’s available credit, reducing receivables, and recording any cash discounts.
The final step will involve the posting of payments against invoices and reconciling differences if necessary.
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The procurement carry out in component materials management (module MM).
Because of the integration of the the Sales and Accounting modules, the data involved in the procurement process can be processed efficiently.
Purchase orders for consumable materials or services can be assigned directly to a cost center or order (interface to the CO Cost Accounting module).
The Purchasing department maintains the data of the vendors defined in the system together with the Financial Accounting department (module FI). For each vendor, a vendor master record is maintained that contains both financial accounting data and procurement information. In financial accounting the vendor master record is the vendor account. 
Within MRP, a requirement generated in the sales area (module SD) can be passed on to purchasing. In addition, the requirement can be assigned to the customer order when the purchase requisition is entered. 
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The overall manufacturing planning process is comprised of:
The forecast values and requirements from the sales information system and costing/profitability analysis are inputs to the Sales and Operations Planning (SOP) phase in which independent requirements are determined.
Master Schedule items (those items that greatly influence profits or consume critical resources) are planned. Planning the master schedule items separately leads to a reduction in stock levels and improved delivery performance.
Material requirements planning (MRP) is the final step in the planning process. The output of MRP is either a planned order or a purchase requisition. 
The overall manufacturing execution process is comprised of:
Production orders are released.
Materials are issued.
Completion confirmations are performed 
Goods are received into stock.
The manufacturing process affects capacity, costing, inventory, reporting, and analysis.
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(C) SAP AG	TAMM40	3-� PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT �1�