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OFICINA DE REDAÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
Lesson 6 - Exposition
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Lesson 6 – Expository Text
OFICINA DE REDAÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
Class content:
The characteristics of the expository writing
The necessary steps to build an Exposition
 
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Lesson 6 – Expository Text
OFICINA DE REDAÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
EXPOSITORY WRITING
Expository writing is a type of writing that is used to explain, describe, give information, or inform.  The text is organized around one topic and developed according to a pattern or combination of patterns.  The writer of an expository text cannot assume that the reader or listener has prior knowledge or prior understanding of the topic that is being discussed.  Since clarity requires strong organization, one of the most important mechanisms to improve skills in exposition is to improve the organization of the text.  The patterns shown below are frequently used to create an expository essay.  Additionally, more than one pattern may be used within an expository essay. 
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Lesson 6 – Expository Text
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Expository Writing
 
Expository writing is writing that explains or shares information. Here you'll find help for writing a variety of expository essays.
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Lesson 6 – Expository Text
OFICINA DE REDAÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
Writing a Comparison-contrast Essay
Comparison-contrast essays show the similarities and differences between two subjects. Here are step-by-step directions to help you create a comparison-contrast essay.
1. Prewriting - Choose two subjects to compare. Gather and organize the similarities and differences. 
2. Writing - Introduce your topic, outline important similarities and differences, and thoughtfully sum up your comparison-contrast. 
 
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Lesson 6 – Expository Text
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3. Revising - Improve your writing by making sure it is clear and logical from start to finish. 
 
4. Editing - Check for style and accuracy and prepare a final copy. 
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Lesson 6 – Expository Text
OFICINA DE REDAÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
Women in the Wild
In the first half of the twentieth century, most people thought that great apes were ferocious beasts like King Kong. By the middle of the century, though, a young English woman named Jane Goodall and a young American named Dian Fossey began to change people’s minds. By going to live with great apes, Goodall and Fossey taught the world about these gentle giants. Goodall and Fossey began their careers by following their childhood dreams of working with animals in Africa. In her late twenties, Goodall finally saved up enough money to travel to Cape Town, South Africa, where she met the famous paleontologist Louis Leakey. He hired her as his secretary and by 1960 convinced her to study chimpanzees in the wild. Leakey funded Goodall’s expedition to Tanzania, and she took her mother with her. 
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In a speech that Goodall gave in 2002, she said, “I had a wonderful, supportive mother. She encouraged me to follow my ridiculous dream to go to Africa and live with animal (“Jane”). In 1963, Fossey first met Leakey, but she had a harder time impressing him. After paying 14 shillings to look around his dig site, she slipped down a rock slope, landed on his fossil find, sprained her ankle, and because of the pain, threw up on the specimen (“Dian”). Still, by 1966, Leakey had funded an expedition for Fossey to study mountain gorillas in the Congo and Rwanda.Over the next two decades, Goodall and Fossey became world-renowned primatologists, or ape researchers. Since neither woman was a trained scientist, they shared a unique approach to their research. Instead of numbering and developed close relationships with them. 
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Goodall discovered that chimpanzees live in extended tribal groups and have individual personalities, emotions, and awareness. Perhaps her most startling discovery, though, was that chimpanzees make tools, stripping leaves off 150twigs and using the twigs to “fish” termites from their mounds (Shadow). For her part, Fossey learned that gorillas live in small family groups and show compassion even to non-gorillas. Once, when Fossey crouched alone and depressed in the woods, a gorilla named Digit put his arm around her and comforted her (Gorillas). Over the years, both women discovered that great-ape populations are dwindling because of poaching and habitat loss. At Leakey’s suggestion, Goodall and Fossey each went to Cambridge to earn PhD’s, which helped them fight for their cause.
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Later in their careers, the two women worked hard to save the great apes. Goodall wrote papers and books, traveled and lectured, and created foundations to save chimpanzees and other animals. As a result, the United Nations named her a “Messenger of Peace,” and she was the only non-Tanzanian to receive the Medal of Tanzania (“Biography”). Fossey also did these things, but when the gorilla populations she studied were attacked, she declared a public war on poachers. She put a bounty on any poachers and organized patrols to protect gorillas. In 1985, her war ended when she was murdered in her cabin, most likely by a poacher (“Dian”).Though Goodall and Fossey were born ten thousand miles apart, each woman followed her dream of going to Africa. 
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They worked with Louis Leakey, wrote and lectured, and set up foundations to save the creatures they loved. Most of all, these two conservationists shared a message that Fossey expressed in her final journal entry: “When you realize the value of all life, you dwell less on what is past.” 
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Writing a How-to Essay
How-to essays tell the reader how to do something. This section includes step-by-step directions to help you write a how-to essay.
 1. Prewriting - Choose a process to explain and gather and organize details step by step. 
2. Writing - Tell what process you will explain, and write the steps in order. 
3. Revising - Improve your work by making sure each step is clear and the process is complete. 
 
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4. Editing - Check for style and accuracy and prepare a final copy.
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Lesson 6 – Expository Text
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Instructions for Writing an Informative Essay
An informative essay provides information in a logical order. Here are step-by-step directions to help you write an informative essay.
1. Prewriting - Select a topic and gather and organize details. 
2. Writing - State your thesis and support it with details. 
3. Revising - Improve your work by adding, rearranging, and removing details. 
4. Editing - Check for style and accuracy and prepare a final copy.
 
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Invention Convention - A New Invention for All, the Nintendo Wii 
 It will attract the interest of people all over the world, and it will get people activated and moving. All this will happen while people are playing video games! It is hard to believe that an invention designed for kids could have such a powerful effect on people of all ages around the world. Some people find it hard to believe that this invention allows people to continue playing their video games while being an actual character in the game, providing options for different interests, and even making peoplehealthier. 
 A person might ask, “How can a person really play a game of bowling in a video game?” This is possible because people playing the Nintendo Wii hold a wand. The wand is a device that a person holds in their hand. It is slender and rectangular
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shaped, and it is quite light. It looks very similar to a television remote control. As the person moves, the wand’s movement registers in the video game. The want itself does not make any noise, but the game on the television makes noise as the person playing moves the wand. This means that the person’s movements tell the video game what movements and choices to make. Currently, the Nintendo Wii is tasteless, but who knows what technology will bring next? Who would have thought that it could be possible for a person to actually participate in a video game? Just make sure not to get too carried away and let the wand fly from your hand. 
 Is playing tennis enjoyable? Is bowling a more challenging option? Maybe playing baseball is super stimulating. The Nintendo Wii has game options for all ages and interests. 
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Recently, a local newspaper reported that community organizations including nursing homes, fire departments, after school programs, and libraries are all ordering Nintendo Wiis for their groups. Each of these organizations is able to find games that are interesting for their participants to play. People are all very different with different interests. Because so many different groups of people are purchasing Nintendo Wiis, it is obvious that there are a variety of engaging games that these different people find interesting. CNN, an online news informational site, reported that 68% of Americans play video games at least three times a week, but less that 28% of Americans exercise three times each week. These statistics show that this invention will compliment people’s interests with what their bodies need to be healthy. Imagine a fourth grader who likes to play video games daily, for an hour after
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school. Instead of just sitting on the couch with a controller in his or her hands, this fourth grader will now have a wand in his hand and be up, off the couch, actively enjoying video games. 
 In the first two weeks the Nintendo Wii sold 476,000 systems. Although sales results like these are hard to believe, it goes to show that Americans are attracted to the benefits and enjoyment of this new invention. People of all ages are clearly enjoying interactive video games, and these people cannot help but to get off the couch and participate. Pretty soon, moms and dads will stop saying, “Turn off those video games!” 
and will instead shout, “Go get some exercise on your Nintendo Wii!” It is clear why Nintendo chose “Wii want you to play” to be the slogan for this enticing invention! 
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LETTER
FORMAL
INFORMAL
a written or printed communication addressed to a person or organization and usually transmitted by mail.
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Lesson 6 – Expository Text
OFICINA DE REDAÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
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OFICINA DE REDAÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
How to write a formal letter
With the advent of email, it is becoming less and less common to write letters, but the few letters that you will write will probably be very important ones, such as covering letters for job applications, covering letters for questionnaires or surveys which are part of your research, or letters of complaint to your bank manager.It is very important, therefore, that your letters have the desired effect on the reader. In order to achieve this, they should be:
 in the correct format
 short and to the point
 relevant
 free of any grammatical or spelling mistakes
 polite, even if you’re complaining
 well presented
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OFICINA DE REDAÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
Writing informal letters
LETTER writing is an important aspect of any writing course. This is because letter writing is a very important activity in our daily lives, be it for business or personal purposes.
In the Malaysian secondary school system, students are taught to write two types of letters – formal letters and informal letters although the latter is a dying art in this age of e-mails and text messages.
Informal letters are easier to write in terms of format, language and tone. These letters are sometimes called social or friendly letters. Examples of informal letters include letters to family members and friends.
Let’s look at some important aspects of an informal letter. 
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5th November 2000
Dear Paula,
Oh, how I missed being with you during the holidays this year! Everything in London is so different from Spain that I don't know if I'll ever get used to living here. I'm so glad that my father's job at the Spanish Embassy will only last until June. Then we will come home, and you and I can spend the summer on the beach. (I hope you'll spend your holiday in Spain, as usual.)
I've already made some very nice friends, but don't worry - no one could ever replace you as my best friend! After school, I sometimes go to my friend Fiona's house. 
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She enjoys listening to the same music and watching the same clips that you and I like. In fact, Fiona and I have tickets for Bon Jovi's concert next month. I wish you were coming with us!
Life is very different here. Would you believe that we have to wear a uniform to go to school? It's awful! A blue skirt and blazer, a white blouse and a ridiculous checked tie, not to mention a pair of horrible, long, white socks. Besides, there is nothing to do in the evening. All the shops close by 4.30 p. m. and pubs are only open till 11 p. m.
That's all for now. I must start my homework for my English class tomorrow. The teacher wants us to write an informal letter to a friend and I don't even know where to begin! Please write soon and tell me all the news. I miss you.
Love,
Sandra
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OFICINA DE REDAÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
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