LAELI_04

Prévia do material em texto

LINGUÍSTICA APLICADA AO ENSINO DE INGLÊS
Aula 4: The direct method and the silent way.
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 4: The direct method and the silent way.
LINGUÍSTICA APLICADA AO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA INGLESA
Main topics:
Concepts of Direct Method.
- The Silent way.
 
img 
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 4: The direct method and the silent way.
LINGUÍSTICA APLICADA AO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA INGLESA
Direct method
The direct method of teaching was developed as a response to the Grammar-Translation method. It sought to immerse the learner in the same way as when a first language is learnt. All teaching is done in the target language, grammar is taught inductively, there is a focus on speaking and listening, and only useful ‘everyday' language is taught. The weakness in the Direct Method is its assumption that a second language can be learnt in exactly the same way as a first, when in fact the conditions under which a second language is learnt are very different.
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 4: The direct method and the silent way.
LINGUÍSTICA APLICADA AO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA INGLESA
Example The teacher explains new vocabulary using realia, visual aids or demonstrations.
In the classroom Aspects of the Direct Method are still evident in many ELT classrooms, such as the emphasis on listening and speaking, the use of the target language for all class instructions, and the use of visuals and realia to illustrate meaning.
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 4: The direct method and the silent way.
LINGUÍSTICA APLICADA AO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA INGLESA
England and many other countries – phonetics for teaching!
Speaking accurancy!
Good for speaking purposes!
So...the Direct Method becomes powerful! 
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 4: The direct method and the silent way.
LINGUÍSTICA APLICADA AO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA INGLESA
The Direct Method.
NO PORTUGUESE!
Teacher does not need to know pupil´s mother tongue, however…
Needs to be native or fluent in English. Teacher is the model to be followed.
Too much speaking, little writing/reading.
Pronounciation emphasis;
Grammar is intuitively, it arises from usage.
Gestures, charts, demonstrations, objects, etc.
Reading is to be done aloud.
Mistakes are not corrected directly.
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 4: The direct method and the silent way.
LINGUÍSTICA APLICADA AO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA INGLESA
SO…
It seems to be appropriate for speaking purposes…
The teacher NEEDS to be fluent in English.
HOWEVER…
It is not a good method for writing purposes...and how can we find so many fluent teachers?
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 4: The direct method and the silent way.
LINGUÍSTICA APLICADA AO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA INGLESA
Some problems:
Teachers x Instructors?
If fluency is necessary, why not other people besides teachers?
What abou regular schools?
Investmentns ofr visual aids and thecnology.
The teacher needs to be very creative and funny.
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 4: The direct method and the silent way.
LINGUÍSTICA APLICADA AO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA INGLESA
The Silent Way
1. Learning is facilitated if the learner discovers or creates. The Silent way belongs to the tradition of teaching that favors hypothetical mode of teaching (as opposed to expository mode of teaching) in which the teacher and the learner work cooperatively to reach the educational desired goals. (cf Bruner 1966.) The learner is not  a bench bound listener but an active contributor to the learning  process.
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 4: The direct method and the silent way.
LINGUÍSTICA APLICADA AO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA INGLESA
2. Learning is facilitated by accompanying (mediating) physical objects. The Silent Way uses colorful charts and  rods (cuisenaire rods) which are of varying length. They are used to introduce vocabulary ( colors, numbers, adjectives, verbs) and syntax (tense, comparatives, plurals, word order …)
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 4: The direct method and the silent way.
LINGUÍSTICA APLICADA AO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA INGLESA
3. Learning is facilitated by problem solving involving the material to be learned. This can be summarized by Benjamin Franklin’s words: “Tell me and I forget Teach me and I remember Involve me and I learn” A good silent way learner is a good problem solver. The teacher’s role resides only  in giving minimum repetitions and correction, remaining silent most of the times,  leaving the learner struggling to solve problems about the language and get a grasp of its mechanism.
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 4: The direct method and the silent way.
LINGUÍSTICA APLICADA AO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA INGLESA
Disadvantages
The Silent Way is often criticized of being a harsh method. The learner works in isolation and  communication is lacking badly in a Silent Way classroom.
With minimum help on the part of the teacher, the Silent Way method may put the learning itself at stake.
The material ( the rods and the charts)  used in this method will certainly fail to introduce all aspects of language. Other materials will have to be introduced.
Tema da Apresentação
Aula 4: The direct method and the silent way.
LINGUÍSTICA APLICADA AO ENSINO DE LÍNGUA INGLESA
Advantages
Learning through problem solving looks attractive especially because it fosters:
creativity,
discovery,
increase in intelligent potency and
long term memory.
The indirect role of the teacher highlights the importance and the centrality of the learner who is responsible in figuring out and testing the hypotheses about how language works. In other wordsteaching is subordinated to learning
Tema da Apresentação