L. Tengelyi, Introduction la phenomenologie

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« Introduction à la phénoménologie : 
le sens de l’expérience et son expression langagière ». 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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INTRODUCTION A LA PHENOMENOLOGIE : LE SENS DE L’EXPERIENCE ET 
SON EXPRESSION LANGAGIERE (COURS) 1 
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Description du cours 2 
Sommaire 3 
I. La phénoménologie comme explicitation du sens 5 
1. Le sens des concepts arithmétiques et leur origine psychologique 5 
2. La réfutation du psychologisme logique 7 
a. Conséquences empiristes 9 
b. Conséquences sceptiques 10 
c. Circularité dans la clarification phénoménologique du sens des concepts logiques 10 
II. Le sens et la signification 13 
1. La signification des expressions langagières 13 
Figure 1: Les deux espèces des signes 13 
2. La signification idéale comme objet général 15 
Figure 2: Le rapport de la signification à la représentation selon le " platonisme logique " 16 
3. L’intention de signification et la signification idéale 18 
4. Le concept de noème et la réduction phénoménologique 20 
III. Le sens et l’expérience 24 
3. Le concept " génétique " de l’expérience 26 
4. L’expérience et la réalité 30 
IV. L’expérience et l’expression 34 
IV. L’expérience et l’expression 35 
VI. L’événement d’expérience et sa temporalité 36 
1. La problématique de l’impression originaire (Levinas et Henry) 36 
2. La temporalité de l’expérience et la genèse du neuf (Marc Richir) 37 
VII. L’expérience d’autrui (Introduction à La phénoménologie de l’intersubjectivité) 42 
La démarche husserlienne 42 
1. La réduction primordiale 45 
2. La modification intentionnelle de l’ego 46 
3. L’ambiguïté de la théorie husserlienne de l’expérience de l’altérité 52 
B. L’analyse sartrienne du regard 54 
1. Le regard d’autrui 55 
a) L’amour 58 
b) Le désir 59 
1. La voie merleau-pontienne et la démarche lévinasienne 64 
2. Passage de Husserl et de Sartre à Lévinas 65 
VIII. L’expérience de l’expression d’autrui (L’entrelacs de l’appel L’appel et de la réponse) 68 
a. Le visage comme principe de signification 68 
Autrement qu’être 70 
2. Le rôle du tiers 71 
Supplément I - L’expérience et la réalité. L’idéalisme transcendantal de la phénoménologie husserlienne72 
Supplément II La phénoménologie heideggerienne de la temporalité 77 
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1. Temps mortel, temps historique, temps mondain 78 
a. Le modèle de dérivation 78 
b. Le modèle d’équi-originarité 80 
2. Le concept de répétition 80 
Supplément III Phénoménologie et narratologie selon Ricœur 82 
1. Première aporie : la dualité des perspectives sur le temps 82 
2. La deuxième aporie : la constitution de l’identité de soi-même 84 
3. Troisième aporie : l’inscrutabilité du temps 86 
Supplément IV La refonte richirienne de la phénoménologie 87 
1. Radicalisation de la réduction phénoménologique 87 
a. Simulacre ontologique 88 
b. Pour une épochè phénoménologique hyperbolique 89 
c. L’épreuve du sublime phénoménologique 89 
2. L’entre-aperception comme point de départ de la refonte de la phénoménologie 90 
3. Le phénomène de langage et sa référence à la réalité 92 
a. Le nouveau concept du phénomène 92 
b. Phénomènes de langage et phénomènes hors-langage 93 
c. Le schématisme de la phénoménalisation 94 
Texte d’un article publié dans Annales de phénoménologie 2 (2003), 13–24. 97 
1. L’idéalisme transcendantal de Husserl 97 
2. L’idéalisme transcendantal mis à l’épreuve de l’expérience 102 
4. Une remarque sur le temps et l’autre chez Richir 105 
Supplément V La réduction du Dit au Dire 107 
1. Le déjà dit d’avant les langues 107 
2. L’amphibologie de l’être et de l’étant 109 
3. Le Dire d’avant tout Dit 111 
Supplément VI L’appel de la loi et la responsabilité sauvage 112 
1. De la responsabilité sauvage à la loi morale 113 
2. De la loi morale à la responsabilité sauvage 117 
3. Conclusion 120 
1. Deux interprétations de l’appel d’autrui 123 
1. Expression de l’expérience 123 
L’originaire éclate 124 
2. L’expérience réfractaire à son expression 125 
1. Expression de l’expérience 129 
L’originaire éclate 130 
2. L’expérience réfractaire à son expression 131 
1. Le concept " statique " de l’expérience (Expérience sensible et expérience catégoriale) 135 
2. Le dédoublement de la structure différentielle du sens 136 
Bibliographie 140 
Emploi du temps 141 
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