LI Fonetica e Fonologia 1-10

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1.
		How many phonemes are there in the words ILLNESS, DEATH, MORTALITY, COMMENCE?
		
	
	
	
	 
	d) 5 - 3 - 9 - 6
	
	
	c) 5 - 5 - 9 - 8
	
	
	e) 5 - 5 - 9 - 6
	
	 
	b) 5 - 3 - 9 - 7
	
	
	a) 7 - 5 - 9 - 8
	
	
	
		2.
		Which two words from the following list have the same vowel sound: KEPT, BAG, WEIGH, HEAD, BE?
		
	
	
	
	 
	c) weigh and head
	
	
	b) be and head
	
	
	e) bag and weigh
	
	 
	a) kept and head
	
	
	d) be and weigh
	
	
	
		3.
		Choose the odd sound:
		
	
	
	
	 
	b) seat
	
	
	d) mate
	
	 
	c) wait
	
	
	e) date
	
	
	a) great
	
	
	
		4.
		In the word ENOUGH, what's the sound of 'OUGH'?
		
	
	
	
	 
	d)"UFF"
	
	
	e) "UP"
	
	
	a) "OFF"
	
	
	b) "OW"
	
	
	c) "OH"
	
	
	
		5.
		Which word has the same number of phonemes as in BEE?
		
	
	
	
	 
	a) it
	
	
	e) I
	
	
	b) ship
	
	
	c) takes
	
	
	d) pig
	
	
	
		6.
		The morpheme /z/ can be represented by all the graphemes below EXCEPT FOR:
		
	
	
	
	
	Z
	
	
	S
	
	
	Ze
	
	
	Se
	
	 
	C
	
	
	
		7.
		How many phonemes are there in "scarecrow" considering Australian and UK English?
		
	
	
	
	 
	e) 9
	
	
	d) 5
	
	
	c) 8
	
	 
	a) 6
	
	
	b) 7
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		8.
		How many graphemes are there in the following words: WAIT, WEATHER, EIGHT?
		
	
	
	
	 
	e) 4, 6, 5
	
	
	a) 3, 6, 4
	
	
	d) 4, 6, 4
	
	
	b) 4, 5, 7
	
	 
	c) 4, 7, 5
	
		1.
		In which alternative all words may be used in a FORMAL context?
		
	
	
	
	
	A) Can't - Supply - Entail
	
	
	D) Disclose - Exceed - Go over
	
	
	B) Submit - Receive - Carry out
	
	 
	C) Submit - Receive - Effect
	
	
	E) On receipt - Exceed - Take away
	
	
	
		2.
		Select the alternative which represents an example of informal speech:
		
	
	
	
	
	Mr. Jones, would you care to have dinner with me tonight? I would like to talk to you about your daughter, and myself.
	
	
	Good afternoon Governor, how are you doing today?
	
	 
	Hey Jack, how¿re you doing buddy?¿
	
	
	Good morning, Mr. Smith or Good morning, sir.
	
	
	Professor Bogart, the motion picture which you assigned us to watch was one of the most impressive that I have ever seen. In fact, I am going to view it again tonight!
	
	
	
		3.
		Select the correct FORMAL alternative which can be used to substitute the following: "I'M SORRY".
		
	
	
	
	 
	e) I apologise
	
	
	b) I'm dreadful scared
	
	
	a) I am sorry
	
	
	d) I am dreadful scared
	
	
	c) I hate to say this but
	
	
	
		4.
		Choose the alternative in which all the words have Anglo-Saxon origin:
		
	
	
	
	 
	c) wound, endanger, maze, dull, short
	
	
	d) dishonest, death, illness, labyrinth, short
	
	
	e) juxtapose, endanger, maze, dull, short
	
	
	a) juxtapose, labyrinth, laceration, endanger, maze
	
	 
	b) many, lazy, unclear, evil, laceration
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		5.
		In which alternative all words may be used in a FORMAL context?
		
	
	
	
	
	c) check - enough - contact
	
	
	a) Can't - as well as - carry out
	
	 
	d) exceed - several- photograph
	
	
	e) Exceed - many - photo
	
	
	b) should not - guy - in the red
	
	
	
		6.
		Which of the forms below may be used in an INFORMAL context?
		
	
	
	
	
	e) laborious
	
	 
	a) can't
	
	
	c) analogous to
	
	
	b) significant
	
	
	d) difficult
	
	
	
		7.
		Which of the forms below may be used in a FORMAL context?
		
	
	
	
	
	B) Guy
	
	
	D) Won't
	
	
	C) Awesome
	
	 
	E) Invigorating
	
	
	A) Kids
	
	
	
		8.
		Select the alternative which represents an example of formal speech:
		
	
	
	
	
	I can help you to solve this problem. Call me!
	
	
	The bank can¿t find the payment you say you¿ve made.
	
	
	The company laid him off because he didn't work much.
	
	
	I¿m sorry but ¿/I¿m happy to say that ¿
	
	 
	Although the fault was repaired on 12th June, payment for this intervention has still not been received.
	
		1.
		In which word the "w" is a consonant?
	
	
	
	
	
	c) low
	
	 
	e) tow
	
	
	b) cow
	
	
	d) bow
	
	 
	a) swan
	
	
	
		2.
		In which word the 'y' is a consonant?
	
	
	
	
	
	d) valley
	
	
	e) monkey
	
	 
	a) yes
	
	
	c) sky
	
	 
	b) gym
	
	
	
		3.
		The transcription of the word ¿breeze¿ is:
	
	
	
	
	
	/briz/
	
	 
	/bri:zi/
	
	 
	/bri:z/
	
	
	/brizi/
	
	
	/briiz/
	
	
	
		4.
		Which word DOESN'T have a diphthong?
	
	
	
	
	
	d)near
	
	 
	c)cat
	
	 
	e) light
	
	
	a) wear
	
	
	b) late
	
	
	
		5.
		How many phonemes are there in the words BRANCH, STRING, SPEECH, SHRINK?
	
	
	
	
	
	a) 4 - 6 - 6 - 6
	
	
	b) 4 - 6 - 6 - 5
	
	 
	e) 5 - 5 - 4- 5
	
	 
	d) 5 - 6 - 4 - 5
	
	
	c) 5 - 6 - 6 - 5
	
	
	
		6.
		Which word DOESN'T have a diphthong?
	
	
	
	
	
	c) pie
	
	
	e) no
	
	 
	a) fear
	
	 
	d)bat
	
	
	b) lair
	
	
	
		7.
		How many phonemes are there in "lane"?
	
	
	
	
	
	c) 2
	
	 
	b) 3
	
	
	d) 5
	
	
	a) 4
	
	
	e) 6
	
	
	
		8.
		How many phonemes are there in the words DREAM, SWEET, SPREAD, YES?
	
	
	
	
	 
	a) 4 - 4 - 5 - 3
	
	
	d) 5 - 4 - 4 - 3
	
	 
	e) 5 - 5- 6 - 3
	
	
	c) 5 - 4 - 5 - 3
	
	
	b) 4 - 5 - 6 - 3
	In which alternative the TH is voiceless?
		
	
	a)Than
	 
	d)Width
	
	e)Gather
	
	c)They
	
	b)That
	
	
	
	
	 2a Questão (Ref.: 201502466767)
	 Fórum de Dúvidas (0)       Saiba  (0)
	
	Which words has the following sound: /θ/
		
	 
	a) Think
	
	d) Mother
	 
	b) That
	
	c) Father
	
	e) brother
	
	
	
	
	 3a Questão (Ref.: 201502503033)
	 Fórum de Dúvidas (0)       Saiba  (0)
	
	There are many phenomena involved in a consonant pronunciation. Which alternative is NOT true?
		
	 
	An example of glottal is the /t/ in ¿butter¿.
	
	Glottal is a phonological phenomenon that occurs in everyday informal English. The phonetic symbol for a glottal stop is ʔ.
	
	Approximants are speech sounds that involve the articulators approaching each other but not narrowly enough or with enough articulatory precision to create turbulent airflow.
	
	Intervocalic alveolar flapping (more accurately 'tapping') is a phonological process found in many dialects of English, especially North American English and Australian English, by which T and D surface as the tap [ɾ].
	 
	Approximants are divided into the following two sub-classes: liquids and semi-vowels.
	
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
	 4a Questão (Ref.: 201502407061)
	 Fórum de Dúvidas (0)Saiba  (0)
	
	In which alternative the TH is voiced?
		
	
	a)Truth
	
	b)North
	 
	c)that
	
	e)Three
	
	d)Health
	
	
	
	
	 5a Questão (Ref.: 201502386971)
	 Fórum de Dúvidas (0)       Saiba  (0)
	
	In which word the first consonant has a voiced sound?
		
	
	a) think
	 
	e) deed
	 
	d) home
	
	b) priest
	
	c) kind
	
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
	 6a Questão (Ref.: 201502386762)
	 Fórum de Dúvidas (0)       Saiba  (0)
	
	Which word has the same sound as the "s" in TALKS?
		
	
	d) schools
	 
	a) groups
	 
	c) dogs
	
	b) girls
	
	e) lives
	
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
	 7a Questão (Ref.: 201502386759)
	 Fórum de Dúvidas (0)       Saiba  (0)
	
	Which word has the same sound as in the past in TALKED?
		
	
	b) owned
	 
	d) stopped
	
	e) planned
	
	c) organized
	
	a) bribed
	
	
	
	
	 8a Questão (Ref.: 201502386972)
	 Fórum de Dúvidas (0)       Saiba  (0)
	
	In which word the first consonant has a voiceless sound?
		
	 
	b) bet
	
	d) then
	 
	a) paint
	
	e) mend
	
	c) get
	Which word sounds different?
		
	 
	b) low
	
	d) do (strong form)
	
	e) two
	
	a) you
	
	c) through
	
	
	
	
	 2a Questão (Ref.: 201502386977)
	 Fórum de Dúvidas (1 de 2)       Saiba  (0)
	
	Which word sounds different?
		
	
	e) butter
	 
	d) another
	
	c) cut
	 
	a) cot
	
	b) nut
	
	
	
	
	 3a Questão (Ref.: 201502407532)
	 Fórum de Dúvidas (1 de 2)       Saiba  (0)
	
	Which word has a long vowel sound?
		
	
	b)Bad
	 
	a)Bed
	 
	d)He
	
	c)Sammy
	
	e)Apple
	
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
	 4a Questão (Ref.: 201502386776)
	 Fórum de Dúvidas (1 de 2)       Saiba  (0)
	
	Which word has a long sound?
		
	
	b) bed
	
	d) men
	
	c) bad
	
	e) let
	 
	a) sea
	
	
	
	
	 5a Questão (Ref.: 201502386775)
	 Fórum de Dúvidas (1 de 2)       Saiba  (0)
	
	Which word sounds different?
		
	
	c) read (in the past)
	
	b) said
	
	a) bed
	 
	e) read (in the present)
	
	d) head
	
	
	
	
	 6a Questão (Ref.: 201502386976)
	 Fórum de Dúvidas (1 de 2)       Saiba  (0)
	
	Which word has a long vowel sound?
		
	
	d) men
	 
	c) man
	
	b) bet
	
	e) bad
	 
	a) beat
	
	
	
	
	 7a Questão (Ref.: 201502386769)
	 Fórum de Dúvidas (1 de 2)       Saiba  (0)
	
	In which alternative does the vowel have a long sound?
		
	 
	c) meat
	
	e) hat
	
	d) hit
	
	a) put
	
	b) tab
	
	
	
	
	 8a Questão (Ref.: 201502386980)
	 Fórum de Dúvidas (1 de 2)       Saiba  (0)
	
	Which word has a short vowel sound?
		
	
	a) fake
	
	e) lake
	
	c) vase
	 
	d) come
	
	b) seat
		1.
		Select the WRONG alternative considering the word WINDOW.
		
	
	
	
	 
	e) in the second syllable the coda is [w]
	
	
	b) in the first syllable the rhyme is [in]
	
	
	a) in the first syllable the onset is [w]
	
	
	c) in first syllable the nucleus is [i]
	
	
	d) in the second syllable the onset is [d]
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		2.
		Select the WRONG alternative considering the word FLOP.
		
	
	
	
	 
	d) the coda is [p]
	
	 
	e) it has two syllables
	
	
	b) the rhyme is [op]
	
	
	a) the onset is [fl]
	
	
	c) the nucleus is [o]
	
	
	
		3.
		In practice what word can be divided?
		
	
	
	
	
	c) slice
	
	 
	d) paint
	
	
	e) cabin
	
	 
	b) matter
	
	
	a) tickle
	
	
	
		4.
		In which alternative all the words are divided for the same reason?
		
	
	
	
	
	b) dinner - sudden - summit - meter - rabbit
	
	 
	a) dinner - motor - totem - liken - meter
	
	 
	e) music - motor - totem - open- meter
	
	
	d) fantastic - bandit - tiger - bonus - spice
	
	
	c) dinner - sudden - summit - rabbit - meter
	
	
	
		5.
		How many syllables are there in TOENAIL, BREADBOX, FREEWAY, SKYDIVE?
		
	
	
	
	
	d) 3 - 2 - 2 - 1
	
	
	b) 3 - 2 - 2 - 2
	
	 
	e) 3 - 3 - 2 - 2
	
	
	a) 2 - 2 - 2 - 1
	
	 
	c) 2 - 2 - 2 - 2
	
	
	
		6.
		Which verb in the simple past has two syllables?
		
	
	
	
	 
	c)Landed
	
	
	a)Walked
	
	
	d)Laughed
	
	
	e)Bragged
	
	 
	b)Caused
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		7.
		Which past tense verb has two syllables?
		
	
	
	
	
	a) walked
	
	 
	b) talked
	
	
	c) laughed
	
	
	e) caused
	
	 
	d) painted
	
	
	
		8.
		What kind of word is possible to be divided?
		
	
	
	
	
	e) numbers
	
	
	c) acronyms
	
	
	d) contractions
	
	
	b) abbreviations
	
	 
	a) words that end in "magic -e"
	
		1.
		Which alternative has a word with a silent letter?
	
	
	
	
	
	d) let
	
	
	c) set
	
	
	a) can
	
	 
	b) cane
	
	
	e) sink
	
	
	
		2.
		In the sentence: "The first driver is on the right", how many R's would be pronounced by a non-rhotic speaker?
	
	
	
	
	
	c) 1
	
	
	a) 4
	
	 
	d) 3
	
	
	e) none
	
	
	b) 2
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		3.
		According to a non-rhotic accent, this transcription /wɜ:d/ is related to the word:
	
	
	
	
	
	d) world
	
	
	e) would
	
	 
	b) word
	
	 
	a) wed
	
	
	c) wad
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		4.
		Which letters are silent in the words DEBT, PLUMB, SIGN, ISLAND?
	
	
	
	
	
	c) b, b, g, n
	
	
	d) b, m, g, n
	
	
	e) b, none, g, s
	
	
	b) b, m, g, s
	
	 
	a) b, b, g, s
	
	
	
		5.
		Considering a non-rhotic accent, how many "R's" would be pronounced in the sentence: Gordon and Mary really like raspberries with Rocky-Road ice-cream?
	
	
	
	
	
	c)6
	
	
	e)3
	
	 
	b)7
	
	 
	a)8
	
	
	d)5
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		6.
		In which alternative there isn't a silent letter?
	
	
	
	
	
	d) Mnemonic
	
	 
	e) begin
	
	
	b) Calm
	
	
	c) Knee
	
	
	a) Wednesday
	
	
	
		7.
		Which alternative DOESN'T have a word with a silent letter?
	
	
	
	
	
	d) hymn
	
	 
	b) walk
	
	
	c) knee
	
	
	a) leopard
	
	 
	e) link
	
	
	
		8.
		In which alternative the "R" would be pronounced in a non-rhotic accent?
	
	
	
	
	
	a)Learn
	
	
	b)Performance
	
	
	e)Gordon
	
	 
	d)Crash
	
	
	c)Perfume
		
		Choose the alternative with the correct stressed syllable.
		
	
	
	
	
	e) to COMplain
	
	
	b) EIGHteen
	
	
	a) ENgineer
	
	
	d ) to CONceal
	
	 
	c) to deRIDE
	
	
	
		2.
		Which sentence below has a rising pitch?
		
	
	
	
	 
	a) Can I go now?
	
	
	e) I like he countryside.
	
	 
	b) I don¿t know your name.
	
	
	c) He doesn¿t like me.
	
	
	d) I would like to stay.
	
	
	
		3.What is the right alternative?
		
	
	
	
	 
	a)Oxford Circus is a phrase
	
	
	c)Paddington Station is a compound noun
	
	 
	e)New York is a compound noun
	
	
	b)Lexington Avenue is a compound noun
	
	
	d)Waterloo Bridge is a compound noun
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		4.
		Choose the alternative with the correct stressed syllable.
		
	
	
	
	
	d) to PREsent
	
	
	e) YOURself
	
	
	a) conTRIbution
	
	
	c) REvelation
	
	 
	b) to conTRIbute
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		5.
		What is the stressed syllable in EN-VI-RON-MEN-TAL (primary accent)?
		
	
	
	
	
	c) RON
	
	
	b) VI
	
	
	d) TAL
	
	
	a) EN
	
	 
	e) MEN
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		6.
		Which sentence below has a falling pitch?
		
	
	
	
	
	b) Were they asleep?
	
	 
	d) He is not going.
	
	
	a) Can you help me?
	
	
	c) Pay attention to your sister.
	
	
	e) Let's go, shall we?
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		7.
		What is the WRONG alternative considering stress in compound nouns?
		
	
	
	
	
	c)For compound verbs, the stress is on the second part.
	
	 
	e)Noun+Noun Compounds (2-word compound nouns), the stress is on the first part.
	
	 
	d)For compound nouns, the stress is on the second part.
	
	
	a)For compound nouns, the stress is on the first part.
	
	
	b)For compound adjectives, the stress is on the second part.
	
	
	
		8.
		Choose the alternative with the correct stressed syllable.
		
	
	
	
	 
	d) disPLAY
	
	
	b) DEvice
	
	
	e) to DElay
	
	
	c) BElief
	
	
	a) to EXceed
	
		1.
		In which alternative there is a WRONG concept?
	
	
	
	
	
	An allophone is one of a set of multiple possible spoken sounds (or phones) used to pronounce a single phoneme.
	
	
	In non-rhotic dialects, /r/ can only occur before a vowel, never at the end of a word or before a consonant.
	
	
	A restricted phoneme is a phoneme that can only occur in a certain environment.
	
	
	/ŋ/, as in sing, occurs only at the end of a syllable, never at the beginning
	
	 
	Minimal pairs are two words that are identical in every way except for two sounds.
	
	
	
		2.
		Which word has a restricted phoneme?
	
	
	
	
	
	b) peel
	
	 
	a) sing
	
	 
	e) toe
	
	
	c) steal
	
	
	d) steam
	
	
	
		3.
		Which alternative presents the WRONG definition?
	
	
	
	
	
	a) A restricted phoneme is a phoneme that can only occur in a certain environment.
	
	
	e) Capitonyms are words that share the same spelling but have different meanings when capitalized (and may or may not have different pronunciations).
	
	
	b) An allophone is one of a set of multiple possible spoken sounds (or phones) used to pronounce a single phoneme.
	
	 
	d) Minimal pairs are two words that are identical in every way except for two sounds.
	
	
	c) Aspiration occurs on voiceless stops occurring as the first sound in a stressed syllable.
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		4.
		Perhaps the biggest difference between British and American English lies in the pronunciation. In British English, many vowels have different sounds and are usually not nasalized. In which alternative this difference is wrong?
	
	
	
	
	 
	In British English the consonant /r/ is pronounced only before a vowel (for example in red and bedroom). In all other cases the /r/ is silent, sounding more similar to the sound "ah" (for example in car, learn, over). In American English the /r/ is always pronounced wherever it appears in word.
	
	
	Stressed vowels are usually longer in American English.
	
	
	The pot is hot - In British English, the "o" in words like pot and hot is pronounced by rounding lips.
	
	 
	In British English the "t" between vowels is pronounced as a soft "d" (/d/), so that writer and rider sound similar. American English speakers usually pronounce the "t" as /t/.
	
	
	In British English, the "a" in words like can't, class and fast is pronounced at the back of the mouth whereas in America English it's pronounced at the front of the mouth.
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		5.
		Match and then choose the right alternative.
1. homonym 2. homograph 3. homophone
( ) read (present) X read (past)
( ) bear (to support or to carry) X bear (the animal)
( ) hire X higher
	
	
	
	
	
	e) 1 - 3 - 2
	
	 
	b) 2 - 3 - 1
	
	
	d) 3 - 1 - 2
	
	
	c) 3 - 2 - 1
	
	 
	a) 2 - 1 - 3
	
	
	
		6.
		Choose the right alternative.
1. homonym 2. homograph 3. homophone
 ( ) different meaning, different spelling, same pronunciation
 ( ) different meaning, same spelling, different pronunciation
( ) different meaning, same spelling, same pronunciation
	
	
	
	
	
	a) 1 - 2- 3
	
	
	c) 3 - 1 - 2
	
	 
	b) 3 - 2 -1
	
	
	e) 2 - 1 - 3
	
	
	d) 2 - 3 - 1
	
	
	
		7.
		For each word in column A there is a homophone in column B. Write the number of its homophone next to each word in column A and choose the alternative:
1. wait 2. brake 3. piece 4. side 5. threw ( ) sighed ( ) peace ( ) weight ( ) through ( ) break
	
	
	
	
	 
	d) 4 - 3 - 1 - 5 - 2
	
	
	e) 4 - 3 - 5 - 2 - 1
	
	
	b) 3 - 4 - 1 - 5 - 2
	
	
	c) 4 - 3 - 2 - 5 - 1
	
	
	a) 4 - 3 - 1 - 2 - 5
	
	
	
		8.
		In Which alternative there is a WRONG concept?
	
	
	
	
	 
	Minimal pairs are two words that are identical in every way except for two sounds.
	
	
	/ŋ/, as in sing, occurs only at the end of a syllable, never at the beginning.
	
	
	An allophone is one of a set of multiple possible spoken sounds (or phones) used to pronounce a single phoneme.
	
	 
	A restricted phoneme is a phoneme that can only occur in a certain environment.
	
	
	In non-rhotic dialects, /r/ can only occur before a vowel, never at the end of a word or before a consonant.
	
	
		1.
		Which word has a consonant digraph?
	
	
	
	
	
	d) wood
	
	
	b) spare
	
	 
	e) rich
	
	
	a) cane
	
	
	c) slice
	
	
	
		2.
		How many phonemes are there in PIECE and KNOW?
	
	
	
	
	 
	c) 5 - 3
	
	 
	e) 3 - 2
	
	
	a) 2 - 3
	
	
	d) 1 - 3
	
	
	b) 4 - 4
	
	
	
		3.
		Choose the transcription that represents the word "wrote". /rɔt/ /wrot/ /rot/ /wroti/ /rɔti/
	
	
	
	
	
	/rɔti/
	
	
	/wrot/
	
	
	/rot/
	
	
	/wroti/
	
	 
	/rɔt/
	
	
	
		4.
		Which word has the same number of phonemes as in CHOOSE?
	
	
	
	
	
	e) bags
	
	 
	c) takes
	
	
	a) be
	
	 
	d) wait
	
	
	b) ate
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		5.
		How many phonemes are there in GLOWS?
	
	
	
	
	 
	b) 4
	
	
	a) 3
	
	
	e) 6
	
	
	d) 5
	
	
	c) 2
	 Gabarito Comentado
	
	
		6.
		What's the word? /'rench/ - /'slik/ - /'nat/
	
	
	
	
	 
	c) ranch - slick - gnat
	
	
	a) ranch - slick - not
	
	
	e) rent - slick - gnat
	
	 
	d) wrench - slick - gnat
	
	
	b) wrench - slick - not
	
	
	
		7.
		Choose the transcription that represents the word "through".
	
	
	
	
	
	/ðrou/
	
	
	/θrou/
	
	 
	/θru/
	
	 
	/ðru//tru/
	
	
	
		8.
		How many phonemes are there in SIX?
	
	
	
	
	
	e) 6
	
	 
	c) 4
	
	
	b) 2
	
	 
	a) 3
	
	
	d) 5