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ESTUDOS CULTURAIS EM LÍNGUA INGLESA Período Acad.: 2017.3 EAD (G) / SM 1. Mills suggests that the task and the purpose of sociology is to study the way in which individuals fit into cultures that produce them, and that they themselves ----------------------- over time. Quest.: 1 vary and explore write about and calculate start and put an end mantain and recreate destroy and forget 2. Man needs to transmit culture. What for? Quest.: 2 Because if the knowledge constructed by his people was not transmitted generation by generation, everything would be missed, which would block evolution process. Because if the knowledge constructed by his people was not transmitted generation by generation, everybody would die soon. Because it is our inevitable destiny. Because if the knowledge constructed by his people was transmitted generation by generation, everything would be fine, eliminating all the problems. Because if we do not transmit culture, we run the risk of being dominated. 3. Choose the option which best completes the following statement: The nature of society from a Marxist point of view is one in which unnatural systems of power must be made to seem as though they are a natural and organic outgrowth of the progress of ------------ Quest.: 3 nature civilization local groups sciences arts 4. What is a 'civilization'? Quest.: 4 Mesopotamia A society which is intellectually accomplished The broadest construction of cultural identity none of the above Europe and the US 5. Weber´s was the type of mind which was continually developing throughout his intellectually productive life. His system of ´sociological theory´ was not meant to stand alone. We dare say that his work may be conceived rather as an introduction to the institutional foundations of the modern economic and social order. For Weber, what is the difference between behavior and action? Quest.: 5 Weber´s action theory would take into consideration the way someone was raised, the family relationships, the human values while behavior is meant to designate the independent significance of the human beings. Weber´s behavior theory is associated with the institutionalization of authority and corporate groups while the action theory deals with the process of systematic development of modern theoretical social sciences. Weber regarded action and behavior basically as synonyms, as one was a consequence of the other. Action, in his opinion, would lead to behavior. According to Weber, behavior takes account of the attitude other people have in relation to us and is thereby oriented in its course. Action is for him unmotivated. Behavior is an automatic response that occurs with little thought, whereas action is the result of a conscious process in which people give meaning to their actions and the world around them. 6. Which theoretical perspective on cultural development rests on the logic of evolution? Quest.: 6 structural-functionalism symbolic-interactionism social-conflict sociobiology none of the above 7. Why are Giddens concepts criticized? Because Quest.: 7 He states that structures tend to control people and there is no way out of it. Giddens addresses the question of who can transform what aspects of social structure and how. Giddens ignores the fact that some individuals don¿t have more agency than others in society, since they have less power. he exaggerates the degree of choice that individuals have over their own lives, and plays down the fact that often our lives are not of our own choosing. Giddens praised too much the liberty a special group of people had. 8. Choose the option which best completes the following statement: Modernization and specialization is an expected and welcome product of that outgrowth and serves to shape society by offering choices based on ----------------------. Quest.: 8 individual desires objective structures massive applications global actions special traits 9. According to theoretical assumptions, the expression 'Subculture' may represent: Quest.: 9 a set of specific cultural elements adopted by a social group, as a micro-group, which may either peacefully coexist in society or constitute a marginal subculture if compared to the culture imposed by the 'cream of the society' (elite). a set of specific social elements adopted by any, as a macro-group, which may either peacefully coexist in society or constitute a marginal subculture if compared to the culture shared by the 'cream of the society' (elite). a set of general cultural elements adopted by a social group, as a micro-group, which may either peacefully coexist in society or constitute a marginal subculture if compared to the culture shared by the 'cream of the society' (elite). a set of specific social elements adopted by any group, as a micro-group, which may either peacefully coexist in society or constitute a marginal subculture if compared to the culture imposed by the 'cream of the society' (elite). a set of general cultural elements adopted by a social group, as a macro-group, which may either peacefully coexist in society or constitute a marginal subculture if compared to the culture imposed by the 'cream of the society' (elite). 10. What ´s the ´ mass society thesis ´? Quest.: 10 It is a kind of society whose arguments owe a great deal to the ideas of traditional Marxism. It is a positive critique to popular culture, giving value to the art which has its origin at the birth of each country. It is a positive view about mass/popular culture. It allows masses of people to think for themselves and dominate the rulers of a state or country. It is a pessimistic critique of mass/popular culture, based on sociological theories such as Marxism. It suggests that popular culture prevents critical and revolutionary thought. It leads to a society where individuals lose their sense of community, their individuality and come to rely on strong authority from above. It is an idea which is based on Adorno´s proccess of creating false needs by making people purchase objects/products they really need in order to provide capitalists with profits. It is a thesis which defends the consumption of cultural products as a means of improving people´s view of culture of their own country.
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