<div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/e03f0b48-1024-4d35-b285-13fe6448c769/bg1.png"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Ciências 2- Fundamental<span class="_0 blank"> </span>1</div></div><div class="c x1 y3 w0 h4"><div class="t m0 x2 h5 y4 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">UNIDADE II</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y5 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Ciências - Fundamental</div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y6 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Capítulo 1: A Constituição da Terra<span class="ff3"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y7 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.1<span class="_1 blank"> </span>Composição da Crosta Terrestre .....................................................................................3</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y8 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.2<span class="_1 blank"> </span>Tipos de solo ....................................................................................................................5</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y9 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.3<span class="_1 blank"> </span>Importância do solo ..........................................................................................................6</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 ya ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.4<span class="_1 blank"> </span>O preparo e a preservação do solo..................................................................................<span class="_2 blank"> </span> 7</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yb ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.5<span class="_1 blank"> </span>O solo e a nossa saúde ....................................................................................................7</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yc ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.6<span class="_1 blank"> </span>Combatendo a erosão do solo ..........................................................................................7</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yd ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.7<span class="_1 blank"> </span>O subsolo brasileiro. .........................................................................................................8</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 ye ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.8<span class="_1 blank"> </span>Rotação de culturas. .........................................................................................................8</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yf ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.9<span class="_1 blank"> </span>Fatores que prejudicam o solo . ........................................................................................8</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y10 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.10<span class="_3 blank"> </span>Poluição do solo. ..........................................................................................................9</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y11 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.11<span class="_3 blank"> </span>Doenças transmitidas pelo solo. .................................................................................<span class="_2 blank"> </span> .9</div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y12 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Capítulo 2: Os continentes em movimento</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y13 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.1Placas.. .............................................................................................................................11</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y14 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.2 Formação das cadeias de montanhas . ..........................................................................<span class="_2 blank"> </span> 12</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y15 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.3 Falhas Geológicas .........................................................................................................<span class="_2 blank"> </span> 12</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y16 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.4 Terremoto . ......................................................................................................................13</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y17 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.5 Vulcões ............................................................................................................................13</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y18 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.6 O universo .......................................................................................................................14</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y19 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.7 A origem segundo os astrônomos ...................................................................................14</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y1a ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.8 O Sol .............................................................................................................................<span class="_4 blank"> </span> .15</div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y1b ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Capítulo 3: O Sistema Solar</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y1c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.1 Plutão perde status de planeta ........................................................................................21</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y1d ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.2 Universo ou cosmos ........................................................................................................21</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y1e ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.3 Estações do ano ..............................................................................................................22</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y1f ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.4 A Lua ..............................................................................................................................<span class="_4 blank"> </span> 22</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y20 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.5 Explorando o espaço ......................................................................................................23<span class="_2 blank"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y21 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> Exercícios de fixação: .....................................................................................................24</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div> <div id="pf2" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w0 h0"><img class="bi x4 y22 w3 h8" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/e03f0b48-1024-4d35-b285-13fe6448c769/bg2.png"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Ciências 2- Fundamental<span class="_0 blank"> </span>2</div></div><div class="c x1 y3 w0 h4"><div class="t m0 x0 h5 y23 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Capítulo 1 \u2013 A CONSTITUIÇÃO DA TERRA</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y24 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Nosso planeta <span class="_5 blank"> </span>possui cerca <span class="_5 blank"> </span>de 70% <span class="_5 blank"> </span>da </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y25 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">superfície coberta por água, sendo que <span class="_1 blank"> </span>os </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y26 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">30% <span class="_6 blank"> </span>restantes <span class="_6 blank"> </span>são <span class="_6 blank"> </span>formados <span class="_6 blank"> </span>pelos </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y27 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">continentes.</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y28 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Bilhões <span class="_1 blank"> </span>de <span class="_1 blank"> </span>anos atrás, <span class="_1 blank"> </span>na <span class="_1 blank"> </span>época <span class="_1 blank"> </span>em </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y29 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">que <span class="_2 blank"> </span>se <span class="_4 blank"> </span>formou, <span class="_2 blank"> </span>a <span class="_2 blank"> </span>Terra <span class="_4 blank"> </span>era <span class="_2 blank"> </span>uma <span class="_2 blank"> </span>grande <span class="_2 blank"> </span>bola </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y2a ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">de <span class="_7 blank"> </span>magma <span class="_7 blank"> </span>(massa <span class="_7 blank"> </span>de <span class="_7 blank"> </span>rochas <span class="_7 blank"> </span>derretidas <span class="_7 blank"> </span>em </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y2b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">altíssima <span class="_8 blank"> </span>temperatura; <span class="_8 blank"> </span>lava <span class="_8 blank"> </span>em <span class="_8 blank"> </span>fogo). <span class="_8 blank"> </span>À </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y2c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">medida <span class="_9 blank"> </span>que <span class="_9 blank"> </span>esfriava, <span class="_9 blank"> </span>sua <span class="_9 blank"> </span>superfície <span class="_9 blank"> </span>foi <span class="_9 blank"> </span>se </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y2d ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">solidificando, <span class="_9 blank"> </span>surgindo, <span class="_9 blank"> </span>assim, <span class="_a blank"> </span>as <span class="_9 blank"> </span>primeiras </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y2e ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">rochas. </div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y2f ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Mais <span class="_b blank"> </span>tarde, <span class="_b blank"> </span>essas <span class="_b blank"> </span>rochas <span class="_b blank"> </span>modificaram </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y30 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">transformando-se <span class="_4 blank"> </span>em <span class="_4 blank"> </span>outras <span class="_b blank"> </span>e <span class="_4 blank"> </span>dando <span class="_4 blank"> </span>origem </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y31 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">aos <span class="_c blank"> </span>diferentes <span class="_c blank"> </span>tipos <span class="_c blank"> </span>de <span class="_c blank"> </span>solos. <span class="_c blank"> </span>Toda <span class="_c blank"> </span>essa </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y32 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">camada <span class="_b blank"> </span>superficial, <span class="_7 blank"> </span>sólida, <span class="_7 blank"> </span>constitui <span class="_b blank"> </span>a <span class="_7 blank"> </span>crosta </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y33 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">terrestre, <span class="_d blank"> </span>também <span class="_d blank"> </span>denominada <span class="_d blank"> </span>litosfera, </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y34 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">[LITO=pedra] <span class="_e blank"> </span>os <span class="_e blank"> </span>cientistas <span class="_e blank"> </span>admitem <span class="_e blank"> </span>a </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y35 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">hipótese <span class="_1 blank"> </span>de <span class="_1 blank"> </span>que, <span class="_f blank"> </span>abaixo <span class="_f blank"> </span>da <span class="_1 blank"> </span>crosta, <span class="_1 blank"> </span>existam </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y36 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">duas <span class="_f blank"> </span>camadas <span class="_f blank"> </span>bem <span class="_1 blank"> </span>definidas, <span class="_f blank"> </span>o <span class="_f blank"> </span>manto <span class="_1 blank"> </span>e <span class="_f blank"> </span>o </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y37 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">núcleo, <span class="_f blank"> </span>cada <span class="_f blank"> </span>uma <span class="_f blank"> </span>com+/- <span class="_f blank"> </span>3 <span class="_1 blank"> </span>mil <span class="_f blank"> </span>quilômetros </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y38 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">de espessura. </div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y39 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A <span class="ff2 ws1">crosta</span> ou <span class="ff2">crosta terrestre</span> é <span class="_5 blank"> </span>a camada mais externa do planeta e <span class="_5 blank"> </span>é a parte superior </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y3a ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">da litosfera, <span class="_5 blank"> </span>com uma <span class="_5 blank"> </span>espessura variável de <span class="_5 blank"> </span>5 a <span class="_5 blank"> </span>70 km. <span class="_5 blank"> </span>A crosta é <span class="_5 blank"> </span>constituída principalmente<span class="_5 blank"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y3b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">por <span class="_5 blank"> </span>basalto <span class="_2 blank"> </span>e <span class="_5 blank"> </span>granito <span class="_5 blank"> </span>e <span class="_10 blank"> </span>fisicamente <span class="_5 blank"> </span>é <span class="_10 blank"> </span>menos <span class="_5 blank"> </span>rígida<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_5 blank"> </span>e <span class="_10 blank"> </span>mais <span class="_5 blank"> </span>fria <span class="_10 blank"> </span>do <span class="_5 blank"> </span>que <span class="_10 blank"> </span>o <span class="_5 blank"> </span>manto<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_5 blank"> </span>e <span class="_10 blank"> </span>o <span class="_5 blank"> </span>núcleo <span class="_10 blank"> </span>da </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y3c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">Terra.</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y3d ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">O <span class="_10 blank"> </span>interior <span class="_10 blank"> </span>da <span class="_2 blank"> </span>Terra, <span class="_10 blank"> </span>assim <span class="_10 blank"> </span>como <span class="_2 blank"> </span>o <span class="_10 blank"> </span>interior <span class="_10 blank"> </span>de <span class="_2 blank"> </span>outros <span class="_10 blank"> </span>planetas <span class="_10 blank"> </span>rochosos, <span class="_2 blank"> </span>é <span class="_10 blank"> </span>dividido <span class="_10 blank"> </span>por </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y3e ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">critérios <span class="_10 blank"> </span>químicos <span class="_2 blank"> </span>em <span class="_2 blank"> </span>uma <span class="_2 blank"> </span>camada <span class="_10 blank"> </span>externa <span class="_2 blank"> </span>(crosta) <span class="_2 blank"> </span>de <span class="_2 blank"> </span>silício, <span class="_2 blank"> </span>um <span class="_10 blank"> </span>manto <span class="_2 blank"> </span>altamente <span class="_2 blank"> </span>viscoso, </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y3f ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">e um <span class="_5 blank"> </span>núcleo que<span class="_5 blank"> </span> consiste <span class="_5 blank"> </span>de uma <span class="_5 blank"> </span>porção sólida<span class="_5 blank"> </span> envolvida <span class="_5 blank"> </span>por uma <span class="_5 blank"> </span>pequena <span class="_5 blank"> </span>camada líquida. </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y40 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Esta <span class="_5 blank"> </span>camada <span class="_5 blank"> </span>líquida <span class="_5 blank"> </span>dá <span class="_5 blank"> </span>origem <span class="_5 blank"> </span>a <span class="_5 blank"> </span>um <span class="_5 blank"> </span>campo <span class="_5 blank"> </span>magnético <span class="_5 blank"> </span>devido <span class="_5 blank"> </span>a <span class="_5 blank"> </span>convecção <span class="_5 blank"> </span>de <span class="_10 blank"> </span>seu <span class="_5 blank"> </span>material, </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y41 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">eletricamente condutor.</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y42 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">O <span class="_2 blank"> </span>material <span class="_4 blank"> </span>do <span class="_2 blank"> </span>interior <span class="_4 blank"> </span>da <span class="_2 blank"> </span>Terra <span class="_4 blank"> </span>encontra <span class="_2 blank"> </span>frequentemente <span class="_4 blank"> </span>a <span class="_2 blank"> </span>possibilidade <span class="_4 blank"> </span>de <span class="_2 blank"> </span>chegar <span class="_4 blank"> </span>à </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y43 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">superfície, <span class="_10 blank"> </span>através <span class="_10 blank"> </span>de <span class="_10 blank"> </span>erupções <span class="_10 blank"> </span>vulcânicas <span class="_5 blank"> </span>e <span class="_10 blank"> </span>fendas <span class="_10 blank"> </span>oceânicas. <span class="_10 blank"> </span>Muito <span class="_10 blank"> </span>da <span class="_10 blank"> </span>superfície <span class="_10 blank"> </span>terrestre </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y44 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">é relativamente <span class="_5 blank"> </span>novo, <span class="_5 blank"> </span>tendo menos <span class="_5 blank"> </span>de 100 <span class="_5 blank"> </span>milhões de <span class="_5 blank"> </span>anos; <span class="_5 blank"> </span>as partes <span class="_5 blank"> </span>mais velhas <span class="_5 blank"> </span>da crosta </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y45 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">terrestre têm até 4,4 mil milhões de anos.</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y46 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Camadas terrestres, a partir da superfície:</div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y47 ff4 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls1">\uf0b7<span class="ff3 fs0 ls0 ws0">Litosfera (de 0 a 60,2km) </span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y48 ff4 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls1">\uf0b7<span class="ff3 fs0 ls0 ws0">Crosta (de 0 a 30/35 km) </span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y49 ff4 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls1">\uf0b7<span class="ff3 fs0 ls0 ws0">Manto (de 60 a 2900 km) </span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y4a ff4 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls1">\uf0b7<span class="ff3 fs0 ls0 ws0">Astenosfera (de 100 a 700 km) </span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y4b ff4 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls1">\uf0b7<span class="ff3 fs0 ls0 ws0">Núcleo externo (líquido - de 2900 a 5100 km) </span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y4c ff4 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls1">\uf0b7<span class="ff3 fs0 ls0 ws0">Núcleo interno (sólido - além de 5100 km) </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y4d ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Tomada por inteiro, a Terra possui aproximadamente seguinte composição em massa:</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y4e ff4 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls1">\uf0b7<span class="ff3 fs0 ls0 ws0">34,6% de Ferro </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y4f ff4 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls1">\uf0b7<span class="ff3 fs0 ls0 ws0">30,2% de Oxigênio </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y50 ff4 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls1">\uf0b7<span class="ff3 fs0 ls0 ws0">15,2% de Silício </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y51 ff4 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls1">\uf0b7<span class="ff3 fs0 ls0 ws0">12,7% de Magnésio </span></div></div><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:73.505000px;bottom:417.906000px;width:42.017000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:374.550000px;bottom:376.512000px;width:45.369000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:419.919000px;bottom:376.512000px;width:4.036000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:423.955000px;bottom:376.512000px;width:48.691000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:102.865000px;bottom:362.714000px;width:48.017000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:298.406000px;bottom:362.714000px;width:32.677000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:356.746000px;bottom:362.714000px;width:30.005000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:415.073000px;bottom:362.714000px;width:33.351000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:87.060000px;bottom:348.916000px;width:35.361000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:257.716000px;bottom:335.118000px;width:36.017000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:293.733000px;bottom:335.118000px;width:3.655000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:297.388000px;bottom:335.118000px;width:55.365000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:132.068000px;bottom:321.319900px;width:46.699000px;height:13.798100px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:176.535000px;bottom:293.724000px;width:49.365000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:225.900000px;bottom:293.724000px;width:3.926000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:229.826000px;bottom:293.724000px;width:56.027000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:300.378000px;bottom:293.724000px;width:36.029000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:336.407000px;bottom:293.724000px;width:3.926000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:340.333000px;bottom:293.724000px;width:54.035000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:92.700000px;bottom:238.532000px;width:46.025000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:92.700000px;bottom:224.734000px;width:35.343000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:92.700000px;bottom:210.936000px;width:33.351000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:92.700000px;bottom:197.138000px;width:64.037000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:92.700000px;bottom:183.340000px;width:37.353000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:130.053000px;bottom:183.340000px;width:3.333000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:133.386000px;bottom:183.340000px;width:40.025000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:92.700000px;bottom:169.542000px;width:37.353000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:130.053000px;bottom:169.542000px;width:3.333000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:133.386000px;bottom:169.542000px;width:36.691000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:128.738000px;bottom:141.946000px;width:28.669000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:128.738000px;bottom:114.148000px;width:47.361000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:128.738000px;bottom:86.349950px;width:32.009000px;height:13.797950px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:128.738000px;bottom:58.551980px;width:52.031000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div> <div id="pf3" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="3"><div class="pc pc3 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x7 y52 w4 h9" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/e03f0b48-1024-4d35-b285-13fe6448c769/bg3.png"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Ciências 2- Fundamental<span class="_0 blank"> </span>3</div></div><div class="c x1 y3 w0 h4"><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y53 ff4 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls1">\uf0b7<span class="ff3 fs0 ls0 ws0">2,4% de Níquel </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y54 ff4 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls1">\uf0b7<span class="ff3 fs0 ls0 ws0">1,9% de Enxofre </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y55 ff4 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls1">\uf0b7<span class="ff3 fs0 ls0 ws0">0,05% de Titânio </span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y56 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">O <span class="_7 blank"> </span>interior <span class="_f blank"> </span>da <span class="_7 blank"> </span>Terra <span class="_7 blank"> </span>atinge <span class="_f blank"> </span>temperaturas <span class="_7 blank"> </span>de <span class="_7 blank"> </span>5.270 <span class="_f blank"> </span>K. <span class="_7 blank"> </span>O <span class="_7 blank"> </span>calor <span class="_7 blank"> </span>interno <span class="_f blank"> </span>do <span class="_7 blank"> </span>planeta <span class="_7 blank"> </span>foi </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y57 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">gerado <span class="_4 blank"> </span>inicialmente <span class="_2 blank"> </span>durante <span class="_4 blank"> </span>sua <span class="_4 blank"> </span>formação, <span class="_4 blank"> </span>e <span class="_2 blank"> </span>calor <span class="_4 blank"> </span>adicional <span class="_4 blank"> </span>é <span class="_4 blank"> </span>constantemente <span class="_2 blank"> </span>gerado <span class="_4 blank"> </span>pelo </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y58 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">decaimento <span class="_7 blank"> </span>de <span class="_f blank"> </span>elementos <span class="_7 blank"> </span>radioativos <span class="_f blank"> </span>como <span class="_7 blank"> </span>urânio, <span class="_f blank"> </span>tório, <span class="_7 blank"> </span>e <span class="_f blank"> </span>potássio. <span class="_7 blank"> </span>O <span class="_f blank"> </span>fluxo <span class="_7 blank"> </span>de <span class="_f blank"> </span>calor <span class="_7 blank"> </span>do </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y59 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">interior <span class="_5 blank"> </span>para a <span class="_5 blank"> </span>superfície <span class="_5 blank"> </span>é <span class="_5 blank"> </span>pequeno <span class="_5 blank"> </span>se comparado <span class="_5 blank"> </span>à <span class="_5 blank"> </span>energia <span class="_5 blank"> </span>recebida <span class="_5 blank"> </span>pelo Sol <span class="_5 blank"> </span>(a <span class="_5 blank"> </span>razão <span class="_5 blank"> </span>é de </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y5a ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">1/20k).</div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y5b ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> 1.1 Composição da Crosta Terrestre<span class="ff3"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y5c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A <span class="_11 blank"> </span>crosta <span class="_11 blank"> </span>terrestre <span class="_11 blank"> </span>é <span class="_11 blank"> </span>formada <span class="_11 blank"> </span>por <span class="_11 blank"> </span><span class="ff2 ws1">minerais</span>. <span class="_11 blank"> </span>Os <span class="_11 blank"> </span>minerais <span class="_11 blank"> </span>geralmente <span class="_11 blank"> </span>se <span class="_11 blank"> </span>acham </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y5d ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">agregados, <span class="_9 blank"> </span>formando <span class="_9 blank"> </span>estruturas <span class="_9 blank"> </span>mais <span class="_9 blank"> </span>complexas <span class="_9 blank"> </span>denominadas rochas. <span class="_9 blank"> </span>Na <span class="_9 blank"> </span>maioria <span class="_9 blank"> </span>das </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y5e ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">vezes <span class="_f blank"> </span>as <span class="_1 blank"> </span>rochas <span class="_1 blank"> </span>são <span class="_f blank"> </span>formadas <span class="_1 blank"> </span>por <span class="_1 blank"> </span>dois <span class="_f blank"> </span>ou <span class="_1 blank"> </span>mais <span class="_1 blank"> </span>tipos <span class="_f blank"> </span>de <span class="_1 blank"> </span>minerais, <span class="_1 blank"> </span>sendo <span class="_f blank"> </span>que <span class="_1 blank"> </span>as <span class="_f blank"> </span>mais </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y5f ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">simples compõem-se apenas de um tipo de mineral.</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y60 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">De <span class="_4 blank"> </span>acordo <span class="_2 blank"> </span>com <span class="_4 blank"> </span>sua <span class="_2 blank"> </span>origem <span class="_4 blank"> </span>as <span class="_4 blank"> </span>rochas <span class="_2 blank"> </span>são <span class="_4 blank"> </span>classificadas <span class="_4 blank"> </span>em <span class="_2 blank"> </span><span class="ff2 ws1">Magmáticas</span> <span class="_4 blank"> </span>ou <span class="_2 blank"> </span><span class="ff2 ws1">Ígneas<span class="_5 blank"> </span></span>, </div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y61 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Sedimentares <span class="ff3 ls2">e</span> Metamórficas<span class="ff3">.</span></div><div class="t m2 x6 ha y62 ff5 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls3">\uf0fc<span class="ff6 ls0 ws0">Rochas Magmáticas </span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y63 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">As <span class="_c blank"> </span>rochas <span class="_12 blank"> </span>magmáticas <span class="_c blank"> </span>ou <span class="_12 blank"> </span>ígneas <span class="_c blank"> </span>tem </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y64 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">origem <span class="_3 blank"> </span>vulcânicas, <span class="_3 blank"> </span>são <span class="_3 blank"> </span>formadas <span class="_3 blank"> </span>por </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y65 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">resfriamento <span class="_13 blank"> </span>e <span class="_13 blank"> </span>solidificação <span class="_13 blank"> </span>do <span class="_13 blank"> </span>magma </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y66 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">quando <span class="_9 blank"> </span>este <span class="_a blank"> </span>atinge <span class="_a blank"> </span>a <span class="_a blank"> </span>superfície <span class="_9 blank"> </span>da<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_9 blank"> </span>crosta </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y67 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">terrestre. São as rochas<span class="_5 blank"> </span> predominantes na </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y68 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">crosta terrestre.</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y69 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">As mais importantes são:</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y6a ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls4">\uf0fc<span class="ff2 ls0 ws1">Granito<span class="ff3 ws0">: <span class="_5 blank"> </span>É <span class="_10 blank"> </span>a <span class="_5 blank"> </span>mais <span class="_10 blank"> </span>antiga <span class="_10 blank"> </span>e <span class="_5 blank"> </span>mais <span class="_10 blank"> </span>comum <span class="_5 blank"> </span>das <span class="_10 blank"> </span>rochas <span class="_5 blank"> </span>ígneas. <span class="_10 blank"> </span>Muito <span class="_5 blank"> </span>dura, <span class="_10 blank"> </span>de <span class="_5 blank"> </span>coloração </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y6b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">variada, e composta de quartzo, mica e feldspato.</div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y6c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">O granito quando <span class="_1 blank"> </span>lapidado serve para: calçamento <span class="_1 blank"> </span>de ruas (paralelepípedo comum) </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y6d ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">guias <span class="_1 blank"> </span>de calçamento, <span class="_1 blank"> </span>construções <span class="_1 blank"> </span>de <span class="_1 blank"> </span>casas, edifícios <span class="_1 blank"> </span>e <span class="_1 blank"> </span>pontes ([pedra <span class="_1 blank"> </span>britada), <span class="_1 blank"> </span>diques, </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y6e ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">muros, pias, monumentos, etc..</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y6f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls4">\uf0fc<span class="ff2 ls0 ws0"> Basalto<span class="ff3">: <span class="_5 blank"> </span>Rocha <span class="_10 blank"> </span>magmática <span class="_5 blank"> </span>muito <span class="_10 blank"> </span>dura, <span class="_5 blank"> </span>rica <span class="_10 blank"> </span>em <span class="_5 blank"> </span>ferro <span class="_5 blank"> </span>e <span class="_10 blank"> </span>de <span class="_5 blank"> </span>coloração <span class="_10 blank"> </span>preta. <span class="_5 blank"> </span>Forma-se </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y70 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">a partir do resfriamento rápido do magma.</div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y71 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A <span class="_b blank"> </span>decomposição <span class="_7 blank"> </span>do <span class="_7 blank"> </span>basalto <span class="_b blank"> </span>sob <span class="_7 blank"> </span>a <span class="_9 blank"> </span>ação <span class="_b blank"> </span>de <span class="_7 blank"> </span>chuvas <span class="_7 blank"> </span>dá <span class="_b blank"> </span>origem <span class="_7 blank"> </span>à <span class="_b blank"> </span>terra <span class="_7 blank"> </span>roxa, <span class="_7 blank"> </span>que <span class="_b blank"> </span>é <span class="_7 blank"> </span>de </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y72 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">grande <span class="_4 blank"> </span>fertilidade, <span class="_10 blank"> </span>principalmente <span class="_10 blank"> </span>para <span class="_10 blank"> </span>o <span class="_10 blank"> </span>plantio <span class="_10 blank"> </span>do <span class="_2 blank"> </span>café, <span class="_10 blank"> </span>sendo <span class="_10 blank"> </span>notada <span class="_10 blank"> </span>essa <span class="_10 blank"> </span>decomposição </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y73 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">no sul de São Paulo e norte do Paraná. </div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y74 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls4">\uf0fc<span class="ff2 ls0 ws1">Pedra-Pomes<span class="ff3 ws0">: <span class="_7 blank"> </span>Rocha <span class="_b blank"> </span>magmática, <span class="_7 blank"> </span>leve <span class="_b blank"> </span>e <span class="_7 blank"> </span>porosa, <span class="_7 blank"> </span>assemelhando-se <span class="_b blank"> </span>a <span class="_7 blank"> </span>uma <span class="_b blank"> </span>espuma </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y75 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">endurecida. É muito utilizada para eliminar calosidades e amaciar a pele.</div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y76 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A <span class="_4 blank"> </span>ação <span class="_b blank"> </span>da <span class="_b blank"> </span>água <span class="_4 blank"> </span>da <span class="_b blank"> </span>chuva, <span class="_4 blank"> </span>dos <span class="_b blank"> </span>mares <span class="_4 blank"> </span>e <span class="_b blank"> </span>dos <span class="_4 blank"> </span>rios, <span class="_b blank"> </span>do <span class="_b blank"> </span>sol <span class="_4 blank"> </span>e <span class="_b blank"> </span>dos <span class="_4 blank"> </span>ventos <span class="_b blank"> </span>faz <span class="_4 blank"> </span>com <span class="_b blank"> </span>que <span class="_4 blank"> </span>as </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y77 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">rochas <span class="_a blank"> </span>magmáticas <span class="_a blank"> </span>se <span class="_a blank"> </span>decomponham <span class="_a blank"> </span>e <span class="_a blank"> </span>que <span class="_a blank"> </span>seus <span class="_a blank"> </span>fragmentos <span class="_a blank"> </span>sejam <span class="_a blank"> </span>carregados <span class="_a blank"> </span>e </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y78 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">depositados em depressões, formando as rochas sedimentares.</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y79 ff8 fs0 fc0 sc1 ls5">\uf0fc<span class="ff2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Rochas Sedimentares:</span></div></div><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:122.064000px;bottom:765.155900px;width:34.687000px;height:13.798100px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:122.064000px;bottom:737.357900px;width:41.355000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:128.738000px;bottom:709.559900px;width:36.017000px;height:13.798100px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:370.978000px;bottom:681.761900px;width:8.003000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:495.244000px;bottom:681.761900px;width:39.369000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:143.242000px;bottom:654.165900px;width:55.365000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:198.607000px;bottom:654.165900px;width:5.578000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:204.185000px;bottom:654.165900px;width:58.031000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:302.715000px;bottom:654.165900px;width:33.357000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:344.983000px;bottom:654.165900px;width:23.343000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:389.488000px;bottom:654.165900px;width:44.695000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:321.400000px;bottom:347.074000px;width:232.848000px;height:147.960000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div> <div id="pf4" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="4"><div class="pc pc4 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y7a w5 hb" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/e03f0b48-1024-4d35-b285-13fe6448c769/bg4.png"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Ciências 2- Fundamental<span class="_0 blank"> </span>4</div></div><div class="c x1 y3 w0 h4"><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y53 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">As <span class="_14 blank"> </span>rochas <span class="_14 blank"> </span>sedimentares <span class="_14 blank"> </span>ou <span class="_14 blank"> </span>estratificadas <span class="_14 blank"> </span>são <span class="_14 blank"> </span>formadas <span class="_14 blank"> </span>pela <span class="_14 blank"> </span>sedimentação <span class="_14 blank"> </span>e </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y7b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">deposição <span class="_b blank"> </span>de <span class="_b blank"> </span>materiais <span class="_b blank"> </span>diversos, <span class="_b blank"> </span>tais <span class="_b blank"> </span>como: <span class="_b blank"> </span>partículas <span class="_b blank"> </span>de <span class="_b blank"> </span>animais <span class="_b blank"> </span>e <span class="_b blank"> </span>vegetais <span class="_b blank"> </span>mortos <span class="_b blank"> </span>e </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y7c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">restos <span class="_1 blank"> </span>de <span class="_1 blank"> </span>outros tipos <span class="_f blank"> </span>de rochas. <span class="_1 blank"> </span>Os <span class="_1 blank"> </span>restos <span class="_1 blank"> </span>de vegetais <span class="_f blank"> </span>e animais <span class="_f blank"> </span>encontrados nas </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y7d ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">rochas sedimentares são chamadas de fósseis.</div><div class="t m0 x8 hc y7e ff6 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">Observação</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y7f ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">Fósseis<span class="ff3 ws0"> <span class="_11 blank"> </span>são <span class="_c blank"> </span>restos <span class="_11 blank"> </span>ou <span class="_11 blank"> </span>impressões <span class="_c blank"> </span>de <span class="_11 blank"> </span>seres </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y80 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">vivos <span class="_c blank"> </span>preservados <span class="_c blank"> </span>nas <span class="_c blank"> </span>rochas <span class="_c blank"> </span>sedimentares <span class="_c blank"> </span>e <span class="_c blank"> </span>que </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y81 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">morreram a milhares de anos atrás .</div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y82 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">São exemplos de rochas sedimentares:</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y83 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">o calcário, argila, o arenito a areia.</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y84 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls4">\uf0fc<span class="ff2 ls0 ws1">Calcário:<span class="ff3 ws0"> <span class="_5 blank"> </span>É <span class="_5 blank"> </span>uma <span class="_5 blank"> </span>rocha <span class="_10 blank"> </span>rica <span class="_5 blank"> </span>em <span class="_5 blank"> </span>carbonato <span class="_5 blank"> </span>de <span class="_5 blank"> </span>cálcio, </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y85 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">substância <span class="_4 blank"> </span>originada <span class="_4 blank"> </span>da <span class="_4 blank"> </span>decomposição <span class="_b blank"> </span>de <span class="_4 blank"> </span>conchas </div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y86 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">e <span class="_b blank"> </span>esqueletos <span class="_b blank"> </span>de <span class="_4 blank"> </span>animais <span class="_b blank"> </span>marinhos <span class="_b blank"> </span>que <span class="_b blank"> </span>viveram <span class="_b blank"> </span>há </div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y87 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">milhares de anos. <span class="_5 blank"> </span>É uma <span class="_5 blank"> </span>rocha mole e <span class="_5 blank"> </span>porosa muito </div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y88 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">útil no nosso dia a dia. É utilizado em: </div><div class="t m0 x9 h7 y89 ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls6">\uf0b7<span class="ff3 ls0 ws0">Pinturas em muros, paredes.</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 h7 y8a ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls6">\uf0b7<span class="ff3 ls0 ws0">Preparação de argamassa ou reboco.</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 h7 y8b ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls6">\uf0b7<span class="ff3 ls0 ws0">Para correção da acidez do sol.</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 h7 y8c ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls6">\uf0b7<span class="ff3 ls0">Giz.</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 h7 y8d ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls6">\uf0b7<span class="ff3 ls0 ws0">Fabricação do cimento, pelo aquecimento a1500oC.</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 h7 y8e ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls6">\uf0b7<span class="ff3 ls0 ws0">Cal,pela queima do calcário, etc.</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y8f ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls4">\uf0fc<span class="ff2 ls0 ws1">Argila<span class="ff3 ws0">: <span class="_4 blank"> </span>É <span class="_2 blank"> </span>uma <span class="_4 blank"> </span>rocha <span class="_2 blank"> </span>sedimentar <span class="_4 blank"> </span>originada <span class="_2 blank"> </span>da <span class="_4 blank"> </span>decomposição <span class="_2 blank"> </span>de <span class="_4 blank"> </span>feldspato.É <span class="_4 blank"> </span>utilizada </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y90 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">na fabricação de telhas, tijolos, e manilhas.</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y91 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls4">\uf0fc<span class="ff2 ls0">Arenito<span class="ff3 ws0">: <span class="_b blank"> </span>É <span class="_b blank"> </span>uma <span class="_b blank"> </span>rocha <span class="_b blank"> </span>sedimentar <span class="_b blank"> </span>, <span class="_b blank"> </span>formada <span class="_b blank"> </span>pela <span class="_b blank"> </span>união </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y92 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">de <span class="_12 blank"> </span>grãos <span class="_12 blank"> </span>de <span class="_12 blank"> </span>areia <span class="_12 blank"> </span>solidamente <span class="_12 blank"> </span>agregados <span class="_12 blank"> </span>por <span class="_12 blank"> </span>uma </div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y93 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">substância <span class="_b blank"> </span>cimentante. <span class="_b blank"> </span>Como <span class="_4 blank"> </span>exemplo <span class="_b blank"> </span>de <span class="_b blank"> </span>arenito <span class="_b blank"> </span>estão </div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y94 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">as <span class="_b blank"> </span>formações <span class="_b blank"> </span>rochosas <span class="_b blank"> </span>de <span class="_b blank"> </span><span class="ff6">Vila <span class="_b blank"> </span>Velha</span>, <span class="_b blank"> </span>próximo <span class="_b blank"> </span>a <span class="_b blank"> </span>Ponta </div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y95 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Grossa, no Paraná.</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y96 ff8 fs0 fc0 sc1 ls5">\uf0fc<span class="ff2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Rochas Metamórficas.</span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y97 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Chamam-se <span class="_f blank"> </span><span class="ff2">rochas <span class="_f blank"> </span>metamórficas</span> <span class="_f blank"> </span>àquelas <span class="_f blank"> </span>que <span class="_f blank"> </span>são <span class="_f blank"> </span>formadas <span class="_f blank"> </span>por <span class="_f blank"> </span>transformações </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y98 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">físicas <span class="_4 blank"> </span>e <span class="_4 blank"> </span>químicas <span class="_4 blank"> </span>sofridas <span class="_4 blank"> </span>por <span class="_4 blank"> </span>outras <span class="_4 blank"> </span>rochas, <span class="_4 blank"> </span>quando <span class="_4 blank"> </span>submetidas <span class="_4 blank"> </span>ao <span class="_4 blank"> </span>calor <span class="_4 blank"> </span>e <span class="_b blank"> </span>à <span class="_4 blank"> </span>pressão <span class="_4 blank"> </span>do </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y99 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">interior da Terra, num processo denominado metamorfismo.</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y9a ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">As <span class="_b blank"> </span>rochas <span class="_4 blank"> </span>metamórficas <span class="_b blank"> </span>são <span class="_b blank"> </span>o <span class="_4 blank"> </span>produto <span class="_b blank"> </span>da <span class="_b blank"> </span>transformação <span class="_b blank"> </span>de <span class="_4 blank"> </span>qualquer <span class="_b blank"> </span>tipo <span class="_b blank"> </span>de <span class="_4 blank"> </span>rocha </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y9b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">levada <span class="_10 blank"> </span>a <span class="_2 blank"> </span>um <span class="_10 blank"> </span>ambiente <span class="_2 blank"> </span>onde <span class="_10 blank"> </span>as <span class="_2 blank"> </span>condições <span class="_10 blank"> </span>físicas <span class="_2 blank"> </span>(pressão, <span class="_2 blank"> </span>temperatura) <span class="_10 blank"> </span>são <span class="_2 blank"> </span>muito <span class="_10 blank"> </span>distintas </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y9c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">daquelas <span class="_5 blank"> </span>onde <span class="_10 blank"> </span>a <span class="_5 blank"> </span>rocha <span class="_10 blank"> </span>se <span class="_5 blank"> </span>formou. <span class="_10 blank"> </span>Nestes <span class="_5 blank"> </span>ambientes, <span class="_10 blank"> </span>os <span class="_5 blank"> </span>minerais <span class="_10 blank"> </span>podem <span class="_5 blank"> </span>se <span class="_5 blank"> </span>tornar <span class="_10 blank"> </span>instáveis </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y9d ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">e <span class="_2 blank"> </span>reagir <span class="_10 blank"> </span>formando<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_10 blank"> </span>outros <span class="_2 blank"> </span>minerais, <span class="_2 blank"> </span>estáveis <span class="_2 blank"> </span>nas <span class="_2 blank"> </span>condições <span class="_2 blank"> </span>vigentes. <span class="_2 blank"> </span>Não <span class="_2 blank"> </span>apenas <span class="_2 blank"> </span>as <span class="_2 blank"> </span>rochas </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y9e ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">sedimentares <span class="_9 blank"> </span>ou <span class="_9 blank"> </span>ígneas <span class="_9 blank"> </span>podem <span class="_9 blank"> </span>sofrer <span class="_9 blank"> </span>metamorfismo, <span class="_9 blank"> </span>as próprias <span class="_9 blank"> </span>rochas <span class="_9 blank"> </span>metamórficas </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y9f ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">também podem, <span class="_5 blank"> </span>gerando uma nova <span class="_5 blank"> </span>rocha metamorfizada <span class="_5 blank"> </span>com diferente <span class="_5 blank"> </span>composição química </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 ya0 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">e/ou física da rocha inicial.</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 ya1 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">São rochas <span class="ff2 ws1">metamórficas</span> o <span class="ff6 ws1">Quartzito</span>, o <span class="ff6 ws1">Gnaisse</span> e o <span class="ff6 ws1">Mármore</span>.</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 ya2 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls4">\uf0fc<span class="ff2 ls0 ws1">Quartzito:<span class="ff3 ws0"> <span class="_8 blank"> </span>É <span class="_15 blank"> </span>originado <span class="_8 blank"> </span>da <span class="_15 blank"> </span>transformação <span class="_8 blank"> </span>do </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 ya3 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">arenito. <span class="_15 blank"> </span>É <span class="_8 blank"> </span>uma<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_8 blank"> </span>rocha <span class="_15 blank"> </span>bastante <span class="_15 blank"> </span>compacta <span class="_15 blank"> </span>e </div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 ya4 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">resistente, sendo muito usado em calçamentos.</div></div><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:56.700000px;bottom:242.877000px;width:34.007000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:106.692000px;bottom:242.877000px;width:48.017000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:266.044000px;bottom:242.877000px;width:36.017000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:438.772000px;bottom:242.877000px;width:26.009000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:492.095000px;bottom:242.877000px;width:42.690900px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:113.392000px;bottom:229.079000px;width:28.669000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:296.812000px;bottom:229.079000px;width:76.013000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:516.772000px;bottom:173.887000px;width:36.016900px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:552.788900px;bottom:173.887000px;width:3.333000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:56.700000px;bottom:160.089000px;width:72.035000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:156.286000px;bottom:160.089000px;width:36.029000px;height:13.798000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:396.900000px;bottom:511.868000px;width:141.048000px;height:156.600000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:414.900000px;bottom:289.172000px;width:127.655000px;height:86.832000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:378.900000px;bottom:-13.029010px;width:190.727000px;height:126.575010px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div> <div id="pf5" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="5"><div class="pc pc5 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi xa ya5 w6 hd" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/e03f0b48-1024-4d35-b285-13fe6448c769/bg5.png"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Ciências 2- Fundamental<span class="_0 blank"> </span>5</div></div><div class="c x1 y3 w0 h4"><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y53 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls4">\uf0fc<span class="ff2 ls0 ws1">Gnaisse:<span class="ff3 ws0"> <span class="_7 blank"> </span>É <span class="_f blank"> </span>uma <span class="_7 blank"> </span>rocha <span class="_7 blank"> </span>muito <span class="_7 blank"> </span>dura,<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_7 blank"> </span>originada <span class="_7 blank"> </span>da </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y7b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">transformação <span class="_11 blank"> </span>do <span class="_11 blank"> </span>granito, <span class="_c blank"> </span>possuindo <span class="_a blank"> </span>a <span class="_c blank"> </span>mesma </div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y7c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">composição deste: Quartzito, Feldespato, e Mica. </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 ya6 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">O Corcovado e o Pão de Açúcar no Rio de Janeiro são formados por gnaisse.</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 ya7 ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls4">\uf0fc<span class="ff2 ls0 ws1">Mármore:<span class="ff3 ws0"> <span class="_7 blank"> </span>Origina-se <span class="_f blank"> </span>da <span class="_7 blank"> </span>transformação <span class="_7 blank"> </span>das <span class="_7 blank"> </span>rochas <span class="_f blank"> </span>calcárias. <span class="_7 blank"> </span>São <span class="_7 blank"> </span>rochas <span class="_f blank"> </span>bastante </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 ya8 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">duras <span class="_c blank"> </span>e <span class="_c blank"> </span>compactas,<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_c blank"> </span>sendo <span class="_c blank"> </span>usadas <span class="_12 blank"> </span>depois <span class="_c blank"> </span>de <span class="_c blank"> </span>polidas, <span class="_12 blank"> </span>em <span class="_c blank"> </span>esculturas <span class="_c blank"> </span>e <span class="_c blank"> </span>como </div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 ya9 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">revestimento de pias, escadas e mesas.</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y2c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">As <span class="_2 blank"> </span>rochas <span class="_4 blank"> </span>que <span class="_2 blank"> </span>formam<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_2 blank"> </span>a <span class="_4 blank"> </span>crosta <span class="_2 blank"> </span>terrestre <span class="_4 blank"> </span>estão <span class="_2 blank"> </span>expostas<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_2 blank"> </span>á <span class="_4 blank"> </span>ação <span class="_2 blank"> </span>de <span class="_4 blank"> </span>diversos <span class="_2 blank"> </span>fatores, </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y2d ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">tais como: as chuvas, os ventos, o frio, o calor, etc.</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y2e ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Estes <span class="_10 blank"> </span>fatores, <span class="_2 blank"> </span>atuando <span class="_10 blank"> </span>em <span class="_2 blank"> </span>conjunto <span class="_10 blank"> </span>sobre <span class="_2 blank"> </span>as <span class="_10 blank"> </span>rochas <span class="_2 blank"> </span>durante <span class="_10 blank"> </span>milhões<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_10 blank"> </span>de <span class="_10 blank"> </span>anos, <span class="_2 blank"> </span>fazem </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y2f ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">com que elas se desgastem, formando pequenas partículas.</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y30 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Essas partículas ao se unirem a restos de animais e vegetais mortos, formam <span class="_5 blank"> </span>o solo.</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y31 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Portanto, <span class="_a blank"> </span>solo <span class="_a blank"> </span>é <span class="_a blank"> </span>a <span class="_a blank"> </span>parte <span class="_a blank"> </span>superficial <span class="_a blank"> </span>da <span class="_11 blank"> </span>crosta <span class="_a blank"> </span>da <span class="_a blank"> </span>Terra, <span class="_a blank"> </span>onde <span class="_a blank"> </span>se <span class="_a blank"> </span>desenvolve <span class="_a blank"> </span>a </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y32 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">vegetação. <span class="_9 blank"> </span>Forma-se <span class="_9 blank"> </span>pela <span class="_9 blank"> </span>desagregação <span class="_9 blank"> </span>de <span class="_a blank"> </span>rochas <span class="_9 blank"> </span>e <span class="_9 blank"> </span>detritos <span class="_9 blank"> </span>de <span class="_9 blank"> </span>seres <span class="_9 blank"> </span>vivos. <span class="_a blank"> </span>Sua </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y33 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">espessura é de aproximadamente 30 centímetros.</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 y35 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> Observação</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 yaa ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">O <span class="_9 blank"> </span>material <span class="_9 blank"> </span>resultante <span class="_9 blank"> </span>da <span class="_9 blank"> </span>decomposição <span class="_9 blank"> </span>dos <span class="_9 blank"> </span>restos <span class="_9 blank"> </span>dos <span class="_9 blank"> </span>seres <span class="_9 blank"> </span>vivos <span class="_9 blank"> </span>(animais <span class="_9 blank"> </span>ou </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 yab ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">vegetais) é denominado humo ou húmus.</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 yac ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Abaixo <span class="_9 blank"> </span>do <span class="_a blank"> </span>solo <span class="_a blank"> </span>se <span class="_a blank"> </span>encontra <span class="_9 blank"> </span>uma <span class="_a blank"> </span>camada <span class="_a blank"> </span>mais <span class="_a blank"> </span>profunda <span class="_a blank"> </span>e <span class="_9 blank"> </span>espessa, <span class="_a blank"> </span>pobre <span class="_a blank"> </span>em </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 yad ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">substancias <span class="_7 blank"> </span>nutritivas, <span class="_7 blank"> </span>onde <span class="_7 blank"> </span>podem <span class="_7 blank"> </span>ser <span class="_7 blank"> </span>encontrados <span class="_7 blank"> </span>os <span class="_7 blank"> </span>lençóis <span class="_7 blank"> </span>de <span class="_7 blank"> </span>água <span class="_7 blank"> </span>subterrâneos, </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 yae ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">denominado de subsolo.</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 yaf ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Em <span class="_5 blank"> </span>algumas <span class="_5 blank"> </span>regiões <span class="_5 blank"> </span>o <span class="_5 blank"> </span>subsolo <span class="_5 blank"> </span>pode <span class="_5 blank"> </span>conter grandes<span class="_5 blank"> </span> jazidas <span class="_5 blank"> </span>de <span class="_5 blank"> </span>minerais <span class="_5 blank"> </span>como <span class="_5 blank"> </span>o <span class="_5 blank"> </span>ouro, </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 yb0 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">diamante, urânio, etc.</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 yb1 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Logo <span class="_5 blank"> </span>abaixo <span class="_10 blank"> </span>do <span class="_5 blank"> </span>subsolo <span class="_10 blank"> </span>se <span class="_10 blank"> </span>encontra <span class="_5 blank"> </span>o <span class="_10 blank"> </span>que <span class="_5 blank"> </span>chamamos <span class="_10 blank"> </span>de <span class="_5 blank"> </span>rocha-matriz <span class="_10 blank"> </span>ou <span class="_10 blank"> </span>rocha-base </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 yb2 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">sobre a qual estão assentados o solo e o subsolo.</div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 yb3 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.2 Tipos de Solos</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 yb4 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Os <span class="_2 blank"> </span>solos <span class="_4 blank"> </span>não <span class="_2 blank"> </span>são <span class="_2 blank"> </span>todos <span class="_4 blank"> </span>iguais. <span class="_2 blank"> </span>Sua <span class="_2 blank"> </span>composição <span class="_4 blank"> </span>pode <span class="_2 blank"> </span>variar <span class="_2 blank"> </span>de <span class="_4 blank"> </span>região <span class="_2 blank"> </span>para <span class="_2 blank"> </span>região <span class="_4 blank"> </span>e </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yb5 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">de <span class="_5 blank"> </span>acordo <span class="_5 blank"> </span>com <span class="_10 blank"> </span>o <span class="_5 blank"> </span>componente <span class="_10 blank"> </span>que <span class="_5 blank"> </span>apresente <span class="_10 blank"> </span>em <span class="_5 blank"> </span>maior <span class="_5 blank"> </span>quantidade. <span class="_10 blank"> </span>Podem <span class="_5 blank"> </span>ser <span class="_10 blank"> </span>classificados </div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 yb6 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">em: <span class="ff2">argiloso, arenosos, calcários</span><span class="ls7"> e </span><span class="ff2 ws1">humíferos</span>.</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 yb7 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Solo Argiloso</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div> <div id="pf6" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="6"><div class="pc pc6 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 yb8 w7 he" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/e03f0b48-1024-4d35-b285-13fe6448c769/bg6.png"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Ciências 2- Fundamental<span class="_0 blank"> </span>6</div></div><div class="c x1 y3 w0 h4"><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y53 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">E <span class="_5 blank"> </span>um <span class="_5 blank"> </span>solo <span class="_5 blank"> </span>rico <span class="_10 blank"> </span>em <span class="_5 blank"> </span>argila, <span class="_5 blank"> </span>sendo <span class="_5 blank"> </span>que <span class="_10 blank"> </span>esta <span class="_5 blank"> </span>, <span class="_5 blank"> </span>em <span class="_5 blank"> </span>grande <span class="_10 blank"> </span>quantidade <span class="_5 blank"> </span>torna <span class="_5 blank"> </span>esses <span class="_10 blank"> </span>tipos <span class="_5 blank"> </span>de <span class="_5 blank"> </span>solos </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y7b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">praticamente <span class="_7 blank"> </span>impermeáveis <span class="_7 blank"> </span>à <span class="_7 blank"> </span>água.<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_7 blank"> </span>Nos <span class="_7 blank"> </span>períodos <span class="_7 blank"> </span>de <span class="_7 blank"> </span>chuva <span class="_f blank"> </span>tornam-se <span class="_b blank"> </span>lamacentos,<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_7 blank"> </span>e <span class="_7 blank"> </span>em </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y7c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">épocas <span class="_f blank"> </span>de <span class="_7 blank"> </span>seca, <span class="_f blank"> </span>tornam-se <span class="_f blank"> </span>quebradiços <span class="_7 blank"> </span>e <span class="_f blank"> </span>racham, <span class="_f blank"> </span>provocando <span class="_7 blank"> </span>a <span class="_f blank"> </span>quebra <span class="_f blank"> </span>das <span class="_7 blank"> </span>raízes <span class="_f blank"> </span>e <span class="_f blank"> </span>a </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y7d ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">morte dos vegetais.</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 yb9 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Solo Arenoso</div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y7e ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">São <span class="_b blank"> </span>solos <span class="_b blank"> </span>que <span class="_b blank"> </span>contém <span class="_b blank"> </span>grande <span class="_b blank"> </span>quantidade <span class="_b blank"> </span>de <span class="_b blank"> </span>areia <span class="_b blank"> </span>e, <span class="_b blank"> </span>portanto, <span class="_b blank"> </span>bastante <span class="_b blank"> </span>permeáveis <span class="_b blank"> </span>à </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yba ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">água. <span class="_2 blank"> </span>A <span class="_2 blank"> </span>dificuldade <span class="_2 blank"> </span>de <span class="_4 blank"> </span>reter <span class="_2 blank"> </span>água <span class="_2 blank"> </span>faz <span class="_2 blank"> </span>com <span class="_2 blank"> </span>que <span class="_2 blank"> </span>a <span class="_4 blank"> </span>vegetação <span class="_2 blank"> </span>se <span class="_2 blank"> </span>desenvolva <span class="_2 blank"> </span>pouco <span class="_2 blank"> </span>em <span class="_2 blank"> </span>solos<span class="_5 blank"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y7f ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">arenosos, <span class="_2 blank"> </span>no <span class="_10 blank"> </span>entanto,<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_10 blank"> </span>existem <span class="_2 blank"> </span>vegetais <span class="_2 blank"> </span>que <span class="_2 blank"> </span>se <span class="_2 blank"> </span>desenvolvem <span class="_2 blank"> </span>bem <span class="_10 blank"> </span>nesse <span class="_2 blank"> </span>tipo <span class="_2 blank"> </span>de <span class="_2 blank"> </span>solo, <span class="_2 blank"> </span>como </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y80 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">os coqueiros, as palmeiras e os cactus.</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 ybb ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Solo Calcário</div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 ybc ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">É <span class="_10 blank"> </span>um <span class="_5 blank"> </span>solo <span class="_10 blank"> </span>cujo <span class="_10 blank"> </span>principal <span class="_10 blank"> </span>componente <span class="_10 blank"> </span>é <span class="_10 blank"> </span>o <span class="_10 blank"> </span>calcário. <span class="_5 blank"> </span>Também <span class="_10 blank"> </span>é <span class="_10 blank"> </span>um <span class="_10 blank"> </span>solo <span class="_10 blank"> </span>permeável <span class="_10 blank"> </span>a <span class="_10 blank"> </span>água </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 ybd ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">e, portanto, seco e pobre, sendo na maioria dos casos, impróprio para a agricultura.</div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 ybe ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Solo Humífero</div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 ybf ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">É <span class="_9 blank"> </span>um <span class="_a blank"> </span>solo <span class="_9 blank"> </span>rico <span class="_9 blank"> </span>em <span class="_a blank"> </span>húmus, <span class="_9 blank"> </span>substância <span class="_a blank"> </span>que <span class="_9 blank"> </span>retém <span class="_a blank"> </span>a <span class="_9 blank"> </span>água <span class="_9 blank"> </span>das <span class="_a blank"> </span>chuvas <span class="_9 blank"> </span>e <span class="_a blank"> </span>minerais, </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yc0 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">componentes <span class="_5 blank"> </span>fundamentais <span class="_10 blank"> </span>ao <span class="_5 blank"> </span>desenvolvimento <span class="_10 blank"> </span>das <span class="_5 blank"> </span>plantas.<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_5 blank"> </span>Este <span class="_10 blank"> </span>tipo <span class="_5 blank"> </span>de <span class="_10 blank"> </span>solo <span class="_5 blank"> </span>é <span class="_10 blank"> </span>encontrado </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yc1 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">em regiões de florestas. São frios, úmidos e muito férteis.</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 yc2 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls8 ws0"> <span class="ff9 ls0">Observação: </span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 yc3 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Um <span class="_d blank"> </span>solo <span class="_d blank"> </span>adequado <span class="_d blank"> </span>para <span class="_16 blank"> </span>a </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yc4 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">agricultura <span class="_3 blank"> </span>deve <span class="_3 blank"> </span>apresentar <span class="_3 blank"> </span>os </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yc5 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">nutrientes <span class="_17 blank"> </span>necessários <span class="_17 blank"> </span>para <span class="_17 blank"> </span>o </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yc6 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">desenvolvimento das <span class="_9 blank"> </span>plantas, além </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yc7 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">de <span class="_f blank"> </span>reter <span class="_1 blank"> </span>uma <span class="_f blank"> </span>quantidade <span class="_f blank"> </span>adequada<span class="_5 blank"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yc8 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">de água.</div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 yc9 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Normalmente <span class="_15 blank"> </span>é <span class="_8 blank"> </span>composto <span class="_15 blank"> </span>por </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yca ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">uma <span class="_c blank"> </span>mistura <span class="_c blank"> </span>equilibrada <span class="_c blank"> </span>de <span class="_c blank"> </span>areia, </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 ycb ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">argila, calcário e húmus.</div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 ycc ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.3 Importância do solo</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 ycd ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Entre <span class="_9 blank"> </span>as <span class="_a blank"> </span>várias <span class="_a blank"> </span>atividades <span class="_a blank"> </span>praticadas <span class="_a blank"> </span>pelo <span class="_9 blank"> </span>ser <span class="_a blank"> </span>humano <span class="_a blank"> </span>no <span class="_a blank"> </span>solo, <span class="_9 blank"> </span>uma <span class="_a blank"> </span>das <span class="_a blank"> </span>mais </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yce ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">importantes <span class="_b blank"> </span>é, <span class="_b blank"> </span>sem <span class="_4 blank"> </span>dúvida<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_b blank"> </span>alguma, <span class="_4 blank"> </span>a <span class="_b blank"> </span>agricultura. <span class="_b blank"> </span>A <span class="_b blank"> </span>população <span class="_b blank"> </span>mundial <span class="_b blank"> </span>está <span class="_b blank"> </span>em <span class="_4 blank"> </span>constante<span class="_5 blank"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 ycf ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">crescimento, <span class="_1 blank"> </span>e <span class="_1 blank"> </span>torna-se <span class="_1 blank"> </span>necessário, <span class="_1 blank"> </span>a <span class="_1 blank"> </span>produção <span class="_1 blank"> </span>de <span class="_1 blank"> </span>alimentos <span class="_1 blank"> </span>em <span class="_1 blank"> </span>quantidades cada <span class="_f blank"> </span>vez </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yd0 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">maiores. <span class="_10 blank"> </span>Para <span class="_5 blank"> </span>isso, <span class="_10 blank"> </span>é <span class="_10 blank"> </span>importante <span class="_10 blank"> </span>se <span class="_10 blank"> </span>manter <span class="_10 blank"> </span>uma <span class="_10 blank"> </span>boa <span class="_5 blank"> </span>qualidade<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_5 blank"> </span>do <span class="_10 blank"> </span>solo, <span class="_10 blank"> </span>uma <span class="_10 blank"> </span>vez <span class="_10 blank"> </span>que <span class="_10 blank"> </span>dessa </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yd1 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">qualidade, depende uma boa colheita.</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 yd2 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Para <span class="_b blank"> </span>que <span class="_b blank"> </span>isso <span class="_7 blank"> </span>ocorra, <span class="_b blank"> </span>é <span class="_7 blank"> </span>importante <span class="_b blank"> </span>tomar <span class="_b blank"> </span>alguns <span class="_7 blank"> </span>cuidados <span class="_b blank"> </span>com <span class="_b blank"> </span>o <span class="_7 blank"> </span>solo <span class="_b blank"> </span>utilizado <span class="_7 blank"> </span>em </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yd3 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">atividades agrícolas. Os mais importantes são:</div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 yd4 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Adubação </div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 yd5 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A <span class="_b blank"> </span>qualidade <span class="_7 blank"> </span>do <span class="_b blank"> </span>solo <span class="_7 blank"> </span>pode <span class="_b blank"> </span>ser <span class="_7 blank"> </span>melhorada <span class="_b blank"> </span>quando <span class="_7 blank"> </span>este <span class="_b blank"> </span>recebe <span class="_7 blank"> </span>os <span class="_b blank"> </span>nutrientes <span class="_7 blank"> </span>que <span class="_b blank"> </span>as </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yd6 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">plantas <span class="_1 blank"> </span>necessitam <span class="_1 blank"> </span>em maior <span class="_f blank"> </span>quantidade para <span class="_f blank"> </span>desenvolverem-se. Esta <span class="_f blank"> </span>complementação </div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 yd7 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">com <span class="_2 blank"> </span>a <span class="_10 blank"> </span>utilização<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_10 blank"> </span>de <span class="_2 blank"> </span>adubos <span class="_2 blank"> </span>é <span class="_2 blank"> </span>chamada <span class="_2 blank"> </span>de <span class="_2 blank"> </span><span class="ff2 ws1">adubação</span>. <span class="_2 blank"> </span>Os <span class="_2 blank"> </span>adubos <span class="_2 blank"> </span>podem <span class="_2 blank"> </span>ser <span class="_2 blank"> </span>de <span class="_2 blank"> </span>dois <span class="_2 blank"> </span>tipos, </div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 yd8 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">minerais<span class="ff3 ls8 ws0"> e </span>orgânicos<span class="ff3">.</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 yd9 ff8 fs0 fc0 sc1 ls5">\uf0fc<span class="ff2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Adubos Minerais ou adubos químicos</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 yda ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Apresentam <span class="_9 blank"> </span>os elementos <span class="_9 blank"> </span>químicos <span class="_9 blank"> </span>indispensáveis à <span class="_9 blank"> </span>vida do <span class="_9 blank"> </span>vegetal, <span class="_9 blank"> </span>tais como: <span class="_9 blank"> </span>o </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 ydb ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">nitrogênio, o fósforo e o potássio.</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y1 ff8 fs0 fc0 sc1 ls5">\uf0fc<span class="ff2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Adubos Orgânicos </span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 ydc ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">São <span class="_f blank"> </span>de <span class="_f blank"> </span>origem <span class="_f blank"> </span>animal <span class="_f blank"> </span>ou <span class="_f blank"> </span>vegetal, <span class="_f blank"> </span>como <span class="_f blank"> </span>o <span class="_f blank"> </span>esterco <span class="_f blank"> </span>do <span class="_f blank"> </span>gado, <span class="_f blank"> </span>de <span class="_f blank"> </span>aves <span class="_f blank"> </span>e <span class="_f blank"> </span>de <span class="_f blank"> </span>suínos, <span class="_f blank"> </span>a </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 ydd ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">farinha de osso, folhas verdes, etc.</div></div><div class="c xb yde w8 hf"><div class="t m0 xc h10 ydf ffa fs4 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">Resultado da fertilidade da terra roxa</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div> <div id="pf7" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="7"><div class="pc pc7 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x5 ye0 w9 h11" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/e03f0b48-1024-4d35-b285-13fe6448c769/bg7.png"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Ciências 2- Fundamental<span class="_0 blank"> </span>7</div></div><div class="c x0 ye1 w2 h12"><div class="t m0 x1 h13 ye2 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.4 O preparo e a preservação do solo</div></div><div class="c x1 y3 w0 h4"><div class="t m0 x0 h6 ye3 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Regras básicas para manter o solo aproveitável</div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 ye4 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">1. <span class="ff6 ws1">Aragem</span><span class="ws0">: <span class="_9 blank"> </span>para <span class="_9 blank"> </span>deixar <span class="_9 blank"> </span>o <span class="_9 blank"> </span>solo <span class="_9 blank"> </span>fofo, <span class="_9 blank"> </span>com <span class="_9 blank"> </span>o <span class="_9 blank"> </span>emprego de <span class="_9 blank"> </span>enxadas, <span class="_9 blank"> </span>pás <span class="_9 blank"> </span>ou <span class="_9 blank"> </span>rastelos </span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 ye5 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(ancinhos), arado ou tratores.</div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 ye6 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">2. <span class="ff6 ws1">Irrigação</span><span class="ws0">: <span class="_1 blank"> </span>processo artificial <span class="_1 blank"> </span>de <span class="_1 blank"> </span>aguar o <span class="_1 blank"> </span>solo <span class="_1 blank"> </span>com <span class="_1 blank"> </span>o bombeamento <span class="_1 blank"> </span>da <span class="_1 blank"> </span>água ou <span class="_1 blank"> </span>a </span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 ye7 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">construção de açudes.</div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 ye8 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">3. <span class="ff6 ws1">Drenagem</span><span class="ws0">: <span class="_5 blank"> </span>retirada<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_5 blank"> </span>do <span class="_10 blank"> </span>excesso <span class="_10 blank"> </span>de <span class="_5 blank"> </span>água <span class="_10 blank"> </span>(com <span class="_10 blank"> </span>bombas <span class="_10 blank"> </span>aspiradoras <span class="_5 blank"> </span>de <span class="_10 blank"> </span>água, <span class="_10 blank"> </span>abertura </span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 ye9 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">de valetas ou aterramento do solo).</div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 yea ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">4. <span class="ff6 ws1">Adubação</span><span class="ws0">: para <span class="_9 blank"> </span>evitar o <span class="_9 blank"> </span>esgotamento de <span class="_9 blank"> </span>certos componentes químicos <span class="_9 blank"> </span>do solo, </span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h6 yeb ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">sobretudo <span class="_b blank"> </span>do <span class="_7 blank"> </span><span class="ff2 ws1">nitrogênio</span> <span class="_7 blank"> </span>(principal <span class="_7 blank"> </span>componente <span class="_b blank"> </span>das <span class="_7 blank"> </span>proteínas), <span class="_7 blank"> </span>do <span class="_b blank"> </span>fósforo <span class="_7 blank"> </span>(para <span class="_7 blank"> </span>as </div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 yec ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">atividades <span class="_f blank"> </span>energéticas) <span class="_7 blank"> </span>e <span class="_f blank"> </span>do <span class="_7 blank"> </span>potássio <span class="_f blank"> </span>(para <span class="_7 blank"> </span>aumentar <span class="_f blank"> </span>a <span class="_7 blank"> </span>resistência <span class="_f blank"> </span>das <span class="_f blank"> </span>plantas <span class="_7 blank"> </span>às </div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 yed ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">doenças).</div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 yee ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">5. <span class="ff6 ws1">Calagem</span><span class="ws0">: <span class="_10 blank"> </span>aplicação <span class="_10 blank"> </span>de <span class="_10 blank"> </span>calcário <span class="_10 blank"> </span>para <span class="_5 blank"> </span>diminuir<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_5 blank"> </span>a <span class="_10 blank"> </span>acidez <span class="_10 blank"> </span>do <span class="_10 blank"> </span>solo, <span class="_10 blank"> </span>facilitando <span class="_10 blank"> </span>a <span class="_10 blank"> </span>absorção </span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 yef ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">dos nutrientes minerais pelas plantas.</div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 yf0 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">6. <span class="ff6 ws0">Rotação de culturas<span class="ff3">: alternância do tipo de cultura para evitar o esgotamento<span class="_5 blank"> </span> do solo.</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 yf1 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.5 O solo e a nossa saúde</div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 yf2 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Saneamento <span class="_2 blank"> </span>básico: <span class="_4 blank"> </span><span class="ff3">tratamento <span class="_2 blank"> </span>e <span class="_4 blank"> </span>distribuição <span class="_2 blank"> </span>de <span class="_2 blank"> </span>água <span class="_4 blank"> </span>nas <span class="_2 blank"> </span>cidades, <span class="_2 blank"> </span>rede <span class="_4 blank"> </span>e <span class="_2 blank"> </span>tratamento <span class="_4 blank"> </span>de </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yf3 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">esgoto e coleta periódica de lixo</div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 yf4 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">Lixo<span class="ff3 ws0">: <span class="_5 blank"> </span>restos <span class="_10 blank"> </span>de <span class="_5 blank"> </span>alimento,<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_5 blank"> </span>fezes, <span class="_10 blank"> </span>animais <span class="_5 blank"> </span>mortos, <span class="_10 blank"> </span>micróbios <span class="_5 blank"> </span>(lixo <span class="_10 blank"> </span>orgânico) <span class="_10 blank"> </span>produtos <span class="_5 blank"> </span>químicos </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yf5 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">tóxicos <span class="_10 blank"> </span>(assim <span class="_b blank"> </span>como <span class="_10 blank"> </span>material <span class="_10 blank"> </span>hospitalar <span class="_10 blank"> </span>e <span class="_2 blank"> </span>medicamentos, <span class="_10 blank"> </span>devem <span class="_10 blank"> </span>ser <span class="_2 blank"> </span>incinerados) <span class="_10 blank"> </span>materiais </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yf6 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">de <span class="_b blank"> </span>papel, <span class="_7 blank"> </span>de <span class="_b blank"> </span>plásticos, <span class="_7 blank"> </span>de <span class="_b blank"> </span>vidros <span class="_7 blank"> </span>e <span class="_b blank"> </span>de <span class="_b blank"> </span>metais<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_b blank"> </span>já <span class="_b blank"> </span>utilizados <span class="_9 blank"> </span>(coleta <span class="_7 blank"> </span>seletiva <span class="_b blank"> </span>que <span class="_7 blank"> </span>permite <span class="_b blank"> </span>a </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yf7 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">reciclagem).</div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 yf8 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Aterro <span class="_5 blank"> </span>sanitário <span class="_5 blank"> </span>ou <span class="_5 blank"> </span>\u201clixão\u201d:<span class="ff3"> <span class="_5 blank"> </span>depressão <span class="_5 blank"> </span>de terreno<span class="_5 blank"> </span> onde <span class="_5 blank"> </span>o <span class="_5 blank"> </span>lixo <span class="_5 blank"> </span>e <span class="_5 blank"> </span>armazenado <span class="_5 blank"> </span>e <span class="_5 blank"> </span>coberto <span class="_5 blank"> </span>com </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yf9 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">argila.</div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 yfa ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Principais doenças transmitidas pelo solo<span class="_5 blank"> </span><span class="ff3">:</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 yfb ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">I <span class="_2 blank"> </span>\u2013 <span class="_2 blank"> </span>Tétano<span class="ff3">: <span class="_2 blank"> </span>causado <span class="_2 blank"> </span>por <span class="_2 blank"> </span>uma <span class="_2 blank"> </span>espécie <span class="_2 blank"> </span>de <span class="_2 blank"> </span>bactéria <span class="_2 blank"> </span>que <span class="_2 blank"> </span>penetra <span class="_2 blank"> </span>em <span class="_2 blank"> </span>nosso <span class="_2 blank"> </span>corpo <span class="_2 blank"> </span>através <span class="_7 blank"> </span>de </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yfc ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ferimentos de pele;</div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 yfd ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">II- <span class="_4 blank"> </span>Ascaridíase<span class="ff3">: <span class="_4 blank"> </span>causada <span class="_2 blank"> </span>pelo <span class="_4 blank"> </span>verme <span class="_4 blank"> </span>\u201cLombriga <span class="_4 blank"> </span>e\u2019transmitida <span class="_2 blank"> </span>ao <span class="_4 blank"> </span>homem <span class="_4 blank"> </span>por <span class="_4 blank"> </span>meio <span class="_4 blank"> </span>de <span class="_2 blank"> </span>água </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yfe ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ou alimentos crus contendo ovos do verme; </div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 yff ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">III <span class="_2 blank"> </span>Ancilostomose<span class="_5 blank"> </span><span class="ff3"> <span class="_2 blank"> </span>(amarelão) <span class="_2 blank"> </span>causada<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_2 blank"> </span>pelos <span class="_4 blank"> </span>vermes <span class="_2 blank"> </span>ancilóstomo <span class="_2 blank"> </span>e <span class="_4 blank"> </span>necator, <span class="_2 blank"> </span>que <span class="_4 blank"> </span>penetram </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y100 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">através da pele dos pés na forma de larva.</div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y101 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">IV:Teníase<span class="ff3 ws0">; <span class="_b blank"> </span>causada <span class="_7 blank"> </span>pelo <span class="_7 blank"> </span>verme <span class="_b blank"> </span>\u201csolitária\u201d <span class="_7 blank"> </span>que <span class="_9 blank"> </span>pode <span class="_b blank"> </span>ser <span class="_7 blank"> </span>encontrada <span class="_b blank"> </span>na <span class="_7 blank"> </span>carne <span class="_b blank"> </span>de <span class="_7 blank"> </span>bois <span class="_b blank"> </span>e </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y102 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">porcos <span class="_4 blank"> </span>na <span class="_4 blank"> </span>forma <span class="_4 blank"> </span>de <span class="_4 blank"> </span>larva( <span class="_4 blank"> </span>cisticerco). <span class="_f blank"> </span>O <span class="_4 blank"> </span>homem <span class="_4 blank"> </span>e <span class="_4 blank"> </span>contaminado <span class="_4 blank"> </span>ao <span class="_4 blank"> </span>ingerir <span class="_2 blank"> </span>a <span class="_4 blank"> </span>carne <span class="_4 blank"> </span>desses </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y103 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">animais mal-cozida. </div></div><div class="c x0 y104 w2 h12"><div class="t m0 x1 h13 ye2 ff2 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.6 Combatendo a erosão do solo.</div></div><div class="c x1 y3 w0 h4"><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y105 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> Erosão<span class="ff3">: <span class="_10 blank"> </span>remoção <span class="_10 blank"> </span>do <span class="_5 blank"> </span>solo<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_5 blank"> </span>provocado <span class="_10 blank"> </span>pelas <span class="_10 blank"> </span>chuvas <span class="_10 blank"> </span>(erosão <span class="_5 blank"> </span>pluvial<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_5 blank"> </span>) <span class="_10 blank"> </span>pela <span class="_10 blank"> </span>água <span class="_10 blank"> </span>dos <span class="_5 blank"> </span>rios </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y106 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">( <span class="_5 blank"> </span>erosão <span class="_5 blank"> </span>fluvial <span class="_5 blank"> </span>) <span class="_5 blank"> </span>por <span class="_10 blank"> </span>ação <span class="_5 blank"> </span>de <span class="_5 blank"> </span>geleiras <span class="_5 blank"> </span>( <span class="_5 blank"> </span>erosão <span class="_10 blank"> </span>glacial <span class="_5 blank"> </span>) <span class="_5 blank"> </span>por <span class="_5 blank"> </span>ação <span class="_5 blank"> </span>da <span class="_5 blank"> </span>água <span class="_10 blank"> </span>dos <span class="_5 blank"> </span>mares <span class="_5 blank"> </span>(erosão </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y107 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">marinha ) por ação dos ventos ( erosão eólica) </div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div> <div id="pf8" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="8"><div class="pc pc8 w0 h0"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Ciências 2- Fundamental<span class="_0 blank"> </span>8</div></div><div class="c x1 y3 w0 h4"><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y7b ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Proteção de solos inclinados contra a erosão<span class="_5 blank"> </span> pluvial:</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y108 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">a) <span class="ff2 ws0">curvas de nível<span class="ff3">; plantio em sulcos;</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y109 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">b) <span class="ff2 ws1">terraceamento</span><span class="ws0">; plantio em degraus ; </span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y10a ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">c) <span class="ff2 ws0">faixas de retenção<span class="ff3">: plantação de mudas próximas umas das outras</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y10b ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Conseqüências da erosão:</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y10c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">a) <span class="ff2 ws1">eólica</span><span class="ws0">: formação de dunas ; </span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y10d ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">b) <span class="ff2 ws1">marítima</span><span class="ws0"> ( abrasão) : desgastes de pontas de terra, podendo originar ilhas ;<span class="_5 blank"> </span> </span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y10e ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws2">c) <span class="ff2 ws1">fluvial:</span><span class="ws0"> mudança do curso dos rios.</span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y10f ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Atividade humana e a erosão do solo:</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y110 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Desmatamento sem planejamento para: </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y111 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- industrialização da madeira;</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y112 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- construção de estradas;</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y113 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- abertura de campos de pastagens;</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y114 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">- construção de moradias. </div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y115 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.7 O subsolo brasileiro. </div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y116 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws1">Jazidas<span class="ff3 ws0">: <span class="_4 blank"> </span>locais <span class="_b blank"> </span>onde <span class="_4 blank"> </span>se <span class="_b blank"> </span>acumularam <span class="_4 blank"> </span>substancias <span class="_b blank"> </span>minerais <span class="_4 blank"> </span>(metais <span class="_b blank"> </span>e <span class="_4 blank"> </span>pedras <span class="_b blank"> </span>preciosas) <span class="_4 blank"> </span>ou </span></div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yaa ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">orgânicas ( petróleo e carvão de pedra ) que podem ser exploradas economicamente.</div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 yac ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Jazidas minerais:</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 yad ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">a)<span class="_15 blank"> </span>de <span class="ff2 ws1">alumínio</span> ( extraído do minério bauxita);</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 yae ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">b)<span class="_15 blank"> </span>de <span class="_7 blank"> </span><span class="ff2 ws1">cobre</span>, <span class="_f blank"> </span>com <span class="_f blank"> </span>o <span class="_7 blank"> </span>qual <span class="_f blank"> </span>se <span class="_7 blank"> </span>fabricam <span class="_f blank"> </span>ligas <span class="_f blank"> </span>como <span class="_7 blank"> </span>o <span class="_f blank"> </span>latão <span class="_7 blank"> </span>(cobre <span class="_f blank"> </span>+ <span class="_7 blank"> </span>zinco) <span class="_f blank"> </span>e <span class="_f blank"> </span>o <span class="_7 blank"> </span>bronze </div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 yaf ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">(cobre + estanho); </div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 yb0 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">c)<span class="_18 blank"> </span>de <span class="ff2 ws1">chumbo</span> (extraído do minério galena)</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 yb1 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">d)<span class="_15 blank"> </span>de <span class="ff2 ws1">ferro</span> (extraído do minério hematita), que com o carbono forma o aço</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 yb2 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">e)<span class="_15 blank"> </span>de <span class="ff2 ws1">ouro</span>, em rochas , em veios , em leitos, de rios e na lama ;</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y117 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">f)<span class="_d blank"> </span>de <span class="_f blank"> </span><span class="ff2">pedras <span class="_7 blank"> </span>preciosas</span>, <span class="_f blank"> </span>como <span class="_7 blank"> </span>o <span class="_f blank"> </span>rubi <span class="_7 blank"> </span>a, <span class="_f blank"> </span>esmeralda <span class="_7 blank"> </span>o <span class="_f blank"> </span>diamante <span class="_7 blank"> </span>(utilizado <span class="_f blank"> </span>para <span class="_7 blank"> </span>cortar </div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y118 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">vidro e mármore; de;pois de lapidado, constitui o brilhante.</div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y119 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Jazidas orgânicas<span class="ff3">:</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y11a ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">a) <span class="ff2 ws0">carvão <span class="_7 blank"> </span>de <span class="_f blank"> </span>pedra<span class="ff3"> <span class="_7 blank"> </span>(hulha): <span class="_f blank"> </span>quando <span class="_7 blank"> </span>queimado <span class="_f blank"> </span>em <span class="_7 blank"> </span>usinas <span class="_f blank"> </span>siderúrgicas, <span class="_7 blank"> </span>fornece <span class="_f blank"> </span>calor </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y11b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">suficiente para derreter minérios;</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y11c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws3">b) <span class="ff2 ws1">petróleo</span><span class="ws0">: <span class="_1 blank"> </span>acumulados <span class="_1 blank"> </span>em rochas <span class="_14 blank"> </span>sedimentares <span class="_1 blank"> </span>e <span class="_1 blank"> </span>porosas <span class="_1 blank"> </span>, constituído <span class="_f blank"> </span>por uma </span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y11d ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">mistura de substancias , produz gases <span class="_1 blank"> </span>naturais<span class="_5 blank"> </span> (metano) GLP (gás liquefeito de </div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y11e ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">petróleo utilizado nos fogões <span class="_5 blank"> </span>) éter benzina , gasolina , <span class="_5 blank"> </span>querosene, óleos combustíveis </div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y11f ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">e lubrificantes , parafina, vaselina , piche.</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y120 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">.<span class="_19 blank"> </span>Também é <span class="_5 blank"> </span>muito bom <span class="_5 blank"> </span>para o solo <span class="_5 blank"> </span>o plantio <span class="_5 blank"> </span>de plantas <span class="_5 blank"> </span>chamadas leguminosas <span class="_5 blank"> </span>como o </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y121 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">feijão, a soja e a ervilha. Nas raízes dessas plantas vivem bactérias que <span class="_1a blank"> </span>absorvem o </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y122 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">nitrogênio do ar, enriquecendo o solo com esse elemento.</div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y123 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.8 Rotação de Culturas</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y124 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">As <span class="_9 blank"> </span>necessidades <span class="_a blank"> </span>de <span class="_9 blank"> </span>nutrientes <span class="_a blank"> </span>do <span class="_a blank"> </span>solo <span class="_9 blank"> </span>que <span class="_a blank"> </span>cada <span class="_9 blank"> </span>tipo <span class="_a blank"> </span>de <span class="_9 blank"> </span>planta <span class="_a blank"> </span>apresenta <span class="_9 blank"> </span>são<span class="_5 blank"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y125 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">diferentes. <span class="_f blank"> </span>Uma <span class="_1 blank"> </span>necessita <span class="_1 blank"> </span>mais <span class="_f blank"> </span>de <span class="_1 blank"> </span>magnésio; <span class="_1 blank"> </span>a <span class="_f blank"> </span>outra<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_f blank"> </span>mais <span class="_1 blank"> </span>de <span class="_f blank"> </span>fósforo;<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_f blank"> </span>a <span class="_1 blank"> </span>outra <span class="_f blank"> </span>mais<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_f blank"> </span>de </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yb3 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">nitrogênio <span class="_4 blank"> </span>etc. <span class="_4 blank"> </span>por <span class="_4 blank"> </span>isso, <span class="_4 blank"> </span>os <span class="_4 blank"> </span>elementos <span class="_4 blank"> </span>retirados <span class="_4 blank"> </span>pelos <span class="_2 blank"> </span>vegetais <span class="_4 blank"> </span>não <span class="_4 blank"> </span>são <span class="_4 blank"> </span>os <span class="_4 blank"> </span>mesmos. <span class="_4 blank"> </span>Se <span class="_4 blank"> </span>for </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y126 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">plantado <span class="_2 blank"> </span>sempre <span class="_4 blank"> </span>o <span class="_2 blank"> </span>mesmo <span class="_2 blank"> </span>tipo <span class="_4 blank"> </span>de <span class="_2 blank"> </span>planta <span class="_4 blank"> </span>em <span class="_2 blank"> </span>um <span class="_2 blank"> </span>solo, <span class="_4 blank"> </span>ele <span class="_2 blank"> </span>acabará <span class="_4 blank"> </span>se <span class="_2 blank"> </span>esgotando <span class="_2 blank"> </span>de <span class="_4 blank"> </span>certos </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yb4 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">nutrientes. <span class="_4 blank"> </span>Esse <span class="_2 blank"> </span>esgotamento <span class="_4 blank"> </span>é <span class="_4 blank"> </span>muito <span class="_2 blank"> </span>comum <span class="_4 blank"> </span>na <span class="_4 blank"> </span>monocultura, <span class="_2 blank"> </span>o <span class="_4 blank"> </span>que <span class="_4 blank"> </span>não <span class="_2 blank"> </span>ocorre <span class="_4 blank"> </span>quando <span class="_4 blank"> </span>é </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yb5 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">feito <span class="_2 blank"> </span>um <span class="_2 blank"> </span>rodízio <span class="_2 blank"> </span>com <span class="_2 blank"> </span>a <span class="_2 blank"> </span>utilização <span class="_2 blank"> </span>de <span class="_2 blank"> </span>dois <span class="_2 blank"> </span>ou <span class="_2 blank"> </span>três <span class="_2 blank"> </span>tipos <span class="_2 blank"> </span>de <span class="_2 blank"> </span>plantas <span class="_2 blank"> </span>diferentes. <span class="_2 blank"> </span>Cada <span class="_2 blank"> </span>uma <span class="_2 blank"> </span>usa </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yb6 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">em maior quantidade um tipo de nutriente, mantendo o solo fértil por <span class="_5 blank"> </span>um tempo maior.</div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 yb7 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.9 Fatores que prejudicam o Solo </div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div> <div id="pf9" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="9"><div class="pc pc9 w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi xd y127 wa h14" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/e03f0b48-1024-4d35-b285-13fe6448c769/bg9.png"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Ciências 2- Fundamental<span class="_0 blank"> </span>9</div></div><div class="c x1 y3 w0 h4"><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y7b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Diversos são <span class="_5 blank"> </span>os <span class="_5 blank"> </span>fatores <span class="_5 blank"> </span>que prejudicam <span class="_5 blank"> </span>o <span class="_5 blank"> </span>solo, muitos <span class="_5 blank"> </span>deles <span class="_5 blank"> </span>provocados pelo <span class="_5 blank"> </span>homem. </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y7c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Os mais importantes são a erosão, o desmatamento e as queimadas.</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y7d ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">As <span class="_b blank"> </span>rochas <span class="_7 blank"> </span>e <span class="_b blank"> </span>os <span class="_b blank"> </span>solos <span class="_7 blank"> </span>estão <span class="_b blank"> </span>freqüentemente <span class="_7 blank"> </span>expostos <span class="_b blank"> </span>à <span class="_b blank"> </span>ação <span class="_7 blank"> </span>dos <span class="_b blank"> </span>ventos, <span class="_7 blank"> </span>das <span class="_b blank"> </span>chuvas, <span class="_b blank"> </span>da </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y128 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">água dos rios e dos mares, das variações de temperaturas, etc.</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 ya6 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Como <span class="_c blank"> </span>conseqüência <span class="_12 blank"> </span>da <span class="_c blank"> </span>soma <span class="_12 blank"> </span>destes <span class="_12 blank"> </span>fatores, <span class="_c blank"> </span>podem <span class="_12 blank"> </span>ocorrer <span class="_c blank"> </span>o <span class="_12 blank"> </span>desgaste <span class="_c blank"> </span>e <span class="_12 blank"> </span>a </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 yb9 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">fragmentação do solo e das rochas, bem como, <span class="_1 blank"> </span>o transporte dos fragmentos à outras </div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y7e ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">regiões. A esse processo dá-se o nome de <span class="ff2 ws1">erosão</span>.</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y7f ff8 fs0 fc0 sc1 ls5">\uf0fc<span class="ff2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Erosão Pluvial</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y80 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">É <span class="_2 blank"> </span>o <span class="_2 blank"> </span>tipo <span class="_2 blank"> </span>de <span class="_2 blank"> </span>erosão <span class="_2 blank"> </span>mais <span class="_2 blank"> </span>danosa <span class="_2 blank"> </span>para <span class="_4 blank"> </span>o <span class="_10 blank"> </span>solo. <span class="_2 blank"> </span>É <span class="_4 blank"> </span>causada <span class="_10 blank"> </span>pela <span class="_2 blank"> </span>água <span class="_2 blank"> </span>das <span class="_4 blank"> </span>chuvas <span class="_10 blank"> </span>e <span class="_2 blank"> </span>ocorre </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y81 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">principalmente, <span class="_10 blank"> </span>em <span class="_10 blank"> </span>áreas <span class="_10 blank"> </span>que <span class="_5 blank"> </span>perderam<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_5 blank"> </span>a <span class="_10 blank"> </span>cobertura <span class="_10 blank"> </span>vegetal. <span class="_10 blank"> </span>É <span class="_10 blank"> </span>muito <span class="_10 blank"> </span>comum <span class="_10 blank"> </span>atualmente </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y129 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">em <span class="_5 blank"> </span>função <span class="_5 blank"> </span>do <span class="_10 blank"> </span>constante <span class="_5 blank"> </span>desmatamento <span class="_5 blank"> </span>que <span class="_10 blank"> </span>vem <span class="_5 blank"> </span>sofrendo <span class="_5 blank"> </span>as <span class="_10 blank"> </span>áreas <span class="_5 blank"> </span>de <span class="_5 blank"> </span>florestas <span class="_10 blank"> </span>para <span class="_5 blank"> </span>dar </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y12a ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">lugar a agricultura e à agropecuária.</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 ybe ff8 fs0 fc0 sc1 ls5">\uf0fc<span class="ff2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Erosão Eólica</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 ybf ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">É <span class="_4 blank"> </span>causada <span class="_b blank"> </span>pela <span class="_4 blank"> </span>ação <span class="_4 blank"> </span>dos <span class="_b blank"> </span>ventos. <span class="_4 blank"> </span>Um <span class="_b blank"> </span>exemplo <span class="_4 blank"> </span>deste <span class="_4 blank"> </span>tipo <span class="_b blank"> </span>de <span class="_4 blank"> </span>erosão <span class="_b blank"> </span>são <span class="_4 blank"> </span>as <span class="_4 blank"> </span>formações </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 yc0 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">rochosas que ocorrem em Vila Velha, no Paraná.</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y12b ff8 fs0 fc0 sc1 ls5">\uf0fc<span class="ff2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Erosão Glacial</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y12c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">É causada pelas águas provenientes do degelo das geleiras.</div><div class="t m0 x6 h6 y12d ff8 fs0 fc0 sc1 ls5">\uf0fc<span class="ff2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Erosão Marítima</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y12e ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">É causada pela <span class="_5 blank"> </span>ação da água do <span class="_5 blank"> </span>mar que modela <span class="_5 blank"> </span>as costas litorâneas através<span class="_5 blank"> </span> do choque </div><div class="t m0 x6 h7 y12f ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">das ondas, das correntes marítimas e dos depósitos de sedimentos.</div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y130 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Como evitar a erosão </div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y131 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A <span class="_1 blank"> </span>erosão <span class="_f blank"> </span>pode <span class="_1 blank"> </span>ser <span class="_1 blank"> </span>evitada <span class="_1 blank"> </span>se <span class="_1 blank"> </span>o <span class="_f blank"> </span>solo<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_f blank"> </span>permanecer <span class="_1 blank"> </span>coberto <span class="_1 blank"> </span>pela <span class="_1 blank"> </span>vegetação. <span class="_1 blank"> </span>Dessa </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y132 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">forma <span class="_4 blank"> </span>a <span class="_4 blank"> </span>água <span class="_4 blank"> </span>da <span class="_4 blank"> </span>chuva <span class="_b blank"> </span>é <span class="_4 blank"> </span>retida <span class="_4 blank"> </span>pelas <span class="_4 blank"> </span>folhas <span class="_4 blank"> </span>e <span class="_4 blank"> </span>galhos <span class="_4 blank"> </span>das <span class="_b blank"> </span>plantas, <span class="_4 blank"> </span>chegando <span class="_4 blank"> </span>ao <span class="_4 blank"> </span>solo <span class="_4 blank"> </span>com </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y133 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">menor <span class="_2 blank"> </span>força <span class="_10 blank"> </span>evitando <span class="_10 blank"> </span>assim, <span class="_5 blank"> </span>o <span class="_10 blank"> </span>seu <span class="_10 blank"> </span>desgaste. <span class="_5 blank"> </span>Outras <span class="_10 blank"> </span>formas <span class="_10 blank"> </span>complementares <span class="_10 blank"> </span>de <span class="_5 blank"> </span>se <span class="_10 blank"> </span>evitar <span class="_10 blank"> </span>a </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y134 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">erosão <span class="_4 blank"> </span>também <span class="_2 blank"> </span>podem <span class="_4 blank"> </span>ser <span class="_4 blank"> </span>utilizadas, <span class="_4 blank"> </span>tais <span class="_2 blank"> </span>como <span class="_4 blank"> </span>o <span class="_f blank"> </span>terraceamento, <span class="_4 blank"> </span>as <span class="_2 blank"> </span>curvas <span class="_4 blank"> </span>de <span class="_4 blank"> </span>nível <span class="_2 blank"> </span>e <span class="_4 blank"> </span>as </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y135 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">faixas de contenção.</div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y136 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.10 Poluição do solo</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y137 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Sabemos <span class="_1b blank"> </span>que <span class="_1b blank"> </span>um <span class="_1b blank"> </span>solo <span class="_1b blank"> </span>está </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y138 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">poluído <span class="_5 blank"> </span>quando <span class="_5 blank"> </span>apresenta <span class="_5 blank"> </span>substâncias </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y139 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">nocivas <span class="_1c blank"> </span>que <span class="_1c blank"> </span>alteram <span class="_1c blank"> </span>suas </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y13a ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">características, <span class="_d blank"> </span>tornando-se <span class="_16 blank"> </span>assim, </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y13b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">impróprio <span class="_1b blank"> </span>para <span class="_1b blank"> </span>a <span class="_1b blank"> </span>sobrevivência <span class="_1b blank"> </span>da </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y13c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">maioria <span class="_d blank"> </span>dos <span class="_d blank"> </span>seres <span class="_d blank"> </span>vivos. <span class="_d blank"> </span>Essas </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y13d ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">substâncias <span class="_1d blank"> </span>prejudiciais <span class="_1d blank"> </span>são </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y13e ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">denominadas poluentes. Os poluentes</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y13f ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> que <span class="_10 blank"> </span>mais <span class="_10 blank"> </span>prejudicam <span class="_2 blank"> </span>o <span class="_10 blank"> </span>solo <span class="_2 blank"> </span>são: <span class="_10 blank"> </span>o <span class="_10 blank"> </span>lixo <span class="_2 blank"> </span>doméstico, <span class="_10 blank"> </span>tratado <span class="_2 blank"> </span>e <span class="_10 blank"> </span>depositado <span class="_10 blank"> </span>de <span class="_2 blank"> </span>forma <span class="_10 blank"> </span>incorreta, </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y140 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">agrotóxicos <span class="_a blank"> </span>utilizados <span class="_a blank"> </span>de <span class="_9 blank"> </span>forma <span class="_a blank"> </span>incorreta, <span class="_a blank"> </span>agrotóxicos <span class="_a blank"> </span>utilizados <span class="_a blank"> </span>de <span class="_a blank"> </span>forma <span class="_a blank"> </span>incorreta <span class="_a blank"> </span>no </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y141 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">combate às pragas da lavoura resíduos tóxicos de atividades industriais.</div><div class="t m0 x0 h6 y142 ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.111////// Doenças transmitidas pelo solo</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y143 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Muitas <span class="_11 blank"> </span>doenças <span class="_11 blank"> </span>podem <span class="_11 blank"> </span>chegar <span class="_11 blank"> </span>até <span class="_11 blank"> </span>o <span class="_11 blank"> </span>homem <span class="_a blank"> </span>através<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_a blank"> </span>do <span class="_11 blank"> </span>solo,caso <span class="_11 blank"> </span>este <span class="_11 blank"> </span>esteja </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y144 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">contaminado <span class="_1 blank"> </span>com <span class="_1 blank"> </span>micróbios, <span class="_1 blank"> </span>ovos <span class="_1 blank"> </span>e <span class="_1 blank"> </span>larvas <span class="_1 blank"> </span>de <span class="_1 blank"> </span>vermes. <span class="_1 blank"> </span>Algumas <span class="_1 blank"> </span>dessas <span class="_1 blank"> </span>doenças <span class="_1 blank"> </span>são <span class="_1 blank"> </span>o </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y145 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">tétano, o amarelão, as ascaridíase, a teníase e o bicho geográfico.</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div> <div id="pfa" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="a"><div class="pc pca w0 h0"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi xe y146 w5 h15" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/e03f0b48-1024-4d35-b285-13fe6448c769/bga.png"><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Ciências 2- Fundamental<span class="_0 blank"> </span>10</div></div><div class="c x1 y3 w0 h4"><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y53 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Outras <span class="_5 blank"> </span>doenças <span class="_10 blank"> </span>que <span class="_5 blank"> </span>podem <span class="_5 blank"> </span>chegar <span class="_10 blank"> </span>ao <span class="_5 blank"> </span>homem <span class="_5 blank"> </span>através <span class="_10 blank"> </span>do <span class="_5 blank"> </span>solo <span class="_10 blank"> </span>são <span class="_5 blank"> </span>aquelas <span class="_5 blank"> </span>causadas </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y7b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">pelo <span class="_5 blank"> </span>uso <span class="_10 blank"> </span>indiscriminado <span class="_5 blank"> </span>de <span class="_10 blank"> </span>agrotóxicos <span class="_5 blank"> </span>e <span class="_10 blank"> </span>pesticidas <span class="_5 blank"> </span>que <span class="_10 blank"> </span>muitas <span class="_5 blank"> </span>vezes <span class="_10 blank"> </span>podem <span class="_10 blank"> </span>até <span class="_5 blank"> </span>levar <span class="_10 blank"> </span>o <span class="_5 blank"> </span>ser </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y7c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">humano a morte.</div><div class="t m0 x0 h5 y147 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Capítulo 2: OS CONTINENTES EM <span class="_5 blank"> </span>MOVIMENTO</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y148 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Você <span class="_7 blank"> </span>já <span class="_7 blank"> </span>se <span class="_f blank"> </span>perguntou <span class="_7 blank"> </span>por <span class="_7 blank"> </span>que <span class="_7 blank"> </span>certos <span class="_7 blank"> </span>países <span class="_f blank"> </span>sofrem <span class="_7 blank"> </span>mais <span class="_7 blank"> </span>com <span class="_7 blank"> </span>terremotos <span class="_f blank"> </span>e <span class="_b blank"> </span>as <span class="_f blank"> </span>erupções </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y149 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">vulcânicas?</div><div class="t m0 x0 h5 y14a ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Teoria das Placas explica a causa dos <span class="_5 blank"> </span>terremotos</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y14b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A <span class="_8 blank"> </span>Terra <span class="_8 blank"> </span>está <span class="_8 blank"> </span>em <span class="_15 blank"> </span>constante <span class="_8 blank"> </span>movimento. <span class="_8 blank"> </span>A <span class="_8 blank"> </span>prova <span class="_8 blank"> </span>disso <span class="_15 blank"> </span>são <span class="_8 blank"> </span>as <span class="_8 blank"> </span>constantes </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y14c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">manifestações <span class="_5 blank"> </span>da natureza, <span class="_5 blank"> </span>muitas <span class="_5 blank"> </span>vezes imprevisíveis <span class="_5 blank"> </span>para <span class="_5 blank"> </span>o <span class="_5 blank"> </span>homem. Não <span class="_5 blank"> </span>é <span class="_5 blank"> </span>possível saber </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y14d ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">quando um terremoto irá ocorrer, mas é possível entender como ele funciona.</div><div class="t m0 x5 h7 y14e ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">A <span class="_10 blank"> </span>natureza <span class="_2 blank"> </span>se <span class="_10 blank"> </span>manifesta<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_10 blank"> </span>de <span class="_2 blank"> </span>diversas </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y14f ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">formas. <span class="_1 blank"> </span>Terremotos, vulcões <span class="_1 blank"> </span>em <span class="_1 blank"> </span>erupção, </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y150 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">furações, <span class="_4 blank"> </span>tornados.<span class="_5 blank"> </span> <span class="_4 blank"> </span>Tudo <span class="_b blank"> </span>isso <span class="_4 blank"> </span>prova <span class="_b blank"> </span>que <span class="_b blank"> </span>a </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y151 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Terra <span class="_5 blank"> </span>não pára <span class="_5 blank"> </span>de <span class="_5 blank"> </span>se <span class="_5 blank"> </span>movimentar. <span class="_5 blank"> </span>No <span class="_5 blank"> </span>caso </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y152 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">dos <span class="_9 blank"> </span>terremotos, <span class="_9 blank"> </span>por <span class="_9 blank"> </span>exemplo, <span class="_9 blank"> </span>a <span class="_9 blank"> </span>previsão </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y153 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">não <span class="_1a blank"> </span>é <span class="_9 blank"> </span>possível. <span class="_9 blank"> </span>Mas <span class="_9 blank"> </span>como <span class="_1a blank"> </span>acontece <span class="_9 blank"> </span>um </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y154 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">terremoto? <span class="_d blank"> </span>Por <span class="_d blank"> </span>que <span class="_1e blank"> </span>ocorre <span class="_d blank"> </span>em <span class="_d blank"> </span>um </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y155 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">determinado <span class="_f blank"> </span>local <span class="_7 blank"> </span>e <span class="_f blank"> </span>em <span class="_f blank"> </span>outro <span class="_f blank"> </span>não? <span class="_7 blank"> </span>E <span class="_f blank"> </span>por </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y156 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">que alguns são mais intensos que outros?</div><div class="t m0 xf h7 y157 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> O <span class="_b blank"> </span>geólogo <span class="_b blank"> </span>Mariano <span class="_b blank"> </span>Castelo <span class="_4 blank"> </span>Branco,<span class="_5 blank"> </span> </div><div class="t m0 x10 h7 y158 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">professor <span class="_1f blank"> </span>da <span class="_1f blank"> </span>Universidade <span class="_1f blank"> </span>Federal <span class="_1f blank"> </span>do </div><div class="t m0 x10 h7 y159 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Ceará <span class="_1b blank"> </span>(UFC), <span class="_1f blank"> </span>doutor <span class="_1b blank"> </span>em <span class="_1f blank"> </span>Geofísica <span class="_1b blank"> </span>e </div><div class="t m0 x10 h7 y15a ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Teledetecção, <span class="_2 blank"> </span>tenta <span class="_4 blank"> </span>explicar. <span class="_2 blank"> </span>Ele <span class="_4 blank"> </span>defende </div><div class="t m0 x10 h7 y15b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">a <span class="_b blank"> </span>Teoria <span class="_4 blank"> </span>da <span class="_b blank"> </span>Deriva <span class="_b blank"> </span>dos <span class="_4 blank"> </span>Continentes, <span class="_b blank"> </span>que </div><div class="t m0 x10 h7 y15c ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">começou a <span class="_1a blank"> </span>ser <span class="_1a blank"> </span>divulgada em <span class="_1a blank"> </span>1915 <span class="_1a blank"> </span>por </div><div class="t m0 x10 h7 y15d ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Alfred <span class="_1 blank"> </span>Weneger. "Ele <span class="_f blank"> </span>acreditava que <span class="_1 blank"> </span>há </div><div class="t m0 x10 h7 y15e ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">cerca <span class="_11 blank"> </span>de <span class="_c blank"> </span>400 <span class="_11 blank"> </span>milhões <span class="_11 blank"> </span>de <span class="_c blank"> </span>anos <span class="_11 blank"> </span>existia </div><div class="t m0 x10 h7 y15f ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">apenas <span class="_14 blank"> </span>um <span class="_14 blank"> </span>continente, <span class="_14 blank"> </span>o <span class="_14 blank"> </span>Pangea". <span class="_14 blank"> </span>O </div><div class="t m0 x10 h7 y160 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">cientista <span class="_f blank"> </span>chegou <span class="_f blank"> </span>a <span class="_1 blank"> </span>essa <span class="_f blank"> </span>conclusão <span class="_f blank"> </span>após </div><div class="t m0 x10 h7 y161 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">observar <span class="_6 blank"> </span>que <span class="_6 blank"> </span>várias <span class="_6 blank"> </span>partes <span class="_6 blank"> </span>que </div><div class="t m0 x10 h7 y162 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">contornam <span class="_2 blank"> </span>os <span class="_4 blank"> </span>continentes <span class="_2 blank"> </span>se <span class="_4 blank"> </span>encaixavam </div><div class="t m0 x10 h7 y163 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">quase <span class="_12 blank"> </span>que <span class="_14 blank"> </span>perfeitamente. <span class="_12 blank"> </span>"Ele <span class="_14 blank"> </span>buscou </div><div class="t m0 x10 h7 y164 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">evidências, <span class="_1 blank"> </span>como <span class="_1 blank"> </span>as <span class="_1 blank"> </span>semelhanças entre </div><div class="t m0 x10 h7 y165 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">as <span class="_11 blank"> </span>rochas <span class="_a blank"> </span>e <span class="_11 blank"> </span>os <span class="_11 blank"> </span>fósseis <span class="_11 blank"> </span>existentes <span class="_11 blank"> </span>nas </div><div class="t m0 x10 h7 y166 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">áreas de encaixe", completa o geólogo.</div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y167 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> Foi a <span class="_5 blank"> </span>partir desse raciocínio que surgiu <span class="_5 blank"> </span>a Teoria das Placas <span class="_5 blank"> </span>Tectônicas, em 1960, que </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y168 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">revolucionou <span class="_b blank"> </span>a <span class="_b blank"> </span>ciência <span class="_7 blank"> </span>geológica. <span class="_b blank"> </span>Isso <span class="_b blank"> </span>porque <span class="_b blank"> </span>explicava <span class="_7 blank"> </span>fenômenos <span class="_b blank"> </span>de <span class="_b blank"> </span>grande <span class="_7 blank"> </span>proporção, </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y169 ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">como <span class="_5 blank"> </span>os <span class="_10 blank"> </span>abalos <span class="_5 blank"> </span>sísmicos, <span class="_10 blank"> </span>a <span class="_10 blank"> </span>formação <span class="_5 blank"> </span>de <span class="_10 blank"> </span>montanhas, <span class="_5 blank"> </span>a <span class="_10 blank"> </span>expansão <span class="_5 blank"> </span>do <span class="_10 blank"> </span>assoalho <span class="_10 blank"> </span>oceânico <span class="_5 blank"> </span>e <span class="_10 blank"> </span>a </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y16a ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">separação <span class="_12 blank"> </span>dos <span class="_14 blank"> </span>continentes. <span class="_14 blank"> </span>"O <span class="_14 blank"> </span>planeta <span class="_12 blank"> </span>é <span class="_14 blank"> </span>formado <span class="_14 blank"> </span>de <span class="_12 blank"> </span>sucessivas <span class="_14 blank"> </span>camadas <span class="_14 blank"> </span>que <span class="_12 blank"> </span>se </div><div class="t m0 x0 h7 y16b ff3 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">diferenciam conforme a densidade dos minerais que estão presentes em cada uma delas".</div></div><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:324.900000px;bottom:427.287900px;width:223.776000px;height:144.287100px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>
Compartilhar