<div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h0" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/be231540-48b8-46ec-adf9-8574af496577/bg1.png"><div class="c x1 y1 w2 h1"><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">www.elsolucionario.net</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div> <div id="pf2" class="pf w3 h3" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w3 h3"><img class="bi x2 y0 w4 h4" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/be231540-48b8-46ec-adf9-8574af496577/bg2.png"><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:48.000000px;bottom:508.500000px;width:142.500000px;height:36.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:238.500000px;bottom:505.500000px;width:139.500000px;height:36.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:424.500000px;bottom:505.500000px;width:141.000000px;height:36.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:0.000000px;bottom:34.500000px;width:610.500000px;height:175.500000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l"><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:10.500000px;bottom:595.500000px;width:594.000000px;height:150.000000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div> <div id="pf3" class="pf w5 h5" data-page-no="3"><div class="pc pc3 w5 h5"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x3 y3 w6 h6" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/be231540-48b8-46ec-adf9-8574af496577/bg3.png"><div class="t m2 x4 h7 y4 ff2 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls1 ws0">Ve~d3r=/Bda, <span class="_0 blank"></span><span class="ls5">(Gauss), <span class="_1 blank"> </span><span class="ls2">L(~xA).da= <span class="_2 blank"></span><span class="ls3">A-dl, <span class="_3 blank"> </span><span class="ls6">(Stokes) </span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m3 x5 h8 y5 ff3 fs2 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">S </div><div class="t m2 x6 h7 y6 ff2 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">(@v2y? </div><div class="t m4 x7 h9 y6 ff4 fs3 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div><div class="t m2 x8 h7 y6 ff2 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls4 ws0">y?v2@)d3r <span class="_4 blank"> </span><span class="ls7">(@V@ </span></div><div class="t m5 x9 ha y6 ff4 fs4 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">- </div><div class="t m2 xa h7 y6 ff2 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls6 ws0">y?V@) <span class="_5 blank"></span><span class="ls8">da, <span class="_4 blank"> </span><span class="ls9">(Green) </span></span></div><div class="c xb y7 w2 h1"><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">www.elsolucionario.net</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div> <div id="pf4" class="pf w5 h5" data-page-no="4"><div class="pc pc4 w5 h5"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x3 y3 w6 h6" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/be231540-48b8-46ec-adf9-8574af496577/bg4.png"><div class="t m6 xc hb y8 ff5 fs5 fc1 sc0 lsb ws0">Cumed </div><div class="t m7 xd hc y8 ff5 fs6 fc1 sc0 lsc ws0">Orthogonal </div><div class="t m8 xe hd y8 ff5 fs7 fc1 sc0 lsd ws0">Coordinates </div><div class="t m9 xf he y9 ff6 fs8 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">3 </div><div class="t ma x10 hf ya ff7 fs9 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">I,'~jlinrler <span class="_6 blank"></span>Coordirtcr,les </div><div class="t m0 x10 h10 yb ff7 fsa fc1 sc0 lsa ws0">!%frttiemriticcrl <span class="_7 blank"></span><span class="ls0">Chlzslcrntu </span></div><div class="t mb x11 h11 yc ff5 fsb fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">e </div><div class="t mc x12 h12 yc ff8 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">= </div><div class="t md x13 h11 yc ff5 fsb fc1 sc0 lse ws0">2.718281828, </div><div class="t me x14 h13 yc ff9 fsc fc1 sc0 lsf ws0">sr </div><div class="t mf x15 h14 yc ff8 fs9 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">= </div><div class="t md x16 h11 yc ff5 fsb fc1 sc0 lse ws0">3.14159265, </div><div class="t m10 x17 h11 yc ff5 fsb fc1 sc0 ls10 ws0">In </div><div class="t md x18 h11 yc ff5 fsb fc1 sc0 ls11 ws0">10 </div><div class="t mf x19 h14 yc ff8 fs9 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">= </div><div class="t md x1a h11 yc ff5 fsb fc1 sc0 lse ws0">2.302585093, </div><div class="t md x1b h11 yd ff5 fsb fc1 sc0 lse ws0">1 </div><div class="t m11 xe h15 yd ff5 fsc fc1 sc0 ls12 ws0">rad </div><div class="t mf x12 h14 yd ff8 fs9 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">= </div><div class="t md x13 h11 yd ff5 fsb fc1 sc0 ls13 ws0">57.29577951°, </div><div class="t m12 x1c h15 yd ff5 fsc fc1 sc0 ls14 ws0">lo </div><div class="t m13 x1d h14 yd ff8 fs9 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">= </div><div class="t md x7 h11 yd ff5 fsb fc1 sc0 lse ws0">0.0174532925 <span class="_8 blank"> </span><span class="ls15">rad, </span></div><div class="t md x1e h11 ye ff5 fsb fc1 sc0 ls15 ws0">(Euler-Mascheroni <span class="_9 blank"></span>number) </div><div class="t md x1f h11 yf ff5 fsb fc1 sc0 lse ws0">1 </div><div class="t m14 x20 h16 y10 ff7 fsd fc1 sc0 ls16 ws0">Bl </div><div class="t m15 x12 h12 y10 ff8 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">= </div><div class="t m16 x13 h9 y10 ff8 fs3 fc1 sc0 ls17 ws0">-- </div><div class="t md x21 h11 yf ff5 fsb fc1 sc0 lse ws0">1 <span class="_a blank"> </span>1 <span class="_b blank"> </span>1 </div><div class="t m17 x22 h17 y10 ff6 fse fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">&=g,B'=&=-- </div><div class="t m18 x23 h18 y10 ff8 fsf fc1 sc0 ls18 ws0">&=- </div><div class="t md x1f h11 y11 ff5 fsb fc1 sc0 lse ws0">2 <span class="_c blank"> </span><span class="ls19">30 </span></div><div class="t m19 x24 h19 y11 ff8 fs10 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">' </div><div class="t md x25 h11 y11 ff5 fsb fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0">42' </div><div class="t m1a x26 h1a y11 ff8 fs11 fc1 sc0 ls1a ws0">"' </div><div class="t m1b x27 h7 y12 ff5 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls1b ws0">(Bernoulli </div><div class="t md x28 h11 y12 ff5 fsb fc1 sc0 lse ws0">numbers) </div><div class="c xb y7 w2 h1"><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">www.elsolucionario.net</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div> <div id="pf5" class="pf w7 h1b" data-page-no="5"><div class="pc pc5 w7 h1b"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x29 y13 w8 h1c" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/be231540-48b8-46ec-adf9-8574af496577/bg5.png"><div class="t m0 x2a h1d y14 ffa fs12 fc2 sc0 ls1f ws1">MA<span class="_d blank"></span>THEMA<span class="_d blank"></span>TICAL</div><div class="t m0 x2b h1d y15 ffa fs12 fc2 sc0 ls20 ws2">METHODS FOR</div><div class="t m0 x2c h1d y16 ffa fs12 fc2 sc0 ls1f">PHYSICISTS</div><div class="t m0 x22 h1e y17 ffa fs13 fc2 sc0 ls21 ws3">SIXTH EDITION</div><div class="t m0 xb h1f y18 ffa fs14 fc2 sc0 ls22 ws4">Geor<span class="_e blank"></span>ge B. Arfken</div><div class="t m0 x2d h20 y19 ffa fs15 fc2 sc0 ls1c ws5">Miami Uni<span class="_e blank"></span>versity</div><div class="t m0 x2e h20 y1a ffa fs15 fc2 sc0 ls1d ws6">Oxford, OH</div><div class="t m0 x2f h1f y1b ffa fs14 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws7">Hans J. W<span class="_9 blank"></span>eber</div><div class="t m0 x30 h20 y1c ffa fs15 fc2 sc0 ls1d ws8">Uni<span class="_e blank"></span>versity of V<span class="_f blank"></span>irginia</div><div class="t m0 x2f h20 y1d ffa fs15 fc2 sc0 ls1d ws9">Charlottesville, V<span class="_5 blank"></span>A</div><div class="t m0 x31 h21 y1e ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls1e wsa">Amsterdam<span class="_10 blank"> </span>Boston<span class="_10 blank"> </span>Heidelberg<span class="_10 blank"> </span>London<span class="_10 blank"> </span>Ne<span class="_e blank"></span>w Y<span class="_9 blank"></span>ork<span class="_10 blank"> </span>Oxford</div><div class="t m0 x32 h21 y1f ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls1e wsb">Paris San<span class="_11 blank"> </span>Diego San<span class="_11 blank"> </span>Francisco Singapore Sydney T<span class="_f blank"></span>ok<span class="_e blank"></span>yo</div><div class="c x33 y20 w2 h1"><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">www.elsolucionario.net</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-46.000000,-36.000000]}'></div></div> <div id="pf6" class="pf w7 h1b" data-page-no="6"><div class="pc pc6 w7 h1b"><div class="t m0 x34 h22 y21 ffb fs17 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">This page intentionally left blank</div><div class="c x33 y20 w2 h1"><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">www.elsolucionario.net</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-32.000000,-89.000000]}'></div></div> <div id="pf7" class="pf w7 h1b" data-page-no="7"><div class="pc pc7 w7 h1b"><div class="t m0 x2a h1d y14 ffa fs12 fc2 sc0 ls1f ws1">MA<span class="_d blank"></span>THEMA<span class="_d blank"></span>TICAL</div><div class="t m0 x2b h1d y15 ffa fs12 fc2 sc0 ls20 ws2">METHODS FOR</div><div class="t m0 x2c h1d y16 ffa fs12 fc2 sc0 ls1f">PHYSICISTS</div><div class="t m0 x22 h1e y17 ffa fs13 fc2 sc0 ls21 ws3">SIXTH EDITION</div><div class="c x33 y20 w2 h1"><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">www.elsolucionario.net</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-46.000000,-36.000000]}'></div></div> <div id="pf8" class="pf w7 h1b" data-page-no="8"><div class="pc pc8 w7 h1b"><div class="t m0 x34 h22 y21 ffb fs17 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">This page intentionally left blank</div><div class="c x33 y20 w2 h1"><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">www.elsolucionario.net</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-32.000000,-89.000000]}'></div></div> <div id="pf9" class="pf w7 h1b" data-page-no="9"><div class="pc pc9 w7 h1b"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x35 y22 w9 h23" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/be231540-48b8-46ec-adf9-8574af496577/bg9.png"><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y23 ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls23 wsc">Acquisitions Editor<span class="_12 blank"> </span>T<span class="_f blank"></span>om Singer</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y24 ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls24 wsd">Project Manager<span class="_13 blank"> </span>Simon Crump</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y25 ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls0 wse">Marketing Manager<span class="_14 blank"> </span>Linda Beattie</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y26 ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls0 wsf">Cov<span class="_e blank"></span>er Design<span class="_15 blank"> </span>Eric DeCicco</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y27 ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls25 ws10">Composition<span class="_16 blank"> </span>VTEX T<span class="_f blank"></span>ypesetting Services</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y28 ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls23 ws11">Cov<span class="_e blank"></span>er Printer<span class="_17 blank"> </span>Phoenix Color</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y29 ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls23 ws12">Interior Printer<span class="_18 blank"> </span>The Maple\u2013V<span class="_f blank"></span>ail Book Manufacturing Group</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y2a ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws13">Elsevier Academic Press</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y2b ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls26 ws14">30 Corporate Driv<span class="_e blank"></span>e, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803, USA</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y2c ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls27 ws15">525 B Street, Suite 1900, San Diego, California 92101-4495, USA</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y2d ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls23 ws16">84 Theobald\u2019<span class="_e blank"></span>s Road, London WC1X 8RR, UK</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y2e ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls24 ws17">This book is printed on acid-free paper<span class="_e blank"></span>. <span class="ffc ls0">\ue001</span></div><div class="t m0 x36 h25 y2f ffc fs19 fc2 sc0 ls0">\u221e</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y30 ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls23 ws18">Copyright © 2005, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y31 ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls24 ws19">No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by an<span class="_e blank"></span>y means, electronic or me-</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y32 ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls23 ws1a">chanical, including photocopy<span class="_f blank"></span>,<span class="_11 blank"> </span>recording, or any information storage and retriev<span class="_e blank"></span>al system, without permission in</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y33 ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls27 ws1b">writing from the publisher<span class="_e blank"></span>.</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y34 ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls23 ws1c">Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier\u2019<span class="_f blank"></span>s Science & T<span class="_e blank"></span>echnology Rights Department in Oxford, UK:</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y35 ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls23 ws1d">phone: (+44) 1865 843830, fax: (+44) 1865 853333, e-mail:<span class="_19 blank"> </span>permissions@elsevier<span class="_f blank"></span>.co.uk. Y<span class="_f blank"></span>ou may also complete</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y36 ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls23 ws1e">your request on-line via the Elsevier homepage (http://elsevier<span class="_f blank"></span>.com), by selecting \u201cCustomer Support\u201d and then</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y37 ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls23 ws1f">\u201cObtaining Permissions.<span class="_f blank"></span>\u201d</div><div class="t m0 x35 h26 y38 ffd fs18 fc2 sc0 ls23 ws20">Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y39 ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls24 ws21">Appication submitted</div><div class="t m0 x35 h26 y3a ffd fs18 fc2 sc0 ls28 ws22">British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y3b ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls28 ws23">A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y3c ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls29 ws24">ISBN: 0-12-059876-0 Case bound</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y3d ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls27 ws25">ISBN: 0-12-088584-0 International Students Edition</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y3e ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls24 ws26">For all information on all Elsevier Academic Press Publications</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y3f ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls25 ws27">visit our W<span class="_f blank"></span>eb site at<span class="_11 blank"> </span>www<span class="_f blank"></span>.books.elsevier<span class="_e blank"></span>.com</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y40 ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls25 ws28">Printed in the United States of America</div><div class="t m0 x35 h24 y41 ffa fs18 fc2 sc0 ls2a ws29">0<span class="_1a blank"></span>50<span class="_1a blank"></span>60<span class="_1a blank"></span>70<span class="_1a blank"></span>80<span class="_1a blank"></span>91<span class="_1a blank"></span>0987654321</div><div class="c x33 y20 w2 h1"><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">www.elsolucionario.net</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-36.000000,-36.000000]}'></div></div> <div id="pfa" class="pf w7 h1b" data-page-no="a"><div class="pc pca w7 h1b"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x37 y42 wa h27" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/be231540-48b8-46ec-adf9-8574af496577/bga.png"><div class="t m0 x38 h28 y43 ffe fs1a fc2 sc0 ls2b">C<span class="fs1b ls36 ws2a">ONTENT S</span></div><div class="t m0 x35 h29 y44 ffd fs16 fc2 sc0 ls2c ws2b">Preface <span class="ls2f">xi</span></div><div class="t m0 x35 h29 y45 ffd fs16 fc2 sc0 ls1e ws2c">1<span class="_1b blank"> </span>V<span class="_f blank"></span>ector Analysis<span class="_1c blank"> </span>1</div><div class="t m0 x39 h21 y46 ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls37 ws2d">1.1 <span class="fff ls2d ws2e">De\ufb01nitions, Elementary Appr<span class="_e blank"></span>oac<span class="_e blank"></span>h<span class="_1d blank"> </span><span class="ffa ls2e ws2f">..................... 1</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x39 h21 y47 ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls37 ws2d">1.2 <span class="fff ls2d ws30">Rotation of the Coor<span class="_e blank"></span>dinate Axes<span class="_1e blank"> </span><span class="ffa ls2e ws2f">...................... 7</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x39 h21 y48 ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls37 ws31">1.3 <span class="fff ls2f ws32">Scalar or Dot Pr<span class="_e blank"></span>oduct<span class="_1f blank"> </span><span class="ffa ls2e ws33">........................... 1<span class="_d blank"></span>2</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x39 h21 y49 ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls37 ws31">1.4 <span class="fff ls1e ws34">V<span class="_20 blank"></span>ector or Cr<span class="_e blank"></span>oss Pr<span class="_f blank"></span>oduct<span class="_1f blank"> </span><span class="ffa ls2e ws33">.......................... 1<span class="_d blank"></span>8</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x39 h21 y4a ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls37 ws31">1.5 <span class="fff ls1e ws35">T<span class="_f blank"></span>riple Scalar Product, T<span class="_f blank"></span>riple V<span class="_20 blank"></span>ector Pr<span class="_e blank"></span>oduct<span class="_21 blank"> </span><span class="ffa ls2e ws36">............... 2<span class="_d blank"></span>5</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x39 h21 y4b ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls37 ws31">1.6 <span class="fff ls2f ws37">Gradient, <span class="ffc ls30">\u2207</span></span><span class="ls2e ws38">................................. 3<span class="_d blank"></span>2</span></div><div class="t m0 x39 h21 y4c ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls37 ws31">1.7 <span class="fff ls2f ws39">Diver<span class="_e blank"></span>gence<span class="_e blank"></span>, <span class="ffc ls31">\u2207<span class="ffa ls2e ws38">................................ 3<span class="_d blank"></span>8</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x39 h21 y4d ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls37 ws31">1.8 <span class="fff ls0 ws3a">Curl, <span class="ffc ls38 ws3b">\u2207× </span></span><span class="ls2e ws3c">.................................. 4<span class="_d blank"></span>3</span></div><div class="t m0 x39 h21 y4e ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls37 ws31">1.9 <span class="fff ls1e ws3d">Successive Applications of <span class="ffc ls32">\u2207</span></span><span class="ls2e ws38">....................... 4<span class="_d blank"></span>9</span></div><div class="t m0 x39 h21 y4f ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls33 ws3e">1.10 <span class="fff ls1e ws35">V<span class="_20 blank"></span>ector Inte<span class="_e blank"></span>gr<span class="_e blank"></span>ation<span class="_22 blank"> </span><span class="ffa ls2e ws3f">.............................. 5<span class="_d blank"></span>4</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x39 h21 y50 ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls33 ws3e">1.11 <span class="fff ls1e ws40">Gauss\u2019 Theor<span class="_e blank"></span>em <span class="ffa ls2e ws38">............................... 6<span class="_d blank"></span>0</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x39 h21 y51 ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls33 ws41">1.12 <span class="fff ls2d ws42">Stokes\u2019 Theor<span class="_e blank"></span>em<span class="_23 blank"> </span><span class="ffa ls2e ws3f">.............................. 6<span class="_d blank"></span>4</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x39 h21 y52 ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls33 ws41">1.13 <span class="fff ls1e ws43">P<span class="_f blank"></span>otential Theory<span class="_23 blank"> </span><span class="ffa ls2e ws3f">.............................. 6<span class="_d blank"></span>8</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x39 h21 y53 ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls33 ws41">1.14 <span class="fff ws44">Gauss\u2019 Law<span class="_f blank"></span>, P<span class="_f blank"></span>oisson\u2019<span class="_e blank"></span>s Equation<span class="_1d blank"> </span><span class="ffa ls2e ws38">...................... 7<span class="_d blank"></span>9</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x39 h21 y54 ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls33 ws41">1.15 <span class="fff ls1e ws45">Dirac Delta Function<span class="_22 blank"> </span></span><span class="ls2e ws33">............................ 8<span class="_d blank"></span>3</span></div><div class="t m0 x39 h21 y55 ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls33 ws41">1.16 <span class="fff ls2d ws46">Helmholtz\u2019<span class="_e blank"></span>s Theor<span class="_e blank"></span>em<span class="_24 blank"> </span><span class="ffa ls2e ws33">............................ 9<span class="_d blank"></span>5</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x32 h21 y56 fff fs16 fc2 sc0 ls1e ws47">Additional Readings<span class="_25 blank"> </span><span class="ffa ls2e ws48">............................ 1<span class="_d blank"></span>0<span class="_d blank"></span>1</span></div><div class="t m0 x35 h29 y57 ffd fs16 fc2 sc0 ls2d ws49">2<span class="_1b blank"> </span>V<span class="_20 blank"></span>ector Analysis in Curved Coordinates and T<span class="_20 blank"></span>ensors<span class="_26 blank"> </span>103</div><div class="t m0 x39 h2a y58 ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls37 ws31">2.1 <span class="fff ls2d ws4a">Orthogonal Coor<span class="_e blank"></span>dinates in <span class="ff10 ls34">R<span class="ffa fs1c ls35 v1">3</span><span class="ffa ls2e ws4b v0">....................... 1<span class="_d blank"></span>0<span class="_d blank"></span>3</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x39 h21 y59 ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls37 ws31">2.2 <span class="fff ls2f ws4c">Differ<span class="_f blank"></span>ential V<span class="_20 blank"></span>ector Operators<span class="_25 blank"> </span><span class="ffa ls2e ws4b">....................... 1<span class="_d blank"></span>1<span class="_d blank"></span>0</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x39 h21 y5a ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls37 ws31">2.3 <span class="fff ls2d ws30">Special Coor<span class="_e blank"></span>dinate Systems: Intr<span class="_e blank"></span>oduction<span class="_23 blank"> </span><span class="ffa ls2e ws4d">................ 1<span class="_d blank"></span>1<span class="_d blank"></span>4</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x39 h21 y5b ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls37 ws31">2.4 <span class="fff ls1e ws4e">Cir<span class="_e blank"></span>cular Cylinder Coor<span class="_e blank"></span>dinates <span class="ffa ls2e ws4b">....................... 1<span class="_d blank"></span>1<span class="_d blank"></span>5</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x39 h21 y5c ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls37 ws31">2.5 <span class="fff ls2d ws4f">Spherical P<span class="_f blank"></span>olar Coor<span class="_e blank"></span>dinates<span class="_24 blank"> </span><span class="ffa ls2e ws50">........................ 1<span class="_d blank"></span>2<span class="_d blank"></span>3</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x3a h21 y5d ffa fs16 fc2 sc0 ls0">v</div><div class="c x33 y20 w2 h1"><div class="t m0 x0 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0">www.elsolucionario.net</div></div><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",704]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:106.878000px;bottom:366.588000px;width:365.078000px;height:9.524000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",704]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:108.465000px;bottom:342.250000px;width:361.904000px;height:8.995000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",486]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:125.925000px;bottom:330.081000px;width:345.502000px;height:8.994000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",486]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:125.396000px;bottom:318.440000px;width:345.502000px;height:8.466000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",486]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:125.396000px;bottom:306.271000px;width:344.973000px;height:8.466000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",704]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:127.513000px;bottom:294.102000px;width:343.914000px;height:8.466000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",486]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:125.925000px;bottom:281.933000px;width:344.973000px;height:8.465000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",486]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:125.925000px;bottom:269.234000px;width:344.973000px;height:8.995000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",486]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:126.984000px;bottom:256.536000px;width:344.443000px;height:9.524000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",529]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:126.984000px;bottom:244.367000px;width:343.914000px;height:10.053000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",486]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:125.925000px;bottom:232.197000px;width:344.973000px;height:9.524000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",486]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:126.984000px;bottom:220.028000px;width:343.914000px;height:9.524000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",486]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:127.513000px;bottom:207.859000px;width:342.326000px;height:9.524000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",486]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:127.513000px;bottom:196.219000px;width:343.385000px;height:9.523000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",486]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:126.455000px;bottom:184.049000px;width:345.501000px;height:10.053000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",486]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:127.513000px;bottom:171.351000px;width:342.856000px;height:10.053000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",551]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:125.396000px;bottom:160.769000px;width:344.973000px;height:8.995000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",486]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:125.925000px;bottom:149.129000px;width:343.914000px;height:7.936000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",704]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:158.200000px;bottom:134.843000px;width:311.639000px;height:10.053000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",704]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:107.936000px;bottom:111.034000px;width:360.845000px;height:11.111000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",486]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:126.984000px;bottom:99.394000px;width:342.855000px;height:10.053000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",520]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:124.867000px;bottom:86.166000px;width:345.502000px;height:11.111000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",486]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:125.925000px;bottom:75.055000px;width:344.444000px;height:9.524000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",704]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:125.925000px;bottom:62.356800px;width:342.856000px;height:9.524200px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a><a class="l" data-dest-detail='[10,"FitH",486]'><div class="d m1" style="border-style:none;position:absolute;left:126.984000px;bottom:49.658400px;width:343.385000px;height:10.582000px;background-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.000001);"></div></a></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,-46.000000,-36.000000]}'></div></div>
Compartilhar