Inglês UNIVESP Semana 02

Prévia do material em texto

2
INGLÊS
exercícios de portfólio
exercício 1
Esta atividade de portfólio é sobre cognatos. Ela é basea-
da na leitura crítica e compreensão de dois textos:
 → O texto-base referente à Aula 2; e
 → O artigo da Wikipedia em Português sobre cogna-
tos, que pode ser acessado em: https://pt.wikipedia.
org/wiki/Cognato
Leia os textos indicados e responda as questões abaixo.
1. Segundo o artigo da Wikipeda lido, o que são cog-
natos? E segundo o texto-base? Compare.
2. Baseando-se apenas no artigo lido da Wikipedia, 
defina os conceitos de “falsos cognatos”, “falsos 
amigos” e “heterossemânticos”. Eles são sinôni-
mos? Enfatize as semelhanças e diferenças.
exercício 2
Esta atividade de portfólio é baseada na leitura e compre-
ensão do seguinte artigo da Wikipedia em Inglês sobre 
Marie Curie: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Curie
Inglês / Aula 2 Exercícios de Portfólio 2
Leia o texto indicado e responda as questões abaixo. Em seguida, compa-
re as suas respostas com as do Gabarito.
1. Quem foi Marie Curie? Conte um pouco sobre sua vida e sobre suas 
descobertas.
2. Nos quatro parágrafos abaixo, extraídos do texto (fora de ordem), in-
dique pelo menos 4 heterossemânticos entre o Inglês e o Português. 
Indique seus significados verdadeiros.
“In December 1903, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded Pier-
re Curie, Marie Curie, and Henri Becquerel the Nobel Prize in Physics, “in 
recognition of the extraordinary services they have rendered by their joint 
researches on the radiation phenomena discovered by Professor Henri 
Becquerel.” At first, the Committee intended to honour only Pierre and Be-
cquerel, but one of the committee members and an advocate of woman 
scientists, Swedish mathematician Magnus Goesta Mittag-Leffler, alerted 
Pierre to the situation, and after his complaint, Marie’s name was added to 
the nomination. Marie was the first woman to be awarded a Nobel Prize.”
“Led by Curie, the Institute produced four more Nobel Prize winners, in-
cluding her daughter Irène Joliot-Curie and her son-in-law, Frédéric Joliot-
-Curie. Eventually, it became one of four major radioactivity research labo-
ratories, the others being the Cavendish Laboratory, with Ernest Rutherford; 
the Institute for Radium Research, Vienna, with Stefan Meyer; and the Kai-
ser Wilhelm Institute for Chemistry, with Otto Hahn and Lise Meitner.”
“Curie’s likeness also has appeared on banknotes, stamps and coins 
around the world. She was featured on the Polish late-1980s 20,000-złoty 
banknote as well as on the last French 500-franc note, before the franc 
was replaced by the euro. Marie Curie themed postage stamps from Mali, 
the Republic of Togo, Zambia, and the Republic of Guinea actually show 
a picture of Susan Marie Frontczak portraying Curie in a 2001 picture by 
Paul Schroeder.”
“At the beginning of 1890, Bronisława — who a few months earlier had 
married Kazimierz Dłuski, a Polish physician and social and political activist 
— invited Maria to join them in Paris. Maria declined because she could 
not afford the university tuition; it would take her a year and a half longer 
to gather the necessary funds. She was helped by her father, who was 
able to secure a more lucrative position again. All that time she continued 
to educate herself, reading books, exchanging letters, and being tutored 
herself. In early 1889 she returned home to her father in Warsaw. She 
continued working as a governess, and remained there till late 1891. She 
Inglês / Aula 2 Exercícios de Portfólio 3
tutored, studied at the Flying University, and began her practical scientific 
training (1890–91) in a chemical laboratory at the Museum of Industry and 
Agriculture at Krakowskie Przedmieście 66, near Warsaw’s Old Town. The 
laboratory was run by her cousin Józef Boguski, who had been an assistant 
in Saint Petersburg to the Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev.”
4Inglês / Aula 2 Exercícios de Portfólio
gabarito
exercicio 1
1. Segundo o artigo da Wikipedia, cognatos são “(...) palavras que têm, 
etimologicamente, uma origem comum.” 
Já segundo o texto-base, cognatos são “(...) palavras que possuem 
a mesma origem e significado, e grafia idêntica ou semelhante, em 
diferentes idiomas.”
Essas definições são, em princípio, distintas.
2. Segundo o artigo da Wikipedia, esses conceitos não são sinônimos. 
Conforme o artigo, temos que:
 → Falsos cognatos são palavras de grafias semelhantes mas que 
tem origem distintas. Observe que esta definição não faz men-
ção ao significado das palavras em questão que, logo, podem ser 
semelhantes ou não.
 → Falsos amigos são pares de palavras que, apesar de semelhantes 
em duas línguas, possuem origens e significados diferentes.
 → Heterossemânticos são pares de palavras de origem comum, 
ou seja, verdadeiros cognatos, mas que sofreram evoluções se-
mânticas distintas nas duas línguas, acabando por apresentar 
significados distintos.
exercício 2
1. Marie Curie (7 de novembro de 1867 – 4 de julho de 1934) foi uma 
cientista polonesa, naturalizada na França, que trabalhou nos cam-
pos da Física e da Química. Ela é conhecida por suas pesquisas sobre 
radioatividade e pela descoberta de dois elementos químicos, o Po-
lônio e o Rádio. Ela ganhou dois prêmios Nobel.
2. 
“In December 1903, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded 
Pierre Curie, Marie Curie, and Henri Becquerel the Nobel Prize in Phy-
sics, “in recognition of the extraordinary services they have rendered 
by their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered 
by Professor Henri Becquerel.” At first, the Committee intended to 
honour only Pierre and Becquerel, but one of the committee mem-
bers and an advocate of woman scientists, Swedish mathematician 
5Inglês / Aula 2 Exercícios de Portfólio
Magnus Goesta Mittag-Leffler, alerted Pierre to the situation, and af-
ter his complaint, Marie’s name was added to the nomination. Marie 
was the first woman to be awarded a Nobel Prize.”
“Led by Curie, the Institute produced four more Nobel Prize win-
ners, including her daughter Irène Joliot-Curie and her son-in-law, Fré-
déric Joliot-Curie. Eventually, it became one of four major radioactivi-
ty research laboratories, the others being the Cavendish Laboratory, 
with Ernest Rutherford; the Institute for Radium Research, Vienna, 
with Stefan Meyer; and the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Chemistry, 
with Otto Hahn and Lise Meitner.”
“Curie’s likeness also has appeared on banknotes, stamps and 
coins around the world. She was featured on the Polish late-1980s 
20,000-złoty banknote as well as on the last French 500-franc note, 
before the franc was replaced by the euro. Marie Curie themed pos-
tage stamps from Mali, the Republic of Togo, Zambia, and the Re-
public of Guinea actually show a picture of Susan Marie Frontczak 
portraying Curie in a 2001 picture by Paul Schroeder.”
“At the beginning of 1890, Bronisława — who a few months earlier 
had married Kazimierz Dłuski, a Polish physician and social and politi-
cal activist — invited Maria to join them in Paris. Maria declined becau-
se she could not afford the university tuition; it would take her a year 
and a half longer to gather the necessary funds. She was helped by 
her father, who was able to secure a more lucrative position again. All 
that time she continued to educate herself, reading books, exchanging 
letters, and being tutored herself. In early 1889 she returned home 
to her father in Warsaw. She continued working as a governess, and 
remained there till late 1891. She tutored, studied at the Flying Univer-
sity, and began her practical scientific training (1890–91) in a chemical 
laboratory at the Museum of Industry and Agriculture at Krakowskie 
Przedmieście 66, near Warsaw’s Old Town. The laboratory was run by 
her cousin Józef Boguski, who had been an assistantin Saint Peters-
burg to the Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev.”
“intended” = “pretendia”, e não “entendia”
“eventually” = “finalmente”, e não “eventualmente”
“actually” = “na verdade”, e não “atualmente”
“physician” = “médico”, e não “físico”