Resumo para AV ESTUDOS CULTURAIS - simulado

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1 What alternative refers to the three thinkers analyzed the way in which society is constructed in great part from its relationship to economic conditions; specifically the division of labor.
( ) 	Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim and Max Weber 
( )	Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim and Descartes
( )	Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim and Aristotle
( )	Kant, Emile Durkheim and Max Weber
( )	Karl Marx, Socrates and Max Weber 
2 Sociologists study and research:
( )	Society problems, as ethnical groups; social classes, as business men, politicians; genre, as kids, men, women; violence, institutions like family, school, religion, etc.
( )	Every part of society that represents a risk.
( )	Culture structures, as ethnical groups; social classes, as business men, politicians; genre, as kids, men, women; violence, institutions like family, school, religion, etc.
( )	Society structures, as ethnical groups; unsocial classes, as business men, politicians; genre, as kids, men, women; violence, institutions like family, school, religion, etc.
( )	Society structures, as ethnical groups; social classes, as business men, politicians; genre, as kids, men, women; violence, institutions like family, school, religion, etc.
3 The process of commodification is also seen as creating false needs, making people purchase objects/products they do not really need in order to provide capitalists with ---------------.
 ( )	concepts
 ( )	losses
 ( )	loans
 ( )	ideas
 ( )	profits 
4 When Marx refers to a class in itself to a class for itself, he means that, in other words, the members of the working classes realize the nature of their situation and begin to develop a class identity that allows them to develop ---------------with their fellow members and act against their oppressors.
 ( )	anger
 ( )	solidarity 
 ( )	capabilities
 ( )	fear
 ( )	dreams
5 Action theory describes the -------------------- that influence action and serve as the foundation for society. In developing his theory, Weber distinguished between the concepts of behavior and action. The option which best completes the previous statement is
 ( )	explicit reality
 ( )	collective factors
 ( )	subjective factors
 ( )	dynamic factors
 ( )	limited factor
6 When people consider the influence of security policies developed by the police in their daily lives we can say that they are studying society
 ( )	at distance
 ( )	as it really is
 ( )	a micro level
 ( )	at a macro level
 ( )	in a wrong way
7 Which one of the following is seen as the bedrock of any corporate culture?
 ( )	Fairness
 ( )	Lies
 ( )	Values
 ( )	Justice
 ( )	Norms
8 Which theoretical perspective on cultural development rests on the logic of evolution?
 ( )	structural-functionalism
 ( )	social-conflict
 ( )	sociobiology
 ( )	none of the above
 ( )	symbolic-interactionism
9 What ´s the ´ mass society thesis ´?	
 ( )	It is a kind of society whose arguments owe a great deal to the ideas of traditional Marxism. It is a positive critique to popular culture, giving value to the art which has its origin at the birth of each country.
 ( )	It is an idea which is based on Adorno´s proccess of creating false needs by making people purchase objects/products they really need in order to provide capitalists with profits.
 ( )	It is a pessimistic critique of mass/popular culture, based on sociological theories such as Marxism. It suggests that popular culture prevents critical and revolutionary thought. It leads to a society where individuals lose their sense of community, their individuality and come to rely on strong authority from above.
 ( )	It is a thesis which defends the consumption of cultural products as a means of improving people´s view of culture of their own country.
 ( )	It is a positive view about mass/popular culture. It allows masses of people to think for themselves and dominate the rulers of a state or country.
10 Which one is seen as a product of human action, has an aim and has a physical presence?	
 ( )	Norms
 ( )	Values
 ( )	Artefacts
 ( )	Corporate identity
 ( )	None of the above
11 What does agency refer to?	
 ( )	It is the power certain people have to inhibit social development.
 ( )	It refers to the freedom individuals have to act on their own choices. Commonly, it is referred to as free will.
 ( )	It is the cognitive belief structure one has of acquiring languages.
 ( )	It refers to a number of factors (such as social class, religion, customs, etc.) that determine our future in life.
 ( )	It is a set of norms that may exist in certain societies by means of which just the wealthy people have power.
12 According to theoretical assumptions, the expression 'Subculture' may represent:	
 ( )	a set of general cultural elements adopted by a social group, as a micro-group, which may either peacefully coexist in society or constitute a marginal subculture if compared to the culture shared by the 'cream of the society' (elite).
 ( )	a set of specific cultural elements adopted by a social group, as a micro-group, which may either peacefully coexist in society or constitute a marginal subculture if compared to the culture imposed by the 'cream of the society' (elite).
 ( )	a set of general cultural elements adopted by a social group, as a macro-group, which may either peacefully coexist in society or constitute a marginal subculture if compared to the culture imposed by the 'cream of the society' (elite).
 ( )	a set of specific social elements adopted by any, as a macro-group, which may either peacefully coexist in society or constitute a marginal subculture if compared to the culture shared by the 'cream of the society' (elite).
 ( )	a set of specific social elements adopted by any group, as a micro-group, which may either peacefully coexist in society or constitute a marginal subculture if compared to the culture imposed by the 'cream of the society' (elite).
13 According to the Post-Modernity phenomenon, globalization	
 ( )	may alter time and space notions, drive out the social system and the imposed structures as well as make possible the emergence of a pluralization of social power centers.
 ( )	may alter time and space notions, drive out the social system and the imposed structures as well as make impossible the emergence of a pluralization of social centers.
 ( )	may alter time notion, eliminate the social system and the imposed structures as well as make possible the emergence of a pluralization of social power centers
 ( )	may eliminate time and space notions, drive out the social system and the imposed structures as well as make possible the emergence of a pluralization of social power centers.
 ( )	may alter time notion, drive out the social system and all the structures as well as make possible the emergence of a pluralization of social power centers.
14 Howard Becker thinks the behavior that people exhibit may sometimes be labeled deviant by others, but on other occasions it may be regarded as acceptable and even normal. The group who support this idea is called
	
 ( )	Adult behavior
 ( )	Patterns of behavior
 ( )	Deviant subculture
 ( )	Culture
 ( )	Subculture
15 Choose the best word which completes the following sentence With urban ecology the city and its organization are depicted as a series of concentric circles, at the middle of which lies a business district the inner core of the city. Next to the central area is a zone referred to as a zone of transition since it has a high migration rate and consequently an unsettled culture. Life is this zone mirrors. In many respects their idea of the functionalistconcept of-------------------.
 ( )	anomie or normlessness
 ( )	unusual norms
 ( )	careful norms
 ( )	transitional norms
 ( )	set of dynamic rules
16 Which alternative represents the right definition of deviant subculture:	
 ( )	Deviant subculture: While some subcultures conform for most of part to the broader norms and values of the dominant culture, other groups seek reinforce these norms and values and are therefore considered as a deviant⊂ct̲ure¿.
 ( )	Deviant subculture: While some subcultures conform for most of part to the broader norms and values of the dominant culture, other groups seek to reject these norms and values and are therefore considered as mainstream.
 ( )	Deviant subculture: While some subcultures conform for most of part to the broader norms and values of any subculture, other groups seek to reject these norms and values and are therefore considered as a deviant⊂ct̲ure¿.
 ( )	Deviant subculture: While some subcultures conform for most of part to the broader norms and values of the dominant culture, other groups seek to reject these norms and values and are therefore considered as a deviant⊂ct̲ure¿.
 ( )	Deviant subculture: some subcultures conform for most of part to the broader norms and values of the dominant culture and join other groups to reject these norms and values and are therefore considered as a deviant⊂ct̲ure¿
17 Choose the alternative that correctly fills the blanks in the following fragment: ______ is associated with the work of ______, a linguist lecturing at the University of Geneva at the star of the twentieth century. Saussure´s Course in General Linguistics (1983) marked the start of a new and highly influential way of thinking about ______.	
 ( )	Psicology, Ferdinand de Saussure, language.
 ( )	Teminology, Ferdinand de Saussure, language.
 ( )	Semiology, Charles Chaplin, language.
 ( )	Semiology, Ferdinand de Saussure, language.
 ( )	Semiology, Ferdinand de Saussure, mathmatics.
18 Before Saussure, language tended to be studied in a historical fashion. Changes in words, sounds and meanings were studied in the order they were developed in the culture that spoke the language in question, Saussure proposed something very different ¿ an idea that led to the philosophical position of --------------	
 ( )	phonology
 ( )	structuralism
 ( )	romantism
 ( )	post modernism
 ( )	colonialism
19 Roland Barthes' concepts embrace multiple themes of knowledge. In his book "Elementos de semiologia", he retakes the concepts of 'signo' used in the past by the first writers and explains his main concepts as for example	
 ( )	the outcome of 'signo' as an imposed social communication where we find a relation between significante (o manifesto) e o significado (o conotado).
 ( )	the outcome of 'signo' as a social communication way where we find no relation between significante (o manifesto) e o significado (o conotado).
 ( )	the outcome of 'signo' as an imposed communication way where we find no relation between significante (o manifesto) e o significado (o conotado).
 ( )	the outcome of 'signo' as a communication solution where we find no relation between significante (o manifesto) e o significado (o conotado).
 ( )	the outcome of 'signo' as a social communication way where we find a relation between significante (o manifesto) e o significado (o conotado).
20 How can functionalism be defined?	
 ( )	It is the perspective in sociology according to which society consists of different but related parts, each of which serves a general purpose.
 ( )	It is the perspective in astrology according to which society consists of different but related parts, each of which serves a particular purpose.
 ( )	It is the perspective in arts according to which society consists of different but related parts, each of which serves a particular purpose.
 ( )	It is the perspective in sociology according to which society does not consists of different but related parts, each of which serves a particular purpose.
 ( )	It is the perspective in sociology according to which society consists of different and separate parts, each of which serves a particular purpose.
21 All of the following typically generate cultural change, except:	
 ( )	discovery.
 ( )	none of the aabove.
 ( )	invention.
 ( )	ethnocentrism.
 ( )	diffusion.
22 Durkheim thoughts revealed the independent existence of social facts in relation to persons. He created the expression collective conscious, which means	
 ( )	the abusive manner of conduct and thought that may be observed in an inner social group.
 ( )	the standardized manner of conduct and thought that may not be observed in an inner social group.
 ( )	the exotic manner of conduct and thought that may be observed in an inner social group.
 ( )	the standardized manner of conduct and thought that may be observed in an inner social group.
 ( )	the strange manner of conduct and thought that may be observed in an inner social group
23 What are the strengths of functionalism in relation to culture?	
 ( )	It allows us change the nature of the social system as a whole, explains the process of socialization and how culture can create order in society.
 ( )	It allows us to think about the nature of the social system as a whole, changes the process of socialization and explain how culture cannot create order in society.
 ( )	It allows us to think about the nature of the social system as a whole, explains the process of socialization and how culture can create order in society.
 ( )	It allows us to think about the nature of the social system as a whole, changes the process of socialization and explain how culture can create order in society.
 ( )	It does not allow us to think about the nature of the social system as a whole, explains the process of socialization and how culture can create order in society.
24 One of the best results of Feminism in our contemporary society is
 ( )	A process of violent and global revolution about women's dignity and emancipation.
 ( )	A process of intense and global consciousness about women's dignity and emancipation.
 ( )	A process of violent and global revolution about men's dignity and emancipation.
 ( )	A process of intense and global discredit about women's dignity and emancipation.
 ( )	A process of intense and global consciousness about men's dignity and emancipation.
25 Mark the only option which cannot complete the statement: Ethnic stereotypes vary along several dimensions among them are
 ( )	degree of complexity.
 ( )	extent of people's consciousness and awareness.
 ( )	degree of stability.
 ( )	the degree of clarity.
 ( )	degree of races
26 According to Sociology, what is ethinicity (etnia)?
 ( )	It refers to a social group that differentiates from other groups if we analyze its cultural and social specificities, which form its own identity.
 ( )	It refers to any group that differentiates from other groups if we analyze its social specificities, which form its own identity.
 ( )	It refers to a social group that differentiates from other groups if we understand its cultural and social problems, which form its own identity.
 ( )	It refers to any group that differentiates from other groups if we analyze its cultural and social backgrounds, which form its own family.
 ( )	It refers to a social group that differentiates from other groups if we analyze its cultural and social problems, which form its own family.
27 The illusion of a hegemonic society in a world level has brought some problems, as for example:
 ( )	The evidence that social inequality, prejudice, racial segregation and intolerance in general are stillprevailing.
 ( )	The evidence that social equality, prejudice, racial segregation and intolerance in general are still prevailing.
 ( )	The negation that social equality, prejudice, racial segregation and intolerance in general are still prevailing.
 ( )	The negation that social inequality, prejudice, racial segregation and intolerance in general are still prevailing.
 ( )	The evidence that social quality, prejudice, racial segregation and tolerance in general are still prevailing.
28 The emergence of the newspaper and novels strengths the idea of an imaginative national community. This way, we can say that the press enables¿
 ( )	Mass communication and the consciousness of the diversified linguistic system.
 ( )	Upper classes communication and the restriction of the diversified linguistic system.
 ( )	Lower classes communication and the restriction of the diversified linguistic system.
 ( )	Upper classes communication and the consciousness of the diversified linguistic system.
 ( )	Mass communication and the restriction of the diversified linguistic system.
29 Reflexive Modernity is an expression used by authors as Anthony Giddens, Ulrich Beck and Scott Lash in order to characterize a contemporary or post-modern society. According to this thought, reflection represents:
 ( )	a possibility of the existence of a single way of modernity, denying multiple impossibilities of modernities.
 ( )	a possibility of modernity invention, closing the doors to a multiple possibilities of modernities.
 ( )	a possibility of modernity reinvention, opening the doors to multiple possibilities of modernities.
 ( )	a possibility of the existence of one way of modernity, denying multiple possibilities of modernities.
 ( )	a impossibility of modernity reinvention, closing the doors to multiple possibilities of modernities.
30 Why are the concepts of race and ethnicity are important?
 ( )	Because they favor the understanding of black people identification, as they recognize themselves as participants of special several groups.
 ( )	Because they problematize the understanding of members identification, as they recognize themselves as participants of determined groups.
 ( )	Because they favor the understanding of members identification, as they recognize themselves as participants of determined groups.
 ( )	Because they problematize the understanding that members identification, as they recognize themselves as participants of several groups.
 ( )	Because they favor the problems of members identification, as they recognize themselves as participants of several groups.
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