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UNIDADE 10 ❆♣"♥❞✐❝❡ ❉ ✶✵✳✶ ❚❮❚❯▲❖✿ ■◆❋❖❘▼❆➬0❊❙ ●❊❘❆■❙ ✶✵✳✷ ■◆❚❘❖❉❯➬➹❖ ❖ ❝♦♥❥✉♥&♦ ❞♦( ❡①♣❡,✐♠❡♥&♦( ❞♦( ❧❛❜♦,❛&2,✐♦( ❢♦,❛♠ ♣,♦❣,❛♠❛❞♦( ❞❡ ♠❛♥❡✐,❛ ❛ ❛❝♦♠♣❛♥❤❛,❡♠✱ ❛♣,♦①✐♠❛❞❛♠❡♥&❡✱ ♦ ❝♦♥&❡7❞♦ ❞❛( ❛✉❧❛( &❡2,✐❝❛(✳ ◆♦ ❡♥&❛♥&♦✱ ♣♦❞❡,:♦ ♦❝♦,✲ ,❡, ♦❝❛(✐<❡( ❡♠ =✉❡ ✈♦❝? &❡♥❤❛ =✉❡ ❢❛③❡, ❛❧❣✉♥( ❡①♣❡,✐♠❡♥&♦( (❡♠ ❛✐♥❞❛ &❡, ✈✐(&♦ ❛ &❡♦,✐❛✱ ❡ ♦✉&,❛( ❡♠ =✉❡ ✈♦❝? ❥A &❡✈❡ ❛ ❛✉❧❛ &❡2,✐❝❛✳ ◆❛( ❞✉❛( (✐&✉❛B<❡( ❤❛✈❡,A ♣,♦✈❡✐&♦✱ ✉♠❛ ✈❡③ =✉❡ &❡♦,✐❛ ❡ ❧❛❜♦,❛&2,✐♦ (❡ ❝♦♠♣❧❡&❛♠✿ • ❖ ❧❛❜♦,❛&2,✐♦ ♣,♦♣♦,❝✐♦♥❛ ❛♦ ❛❧✉♥♦ ❛ ✈✐✈?♥❝✐❛ ❞❡ ✉♠ ❞❛❞♦ ❢❡♥D♠❡♥♦✱ &♦,♥❛♥❞♦ ♠❛✐( ❢A❝✐❧ ❛ ❛((✐♠✐❧❛B:♦ ❡ ❝♦♠♣,❡❡♥(:♦ ❞❛ &❡♦,✐❛✳ • ❖ ❝♦♥❤❡❝✐♠❡♥&♦ &❡2,✐❝♦ ❞♦ ❛❧✉♥♦ ♣♦❞❡ ♣❡,♠✐&✐, ✉♠❛ ♠❡❧❤♦, ❝♦♠♣,❡❡♥(:♦ ❞♦ ❢❡♥D♠❡♥♦ ❡♠ ❡(&✉❞♦ ♥♦ ❧❛❜♦,❛&2,✐♦✳ ✻✷ ❯◆■❉❆❉❊ ✶✵✳ ❆♣*♥❞✐❝❡ ❉ ✻✸ ✶✵✳✸ ❖❇❏❊❚■❱❖❙ ❆2 ♣345✐❝❛2 ❡①♣❡3✐♠❡♥5❛✐2 5*♠ ❝♦♠♦ ♣3✐♥❝✐♣❛✐2 ♦❜❥❡5✐✈♦2✿ • ❈♦♥25❛5❛?@❡2 ❞❛2 ❧❡✐2 ❢C2✐❝❛2 ❢✉♥❞❛♠❡♥5❛✐2✳ • ❆♣3❡♥❞✐③❛❞♦ ♥♦ F✉❡ ❞✐③ 3❡2♣❡✐5♦ ❛♦ ♠❛♥✉2❡✐♦ ❞❡ ❡F✉✐♣❛♠❡♥5♦2 2✐♠♣❧❡2✱ ❜❡♠ ❝♦♠♦ ❞❡ ✉♠ ❝♦♥❤❡❝✐♠❡♥5♦ ❜42✐❝♦ ❞♦ ❢✉♥❝✐♦♥❛♠❡♥5♦ ❞♦2 ♠❡2♠♦2✳ • ❉❡2❡♥✈♦❧✈✐♠❡♥5♦ ❞❡ ✉♠❛ ♠❡5♦❞♦❧♦❣✐❛ ❞❡ 53❛❜❛❧❤♦ ❡①♣❡3✐♠❡♥5❛❧✳ • ❘❡❢♦3?♦ ❞❡ ✈✐2✉❛❧✐③❛?K♦ ❡ ❡♥5❡♥❞✐♠❡♥5♦ ❞♦ ❝♦♥5❡L❞♦ ♣3♦❣3❛♠45✐❝♦ ❛♣3❡2❡♥5❛❞♦ ♥❛2 ❛✉❧❛2 5❡M3✐❝❛2✱ ❛22✐♠ ❝♦♠♦ ✐♥❝❡♥5✐✈❛3 ✐♠♣♦35❛♥5❡2 ❛2♣❡❝5♦2 ♥♦ ♣3♦❝❡22♦ ❞❡ ❞❡2❡♥✈♦❧✈✐✲ ♠❡♥5♦ ✐♥5❡❧❡❝5✉❛❧ ❞♦ ❛❧✉♥♦✱ 5❛✐2 ❝♦♠♦ ❝3✐❛5✐✈✐❞❛❞❡✱ ✈❡3❜❛❧✐③❛?K♦✱ 2C♥5❡2❡ ❡ 2♦❝✐❛❜✐❧✐❞❛❞❡✳ ✶✵✳✹ ❊❙❚❘❯❚❯❘❆ ❊ ❋❯◆❈■❖◆❆▼❊◆❚❖ ❉❖ ❈❯❘❙❖ ❆2 ❛5✐✈✐❞❛❞❡2 ❞❡ ❧❛❜♦3❛5M3✐♦ ❝♦♥25❛3K♦ ❞❡ ❛♣3♦①✐♠❛❞❛♠❡♥5❡ ✺ ❡①♣❡3✐♠❡♥5♦2 ♦❜3✐✲ ❣❛5M3✐♦2✱ ❛ 2❡3❡♠ 3❡❛❧✐③❛❞♦2 ❛♦ ❧♦♥❣♦ ❞♦ 2❡♠❡253❡ ❧❡5✐✈♦✳ ❆2 ❛✉❧❛2 5❡3K♦ ❞✉3❛?K♦ ❞❡ ✷ ❤♦3❛2 2❡♠❛♥❛✐2✳ Q❛3❛ ❛ 3❡❛❧✐③❛?K♦ ❞♦2 53❛❜❛❧❤♦2 ♣345✐❝♦2✱ ♦2 ❛❧✉♥♦2 ❛5✉❛3K♦ ❡♠ ❡F✉✐♣❡2 ❞❡ 53*2✱ F✉❡ 2❡3K♦ 3❡2♣♦♥24✈❡✐2 ♣❡❧♦ ♠❛5❡3✐❛❧ ❢♦3♥❡❝✐❞♦✳ ✶✵✳✺ ❖ ❘❊▲❆❚7❘■❖ ❖ 3❡❧❛5M3✐♦ ❞♦ ❡①♣❡3✐♠❡♥5♦ S ♦❜3✐❣❛5M3✐♦ ❡ ❞❡✈❡34 ❝♦♥25❛3 ❜❛2✐❝❛♠❡♥5❡ ❞❡ ✻ ♣❛35❡2✿ ✶✳ ❚❮❚❯▲❖ ❉❖ ❊❳Q❊❘■▼❊◆❚❖❀ ❯◆■❉❆❉❊ ✶✵✳ ❆♣*♥❞✐❝❡ ❉ ✻✹ ✷✳ ■◆❚❘❖❉❯❈➹❖ ✲ ◆❡9:❛ ♣❛<:❡ ❞❡✈❡<> ❤❛✈❡< ✉♠❛ ❛♣<❡❝✐❛BC♦ 9♦❜<❡ ♦ ❛99✉♥:♦ ❞♦ ❡①♣❡<✐✲ ♠❡♥:♦✱ ❞❡♠♦♥9:<❛♥❞♦ 9✉❛ ✐♠♣♦<:H♥❝✐❛ ❡ ❛ ❛♣<❡9❡♥:❛BC♦ ❞♦9 ♦❜❥❡:✐✈♦9❀ ✸✳ L❆❘❚❊ ❚❊M❘■❈❆ ✲ ❯♠ <❡9✉♠♦ ❞❛ :❡♦<✐❛ ♥❛ N✉❛❧ 9❡ ❢✉♥❞❛♠❡♥:❛ ♦ ❡①♣❡<✐♠❡♥:♦❀ ✹✳ L❘❖❈❊❉■▼❊◆❚❖ ❊❳L❊❘■▼❊◆❚❆▲ ✲ ❯♠❛ ✐♥❢♦<♠❛BC♦ ❝♦♥❝✐9❛ ❡ ♦❜❥❡:✐✈❛ ❞❡ ❝♦♠♦ ❢♦✐ <❡❛❧✐③❛❞♦ ♦ ❡①♣❡<✐♠❡♥:♦✳ ❉❡✈❡<C♦ 9❡< ❞❡9❝<✐:♦9 ♥♦ ♠❛:❡<✐❛❧ ❡ ♦ ♠U:♦❞♦ ✉:✐❧✐③❛❞♦✳ ❊99❛9 ✐♥❢♦<♠❛BV❡9 9C♦ ✐♠♣♦<:❛♥:❡9✱ ♣♦✐9 ❞❡✈❡♠ ♣❡<♠✐:✐< ❛ <❡♣<♦❞✉:✐❜✐❧✐❞❛❞❡ ❞♦ ❡①♣❡<✐♠❡♥:♦ ♣♦< ♦✉:<❛ ♣❡99♦❛❀ ✺✳ ❘❊❙❯▲❚❆❉❖❙ ✲ ❆♣<❡9❡♥:❛BC♦ ❞♦9 ❞❛❞♦9 ❡①♣❡<✐♠❡♥:❛✐9 ❡ ♦ :<❛:❛♠❡♥:♦ ❞♦9 ♠❡9♠♦9✳ L❛<❛ ✉♠❛ ♦:✐♠✐③❛BC♦ ❞❛9 ♠❡❞✐❞❛9 ❝♦❧❡:❛❞❛9✱ ♣<♦❝✉<❡ :❛❜✉❧>✲❧❛9✱ ♥C♦ ❡9N✉❡❝❡♥❞♦ ❞❡ ✐♥❞✐❝❛< ❛9 ❝♦<<❡9♣♦♥❞❡♥:❡9 ✉♥✐❞❛❞❡9 ❞❡ ♠❡❞✐❞❛9✳ ◆❡9:❛ ❡:❛♣❛ ❞♦ <❡❧❛:Y<✐♦✱ ❞❡✈❡♠ 9❡< ❛♣<❡9❡♥:❛❛❞♦9 ♦9 ❝>❧❝✉❧♦9✱ ❣<>✜❝♦9 ❡ :❛❜❡❧❛9❀ ✻✳ ❈❖◆❈▲❯❙\❊❙ ✲ ◆❡9:❛ ♣❛<:❡ U ❢❡✐:❛ ❛ ❛♣<❡9❡♥:❛BC♦ ❞♦9 <❡9✉❧:❛❞♦9 ❞♦ ❡①♣❡<✐♠❡♥:♦✳ ❆:<❛✈U9 ❞❛ ❛♥>❧✐9❡ ❡ ❞✐9❝✉99C♦ ❞❡99❡9 <❡9✉❧:❛❞♦9✱ ❝♦♥❝❧✉✐✲9❡ 9❡ ♦9 ♦❜❥❡:✐✈♦9 ❢♦<❛♠ ❛❧✲ ❝❛♥B❛❞♦9✱ ❝<✐:✐❝❛♠✲9❡ ❛9 ❞✐9❝<❡♣H♥❝✐❛9✱ ✐♥❞✐❝❛♥❞♦ ❛9 ♣<♦✈>✈❡✐9 ❢♦♥:❡9 ❞❡ ❡<<♦9 ❡ ❛♣<❡9❡♥:❛♠✲ ✲9❡ 9✉❣❡9:V❡9 9♦❜<❡ ♦ ❡①♣❡<✐♠❡♥:♦✳ ❆✐♥❞❛ ♥❡9:❛ ♣❛<:❡ U N✉❡ 9C♦ ❞✐9❝✉:✐❞❛9 ❛9 N✉❡9:V❡9 ♣<♦♣♦9:❛9✳ L❛<❛ ✉♥✐❢♦<♠✐③❛< ❛ ❛✈❛❧✐❛BC♦✱ ❛9 ♥♦:❛9 ♣❛<❛ ❝❛❞❛ ]:❡♠ ❞♦ <❡❧❛:Y<✐♦ 9C♦ ❛9 9❡❣✉✐♥:❡9✿ ■♥:<♦❞✉BC♦ ✶ ♣♦♥:♦ L❛<:❡ :❡Y<✐❝❛ ✶ ♣♦♥:♦ L<♦❝❡❞✐♠❡♥:♦ ❡①♣❡<✐♠❡♥:❛❧ ✶ ♣♦♥:♦ ❘❡9✉❧:❛❞♦9 ✸ ♣♦♥:♦9 ❈♦♥❝❧✉9V❡9 ✹ ♣♦♥:♦9
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