capitulo1 Fisica mecaninca

Prévia do material em texto

Chapter 1 
Measurement and Vectors 
Conceptual Problems 
[SSM]
Determine the Concept 
2 •
Picture the Problem 
3 • 
Determine the Concept 
4 • 
Determine the Concept 
5 • [SSM]
Picture the Problem 
Remarks: Because there are exactly 2.54 cm in 1 in and exactly 12 inches in 1 ft, we 
are justified in reporting four significant figures in these results. 
6 •
Determine the Concept 
7 •
Determine the Concept 
8
Determine the Concept 
9 •
10 •
Determine the Concept
11 • [SSM]
Determine the Concept 
12 •
Determine the Concept
13 • [SSM]
Determine the Concept 
Estimation and Approximation
14 •
Picture the Problem
15 • [SSM]
Picture the Problem
16 ••
Picture the Problem
17 ••
Picture the Problem
18 ••
Picture the Problem
19 •• [SSM]
Picture the Problem
Units
20 • 
Picture the Problem 
21 •
Picture the Problem
22 •
Picture the Problem
23 •• [SSM] 
Picture the Problem 
24 ••
Picture the Problem 
Conversion of Units 
25 •
Picture the Problem
26 •
Picture the Problem
27 • 
Picture the Problem 
28 •
Picture the Problem 
29 • 
Picture the Problem 
30 • 
Picture the Problem 
31 •
Picture the Problem 
32 •
Picture the Problem 
33 •• [SSM]
Picture the Problem 
34 ••
Picture the Problem 
35 •• [SSM]
Picture the Problem 
Dimensions of Physical Quantities 
36 •
Picture the Problem 
37 •
Picture the Problem 
38 ••
Picture the Problem 
39 ••
Picture the Problem
40 ••
Picture the Problem
41 •• [SSM]
Picture the Problem
42 ••
Picture the Problem
Remarks: While it is true that , dimensional analysis does not reveal 
the presence of dimensionless constants. For example, if the analysis 
shown above would fail to establish the factor of 
43 •• [SSM]
Picture the Problem
44 ••
Picture the Problem
Scientific Notation and Significant Figures 
45 • [SSM]
Picture the Problem 
46 •
Picture the Problem 
47 • [SSM]
Picture the Problem 
48 •
Picture the Problem 
49 • [SSM]
Picture the Problem 
50 ••
Picture the Problem 
51 •• [SSM]
Picture the Problem 
Vectors and Their Properties
52 •
Picture the Problem 
Remarks: You could also solve Part ( ) of this problem by using the law of 
cosines.
53 • [SSM] 
Picture the Problem
54 •
Picture the Problem 
Remarks: In Part ( ) we could have used the Pythagorean Theorem to find 
the magnitude of 
55 • 
Picture the Problem 
56 •
Picture the Problem
Remarks: If you use the Pythagorean Theorem and right-triangle 
trigonometry, you’ll find that the length of the second leg of your journey is 
265 m and that = 19 S of E. 
57 ••
Picture the Problem
58 ••
Picture the Problem 
Remarks: The analytical results for and are in excellent agreement with 
the values determined graphically. 
59 •• [SSM]
Picture the Problem
60 •• 
Picture the Problem
Remarks: One can confirm that a given vector is, in fact, a unit vector by 
checking its magnitude. 
General Problems 
61 • [SSM] 
Picture the Problem
Remarks: An alternative to multiplying by 103 m/km in the last step is to 
replace the metric prefix k in km by 103.
62 • 
Picture the Problem 
63 •
Picture the Problem 
64 •
Picture the Problem 
65 •
Picture the Problem 
66 •• 
Picture the Problem 
67 •• 
Picture the Problem
68 •• 
Picture the Problem
69 •• 
Picture the Problem
70 ••
Picture the Problem 
71 ••• 
Picture the Problem
0.80
0.90
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
1.50
1.60
1.70
1.80
0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00
Remarks: One could use a graphing calculator to obtain the results in Parts 
( ) and ( ). 
72 ••• 
Picture the Problem
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
1.20
1.40
0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40
Remarks: One could use a graphing calculator to obtain these results. 
73 ••• [SSM]
Picture the Problem
74 ••• 
Picture the Problem 
Remarks: One can also solve this problem using the law of sines. 
75 ••• 
Picture the Problem
-0.4
-0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
-1.1 -1.0 -0.9 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2
,
,
76 •••
Picture the Problem 
77 ••• 
Picture the Problem
78 ••• 
Picture the Problem