Curso de Inglês Intermediário II

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Seja bem Vindo! 
 
Curso 
Inglês II Intermediario 
CursosOnlineSP.com.br 
 Carga horári 60a: hs 
 
 
3 
do:úConte 
 
 
Uses of verbs with - Ing and Infinitive ................................................................... Pág. 7 
Should and Shouldn't ........................................................................................... Pág. 9 
Defining Relative Clauses .................................................................................... Pág. 11 
First Conditional Com future Time Clauses .......................................................... Pág. 13 
Will / Won't ........................................................................................................... Pág. 15 
May / Might ........................................................................................................... Pág. 17 
Indirect Questions ................................................................................................ Pág. 18 
Reported Speech ................................................................................................. Pág. 20 
Present Perfect Continuos ................................................................................... Pág. 23 
Reflexive Pronouns .............................................................................................. Pág. 25 
Vocabulary - Past Time Expressions ................................................................... Pág. 26 
Cardinal Numbers ................................................................................................ Pág. 27 
Ordinal Numbers .................................................................................................. Pág. 28 
Vocabulary- Members of the Family ..................................................................... Pág. 29 
Vocabulary - Confusing verbs .............................................................................. Pág. 30 
Vocabulary - Work ................................................................................................ Pág. 31 
Gabarito ............................................................................................................... Pág. 32 
 
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Unidade 1: USES OF THE –ING / INFINITIVE 
 
 
 
1. I want to go to the party 
 
 Alguns verbos pedem o uso do infinitivo quando um segundo verbo 
é usado após ele. Entre eles, temos os verbos: decide, forget, help, hope, 
learn, need, offer, plan, pretend, promise, remember, refuse, seem, start, try, 
want e would like. 
 
2. I finished doing my homework. 
 
 Alguns verbos pedem o uso do -ing quando um segundo verbo é 
usado após ele. Entre eles, temos os verbos: dislike, enjoy, feel like, finish, 
keep on, hate, like, love, practice, recommend, suggest, start, stop e think of. 
 
3. I like singing. / I like to sing. 
 
 Alguns verbos permitem o uso do infinitivo ou do -ing quando um 
segundo verbo é usado após ele, sem diferença no significado. Entre eles, 
temos os verbos: hate, like, love e start. 
 
4. I stopped smoking last year. / I stopped to buy some chocolate. 
 
 
 O verbo stop pode ser usado tanto com o –ing quanto com o 
infinitivo, porém com uma pequena mudança no significado. Quando 
usamos o –ing indicamos que paramos de fazer algo, enquanto o infinitivo 
sugere que paramos para fazer algo. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8 
5. Why do you study English? / To get a better job. 
 
 Podemos usar o infinitive no começo de uma frase para indicar um 
motivo ou propósito. 
 
6. Reading makes me happy. / I think smoking should be banned. 
 
 Podemos usar um verbo como o sujeito da frase. Neste caso, 
usamos o -ing e o conjugamos como a terceira pessoa do singular (it). 
 
 Lembrando que esta estrutura difere do português, onde fazemos a 
mesma coisa porém usando o infinitivo. 
 
7. I can speak 4 languages. / She should work less. / She had better 
finish her work. 
 
 Usa-se o infinitivo sem to após os verbos modais. Entre eles, temos 
can, could, may, might, must e should, além de expressões similares como 
had better, have to, ought to e would rather. 
 
EXERCISE 
 
 Complete the sentences with a verb in the infinitive or –ing forms. If 
both are possible, use them. 
 
I don’t like doing this kind of work. (do) 
What do you want __________ tonight? (do) 
I’m really bad at __________ people’s birthdates. (remember) 
I need __________ some aspirin urgently. (buy) 
Try ___________ less noise while I’m sleeping, please. (make) 
She spent all afternoon _________ to her boyfriend on the phone. (talk) 
I hate _________ late for class. (be) 
I’d like ___________ how to play some musical instrument. (learn) 
She decided ________________ to Australia. (move) 
_____________ long distances by plane is faster than ___________ by car. 
(travel / go) 
____________ an only child may be very difficult. (be) 
Is your brother afraid of ___________ ? (fly) 
Keep on ___________ hard if you want to succeed. (study) 
I think we should ___________ a taxi to go home. (call) 
I suggested ___________ pizza for dinner. (get) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Unidade 2: SHOULD / SHOULDN’T 
 
 
 
 
(advice / suggestions / reccomendations / deduction) 
 
We should exercise more to keep in shape. 
She shouldn’t work so much. 
His team is really good, they should win the game. 
 
 Usa-se o modal should ou shouldn’t para se dar um conselho, uma 
sugestão ou quando queremos dar a ideia de dedução. Nos dois primeiros 
exemplos, o falante está dando um conselho, sendo o primeiro na afirmativa 
e o segundo na negativa. Já no terceiro exemplo, há uma ideia de dedução. 
 
 Por se tratar de um verbo modal, é necessário termos um segundo 
verbo após should sendo que este verbo deve estar no infinitivo sem a 
partícula to. Observe: 
 
should exercise 
shouldn’t work 
should win 
 
 
EXERCISE 
 
Complete the sentences with should / shouldn’t + one of the following verbs. 
 
do – drive – eat – go – ride – sit – waste – watch – win 
Jim, you shouldn’t watch too much TV! 
I’m a careless driver, I think I ____________ ____________ more carefully. 
If I want to lose weight, I ____________ ____________ more healthy food. 
We’ve been working nights, we ____________ ____________ it so often. 
His car is much faster, he ____________ ____________ the race. 
It’s late and you wake up early tomorrow. You ___________ _____________ 
to bed now. 
 
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His motorcycle is really old, he ____________ ____________ it for such long 
distances. 
There’s a really hard test tomorrow, we ____________ ____________ our 
time playing games. 
Did you forget your glasses? You ____________ ____________ at the front. 
 
 
 
HAVE TO / DON’T HAVE TO / MUST / MUSTN’T / CAN’T 
 
You have to study more if you want to pass the test. 
 
 Usamos haveto para falar sobre uma necessidade (necessity), 
algo que temos que fazer. 
 
You don’t have to talk to him if you don’t want to. 
 
 Usamos a negative don’thaveto para uma não-necessidade (non-
necessity), para falarmos sobre algo que não precisamos ou temos que 
fazer. 
 
You must be polite with people at work. 
 
 Usamos must para algo que é uma regra (rule) ou uma obrigação 
(obligation). 
 
You mustn’t smoke in closed places. / You can’t smoke in closed places. 
 
 Usamos a negative mustn’tou can’t para uma proibição 
(prohibition). 
 
Todos os modais e expressões acima devem ser seguidos de um verbo no 
infinitivo sem to. Observe: 
 
have to study 
don’t have to talk 
must be 
mustn’t smoke / can’t smoke 
 
EXERCISE 
 
Complete the sentences with have to / don’t have to / must / mustn’t / can’t + 
one
of the following verbs. 
 
I don’t have to work on Sundays. (work - non-necessity) 
Jane __________ __________ very hard. (work - necessity) 
We __________ __________ a uniform to work. (wear - non-necessity) 
You __________ __________ here. (park – prohibition) 
 
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This is a non-smoking area, you __________ __________ in here. If you 
want to, you __________ __________ outside. (smoke – prohibition / go – 
obligation) 
________we __________ __________ tomorrow morning? (work – 
necessity) 
You __________ __________ your medicine every 6 hours. (take – 
obligation) 
It’s a free show, we __________ __________ for it. (pay – non-necessity) 
You __________ __________ the room after the class has started. (enter – 
prohibition) 
It’s getting late, I __________ __________now. (go – obligation) 
In England, you __________ __________ on the left. (drive – obligation) 
 
 
 
Unidade 3: DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES 
 
 
 
A dentist is a person who takes care of people’s teeth. 
A supermarket is a place where we can buy food. 
A pen is an object which we use to write on paper. 
 
 Usamos estas expressões para explicar o que uma pessoa, um lugar 
ou um objeto é. 
 
Who usado para pessoas 
Whereusado para lugares 
Which usado para objetos 
That pode ser usado em qualquer um dos três casos acima 
 
Algumas expressões comumente usadas nestas situações são: 
 
a person who...  uma pessoa que... 
somebody who...  alguém que... 
a place where...  um lugar onde… 
a thing that...  uma coisa que... 
a kind of...  um tipo de... 
the opposite of...  o contrário/oposto de... 
 
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like...  como / tipo... 
similar to...  similar a... / parecido com... 
how you feel when...  como você se sente quando... 
 
 
NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES 
 
My mom, who cooked this meal, is a great cook. 
 
This photograph, which was taken by a very famous photographer, is 
worth a lot of money. 
 
This hospital, where I was born, is one of the best in town. 
 
 Usamos non-defining relative clauses para acrescentar a uma 
frase informações extras e não essenciais para o seu entendimento. Essa 
informação deve vir entre vírgulas e as regras são parecidas com as defining 
relative clauses vistas anteriormente. Observe: 
 
 
Who usado para pessoas 
Whereusado para lugares 
Which usado para objetos 
 
Nestes casos, porém, não podemos substituir os pronomes relativos who, 
where e which por that. 
 
 
 
1stCONDITIONAL 
 
(if + simple present / will + base form) 
 
If I miss the bus, I’ll get to school late. 
If she doesn’t study, she’ll fail the test. 
What will you do if it rains tomorrow? 
 
 Quando usamos a 1ª condicional, nos referimos a uma possível 
situação no futuro e sua consequência. A parte da frase onde usamos if (se), 
chamada de if-clause, pode tanto vir no começo quanto no final, sem alterar 
o significado da frase. Observe: 
 
If I miss the bus, I’ll get to school late. 
I’ll get to school late if I miss the bus. 
 
 
 
 
 
13 
 Para formarmos essa condicional utilizamos na if-clause a estrutura 
if + simple present, e na segunda parte o futuro com will + base form. 
 
If I miss the bus, I’ll get to school late. 
If she doesn’t study, she’ll fail the test. 
What will you do if it rains tomorrow? 
 
 Na 1ª condicional podemos também utilizar o imperativo ou o verbo 
modal can. 
 
If you miss the train, get a taxi to school. 
If you miss the train, you can get a taxi to school. 
 
EXERCISE 
 
 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs 
I won’t tell your parents if you tell me what happened. (not tell / happen) 
 
If you __________ to class on time, you __________ more. (come / learn) 
You __________ on time if __________ now. (be / leave) 
If I __________ notes, I __________ the subject. (not take / not remember) 
If you __________, the teacher __________ you. (need / help) 
If we __________ him later, we’ll __________ him tomorrow. (not see / see) 
If you __________ the test, you __________ a reward. (pass / get) 
If I __________ you some money, you __________ buy it soon. (lend / be 
able to) 
Your daddy __________ angry if you __________ him the truth. (be / not tell) 
If he __________ me, I __________ really upset. (not call / be) 
 
 
 
Unidade 4: 1ST CONDITIONAL + FUTURE TIME CLAUSES 
 
 
 
(if / unless + simple present; will + base form) 
 
 
14 
 Vimos anteriormente como usar a 1ª condicional com a partícula if. 
Nesta seção veremos outras expressões que podemos usar com esta 
mesma condicional. 
 
I’ll get to school late if I miss the bus. 
I won’t get to school late, unless I miss the bus. 
 
She’ll fail the test if she doesn’t study hard. 
She’ll fail the test unless she studies hard. 
 
 Nos dois casos acima, trocamos a partícula if (“se”) por unless (“a 
menos que”). Em ambas as situações usamos uma condição para que uma 
consequência futura aconteça. 
 Quando usamos if, a ideia que vem após deve acontecer para que a 
consequência da segunda ideia também aconteça. 
 
I’ll get to school late if I miss the bus. 
(Para chegar à escola atrasada, a pessoa deve perder o ônibus.) 
 
She’ll fail the test if she doesn’t study hard. 
(Para ser reprovada no teste, a pessoa não deve estudar muito.) 
 
 Quando usamos unless, as ideias se invertem, pois o que vem após a 
palavra não deve acontecer para que a consequência da segunda ideia 
aconteça. 
 
I won’t get to school late, unless I miss the bus. 
 
(A pessoa não chegará atrasada na escola a menos que perca o ônibus.) 
 
She’ll fail the test unless she studies hard. 
 
(A pessoa não será reprovada no teste, a menos que estude.) 
 
Outras expressões também podem ser usadas com a 1ª condicional, 
chamamos elas de future time clauses. as soon as  assim que 
 
As soon as you get home, I’ll give him a call. 
whenquando 
 
We’ll give a party when he comes back home. 
untilaté / atéque 
 
I won’t leave until you tell me what happened. 
before antes / antes de / antes que 
 
We’ll eat something before we leave for the trip. 
afterdepois / depois de / depois que 
 
 
 
15 
I’ll take a shower after I go to the gym. 
 
*A expressão as soon as possible (“assim que possível”) é comumente 
usada em e-mails e abreviada como ASAP. 
 
 
EXERCISE 
 
 
Complete the sentences with the following words or expressions: 
after – as soon as – before – if – unless – until – when 
 
I have to write it down beforeI forget. 
Tomorrow is the deadline, let’s meet ___________ we can. 
I’ll buy it ______________ I get my salary. 
Your family will be upset _____________ they find out what happened. 
___________ I want to travel next year, I have to save money now. 
It’s raining a lot, let’s pull over ________ the rain stops. 
We won’t get there on time ___________ we leave now. 
I want to keep on practicing exercise _________ I get very old. 
You’ll surely pass your driving test __________ you get very nervous. 
 
 
 
Unidade 5: WILL / WON’T 
 
 
 
(predictions / promises / offers / decisions) 
 
It will rain tomorrow. (prediction) 
I’ll always be here for you. (promises) 
Don’t worry, I’ll help you. (offers) 
We’ll have the steak. (decisions) 
 
 
 
16 
 Podemos usar o futuro com will para nos referirmos a previsões 
(predictions), promessas (promises), para oferecer algo (offers) e rápidas 
decisões (decisions). 
 
 Predictions informações não definidas ou incertas sobre o futuro 
como por exemplo informações sobre o tempo, sobre a duração de 
um evento, sobre o trânsito, sobre o que alguém vai achar sobre um 
filme, etc. 
 
 Promises promessas feitas a alguém a curto ou longo prazo. 
 
 Offers ofertas de ajuda a curto, médio
ou longo prazo. 
 
 Decisions decisões rápidas e instantâneas, como por exemplo o 
prato a pedir em um restaurante ou uma peça de roupa escolhida em 
uma loja. 
 
 
As regras gramaticais são as mesmas já apresentadas anteriormente: 
 
SUBJECT + WILL / WON’T + BASE FORM + COMPLEMENT 
 
 
EXERCISE 
 
Make sentences with the following words + will (+) / won’t (-). Then, say if it’s 
a prediction, an offer, a promise or a decision. 
 
The team / win (-) 
 
The team won’t win. prediction 
 
I / help you (+) 
_______________________________________________________ 
I / make a sandwich (+) 
_______________________________________________________ 
She / love the present (+) 
_______________________________________________________ 
We / tell anyone (-) 
_______________________________________________________ 
It / rain tomorrow (-) 
_______________________________________________________ 
It / be difficult to park (+) 
_______________________________________________________ 
I / take the blue shirt (+) 
_______________________________________________________ 
We / have some red wine only (+) 
_______________________________________________________ 
 
 
 
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Unidade 6: MAY / MIGHT 
 
 
 
(possibility / probability) 
 
It might rain tomorrow. 
He may come to the party next weekend. 
Janet might not finish her test in time. 
Daddy may not lend us any money this time. 
 
 Usamos os modais may e might para expressar uma ideia de 
possibilidade ou probabilidade de que algo aconteça. O significado é algo 
como poder, porém, desta vez se referindo a algo que pode acontecer pois 
há essa possibilidade, e não se referindo a uma habilidade como visto no 
modal can. 
 
 Ambos possuem um significado parecido, porém may indica que há 
uma possibilidade maior de que algo aconteça. Observe: 
 
It may be cold tomorrow. 
It might be cold tomorrow. 
 
 No primeiro exemplo (may), é passada a ideia de que mais 
provavelmente estará frio amanhã do que no segundo exemplo (might). 
Podemos seguir a mesma fórmula dos verbos modais para utilizá-los em 
uma frase. 
 
SUBJECT + MAY / MIGHT + BASE FORM + COMPLEMENT 
 
Negativa: 
 
SUBJECT + MAY / MIGHT + NOT + BASE FORM + COMPLEMENT 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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INDIRECT QUESTIONS 
 
What time is it? (direct question) 
Can you tell me what time it is? (indirect question) 
 
Where’s the post office? (direct question) 
Could you tell me where the post office is? (indirect question) 
 
Is there a bank nearby? (direct question) 
Do you know if there’s a bank nearby? (indirect question) 
 
Where did he live? (direct question) 
Do you remember where he lived? (indirect question) 
 
 
 Para que uma pergunta soe mais educada, podemos começá-las 
com expressões como: 
 
Can you tell me...?  Você pode me dizer...? 
Could you tell me...?  Você poderia me dizer…? 
Do you know…?  Você sabe…? 
 
 Nestes casos, então, devemos usar indirect questions, ou seja, 
perguntas indiretas. 
 
 Em Inglês, sempre que fazemos uma pergunta, precisamos usar 
algum tipo de inversão, seja no verbo to be, seja com um verbo auxiliar ou 
com um verbo modal. Observe alguns exemplos: 
 
It’s 7 o’clock now. Is it 7 o’clock now? 
She works a lot. Does she work a lot? 
You can run very fast. Can you run very fast? 
 
 Nos exemplos acima, começamos as perguntas com o verbo to be, 
com um verbo auxiliar e com um verbo modal, respectivamente. 
Um erro muito comum ao usarmos indirect questions é aplicar a mesma 
estrutura da interrogativa. 
 
 As expressões citadas acima para serem usadas nas indirect 
questions já estão na interrogativa, observe: 
 
Can you tell me...? 
Could you tell me...? 
Do you know…? 
Do you remember…? 
 
 Neste caso o resto da frase não pode ser invertido como em uma 
pergunta. Veja: 
 
 
 
19 
What time is it?  direct question 
Can you tell me what time is it? duas interrogativas na mesma frase 
Can you tell me what time it is?  indirect question correta 
 
 Mantemos a segunda parte da pergunta como se fosse uma 
afirmativa, respeitando a conjugação correta do verbo (presente, passado, 
futuro, 3ª pessoa, etc.). 
 
Outros exemplos: 
 
Where do you live? 
Could you tell me where do you live? 
Could you tell me where you live? 
 
Where did she work before? 
 
Do you know where did she work before? 
Do you know where she worked before? 
 
 
EXERCISE 
Make indirect questions from the direct questions given. 
 
Where’s the bank? 
Do you know where the bank is? 
 
Where do your parents live? 
Could you tell me ________________________? 
 
Where can I eat? 
Do you know ________________________? 
 
What time does the school close? 
Do you know ________________________? 
 
Is it raining now? 
Can you tell me ________________________? 
 
Where did we leave the keys? 
Do you remember ________________________? 
 
Is there a post office nearby? 
Do you know if ________________________? 
 
Does this bus go downtown? 
Can you tell me if ________________________? 
 
Where is the cafeteria? 
Do you know ________________________? 
 
 
20 
Unidade 7: REPORTED SPEECH 
 
 
 
“I want to go home.” 
He said that he wanted to go home. 
“I’m hungry.” 
He said that he was hungry. 
 
 Usamos o reported speech para reportar o que uma outra pessoa 
disse anteriormente. No exemplo acima, o falante falou no simple present, 
ou seja, na hora de reportar o que foi dito foi usado o simple past. 
 
 Algumas das mudanças de tempo mais comuns são: 
 
SIMPLE PRESENT  SIMPLE PAST 
“I want to go home.” 
He said that he wanted to go home. 
 
CAN  COULD 
“I can speak 5 languages.” 
He said he could speak 5 languages. 
 
WILL  WOULD 
“I’ll go there next week.” 
He said he would go there next week. 
 
SIMPLE PAST PAST PERFECT 
“I met her at the mall.” 
He said that he had met her at the mall. 
 
PRESENT PERFECT  PAST PERFECT 
“I’ve been to Disney.” 
He said that he had been to Disney. 
 
 No reported speech costumamos utilizar os verbos say (dizer) e tell 
(contar) em afirmativas e negativas, enquanto nas interrogativas usamos ask 
(perguntar). 
 
 
21 
 Para perguntas (reported questions) seguimos a mesma regra 
de mudanças de tempo acima, porém, não mantemos a estrutura 
interrogativa. Observe: 
 
SIMPLE PRESENT  SIMPLE PAST 
 
“Do you want to go home?” 
He asked meifI wanted to go home. 
 
CAN  COULD 
 
“Can you speak 5 languages?” 
He asked me if I could speak 5 languages. 
 
 
WILL  WOULD 
 
“Will you be there next week?” 
He asked me if I would be there next week. 
 
SIMPLE PAST PAST PERFECT 
 
“Did you meet her at the mall?” 
He asked me If I had met her at the mall. 
 
PRESENT PERFECT  PAST PERFECT 
 
“Have you been to Disney?” 
He asked me if I had been to Disney. 
 
 Se usarmos algum tipo de wh-question, para reportar a pergunta 
devemos usá-la novamente. Observe: 
 
What do you want? 
He asked me what I wanted. 
Where did you go? 
He asked me whereI had gone. 
 
 
EXERCISE 
Write the following sentences and questions in the reported speech. 
 
I’m sick. 
He said that he was sick. 
 
Do you want to go there? 
He asked me if I wanted to go there. 
 
 
 
 
22 
I don’t like beer. 
______________________________________________ 
 
Do you like chocolate? 
______________________________________________ 
 
I’ve been there before. 
______________________________________________ 
 
I lived in a very small town. 
______________________________________________ 
 
Have you been to England? 
______________________________________________ 
 
Where did you work? 
______________________________________________
I saw that movie on TV. 
______________________________________________ 
 
Where does it come from? 
______________________________________________ 
 
Can you drive well? 
______________________________________________ 
 
Do you want to dance with me? 
______________________________________________ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23 
Unidade 8: PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS 
 
 
(have / has + been + ing) 
 
I’ve been working for this company since 1999. 
She’s been reading that book for months. 
My mom hasn’t been cooking since she had a surgery. 
 
 Usamos o present perfect continuous para falar sobre uma ação 
que começou no passado e ainda acontece no presente. Para utilizarmos 
seguimos as seguintes fórmulas: 
 
SUBJECT + HAVE / HAS + BEEN + -ING + COMPLEMENT 
(aff.) 
 
SUBJECT + HAVEN’T / HASN’T + BEEN + -ING + COMPLEMENT 
(neg.) 
 
HAVE / HAS + SUBJECT + BEEN + -ING + COMPLEMENT 
(int.) 
 
 Como visto anteriormente, também podemos utilizar o present 
perfect para falar de uma ação iniciada e ainda não terminada. Mas 
podemos ter algumas diferenças entre eles. Observe: 
 
I’ve worked here for 10 years. 
I’ve been working here for 10 years. 
 
 Neste caso, ambos tempos verbais indicam a mesma coisa, que a 
pessoa trabalha no mesmo lugar há 10 anos. No segundo exemplo, porém, 
enfatiza-se mais essa ação contínua, sem alterar o significado final. 
 
I’ve read that book. 
I’ve been reading that book for months. 
 
 Neste exemplo os significados são diferentes. No primeiro, usa-se 
o present perfect para uma ação finalizada que não dizemos quando 
 
24 
aconteceu, enquanto o segundo exemplo indica uma ação iniciada no 
passado e que ainda acontece. 
 
EXERCISE 
Write sentences in the present perfect continuous with the following words. 
 
Charlie / work here / for 7 years 
Charlie has been working here for 7 years. 
 
We / study Spanish / since 2010 
________________________________________________ 
 
You / work a lot recently / ? 
________________________________________________ 
 
He / not feel well 
________________________________________________ 
 
You / wait / for a long time / ? 
________________________________________________ 
 
How long / you / live in São Paulo / ? 
________________________________________________ 
 
The computer system / not work / since Monday 
________________________________________________ 
 
We / walk / for hours 
________________________________________________ 
 
She / not eat well / recently 
________________________________________________ 
 
The baby / cry / for a long time 
________________________________________________ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25 
Unidade 9: REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS / EACH OTHER 
 
 
 
I like to see myself in the mirror. 
I love cats because they clean themselves with no help. 
I hope we’ll see each other again soon. 
 
Subject Pronoun Reflexive Pronoun 
I Myself 
You (sing.) Yourself 
He Himself 
She Herself 
It Itself 
We Ourselves 
You (plural) Yourselves 
They Themselves 
 
 Os pronomes reflexivos são usados quando o sujeito e o objeto da 
frase são os mesmos. 
 
Quando fazemos algo para alguém e essa pessoa faz o mesmo de volta, 
usamos a expressão each other. 
 
Veja: 
 
We hugged each other for a long time. 
(Nós nos abraçamos por um longo tempo.) 
 
They were looking at each other when I got there. 
(Eles estavam se olhando quando eu cheguei lá.) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
26 
Unidade 10: VOCABULARY – PAST TIME EXPRESSIONS 
 
 
 
LAST 
 
last night (ontem a noite) 
last week (semanapassada) 
lastweekend (fim-de-semanapassado) 
lastmonth (mêspassado) 
last year (anopassado) 
last class (aula passada) 
last Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, etc. (segunda, terça, quarta passada) 
last January, February, March, etc. (Janeiro, Fevereiro, Março passado) 
lastsummer (verão passado) 
 
YESTERDAY 
 
yesterday morning (ontem de manhã) 
yesterday afternoon (ontem a tarde) 
yesterday evening (ontem a noite) 
 
IN  meses, anos, estações do ano 
in January, February, March, etc. (em Janeiro, Fevereiro, Março, etc.) 
in 1995 (em 1995) 
in the spring (na primavera) 
in the summer (no verão) 
in the fall (no outono) 
in the winter (no inverno) 
 
ON  dias da semana e datas 
on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, etc. 
on November 20th 
 
 
 
 
 
27 
VOCABULARY – CARDINAL NUMBERS 
 
1 – ONE 
2 – TWO 
3 – THREE 
4 – FOUR 
5 – FIVE 
6 – SIX 
7 – SEVEN 
8 – EIGHT 
9 – NINE 
10 – TEN 
-- 
11 – ELEVEN 
12 – TWELVE 
13 – THIRTEEN 
14 – FOURTEEN 
15 – FIFTEEN 
16 – SIXTEEN 
17 – SEVENTEEN 
18 – EIGHTEEN 
19 – NINETEEN 
 
20 – TWENTY 
30 – THIRTY 
40 – FORTY 
50 – FIFTY 
60 – SIXTY 
70 – SEVENTY 
80 – EIGHTY 
90 – NINETY 
-- 
100 – ONE HUNDRED 
1,000 – ONE THOUSAND 
1,000,000 – ONE MILLION 
1,000,000,000 – ONE BILLION 
 
5 – FIVE 
25 – TWENTY-FIVE 
125 – ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIVE 
6,125 – SIX THOUSAND, ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIVE 
36,125 – THIRTY-SIX THOUSAND, ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIVE 
336,125 – THREE HUNDRED AND THIRTY SIX THOUSAND, ONE 
HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIVE 
2,336,125 – TWO MILLION, THREE HUNDRED AND THIRTY-SIX 
THOUSAND, ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIVE 
 
 
 
 
28 
Unidade 11: VOCABULARY – ORDINAL NUMBERS 
 
 
 
1ST – FIRST 
2ND – SECOND 
3RD – THIRD 
4TH – FOURTH 
5TH – FIFTH 
6TH – SIXTH 
7TH – SEVENTH 
8TH – EIGHTH 
9TH – NINTH 
10TH – TENTH 
-- 
11TH – ELEVENTH 
12TH – TWELFTH 
13TH – THIRTEENTH 
14TH – FOURTEENTH 
15TH – FIFTEENTH 
16TH – SIXTEENTH 
17TH – SEVENTEENTH 
18TH – EIGHTEENTH 
19TH – NINETEENTH 
-- 
20TH – TWENTIETH 
30TH – THIRTIETH 
40TH – FORTIETH 
50TH – FIFTIETH 
60TH – SIXTIETH 
70TH – SEVENTIETH 
80TH – EIGHTIETH 
90TH – NINETIETH 
21ST – TWENTY-FIRST 
32ND – THIRTY-SECOND 
 
 
29 
53RD – FIFTY-THIRD 
67TH – SEVENTY-SEVENTH 
99TH – NINETY-NINTH 
 
 
Unidade12: VOCABULARY – MEMBERS OF THE FAMILY 
 
 
 
Father – pai / Mother – mãe 
 
Son – filho / Daughter – filha 
 
Brother – irmão / Sister – irmã 
 
Grandfather – avô / Grandmother – avó 
 
Great-grandfather – bisavô / Great-grandmother – bisavó 
 
Uncle – tio / Aunt – tia 
 
Cousin – primo/prima 
 
Father-in-law – sogro / Mother-in-law – sogra 
 
Son-in-law – genro / Daughter-in-law – nora 
 
Brother-in-law – cunhado / Sister-in-law – cunhada 
 
Stepfather – padrasto / Stepmother – madrasta 
 
Half-brother – meio-irmão / Half-sister – meia-irmã 
 
 
 
30 
VOCABULARY – CONFUSING VERBS 
 
 
 
 
WEAR (usar) # USE (usar) 
 
wear – geralmente usado para peças de roupas, refere-se a coisas que vão 
no nosso corpo (roupas, acessórios, óculos, maquiagem, etc.) 
use – usar para algum propósito 
 
WIN (ganhar) # EARN (ganhar) 
 
win – ganhar no sentido de vencer; vitória 
earn – ganhar dinheiro 
 
KNOW (conhecer) # MEET (conhecer) 
 
know – saber/conhecer 
meet – conhecer/encontrar uma pessoa 
 
HOPE (esperar) # WAIT (esperar) 
 
hope – esperar no sentido de ter esperança 
wait – esperar por algo ou alguém 
 
LISTEN TO (ouvir) # HEAR (ouvir) 
 
listento – ouvir algo com atenção, prestar atenção 
hear – ouvir no geral, sem focar a atenção 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31 
VOCABULARY – WORK 
 
 
 
Part-time – meio-período 
 
Full-time – período integral 
 
Temporary – temporário 
 
Permanent – permanente 
 
Contract – contrato 
 
Working hours – horas de trabalho 
 
Qualifications – qualificações 
 
Training course – treinamento 
 
To quit – demitir-se 
 
To fire – demitir 
 
To retire – aposentar-se 
 
Self-employed –autônomo 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
32 
Gabarito 
 
Unidade 1: USES OF THE –ING
/ INFINITIVE 
 
 
to do 
to remember 
to buy 
to make 
talking 
being 
to learn 
to move 
Traveling / to go 
Being 
flying 
studying 
call 
getting 
 
 
 
Unidade 2: SHOULD / SHOULDN’T 
 
I should drive 
I should eat 
we shouldn't do 
he should win 
should go 
shouldn't ride 
shouldn't waste 
should sit 
 
 
HAVE TO / DON’T HAVE TO / MUST / MUSTN’T / CAN’T 
 
has to work 
don't have to wear 
mustn't park 
can't smoke / must go 
Do / have to work 
must take 
don't have pay 
can't enter 
must go 
must drive 
 
 
 
 
 
33 
1stCONDITIONAL 
 
 
come / you'll learn 
You'll be / leave 
don't take / won't 
need / will help 
don't see / we’ll see 
pass / you'll get 
lend / you'll be 
will be / don't tell 
doesn't call / I'll be 
 
 
 
Unidade 4: 1ST CONDITIONAL + FUTURE TIME CLAUSES 
 
as soon as 
after 
as soon as 
If 
until 
unless 
when 
before 
 
 
Unidade 5: WILL / WON’T 
 
 
I'll help you  offer. 
I'll make a sandwich  decision. 
She'll love the present  prediction. 
We won't tell anyone.  promise. 
It won't rain tomorrow.  prediction. 
It'll be difficult to park.  prediction. 
I'll take the blue shirt.  decisions. 
We'll have some red wine only.  decisions. 
 
 
 
 
 
INDIRECT QUESTIONS 
 
Could you tell me where your parents live? 
Do you know where I can eat? 
Do you know what time the school closes? 
 
34 
Can you tell me if it raining is now? 
Do you remember where we left the keys? 
Do you know if there is a post office nearby? 
Can you tell me if this bus goes downtown? 
Do you know where the cafeteria is? 
 
 
 
Unidade 7: REPORTED SPEECH 
 
 
He said that he didn't like beer. 
He asked me if I liked chocolate. 
He said that he had been there before. 
He said that he had lived in a very small town. 
He asked me if I had been to England. 
He asked me where I had worked. 
He said that he had seen that movie on TV. 
He asked me where it comes from. 
He asked me if I could drive well. 
He asked me if I wanted to dance with him. 
 
 
 
Unidade 8: PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS 
 
 
We have been studying Spanish since 2010. 
Have you been working a lot recently? 
He hasn't been feeling well. 
Have you been waiting for a long time? 
How long have you been living in São Paulo? 
The computer system hasn't been working since Monday. 
We have been walking for hours. 
She hasn't been eating well recently. 
The baby has been crying for a long time.