GUIA ILUSTRADO PARA CRIAÇAO DE COGUMELOS

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The Illustrated Mushroom Grower's Guide
original source: http://www.shroomery.org/8437/The-Illustrated-Mushroom-Growers-Guide
Not for the beginner, this cubensis cultivation method requires you to be fairly experienced with mushroom
cultivation...and to have access to some basic laboratory equipment. It's got helpful illustrations.
Hey folks. Here is a detailed description of the method I use to grow Psilocybe cubensis. I have had very good
success and have worked out most of the bugs so this method is guaranteed to produce lots of our little, happy
friends. Unfortunately for most of you, I have access to laboratory equipment including an autoclave (for
sterilization) and an incubator (for growing at constant temperatures) but I think you can substitute your own
homemade stuff like a pressure cooker.
I start with Psilocybe cubensis mycelium which has been grown on an agar plate. The agar media I use is
Potato dextrose agar (PDA) from Difco. This contains Potato dextrose broth and regular agar at 1.5 g/l. I am
sure Malt extract agar would be just as good or even some home made version of PDA. The agar was
autoclaved at 121°C, 15 psi for 30 min and was then cooled to 50°C. At this temperature, the agar was
aseptically poured into Petri plates and allowed to cool and solidify. These plates can now be stored in a plastic
bag in a cool location for as long as you want. If there was any contamination, it should show up after about
3-4 days at room temperature. If there is none, then the plates are good to use.
The Psilocybe cubensis strain I use was obtained from a local store and I was assured that it was a good one.
Basically, the strain is dikaryotic and can be used directly to inoculate jars. I first aseptically transferred a
small piece of mycelium containing agar to a few plates and grew them at 30°C for 1 week. Two of these plates
were set aside as my stock cultures so that I did not have to go back to the original (and risk contamination)
and were stored at 4°C (in the fridge) with some plastic wrap around them to keep in the moisture. They were
also stored upside down so that any condensed water would collect on the lid and not on the surface of the
agar. The other plate was used to inoculate a bunch of new plates with small pieces of mycelium containing
agar. These new plates were grown at 30°C for one week. After this time, a nice white, kite string-like
mycelium had grown. The kite string-like mycelium was actually only found in sectors on the plate and it was
these areas that were used to inoculate jars of rye substrate.
Rye substrate was prepared using 130 g of rye seed combined with 100 ml's of water in a 500 ml (pint) jar. The
jars I used had plastic screw-top lids which could be left partially unscrewed to allow air to enter. Also, mineral
supplements like CaCO3 could be added to the water but this was not found to be necessary. Once the rye and
water was combined in the jar, the jars were autoclaved at 121°C, 15 psi for 1 hour. These were then allowed
to cool to room temperature with the lids partially unscrewed in a sterile area overnight. The next day, two
small pieces of mycelium containing agar (from a kite string-like sector), approximately 0.5 cm by 0.5 cm in
size, were added to each jar aseptically and the jars were shaken. These jars were then incubated at 30°C in
the dark for 2 weeks with shaking every 3-4 days to evenly distribute the mycelium. It is crucial that the lids of
the jars be very loose at this stage so that air can get in to the growing mycelium.
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After 2 weeks of incubation and occasional shaking, the jars of rye were found to be fully colonized with white
mycelium.
At this time, they have a very distinctive mushroomy smell. I have never had a jar contaminated and this is
likely due to use of aseptic technique (sterile conditions). Five or six jars are dumped into plastic containers
(about 2 ft by 1 ft by 5 inches) that also have clear plastic lids.
Small air holes should be punched into the lids to allow air into the container. No aseptic technique is required
at this time as the rye should be fully colonized. The mycelium containing rye should be leveled off at the top
to give a fairly flat surface.
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Now the rye should be cased with vermiculite. I have tried peat moss and a combination of vermiculite with
peat moss but have found that vermiculite by far works the best. The vermiculite should be fully soaked in
water and then the excess water wrung out. This is applied to the rye to a level of about 1-2 inches and then is
leveled out.
These trays of cased substrate should now be incubated in a humid environment, in the dark at 24-30°C for
about 3-5 days. The trays can be kept moist by gentle misting with water at this time. Too much water is not
good so don't overspray. During this time, I keep my trays in a plastic tent with no extra humidification. The
tent is basically a small wooden shelving unit from IKEA which has been covered with clear plastic. A lot of
water collects on the lids of the tray and this indicates that a very nice humid environment exists inside.
Remember, at this stage nohumidification is required. Don't over water. After 3-5 days, white mycelium should
be poking up through the vermiculite casing.
Once quite a bit of mycelium has poked up, but not too much, the temperature should be lowered to 20-24°C
and the trays should be exposed to regular bursts of sunlight (i.e. open the curtains). At this time, mistings
should be ended and the inside of the tent should be kept very humid using a humidifier. Be careful because
over humidification can be a problem. This should continue for about 2 weeks. Small shrooms begin to appear
in about 1 week and continue to grow over the remaining week.
 
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Keep humidifying as the shrooms grow but not too much. Once the veils of the shrooms have broken, they
should be carefully picked and dried immediately. For drying, I basically just use a heater that has a fan
attached and I blow warm (not hot), dry air over the shrooms for about 2 days. At this time, the little guys are
nice and dry and ready to be bagged and stored.
 
I usually get about 2-3 flushes and afterwards, I put the leftover substrate out in the garden. I found that in the
late summer, many more mushrooms will grow in the garden from the spent substrate and these are very large
with a more dark golden color. These garden grown shrooms are also very potent!
That's about it. Happy growing.