Buscar

test exerc

Faça como milhares de estudantes: teste grátis o Passei Direto

Esse e outros conteúdos desbloqueados

16 milhões de materiais de várias disciplinas

Impressão de materiais

Agora você pode testar o

Passei Direto grátis

Faça como milhares de estudantes: teste grátis o Passei Direto

Esse e outros conteúdos desbloqueados

16 milhões de materiais de várias disciplinas

Impressão de materiais

Agora você pode testar o

Passei Direto grátis

Faça como milhares de estudantes: teste grátis o Passei Direto

Esse e outros conteúdos desbloqueados

16 milhões de materiais de várias disciplinas

Impressão de materiais

Agora você pode testar o

Passei Direto grátis

Você viu 3, do total de 34 páginas

Faça como milhares de estudantes: teste grátis o Passei Direto

Esse e outros conteúdos desbloqueados

16 milhões de materiais de várias disciplinas

Impressão de materiais

Agora você pode testar o

Passei Direto grátis

Faça como milhares de estudantes: teste grátis o Passei Direto

Esse e outros conteúdos desbloqueados

16 milhões de materiais de várias disciplinas

Impressão de materiais

Agora você pode testar o

Passei Direto grátis

Faça como milhares de estudantes: teste grátis o Passei Direto

Esse e outros conteúdos desbloqueados

16 milhões de materiais de várias disciplinas

Impressão de materiais

Agora você pode testar o

Passei Direto grátis

Você viu 6, do total de 34 páginas

Faça como milhares de estudantes: teste grátis o Passei Direto

Esse e outros conteúdos desbloqueados

16 milhões de materiais de várias disciplinas

Impressão de materiais

Agora você pode testar o

Passei Direto grátis

Faça como milhares de estudantes: teste grátis o Passei Direto

Esse e outros conteúdos desbloqueados

16 milhões de materiais de várias disciplinas

Impressão de materiais

Agora você pode testar o

Passei Direto grátis

Faça como milhares de estudantes: teste grátis o Passei Direto

Esse e outros conteúdos desbloqueados

16 milhões de materiais de várias disciplinas

Impressão de materiais

Agora você pode testar o

Passei Direto grátis

Você viu 9, do total de 34 páginas

Faça como milhares de estudantes: teste grátis o Passei Direto

Esse e outros conteúdos desbloqueados

16 milhões de materiais de várias disciplinas

Impressão de materiais

Agora você pode testar o

Passei Direto grátis

Prévia do material em texto

LESSON 1
	
	
	
		1.
		"It concerns the text producer's attitude that the set of occurrences should constitute a cohesive and coherent text instrumental in fulfilling the producer's intentions, e.g. to distribute knowledge or to attain a goal specified in a plan".
The STANDARD of TEXTUALITY that best explains the previous information is:
	
	
	
	intertextuality
	
	
	situationality
	
	
	informativity
	
	
	cohesion
	
	
	intentionality
		2.
		It is one of the most obvious factors of communication, but it is also one of the most important, since it relates to the beliefs and values of a group.
What kind of context does the previous information refer to?
	
	
	
	cultural context
		3.
		According to HALLIDAY &  HASAN (1976), the ties that bind a discourse or a text together are called cohesive ties (links or devices), which include the following elements, EXCEPT:
	
	
	
	metaphors
	
		4.
		In the following short passage, pick out the transitional words and phrases that are used to provide cohesion. "Margaret Fuller often passes in one breath from forcible reasoning to dreamy vagueness; moreover, her unusually varied culture gives her great command of illustration. Mary Wollstonecraft, on the other hand, is nothing if not rational; she has no erudition, and her grave pages are lit up by no ray of fancy."
	
	
	
	moreover, on the other hand
		5.
		This TYPE of CONTEXT "involves the expectation of the speaker and the audience in situations that happen regularly or have happened in the past".
The previous citation refers to:
 
	
	
	
	social context
	
	
	physical context
	
	
	historical context
	
		6.
		"It concerns the ways in which the components of the textual world, i.e. the configuration of concepts and relations which underlie the surface text are mutually accessible and relevant."
Which STANDARD OF TEXTUALITY does the previous citation refer to?
	
	
	
	cohesion
	
	
	acceptability
	
	
	intentionality
	
	
	coherence
	
	
	informativity
	
Explicação:
According to VAN DIJK, 1976,  the textual world (what the text is about) is made up of concepts and relations. COHERENCE concerns the way in which concepts and relations are mutually accessible and relevant. In other words, a coherent text is one which is easy for us to understand because it is easy for us to make a mental representation of it. Remember that it is possible for a text to be cohesive but not coherent.
 
	
	Gabarito
Coment.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		7.
		"It concerns the way in which the components of the surface text, i.e. the actual words we hear or see, are mutually connected within a sequence".
Bearing the idea of TEXTUALITY in mind, the previous citation refers to one important STANDARD. Which one?
 
	
	
	
	cohesion
		8.
		Which of the following is not related to the text context of Van dij VAN DIJK (1977)?
	
	
	
	A text is a sequence of paragraphs that represents an extended unit of speech.
	
	
	A text is a heap of words without a link, which does not depend on a context to be understood.
Lesson 2
	
	
	
		1.
		According to VAN DIJK (1997), "this element  is the person, place, object, or idea under discussion. It is the subject that the author has chosen to discuss, describe, or explain. Discovering this element is the first step in reading for meaning".
Considering the basic elements of a paragraph, what does the previous citation refer to?
	
	
	
	development
	
	
	topic
	
		2.
		Read each paragraph and determine its topic and the stated main idea sentence: Passing fears are common in early childhood. Many 2- to 4-year-olds are afraid of animals, especially dogs. By 6 years, children are more likely to be afraid of the dark. Other common fears are of thunderstorms, doctors, and imaginary creatures.
	
	
	
	TOPIC: courage - MAIN IDEA: Many 2- to 4-year olds are afraid of animals, especially dogs.
	
	
	TOPIC: fear - MAIN IDEA: Many 2- to 4-year olds are afraid of animals, especially dogs.
	
	
	TOPIC: passing fears - MAIN IDEA: Passing fears are common in early childhood.
	
		3.
		What is the topic sentence in the following paragraph?
"Crime is a major concern in the United States. The possibility of becoming a victim of crime, particularly of a violent assault, is the number one fear of millions of Americans. This concern is well founded, as 5.3 million people over the age of 12 annually will be victimized by violent crimes. That nearly 14 million serious crimes are reported yearly to the police indicates only part of the situation. An annual study by the Bureau of Justice Statistics surveys American households to determine the extent of serious crime not being reported to law-enforment authorities. Initiated in 1973, the National Crime Survey measures the number of crimes unreported to the police as opposed to reported crime, which is documented annually by the FBI¿s Uniform Crime Reports Bulletin. The results of the National Crime Survey are disturbing to the entire criminal justice system, indicating that people and households in the United States face 49 million crime attempts a year when unreported and reported crime occurrences are combined."
Source: http://www.academia.edu/17877120/Topics_Main_Ideas_Topic_sentences
	
	
	
	The results of the National Crime Survey are disturbing to the entire criminal justice system.
	
	
	Nearly 14 million serious crimes are reported yearly to the police indicates only part of the situation.
	
	
	People and households in the United States face 49 million crime attempts a year when unreported and reported crime occurrences are combined.
	
	
	An annual study by the Bureau of Justice Statistics surveys American households to determine the extent of serious crime not being reported to law-enforment authorities.
	
	
	The possibility of becoming a victim of crime, particularly of a violent assault, is the number one fear of millions of Americans.
	
Explicação:
The topic sentence is typically the first sentence of a paragraph, and it should clearly state the main idea that you will develop throughout the paragraph.
The possibility of becoming a victim of crime, particularly of a violent assault, is the number one fear of millions of Americans. 
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		4.
		Select the statement that best expresses the main idea. "People often refer to taxes in terms of their being much too high. In reality, they are probably even higher than you think, because in addition to the federal income tax we are now studying, there are many other Federal, State, and local taxes, including sales taxes, inheritance taxes, state income taxes, personal property taxes, real estate taxes, and others. These are just some of the most obvious ones."
	
	
	
	We pay more taxes than we may realize.
	
	
	The federal, state and local taxes.
	
	
	Taxes are much too high.
	
	
	Some taxes are hidden.
	
	
	Inheritance taxes and real estate taxes are unfair.
	
Explicação:
 "People often refer to taxes in terms of their being much too high. In reality, they are probably even higher than you think, because in addition to the federal income tax we are now studying, there are many other Federal, State, and local taxes, including sales taxes, inheritance taxes, state income taxes, personal property taxes, real estate taxes, and others. These are just some of the most obvious ones."
According to BEAUGRANDE, R.& DRESSLER, W. (1981), the main idea of a passage is the core of the material, the particular point the author is trying to convey. The main idea of a passage can be statedin one sentence that condenses specific ideas or details in the passage into a general, all inclusive statement of the author¿s message. Whether you read a single paragraph, a chapter, or an entire book, many experts agree that your most important single task is to understand the main idea of what you read. A main idea is always a complete sentence that states an important point about the topic. That¿s why you can often find the topic in the main idea sentence. Main ideas are  never questions; they¿re always statements.
 
	
	Gabarito
Coment.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		5.
		A paragraph is a group of related sentences that develop a main thought, or idea, about a single topic. The structure of a paragraph is not complex. How many basic elements are there?
	
	
	
	5
	
	
	3
		6.
		Select the choice that best represents the topic of the paragraph. "You've probably heard that older men die before older women virtually everywhere in the world. In the United States, women are expected to live an average of 80.4 years, while men live only 75.2 years. Sociologists attribute many factors to this trend. For example, men have higher testosterone levels than women, which may make men more likely to abuse alcohol and tobacco, drive aggressively, and engage in other life-threatening behaviors. Men also choose riskier types of work and become involved in wartime aggression, which are connected to men¿s decreased life expectancy. Studies also show that women are less likely to experience life-threatening illnesses and health problems than men are."
	
	
	
	men's life expectancy
	
		7.
		To Lunsford and Collins (2003), the bulk of a paragraph is made up of these specific types of sentences, which help to explain or prove the main idea. These sentences present facts, reasons, examples, definitions, comparison, contrasts, and other pertinent details. They are most important because they sell the main idea.
Considering the structure of a paragraph, what does the previous citation refer to?
	
	
	
	supporting details
		8.
		Read the following paragraph and determine its topic and the stated main idea sentence: One of the big programming surprises of the 2002 summer TV series was a show on the Fox Network called American Idol, a talent search that highlighted several aspiring performers. The final episode of the show garnered the biggest audience share among 18- to 49-year olds that the network has ever had. Based on a British series called Pop Idol, American Idol is another in a long list of shows that the United States has imported. In fact, many popular U.S. TV shows originated overseas. These include the quiz shows Who Wants to Be A Millionaire and The Weakest Link, both also from Britain . Other examples include Survivor, imported from Sweden; Big Brother , based on a Dutch series of the same name; and TLC's Trading Spaces, based on the British series, Changing Rooms.
	
	
	
	TOPIC: popular U.S. TV shows. MAIN IDEA: These include the quiz shows Who Wants to Be A Millionaire and The Weakest Link, both also from Britain
AULA 3
		1.
		According to Beale (2007), this technique is used when readers search for key words or ideas. In most cases, readers know what they are looking for, since they are usually concentrating on finding a particular answer.
We can infer the previous information relates to ONE of the following Reading Strategies. Which one?
	
	
	
	Scanning
		2.
		You should:
	
	
	
	not worry about understanding each word when reading a novel in your free time.
	
		3.
		Choose the alternative which DOES NOT define properly the four types of reading skills:
	
	
	
	Skimming - used to understand the "gist" or main idea.
	
	
	Scanning - used to find a general piece of information.
		4.
		"Run your eyes quickly over the text to locate specific words or phrases that are of interest". This statement is related to:
	
	
	
	Prediction
	
	
	Summarizing
	
	
	Metacognition
	
	
	Skimming
	
	
	Scanning
	
		5.
		This Reading Strategy includes the following purposes:
1) obtain a general understanding of a subject;
2) read longer texts for pleasure;
3) improve general knowledge;
Which Reading Strategy do the purposes above refer to?
	
	
	
	intensive reading
	
	
	prediction
	
	
	extensive reading
	
		6.
		A Reading Strategy in which readers use information from a text (including titles, headings, pictures, and diagrams) and their own personal experiences to anticipate what they are about to read (or what comes next).
The information above refers to which of the following strategies?
	
	
	
	Prediction
	
		7.
		People are NOT scanning a text effectively when they ________.
	
	
	
	know what they are looking for
	
	
	look for content words or visual clues
	
	
	read every word in a text
	
		8.
		According to Beale (2007), "this technique is applied by readers when they look over a text quickly to get a general idea of the subject-matter (also called 'gist'). The reader is not interested in all the detail, getting the gist is enough".
The citation above can be related to the following Reading Strategy:
	
	
	
	scanning
	
	
	prediction
	
	
	skimming
Aula 4
		1.
		The following items are typical of Technical texts, EXCEPT:
	
	
	
	Logic and reasoning dominate them
	
	
	They are non-fictional
	
	
	They use figures of speeches
	
		2.
		What is the most important criteria for effective technical writing?
	
	
	
	Style
	
	
	Organization
	
	
	Grammar
	
	
	Design
	
	
	Clarity
		3.
		Regarding the differences between technical writing and literary writing, which alternative is INCORRECT?
	
	
	
	The intended audiences of technical writing are academicians and experts whereas literary writing is for general readers.
	
	
	Technical writing makes use of figures of speeches whereas literary writing is to the point and straight forward.
	
		4.
		Between technical writing and literary writing there are some important differences. According to your study material what are the components that mark the difference between theses writings?
 
	
	
	
	The number of lines, organization, style, design, development.
	
	
	Grammar, organization, style, the number of lines.
	
	
	Grammar, the number of lines, style, design, development.
	
	
	Grammar, organization, style, design, development.
	
		5.
		Which alternative does not represent an example of technical writing?
	
	
	
	instructions
	
	
	reports
	
	
	novels
	
		6.
		Connect the sentences below with transitional words and phrases: To be self-centered does not mean to disregard the worth of other people. We are all self-centered. Most psychologists would probably accept this position.
	
	
	
	To be self-centered does not mean to disregard the worth of other people. In fact, most psychologists would probably accept the position that we are all self-centered.
	
		7.
		In order to achieve conciseness, we should use short words (one and two syllable words). Match the words linking long words to their short version correspondent.
1. Utilization ( ) feature
2. Functionality ( ) previous
3. Aforementioned ( ) mentioned
4. Heretofore ( ) use
	
	
	
	2 ¿ 4 ¿ 3 - 1
		8.
		According to your studies, which of the following is not a proof reading technique?
	
	
	
	    
Read it aloud - sometimes we can hear errors.
	
	
	Let it sit - for a day or a weekend. When the document iscold, we are more  objective about their own writing.
	
	
	Use peer evaluations - others will see the errors we miss.
	
	
	Read it backwards - then you read words out of context. You cannot anticipate the next word.
	
	
	Use the computer¿s spell check ¿ remember, however, that a spell check will catch form if you mean from, to if you mean too, or except if you mean accept.
Aula 5
		1.
		According to Lane (1999), this type of text is a short, compelling news story written by a public relations professional and sent to targeted members of the media. Its goal is to pique the interest of a journalist or publication. This type of text should contain all the essential information (who? what? where? when? how? and most importantly why?).
What type of text does the previous information refer to?
	
	
	
	Press release
		2.
		Also known as a Career Statement, Career Profile, Personal Profile or Biography, a Personal Statement is a professional "about me" paragraph. A statement of purpose is designed to communicate:
	
	
	
	Writing abilities; connections between your past education/experiences and future goals;  your philosophy of the field and why you are pursuing an opportunity in that area; what makes you unique and how you can add to the diversity of the program; how you can be an asset to the organization or the school, now.
		3.
		Which alternative can be used to exchange information in an email?
	
	
	
	I got your mail, thanks.
	
	
	I couldn't open the attachment you sent - please resend it as soon as you can...
	
	
	Thanks for the information about the appraisal meetings. I'll make a note of it.
	
	
	Please note that today's appraisal meetings have been cancelled. They will be rescheduled for the same times next Monday.
		4.
		Read the following information:
It is one of the most commonly-used forms of communication in the international business world;
It is used extensively within companies to circulate information, requets, results, instructions, recommendations, minutes of meetings, etc.;
It is an effective, rapid and relatively cheap means of communicating with customers and suppliers, both nationally and internationally.
Because of its brevity, rapidity and relative informality, it is important to check that all information has been given and that the tone is appropriate.
We can state that the previous items are related to ONE of the following text types. Which one?
	
	
	
	Article
	
	
	E-mail
		5.
		1. Abbreviations ( ) Yours sincerely, Regards,
2. Salutations ( ) Here is some blue sky thinking of you.
3. Contractions ( ) I'm writing to see if you have...
4. Jargon ( ) FYI (for your information)
5. A formal ending ( ) Dear Mr. Webb
	
	
	
	5 ¿ 4 ¿ 3 ¿ 1 ¿ 2
		6.
		It is very important to pay attention at some details when writing a personal statement. Which alternative does NOT present a feature to be followed?
	
	
	
	Make sure that you address any specific questions that are asked.
	
	
	Write a positive and interesting personal statement to hold the attention of the reader.
	
	
	Be eloquent;
		7.
		Upon surfing the Net, you came across the following type of text:
 
	"The U.S. Fund for UNICEF fights for the survival and development of the world's most vulnerable children and protects their basic human rights".
 
The previous text is a good example of a(n):
	
	
	
	mission statement
		8.
		Which of the statements below can be used to describe a press release?
	
	
	
	Can be used to explain or apologise for a compan¿s action.
Aula 6
		1.
		The essence and the structure of a review have been discussed in our classes in order to allow you, student, to internalize what it actually is. Think about everything you have learned and choose the alternative that is incorrect:
	
	
	
	A review is an evaluation of a publication, product, service, or company
	
	
	The most important element of a review is that it is a commentary.
	
	
	The author¿s opinion should never be clearly exposed in a review.
	
	
	A review allows the author to enter into dialogue and discussion with the work creators and with audiences.
	
	
	A review makes an argument.
	
Explicação: In a review, the reader should be able to get to a conclusion in relation to thge author´s opinion. This opinion must not be openly expressed. It should be characterized in the text structure and words.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		2.
		The following options are SYNONYMOUS of CRITICAL WRITING, EXCEPT:
	
	
	
	written evaluation
	
	
	critical review
	
	
	exclusive negative remark
	
	
	critical assessment
	
	
	critique
	
Explicação:
A critical review (sometimes called a critique, critical commentary, critical appraisal, critical analysis) is a detailed commentary on and critical evaluation of a text. You might carry out a critical review as a stand-alone exercise, or as part of your research and preparation for writing a literature review. To be critical does not mean to criticize in an exclusively negative manner. To be critical of a text means you question the information and opinions in the text, in an attempt to evaluate or judge its worth overall.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		3.
		The purpose of descriptive writing is to make our readers see, feel, and hear what we have seen, felt, and heard. The main features of good descriptive writing are:
	
	
	
	Be unclear, precise and accurate; anti-summarize main points; indicate significance of what you are describing; present items in the most appropriate order.
	
	
	Be clear, precise and accurate; anti-summarize main points; indicate significance of what you are describing; present items in the minimum appropriate order.
	
	
	Be clear, precise and accurate; anti-summarize main points; indicate significance of what you are describing.
	
	
	Be clear, precise and accurate; summarize main points; indicate significance of what you are describing; present items in the most appropriate order.
	
	
	Be clear, precise and accurate; summarize main points; present items in the most inappropriate order.
	
Explicação:
The purpose of descriptive writing is to make our readers see, feel, and hear what we have seen, felt, and heard. Whether we're describing a person, a place, or a thing, our aim is to reveal a subject through vivid and carefully selected details.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		4.
		Upon surfing the famous Amazon website, you came across the following type of text:
NOW A BLOCKBUSTER MOTION PICTURE DIRECTED BY CLINT EASTWOOD --NOMINATED FOR SIX ACADEMY AWARDS, INCLUDING BEST PICTURE
From 1999 to 2009, U.S. Navy Seal Chris Kyle recorded the most career sniper kills in United States military history. His fellow American warriors, whom he protected with deadly precision from rooftops and stealth positions during the Iraq War, called him ''The Legend''; meanwhile, the enemy feared him so much they named him al-Shaitan (''the devil'') and placed a bounty on his head. Kyle, who was tragically killed in 2013, writes honestly about the pain of war - including the deaths of two close SEAL teammates - and in moving first-person passages throughout, his wife, Taya, speaks openly about the strains of war on their family, as well as on Chris. Gripping and unforgettable, Kyle's masterful account of his extraordinary battlefield experiences ranks as one of the great war memoirs of all time.
What TYPE of text does the previous one exemplify?
 
	
	
	
	mission statement
	
	
	review
	
	
	article
	
	
	press release
	
	
	e-mail
	
Explicação:
A reviewis an evaluation of a publication, product, service, or company such as a movie (a movie review), video game, musical composition (music review of a composition or recording), book (book review)); a piece of hardware like a car, home appliance, or computer; or an event or performance, such as a live music concert, play, musical theater show, or dance show. In addition to a critical evaluation, the review's author may assign the work a rating to indicate its relative merit.
 
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		5.
		Read the following excerption and answer: Losing Joe's Place by Gordon Korman book review by Mr. Klingensmith It's not often that one finds a novel as wacky and as full of unexpected surprises as Losing Joe's Place, a book by Gordon Korman. It is the story of Jason Cardone and his friends Ferguson "The Peach" Peach and Don "Mr. Wonderful" Champion, and a summer they spend in the big city of Toronto, subletting the totally cool bachelor apartment that belongs to Jason's brother, Joe. Joe's instructions to the three teenagers boil down to one main thing: DON'T GET EVICTED!! The story shows us just how hard it can be to follow this one simple direction. One great thing about the book is the way Korman developed the characters. Each person has a definite personality. The Peach is an engineering genius who needs to improve everything he sees. His "better than you are" attitude tends to get on everyone's nerves. Jason, our hero, seems to be allergic to work, and while his roommates spend the summer slaving away at a variety of jobs, Jason finds ways to avoid job interviews. At the same time, he becomes a genius in the kitchen, which helps him later on in the story. Mr. Plotnick, the boys' landlord and owner of the Olympiad Delicatessen, is one of the greediest and most annoying people you'll ever meet in a book, and the boys spend a lot of their time trying to find ways to get even with him. Perhaps one of the weirdest characters in the book is Rootbeer Racinette, a huge bearded giant who can chew a hole in an unpoppable truck tire and take a two-by-four in the stomach as hard as you'd care to swing it. Rootbeer spends the summer with the boys, taking turns getting the boys into and out of trouble (between bouts of Manchurian Bush Meditation and pursuing some of the strangest hobbies in the world).(¿) The paragraphs above were taken from a bigger text in which the the author let the readers know her judgment about a particular literary work. Choose the alternative that correctly classifies this kind of text :
	
	
	
	Survey
	
	
	Summary
	
	
	Review
	
	
	Essay
	
	
	Exploration
	
Explicação: A review critical article or report, as in a periodical, on a book, play, recital, or the like; critique; evaluation. This is exactly what the author does: a critical evaluation of a novel.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		6.
		Read the excerption below and answer: "The Devil's Company, a treat for lovers of historical fiction, sees the return of Benjamin Weaver in his third exciting romp through the varied and sometimes surreal landscape of 18th-century London. Weaver is an endearing protagonist, a former pugilist and investigator for hire whom we first met in David Liss's A Conspiracy of Paper (1999)." In just a few short lines, reviewer Frank Tallis has told us about the genre, setting, and main character of this novel. He concludes the favorable review by saying, "Historical fiction is mostly smoke and mirrors. Modern writers really don't know what it was like to live in the past¿no matter how much research they do¿so the success of the enterprise depends largely on creating a convincing illusion. Liss rises to this challenge with great skill in this accomplished, atmospheric and thoughtful novel." Frank Tallis, "A Bridge to 18th Century London" review of The Devil's Company, by David Liss, The Washington Post, July 9, 2009 http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/07/08/AR2009070804089.html (accessed November 25, 2009) The paragraphs above were taken from a bigger text in which the the author let the readers know her judgment about a particular literary work. Choose the alternative that correctly classifies this kind of text :
	
	
	
	Summary
	
	
	Essay
	
	
	Review
		7.
		Think about the main features of good descriptive writing. Which alternative should not be considered as a rule when you writing one:
	
	
	
	Present items in the most appropriate order.
	
	
	Be clear, precise and accurate.
	
	
	Be wordy as much as possible
Aula 7
		1.
		The following items should be present in a SCIENTIFIC SUMMARY, EXCEPT:
	
	
	
	introduction
	
	
	key research question
	
	
	strong personal opinion
	
	
	results
	
	
	brief information on experiments
	
Explicação:
A scientific summary is not about the writer's opinion, but about the results of the research.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		2.
		When summarizing a piece of literature it is best to start with:
	
	
	
	a paragraph on the scenary ¿ where and when in space and time the piece takes place;
	
	
	the main characters ¿ the protagonist first;
	
	
	a narrow statement about the importance of the philosophical point of view to the structure of the text.
	
	
	the details of the highlights of the plot ¿ where impediments stop the protagonist as he/she struggles with the conflict;
	
	
	the conflict is, what moves the plot forward;
	
Explicação: It is interesting to begin summarizing a piece of literature by exposing the conflict because it is the main point of interest in a shorter text. It gives the authir the chance to move towards the characters and all the other elements that compose a literary piece.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		3.
		 What TYPE of text does the following exemplify?
 
"National Security Justifies Censorship" 
by Roger S. Thomas
Introduction
        The article "National Security Justifies Censorship" by Elmo R. Zumwalt and James G. Zumwalt, appears in Censorship, a book in the Opposing Viewpoints Series.  The article asserts that information that is secret and vital to the security of the nation should not be released to the press.  The arguments made by Zumwalt Senior and Junior are summarized below.
Brief analysis
        Although many journalists contend that the First Amendment guarantees unrestricted printing freedom, the authors believe the press has gained more power than the framers of the Constitution foresaw and therefore neglected to install safe guards that would protect national security.   According to the authors, the power of the media has gone far past what the constitutional framers expected; consequently, several acts since the writing of the Constitution have been implemented to deal with the lack of protection regarding national security.  The authors continue to affirm that even though significant risk exists when confidential information is released to the press, this danger has remained unresolved by the courts.
          The authors cite an example to prove this point. The CIA during the Reagan administration recognized Muhamar Quadaffi as a known terrorist and a potential threat to national security in a classified document.  The Washington Post somehow had the document disclosed to them, and they soon published the information.  Several months after the operation had been abandoned, the CIA found Quadaffi responsible for the bombing of a West Berlin discotheque. Military action had to be taken because of the earlier release of the classified document.  The operation incurred military casualties.
        The authors then offer a two-part solution: (1) make the publication of classified information a punishable offense, and (2) incorporate a "code of ethics" into media guidelinesthat safeguards national security.  The paper ends by discussing how ethics are the responsibility of good journalism.
Conclusion
            Elmo R. Zumwalt and James G. Zumwalt assert that the media are overpowered and the national security is underprotected.  They believe that the government and the media must take steps to assure a disaster does not occur.
	
	
	
	mission statement
	
	
	review
	
	
	e-mail
	
	
	summary
	
	
	press release
	
Explicação:
A summary is condensed version of a larger reading.  A summary is not a rewrite of the original piece and does not have to be long nor should it be long.  To write a summary, use your own words to express briefly  the main idea and relevant details of the piece you have read.   Your purpose in writing the summary is to give the basic ideas of the original reading. 
	
	Gabarito
Coment.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		4.
		What TYPE of text does the following exemplify?
Charlie and the Chocolate Factory
Are you a chocoholic? Have you ever dreamed about a place where you could enjoy tons and tons of chocolate and the latest candies invented? If you are, Wonka's chocolate factory, from the following book I'm introducing, is exactly what you are looking for.
Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, one of my favourite novels, is an interesting children's fantasy written by Roald Dahl in 1964. It is about the special adventure of an ordinary boy, Charlie Bucket, inside Willy Wonka's large chocolate factory. The book has also won the Blue Peter Book Award in 2000 and is known as a children's classic.
As the story opens, the factory has been shut for almost fifteen years, so it is very mysterious to the public. One day, Mr. Willy Wonka, the owner, decides to allow five children to visit the factory in order to choose one of them to take over his business some day. To win the chance, children needed to find one of the five "golden tickets" hidden in random Wonka bars. People then start to shop for Wonka bars, crazily searching for "golden tickets". Augustus, Veruca, Violet and Mike, four kids from wealthy families, find the tickets easily with great help from the parents' "power", and Charlie, who was born in an extremely poor family, also got a chance, perhaps because of his destiny, perhaps because of luck.
During the guided tour, the kids got into trouble: Augustus falls into a big chocolate lake and was sucked into a pipe. In the end, becomes very thin and is still covered in chocolate; Violet tries some of Wonka's experimental gum without Wonka's permission, turning her into a large blueberry. Although the juice is drained later, her face will forever remain purple. At last, all the kids, except Charlie, fail to win the ownership of the factory because of their gluttony, self-righteousness, greed or addiction to television.
Charlie, being the only one who wasn¿t tempted by any enticement, is chosen, and gets the ultimate prize - to one day take over Willy Wonka's huge grand chocolate factory. As for the other four, they still get a lifetime supply of chocolate and sweets from Wonka, though they all paid a price.
You may think that it is just another typical children book (and wondering why I love it so much). But if you do think so, you're totally wrong.
Although, in real life, things may not be as straightforward as stories, the story is still inspiring and worth thinking over. Sometimes when we make wrong choices in our lives, bad consequence may not be seen immediately, but that doesn't mean that it will our actions will not come back to haunt us. Life is so unexpected and we never know what will happen next. Look at Charlie, do you think he ever imagined that he could could get the chance of visiting the world's biggest chocolate factory, not to mention even winning the ownership of it? No! However, he didn't get all of these because of luck, but because of his good behaviour. What he gets in the end is what he deserves.
Dahl's story is very well-written. It's simple, but deep in meaning. The messages are very clear. Even small kids can get what Dahl wants to tell. To me, the book is not only something to read as a story, but something to learn as a lesson.
Above all, I sincerely recommend all of you to take time and read this wonderful inspiring novel, and I'm sure that you won't regret it if you do so!
	
	
	
	critical assessment
	
	
	mission statement
	
	
	press release
	
	
	magazine article
	
	
	book summary
	
Explicação:
A book summary consists of the most important elements of a work. It retells (in condensed wording) a book¿s beginning, rising action, climax, falling action, and ending. Good book summaries also capture essential elements about the central characters and the setting or settings in which the action unfolds.
When summarizing a piece of literature it is best to start with (1) a paragraph on the mise-en-scene ¿ where and when in space and time the piece takes place. (2) Then address the main characters ¿ the protagonist first. (3) Then state what the conflict is, what moves the plot forward. (4) Give some but not too many details of the highlights of the plot ¿ where impediments stop the protagonist as he/she struggles with the conflict. If the summary is long enough, (5) finish with a short paragraph on the ¿meaning¿ or ¿lesson¿ built into the action. (6) In many cases, you can finish with a broad statement about the importance of the philosophical point of view this piece represents.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		5.
		Which one of alternatives below you should not take into consideration when writing a summary:
	
	
	
	Make sure your opinion on the issue or topic discussed is clearly presented.
	
	
	Do not rewrite the original piece;
	
	
	Keep your summary short;
	
	
	Refer to the central and main ideas of the original piece.
	
	
	Use your own wording;
	
Explicação: When writing a summary the author should focus on the text and its elements. A summary does not require the author's opinion to be exposed.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		6.
		The TEXT below is a good example of a specific type of text. Which one?
An analytical approach to light scattering from small cubic and rectangular cuboidal nanoantennas?
OVERVIEW:
Introduction and background. Antenna technology, which was developed for radio and micro-wave frequencies, manipulates the electromagnetic field on a sub-wavelength scale, providing a means to interface propagating and localized fields. Recently, advances in nano-optics and plasmonics have enabled the creation of nanoscale antennas that work at optical frequencies, with the aim to create analogous devices to those that work at larger wavelengths. At optical frequencies metals behave as an electron plasma and conventional antenna designs need modifications when transferred to this regime. This gives rise to coherent oscillations of the free-electron gas, i.e. to a plasmon resonance.
Main results. In this text, we provide general analytical formulae for the calculation of the scattering properties of a rectangular cuboid inside a medium, in the assumption that the field inside the cuboid is constant, corrected for the charges at the vertices. In contrast to antenna theory and to the effective wavelength picture, the position and width of the dipolar resonance of a rectangular cuboidal plasmonic nanoantenna scales non- linearly with its length, width and height. Moreover we show that the quality factor calculated for different sizes varies significantly with size, in contrast to the quasi-static approximation which predicts invariance.
Wider implications. These expressions enable both physical insight and the quick exploration of a wide range of parameters to tailor the plasmon resonance response or scattering by nanoparticles, for either metals or dielectrics, for numerouspromising applications in optical sensor, photovoltaic and light emitting device design.
	
	
	
	mission statement
	
	
	book summary
	
	
	essay
	
	
	magazine article
	
	
	scientific summary
Aula 8
		1.
		Where would you usually find the topic sentence in a paragraph?
 
	
	
	
	The topic sentence is found in the middle of the paragraph after the details. 
 
	
	
	At the end of the introduction paragraph.
 
	
	
	It's the last sentence of the paragraph.
 
	
	
	Topic sentences cannot be found in regular texts.
	
	
	Most of the time it is the first sentence of the paragraph. 
 
	
Explicação:
A Topic Sentence is a sentence that expresses the essential idea of a paragraph or larger section, usually appearing at the beginning.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		2.
		Choose the sentence that best fills the blank in the paragraph.
It is important to dress right for an interview because that critical first impression is all you will be able to give. ___________. While image is not everything, it is important.
 
	
	
	
	Most interviews last less than 20 minutes
 
	
	
	Look for and buy clothes that are durable and dependable
 
	
	
	One key is to wear clothes to the interview that reflect the job you want  
 
	
	
	Be careful not to use slang expressions
 
	
	
	You should not dress properly, since your image actually does not matter.
	
Explicação:
Although it is not possible to define or qualify a person for their attire, it is important that anyone applying for a job seeks to dress appropriately, according to position and responsibility they intend to occupy.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		3.
		The following TEXT is a good example of a(n):
THE BONDWOMAN'S NARRATIVE
In her novel The Bondwoman's Narrative, Hannah Crafts beautifully describes the experiences and eventual flight to freedom of a slave woman. Though written in the 1850s, this novel was not published until 2002, probably because it was a novel rather than a nonfiction account. Nonfiction slave narratives were in great demand by the Abolitionists prior to the Civil War, but they feared fictionalized accounts because Southerners would simply call them lies. But fiction has weapons - weapons often lacking in nonfiction - to promulgate truth even more forcefully. One of these weapons is symbolism. Hannah Crafts uses events, objects, and people symbolically in her story to drive home the evils of slavery.
In certainly the funniest moment of the story, one of Crafts' mistresses - a vain, manipulative woman named Mrs. Wheeler - applies some face powder to make herself look younger, then immediately sniffs some smelling salts. This combination causes her face to turn black, and she suffers a severe public humiliation. The likelihood of such a chemical reaction is nearly nil, but that is unimportant. Equally affecting in a different way is Crafts¿ use of the linden tree, which symbolically dominates the plantation (appropriately named Lindendale) where Crafts grew up. Long ago, under an earlier master (an ancestor to Crafts' current master), many slaves had been tied to its trunk and whipped.
But the most far-reaching of Crafts' symbolic devices is the character of Mr. Trappe. The name is an immediate clue that this character means more than he first seems, and indeed, Mr. Trappe's appearances in the book herald calamity for the heroine. When Crafts first meets Trappe, he is the attorney and guardian for her kind new mistress (whom the master of Lindendale Plantation has married), and he knows an unfortunate secret: the mistress is actually the daughter of a slave. His use of this information will eventually kill the mistress and her husband. At this stage, Trappe does have an important role in the plot, as he is the motivation for Crafts to flee her first home. But after this, Trappe pops up in unlikely places, always right before or right after Crafts has been sold to another household. In his last appearance, Crafts sees him in Washington D.C., but only for a moment on the street, right after her purchase by the Wheelers. By now, he has absolutely no plot function. If this is not clear enough to indicate his symbolic role, immediately after attaining her freedom Crafts learns that Trappe has been murdered. Trappe is the trap of slavery.
Unquestionably, The Bondwoman's Narrative could not have stood up to antebellum Southern nitpicking for absolute fact. It could, and does, stand up to scrutiny for emotional honesty and truthfully describing slavery and its effects. The cold-hearted Mr. Trappe - dressed∈seedyblack,'withdressed∈seedyblack,′withlarge white fingers,' a keenblackeye,'andkeenblackeye,′andsharp angular features' (Crafts, 37 and 63) - creates a visceral reaction in the reader with an efficiency which an essay on slavery would be hard-pressed to equal. The same is true of the creaking, moaning linden tree, a voice for all those who suffered at it, and Mrs. Wheeler's accident with its visual irony. Crafts uses symbolism beautifully to encapsulate broad, abstract ideas in concrete images the reader can easily picture. In doing so, she brings us closer to the world of one slave woman, and could have opened the eyes of many people to slavery, if only she had been read so long ago.
	
	
	
	scientific summary
	
	
	mission statement
	
	
	press release
	
	
	magazine article
	
	
	book report
	
Explicação:
One of the main objectives of a book report is to broaden the understanding of the world and society. That is what good books do! A book report is a form of literary criticism in which a book is analyzed based on content, style, and merit. It is often carried out in periodicals, as school work, or online. Its length may vary from a single paragraph to a substantial essay. Such a report often contains evaluations of the book on the basis of personal taste.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		4.
		Choose the answer that best develops the topic sentence.
Being computer literate has become important in today's job market.
	
	
	
	Actully computers are not required in all job positions today.
	
	
	Only the wealthy can afford to have computers, so they are the only ones who can learn how to use them.  So, the rich stay rich, and the poor get poorer.
 
	
	
	Computers are so complicated that they are hard to learn how to use.  So you really have to be brilliant to use them.
	
	
	People without computer proficiency will end up with lower paying employment because computers have become the backbone of today's economy.
 
	
	
	Now that everyone has an opportunity to go to school and get a high school diploma, society has come up with a new way to distinguish the social ranks. 
 
	
Explicação:
Being computer literate has become important in today's job market. People without computer proficiency will end up with lower paying employment because computers have become the backbone of today's economy.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		5.
		READ the text below:
TOPIC: THIS HOUSE WOULD BAN 'HOMEWORK':
Homework is a task (often called an assignment) set by teachers for students to do outside normal lessons - usually at home in the evening. Schools have been setting homework in developed countries for over a century, but until the past few decades usually only older students had to do it. More recently younger students have also been given homework by their primary or elementary schools. In England the government does not make schools give homework but it does set guidelines. Five year olds are expected to do an hour a week, increasing to three hours a week at 11 and ten hours or more a week at 16. American studies report the amount of homework being set for younger students doubling over the past twenty-fiveyears or so, although some doubt these findings.
Speaker 01 - Group A: Homework has little educational worth and adds nothing to the time spent in school. Some schools and some countries don't bother with homework at all, and their results do not seem to suffer from it. Studies show that homework adds nothing to standardised test scores for primary/ elementary pupils.
Speaker 02 - Group B: I strognly disagree with you. In our point of view, ...
	
	
	
	mission statement
	
	
	magazine article
	
	
	summary
	
	
	debate
	
	
	report
	
Explicação:
debate
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		6.
		The following TEXT is a good example of a(n):
 
 
Bioartificial Rat Arm Grown in Lab Could Be Precursor to Transplantable Limbs
BY JESSICA FIRGER 6/5/15 AT 1:13 PM
It looks like something out of a creepy sci-fi film but it may be the future of the prosthetics industry. Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital were able to grow a bioartificial rat¿s limb. The technique could help scientists grow limbs that are suitable for human transplantation. The prosthesis contains all the tissue typically found in a rodent¿s leg, including bone, cartilage, blood vessels, tendons, ligaments and nerves.
To grow the limb, the scientists applied a bioengineering technique known as decellularization that has already been used to create tissue of various organs such as kidneys, livers, hearts and lungs. Researchers stripped living cells from donor tissue with detergent solution and then repopulated the remaining tissue with the same type of cells. They spent a week removing the leftover cellular debris and harvested muscle and vascular cells in separate petri dishes. Next, they cultured the forearm in a bioreactor, injected vascular and muscle cells into the limb and left it to grow for five days. Electric stimulation helped encourage more muscle growth.
Two weeks later, researchers removed the bioprosthetic from the machine and tested it. Direct electric stimulation caused contractions in the muscle fibers. Once the limb was transplanted to the recipient animal its vascular system filled with blood. With the aid of electric stimulation the muscles still moved.
There are currently more than 1.5 million people in U.S. missing limbs and who could benefit from this research, should the process work for humans. Though robotic prostheses made from plastics, metal and other industrial materials have vastly improved in recent years, they still have their limitations. A majority of mechanical prostheses are clunky and still have a restricted range of motion.
This is the first time the technique has been used to grow a body part composed of many kinds of tissue. The researchers, who published their paper online this week in the journal Biomaterials, also say they were able to complete the first step of the decellularization process on baboon arms but haven¿t yet finished the project. However, this achievement indicates the technique may eventually work for human limbs.
	
	
	
	mission statement
	
	
	article
	
	
	press release
	
	
	scientific summary
	
	
	book summary
	
Explicação:
An article
is a piece of writing usually intended for publication in a newspaper, magazine or journal
is written for a wide audience, so it is essential to attract and retain the readers¿ attention
may include amusing stories, reported speech and descriptions
can be formal or informal, depending on the target audience
should be written in an interesting or entertaining manner
should give opinions and thoughts, as well as facts
is in a less formal style than a report
	
	Gabarito
Coment.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		7.
		The following elements MUST be present in a BOOK REPORT, EXCEPT:
	
	
	
	analysis and evaluation
	
	
	conclusion
	
	
	body
	
	
	introduction
	
	
	scientifc and empirical information
		8.
		Read the following information:
an eye-catching title which attracts the readers' attention and suggests its theme;
an introduction which clearly defines the topic to be covered and keeps the reader's attention;
the main body of two to five paragraphs in which the topic is further developed in detail;
the conclusion - summarizing the topic or a final opinion, recommendation or comment.
The previous items refer to a specific TYPE of text. Which one?
	
	
	
	scientific summary
	
	
	book summary
	
	
	article
Aula 9
		1.
		Choose the alternative that correctly completes the following question: In a debate, matter is____________.
	
	
	
	Matter is what you say ¿ the arguments you make and the evidence you show to support them. It doesn¿t matter how well you speak, if it isn¿t solid it will stand up to counter arguments. Make sure you¿ve thought about all the arguments against you ¿ if you don¿t, your opponents will!
	
	
	Matter is what you do not say ¿ the arguments you don¿t make and the evidence you show to support them. It doesn¿t matter how well you speak, if it isn¿t solid it won¿t stand up to counter arguments. Make sure you¿ve thought about all the arguments against you ¿ if you don¿t, your opponents will!
	
	
	Matter is what you say ¿ the arguments you make and the evidence you show to contradict them. It doesn¿t matter how well you speak, if it isn¿t solid it won¿t stand up to counter arguments. Make sure you¿ve thought about all the arguments against you ¿ if you don¿t, your opponents will!
	
	
	Matter is what you say ¿ the arguments you make and the evidence you show to support them. It doesn¿t matter how well you speak, if it is solid it won¿t stand up to counter arguments. Make sure you¿ve thought about all the arguments against you ¿ if you don¿t, your opponents will!
	
	
	Matter is what you say ¿ the arguments you make and the evidence you show to support them. It doesn¿t matter how well you speak, if it isn¿t solid it won¿t stand up to counter arguments. Make sure you¿ve thought about all the arguments against you ¿ if you don¿t, your opponents will!
	
Explicação: Matters are arguments that must be solid, otherwise the speaker will certainly fail in face on his oponents.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		2.
		The following items are said to be ESSENTIAL in order to be successful at a DEBATE, EXCEPT:
	
	
	
	anticipation
	
	
	prediction
	
	
	reading texts out loud
	
	
	memorisation
	
	
	rhetoric
	
Explicação:
The person needs to eb prepared and not read a text, but show the main points and develop them orally.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		3.
		Choose the alternative that correctly shows some of the basic debating skills
	
	
	
	Style - Speed - Clarity - Use of notes and eye contact
	
	
	Style - Speed - Ambiguity - Use of notes and eye contact
	
	
	Copy - Speed - Ambiguity - Use of notes and eye contact
	
	
	Copy - Speed ¿ Clarity - Use of notes and eye contact
	
	
	Style - Speed - Clarity - Use of illogical arguments
	
Explicação: Style - Speed - Clarity - Use of notes and eye contact
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		4.
		Choose the alternative that correctly answers the following question: What is Debating?
	
	
	
	A debate is not structured argument. Two sides speak alternately for and against a particular contention usually based on a topical issue. Each person is allocated a time they are allowed to speak for and any interjections are carefully controlled. The subject of the dispute is often prearranged so you may find yourself having to support opinions with which you do not normally agree. You may also have to argue as part of a team, being careful not to contradict what others on your side have said.
	
	
	A debate is a structured argument.Two sides speak alternately for and against a particular contention usually based on a topical issue. Each person is allocated a time they are allowed to speak for and any interjections are carefully controlled. The subject of the dispute is often prearranged so you may find yourself having to support opinions with which you do not normally agree. You may also have to argue as part of a team, being careful not to contradict what others on your side have said.
	
	
	A debate is a structured argument. Two sides speak at the same time against a particular contention usually based on a topical issue. Each person is allocated a time they are allowed to speak for and any interjections are carefully controlled. The subject of the dispute is often prearranged so you may find yourself having to support opinions with which you do not normally agree. You may also have to argue as part of a team, being careful not to contradict what others on your side have said.
	
	
	A debate is a structured argument. Two sides speak alternately for and against a particular contention usually based on a topical issue. Each person is allocated a time they are allowed to speak for and any interjections are carefully controlled. The subject of the dispute is often prearranged so you may find yourself having to support opinions with which you do not normally agree. You may also have to argue as part of a team and you should contradict the others on your side have said.
	
	
	A debate is a structured argument. Two sides speak alternately for and against a particular contention usually based on a topical issue. Each person is allocated a time they are allowed to speak for and any interjections are carefully controlled. The subject of the dispute is often prearranged so you may find yourself having to support opinions with which you do not normally agree. You can never argue as part of a team, being careful not to contradict what others on your side have said.
	
Explicação: The student should be able to recognize what a debate is: an organized argumentative activity in which different individuals defend their point of views based on logics.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		5.
		When it comes to a debate, we should careful in relation to preparation because:
	
	
	
	This is one of the keys to effective debating and it is only once you have done the research that you won't be able to decide on the best arguments to use in support of your case and to select the key facts and figures that you will refer to.
	
	
	This is a secondary aspect in debating and it is only once you have done the research that you will be able to decide on the best arguments to use in support of your case and to select the key facts and figures that you will refer to.
	
	
	This is one of the less important aspects to effective debating and it is not only once you have done the research that you will be able to decide on the best arguments to use in support of your case and to select the key facts and figures that you will refer to.
	
	
	This is one of the keys to effective debating and it is only once you have done the research that you will be able to decide on the best arguments to use in support of your case and to select the key facts and figures that you will refer to.
		6.
		READ the text below:
 
TOPIC: THIS HOUSE WOULD BAN 'HOMEWORK':
Homework is a task (often called an assignment) set by teachers for students to do outside normal lessons - usually at home in the evening. Schools have been setting homework in developed countries for over a century, but until the past few decades usually only older students had to do it. More recently younger students have also been given homework by their primary or elementary schools. In England the government does not make schools give homework but it does set guidelines. Five year olds are expected to do an hour a week, increasing to three hours a week at 11 and ten hours or more a week at 16. American studies report the amount of homework being set for younger students doubling over the past twenty-five years or so, although some doubt these findings.
Speaker 01 - Group A: Homework has little educational worth and adds nothing to the time spent in school. Some schools and some countries don't bother with homework at all, and their results do not seem to suffer from it. Studies show that homework adds nothing to standardised test scores for primary/ elementary pupils.
Speaker 02 - Group B: I strognly disagree with you. In our point of view, ...
 
► We can say that the text above is an example of a(n):
	
	
	
	debate
Lesson 10
	
	
	
		1.
		Which of the alternatives below refer to SEMINARS?
 
	
	
	
	Its is usually smaller, 25 people or less. Seminars are often over 100 people.
 
	
	
	It usually have a workbook handout of 50-100 pages.
	
	
	It includes far more interactive exercises.
 
	
	
	It is usually longer, often 1 to 2 days.
 
	
	
	It is frequently more lecture driven with less participant interaction other than answering questions.
 
	
Explicação:
Seminars are frequently more lecture driven with less participant interaction other than answering questions.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		2.
		SEMINARS can create the following opportunities, EXCEPT:
	
	
	
	learn from other people's experiences and background knowledge;
	
	
	explore topics in more depth;
	
	
	gain perspectives and points of view that you might not have otherwise considered;
	
	
	create misunderstandings.
	
	
	share ideas in a way that will advance students' thinking
	
Explicação:
Seminars create opportunities to:
explore topics in more depth;
share ideas in a way that will advance your thinking;
learn from other people's experiences and background knowledge;
gain perspectives and points of view that you might not have otherwise considered;
identify and sort out any misunderstandings.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		3.
		Thinking about the differences between SEMINARS and LECTURES, read the statements below and choose the alternative that CORRECTLY specifies it it has to do with SEMINARS (S) or LECTURES (L).
- It is a monologue that is delivered by a single person, usually a professor. 
- The students who are the presenters and the professor has only a limited role. 
- The professor dictates and the students take notes.
- The professor does not have as much of a role as he just oversees or guides the class.
- The subjects are widely discussed. 
 
	
	
	
	L-S-L-S-S
 
	
	
	L-S-L-S-L
 
	
	
	L-S-S-S-S
 
	
	
	S-L-L-S-S
	
	
	L-L-L-S-S
 
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		4.
		READ the text below:
1) A speech read or delivered before an audience or class, especially for instruction or to set forth some subject;
2) Generally delivered to much larger groups of students - whole subject year groups, sometimes, perhaps 150 students;
3) Wwhen a professor or teacher stands in front of a large class and just gives the information that is required by the students.
 
What do the PREVIOUS items refer to?
 
	
	
	
	seminars
	
	
	reviews
	
	
	debates
	
	
	press releases
	
	
	lectures
	
Explicação:
A lecture is a speech read or delivered before an audience or class, especially for instruction or to set forth some subject.¿ For example: a lecture on Picasso's paintings. Lectures are generally delivered to much larger groups of students - whole subject year groups, sometimes, perhaps 150 students. If a lecture is, say, on Dickens, it might contain bits of his life history, dates, contemporary reception of his work by critics and readers, an overview of his career, themes on which he concentrated, critics who¿ve written on him, and how he¿s nowreceived. A lecture is when a professor or teacher stands in front of a large class and just gives the information that is required by the students.
	
	Gabarito
Coment.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		5.
		A seminar is, generally, a form of academic instruction, either at an academic institution or offered by a commercial or professional organization. Check the option that does not relate to this concept.
	
	
	
	learn from other people's experiences and background knowledge.
               
	
	
	explore topics in more depth.
	
	
	is for a wide audience, so it is essential to attract and retain the readers¿ attention.
 
 
	
	
	gain perspectives and points of view that you might not have otherwise considered.
	
	
	share ideas in a way that will advance your thinking.
	
Explicação:
It is not for a reader attention.
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		6.
		Read the alternative below and choose the one that correctly defines SEMINAR.
	
	
	
	It is a form of academic instruction, either at an academic institution or offered by a commercial or professional organization. It has the function of bringing together small groups for recurring meetings, focusing each time on some particular subject, in which everyone present is requested to participate. 
 
	
	
	In experts level it is the presentation of research information, usually peer-reviewed work in the form of a paper poster that conference participants may view. It is an event at which many such posters are presented. They  are particularly prominent at scientific conferences such as medical congresses.
	
	
	It is a conference for researchers (not necessarily academics) to present and discuss their work. Together with academic or scientific journals, it provides  an important channel for exchange of information between researchers.
	
	
	All of its members are expected to attend plenary sessions. It is a session of a conference which all members of all parties are to attend. Such a session may include a broad range of content, from keynotes to panel discussions, and is not necessarily related to a specific style of presentation or deliberative process.
	
	
	The term has been used in the teaching profession to describe when information is summarized. This often encourages class participation.
 
	
Explicação:
A seminar is a form of academic instruction, either at an academic institution or offered by a commercial or professional organization.[citation needed] It has the function of bringing together small groups for recurring meetings, focusing each time on some particular subject, in which everyone present is requested to participate. 
	
	
	
	 
		
	
		7.
		READ the following text.
Robert Langdon: Thank you (to the audience). Thank you (pours a glass of water). Symbols are a language that can help us understand our past. As the saying goes, a picture says a thousand words, but... which words. Interpret for me please, this symbol, first thing that comes to mind, anybody.
Audience members: Hatred... racism... Ku Klux Klan.
Robert Langdon: Yes, yes, interesting, but...they would disagree with you in Spain. There, they are robes worn by priests'. Now, this symbol...anyone?
Audience members: Evil. 'La fourche du Diable'.
Robert Langdon: In English please.
Audience member: Devil's pitchfork.
Robert Langdon: Poor, poor Posiden, that is his trident. A symbol of power to millions of the ancients. Now this symbol...
Audience members: Madonna and child. Faith. Christianity.
Robert Langdon: No, no, it's the pagan god Horus and his mother Isis centuries before the birth of Christ. Understanding our past determines actively our ability to understand the present... so, how do we sift truth from belief? How do we write our own history, personally or culturally, and thereby define ourselves. How do we penetrate years, centuries, of historical distortion, to find original truth. Tonight... this will be our quest.
The previous text is part of a scene of the film The Da Vinci Code, based on a novel by Dan Brown. The following image contextualizes the scene the text is about:
 
QUESTION: What does the passage above exemplify?
	
	
	
	a lecture
		Upon reading the New York Times on a typical Sunday morning, you came across the following text:
New York Times International Luxury Conference Adds More Star Speakers
''Luxury Beyond Product'' welcomes Maureen Chiquet, Grayson Perry and Ariel Emanuel as keynote speakers
LONDON, JUNE 1st, 2015 - The 15th New York Times International Luxury Conference which takes place at theTrianon Palace Versailles on November 17-18th, will bring together some of the most inspiring figures in luxury and fashion to discuss how brands forge deep bonds with consumers in today's luxury industry.
Maureen Chiquet, Global C.E.O. of Chanel, Ariel Emanuel, Co-C.E.O. of WME | IMG and artist Grayson Perry are the latest additions to a stellar speaker line-up that already includes some of the major forces in the fashion and luxury industries, including Victoria Beckham, John Demsey (Group President, The Estée Lauder Companies Inc.), Michael Kowalski, Chairman (Tiffany & Co.) and Adrian Joffe, (C.E.O., Comme des Garçons International).
Vanessa Friedman, Fashion Director, The New York Times, said, ''It's often from unexpected directions that the best new ideas come, and I am incredibly excited about the potential for strategic inspiration represented by our new speakers. All innovators and rule-breakers in their respective fields, be it luxury, entertainment and sports, or art, they will meet for the first time under the big tent of The New York Times in Versailles. That kind of cross-border conversation is really what paves the path of the future."
The text above is a good example of a(n):
	
	
	
	
	article
	
	
	review
	
	
	press release
	
	
	mission statement
	
	
	e-mail
	According to Beale (2007), "this technique is applied by readers when they look over a text quickly to get a general idea of the subject-matter (also called 'gist'). The reader is not interested in all the detail, getting the gist is enough".
The citation above can be related to the following Reading Strategy:
	 
	skimming
	
	prediction
	
	
	This Reading Strategy includes the following purposes:
1) read shorter texts in order to extract specific information;
2) include very close accurate reading for detail;
3) grasp the details of a specific situation;
4) understand each word, number or fact.
The previous purposes refer to ONE of the following Reading Strategies. Which one?
	 
	intensive reading
	
	scanning
	
	prediction
	The following items are typical of Literary texts, EXCEPT:
		
	
	Its main purposes are to entertain and to arouse emotions
	
	Mostly fictional
	
	Aimed at readers in general
	 
	The intended audiences are academicians and experts
		Dear Editor
 
I am writing with regards to the article ''Is the TV Dead?'' that appeared in your newspaper on the 4th March. The author claimed that with the rise of the Internet, the TV was becoming less and less significant in our lives.
I find it very difficult to agree with this view. The TV is still the main way most of us get our entertainment at home. It offers us the chance to see top musical artists, great films and documentaries and occasionally, thanks to important televised events, it has the power to bring the whole nation and all ages together in a way the Internet never could.
[...]
 Yours sincerely
Samantha Johnson
 Why is the person writing this letter to the newspaper?
	
	
	
	
	to encourage people to watch more TV
	
	
	to offer a different point of view
	
	
	to make a complaint
	
	
	to persuade people to not use theInternet
	
	
	to buy products

Outros materiais