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'0{l qa( l)', 
'oll 
96H(,'.l)' =E EH= /.l€oH^l =J?J= 4t€6fEE
-sFLltl-.
esm
O : 9"Fz 5,Fe 
-uF 'Jq R= "J. A0l H5oltl / HE 
-d eq 9"Fr €tFe R= g=tf
o : r4,3s 7l+oll qef tf==l I 4a= 7l+ollel6H =8Erf
ffi@ :FilaJ
B^l rl^l?] +Ll HaJ= d:s ^4A| ??J €a 7H+g
E^l
eE^l 3ofgtrl 
EJ€6|.tr1- qEelq iElgtf (^l+)= rt|tl- sfaloftl-
gEEfl ,J?'JolE trf=^lnf == lrl Fol LJzl1olcl
I B roPlK /'^71
A€ql4 qq+! CE^J9 9l+ +€4zl 2H 26aJ e-+ z,tlgl fl+q+.
CESE3 qlnd€}ql +s"+ ( O ), dullE4s "Jg + 9l= zl4
"l.Jzl 4 +^l"I +^lzl utB-q+. +61 el+e dEdEe +l€qql^J zll*
g= AE=F6}] F*eE+ggg+ 9lg 4Eqq. d"JSe ( O )
:.'J s^lH Eq+. rrJI zHslrJE+ 4^l ZO,OOOSaI qHl- =Hl"ll +
d^lg. 6
I
i n O :
/ n .
\:7 .
ffi
0l =3 tj"J8 eJgEloll rH6H =:^ldfr ?t= =gLlrl.
g+ olF{ deg sJgel dH|j ^.ilEEltrf €e. elHl
s,Et4 EEt
e rhE EEioil 
'EJgEloil^l ̂.ilEEl= €H= =6t| g3 _=.t€ g= + ?t
+'af= trjol llong 
'€HE grf', '€H= rllg gtrf'af= g.Eaf '_
(9)= gtrJ ofLlaf', '-(e)= #clal'ef= EH= /{.E:6H,\-l -JQJE 4t€
6l-E €+Lltrf.
o Fl E8oll,\l 
'r|]-+g="J elHl= L|1er _r. -d.a= ral-g n]| 'ElHl'ef=
ol+lef 01f,= LIE|LH= Eol{ EE 
'-(o)o-=.'= FEot|/rI =JPjE 4F€
6lEE EFLltrl.
csm
@ : !Htr eg + ?t= HEJ ofLlef / dErtr e= + ?lgfftlal
e : alHlTf gteEe / all l= Lr lf lE elns
f f i@: ct lqrS-4
Ei== -J+ +e d€ ^HL|l7|ealfllEllol,N fl^l tr+ dE =E^l
EJI
EE^I
(^l-dgJ ilEtrl (,\l:doll) Etrl/Eol^ltrl El=6'ltrl T!-+61trf =461-trf
!le.
L - :O
sfl DIq=E Etr.I
Chapte r 2 ) 71gE dEE* l9
Topr6 *lt t
04 z]]ql^ltlE elde Cd+ zllE$$.RPll + + 9l-tr, *9t= +^lE zld E
q E+ gltrt= 4"14. 6tzl"J HH ̂ lElEg ( o ). 4l+ 7lE+ tszJ
*r. €+eE"J 4l&g 6ll += 7lAl7l"*zl ulltol+. E aAl"l s.= ̂ lAlE
A+ql= Hl+ bol e= gql Aq +,lq atg H7l7l eE4. r4^J e+
ql= zflfl^leql^JE Eag zl--tr- 4l4lg + 9l4l 61tr, AAlg "JE= F
( o ) .
, , r @ :
O :
sffi
0l =3 ^HaH^lEol 8F.Jtr011 rH6H €86f. =gLltf.
g+ ol+l
EEr} EH
^l|et|^18 UE 7fE fl= Zltldftf fl8 8E e.r;
O Olcl^l= =Ja|o|l,\l rt|et| l8el Etroll tH-d 0l0F7l= 6l--rl. ?l-e.E-+, E
Ed 
'EE'0lLf 'E$dftf'al= qflq '-t/?clI 846|trf', 
'-c/i
tll(oll)' =9 EHg ,\l'E6l|,\l =J?J= 4t'SdfE EJLltl-.
C EEA 
'=-f-tst= 
Eq ++', 
'EIllEOl 7l|NEltr[ fi9 sEzf ?lttl-_e=
g+lel +48 LfEfLH= 
'-71 
?l6t|(,'.l)'Lf 
'-EE' 
=9 EH= ll-E6t|,\l
.JE= 4f.56fE =ALlq-.
csm
@ : rflaflIlEo I E"f,6ftfl tr?1?l.l I
o : *-JEql =EEF= =Gl +71 ?l6H
ffi@ : rflaflIl$
E^t
.E^l
aE^l
^HaH^lsoll^l 8= _H= rll
5al6E ?ttf / E^11tr0 |
+r r ld l -e L_T l r l
= t - ] - = - L j r l
THCIE+ 01]^ r ?ltf
zte.
r J O
sfl
7tTg =JE TlAl/+-J =J Af?l CCs. fltl^l ?ld 8Hf+Ll
'Jtl- EGe.c; 86ftl ^l^ldftf '3d6ltrf (€f0l) ̂ lEf =€61-tl
20 roPlK ' \ 71
7f= .Jol 8golrf atg rHTlrf F8+ EIELH_+ =€= Eolrf
r
zlt + g F"J €Edql^J oleulolE$ *+q+.
fl+q+. "lxil a g#9ts9t=ql g#g ( o
Be g#gE-F ( O ). :zBzll "l*Hr +q
sf"l qg+ q+ 7l+ol +"lfi+q+.
EEHzl"J e*s- ll
). r4r-z-El+€ql
qqq4l^l TlHE6ld
Arr c) :
o :
c@
0l =3 I cE= g3 ^Zt= 43 3zl -d^lg ="JLlrf.
g+ olFl
Eflrt EEI
esm
O : olEzJl ,{10F -g^l Lfl-q{fl]rf
o : olDlLlzll =alzxf rf3qfl+LlLl I GlqLlzll =zlzle =€fl+Llrl
& @ : E E
ofEHfolE -U.H A eE rtrJ6ftrf nl€qcl-
e 0lolrl= E8:oll,'.l 'rtrJ:d Eoll'e|I olotTldl.r. ?l_e._E_+ =JElsl EE
a lcE=) l trl" 'troJ6l+'el= gEzf 'olgll -(E)rl" ,olrloll _
1o)=Il'al! EH= /.|€6}|,\1 =J?J= 4Fd6fE= -BFLlrl-.
e fl EeFql,(l 'z=14l ol-34r1 LlLl'ef= "Jol olclxl=+, EEAF 
'=€
6'ftl', 'El€qEf' =$ cl+lef elELf Zlg= L;EILH= '-z li Lf 
'-71
E' =$ EH= /.fEo||,\l =J?J= Atddffl EJLltrl.
EJT
aE^t
+E
g.'E!
Eq B^JI^J -HLla e.# 8q= +.J EE gE-J =EEF
'Jtl Etrf HJEI/E|E| "Jal+ e =rll?.!$Eltrl +trfl^lfioltrf
flna1"1 5161
Chapter 2 l*7l gq €dE# 21
; '
l - q
+ r l
TOPIK * - I I
06 +r+ldg 4+ r+ld4 E"Jolq AzJ, aFzl -Ei"l q]+ Hli6lr+. :z4rJ ']]
++el "JHlql=C ( O ). rfl rrE ol+ ,+lj."l'l Hzl ?+E+ +g
"llol 6}-Z d+s +r+lj.g 
qC H Hgq A ql=:z ulj.€. 7l^la7l: 4
ol ,.lEql = E+ol g + gltrl. €A Bqlol a ga gl= 4+ -+lcg _e."J
ol=lr6]]E( O ).
6 .
O :
csl3
0l =3 =+lxel =8oil rH6H €E6f= =gLlLf
E+ ot+l
EflrI EH
tsm
O : 5+llzl 48 tl!= ^llrH_= +51617 | e=tf
O : 5+lCB #s ?lo o-+ -*F+ qq^l= gf Erf
f f i @ : g
B^l
EJI
eE^f
=sl{ ^lE Hl+o-ltl -*F_+ +ol6l-trf ^l_+
O gql ESoll l =tfl!01 ^lE slCI+ n|'|+ Hl+6ftl:z -l[eg-+ Etelel
EEAF 
'I1ltH-+', '+Eo-f+'al'= ol+lel- '-71(7 f) 
-d=tflol=Jcf' al-= E
H= ^lE6H^l =JPJ= +€6l|0F ELltf.
O =Jelel EEd 
=ar$tr q+'af= cl+lef 7l€d0l ?t== LfEfLH= 
'-
(-9-)= #-=. ?lrl' , =71Lf flg= +E|LH= 
'-(o)o_+.'af= 
EH= 
-tst74l
^fE6H^l -JPJ= 4f€dffl =+Lltf.
trHE.
O - =d =E =71 =^f
6H=dftf =6ftf tr1^ltf Eol-LHrf (==) Elrf
E O E r l
== EL f =01 g=t f
=H||
zt-e.
r - :o
EE
22 TOPIK / '^71
ffi'g El- ^l*e adq zll 4ql g+fl ^l+qe+Eqq. ̂ ll+4%r"l d
€d 4xF==4 Gg "JEzl dql= -=zl7l HH+q+. ( o ) -=g
€ "ll- zl+r+- grl ++g *zl€.r.|gop. ilfl+q4. rll6'Hele q4
g"J43zl ^J46ll^J 144Hql f,-=g"JE4l qH+q+. Gg( O )
ElEqd ^l zlzl €+6.141 "JEld ̂ il4lql^J +g+ EzlEq4.
rl
i l r c) :
o :
Cffi
ol =3 u= 6|-r1loil rH6|| €E6f= =glltf.
Et+ otfl :e}l /.llSEt|eJ =^1. ^l7l €+6ftrf ?gdfrf
e 0lol^l= Ef|oll,\l == € n||= -d^l_e
llo|I ?ie E-=, EEd '"J(=) 6ftrf',
(.g)t-lE HJEoll', '-(9)t-/E Ell HJ"-H'
/{.E:dtrlE SHJEI= geJ= Il'El+cll-d+g' olal= qfle|.'-
EH= /'lE6l|,\l =JLf= 4rd6f
sflEl EEI = 4l #Llrl.
o Floll 
'"JEolTl ̂171' zf= gol ?io=+ =Jsf"l EEA|- ,oJ= FJ'olaf
= ol+lsl 'eJ= EE', 'EoJ olLla[ =$ EH€ /{.E6t|/rl =Jgl= 4t
d.-fE= -stLltrl.
csEs
e : "JP ̂ l=rf e= 
-zl+q= ,'.IE-il HJEoll / oJ=e Er- n|J= ̂l=rl e3 -d+"J= lfE-zt. rll HJ6H
C : ExfE 'J= /.lflre =E / =^l_-= trJ= /.FJEoJ ofLlef
f f i@:e t=
=tr E8E^f EolE^f .EEl€a g=7lzJ :eE-J ffi =d
E^t
aeJl
HJeap; qdlq 56Ef E46ltrl ETloltrl dl-Iloltrl =6F4olrf
tJ =:'1 7lq IIE o=cl
.v,tg.r-:o
s,fl
Chapter 2 l*7l gq €dEG 23
ToprK 4*t t
08 xJf$ 6l= "JBq= + 7v^l7l- gl+. 4. Hal]= +E"l ^B7lH Hxl g+
= {++q d}l r qqz'l EsE ^Jgl6l= "JHol+. F Hzl]b +d ol*
zl*ql Eg ++61 ,A1 HC Eg zJ+61= "JHqlql, olel Ae "JHse
= €xllE E€. y_ozlzl 4* qB4r ++. q+rlH ( o ). q+^J
+"J"1 ̂J7lH ( o ) zl++q d-= ++g 7140t ++.
 
n t O :
/ r \ '\:/ .
Cffi
0l =3 ^J+= 6f. 'JHoil rH6H €E6l= ="JLlrf.
=J+ ol+l
EflUI EEI
csm
@ : uI 'Je EOl471L|. fi.= +E ?l7l nHEolrf
O: ExJ Ol*^jtoll == # 711 ofLlal /7^1-*+._+ E= ^ ̂ l "Jr
gAEp : xl*zt +ul
B^t
^l+(=) 6ftf +g Lltrl^l .Jrf E orf ++l
C gel EeFollAl 
'E= +o7l7f qaJ+'a :"t_e.E+ EEAI 
,,\ tr 'Jrf','4cf' 
5ql EET| 7l-sd= LfEfLH= ,_(9)= #s. ?lcf'af= EE=
/.l.E6t|,\1 =J$= 4F€6fE= -stLlrl.
e =JArgl EEg goll,\J LlsE ,01=^J=" ,E= t rf'af= E-dzl +€01
Lf =Il= LIEIL[|= '-(9) = 4l ofqz[, '-Il "J_.r].' E$ EE= l€6H
^J g?t= 4t€dfE =+Lltrl.
.AE
+ - ^Hl +g ol^l el= 5g Tlr ^l= ^l=501^ll
LJHlo-lrf (==) -:lrl golrf gEa|+ (4=€) =trf trEdfrf
E= E ,r,t5 a|tf qE _=.of Et|^t 6Jelq= =afntltf
rJ=
=^l
trE^t
.I.l-e.
t - :o
Efl
24 TOPIK /'^71
E47l 4lE trls=E e-^lls-!
+4 "l€es_{Cql='il++E ul$rl*Eol uzlzl oJE= gg *+q
+. 6lzl"J ol4l= uJ$ +"JE "JP"Jol uzlzl ElE= "Jg 6}l il+q+.
( O ) uzlzl r*g ^l-+6t= ̂ lEle aA €971 trll+Eq+. rEl
+ ( o )"g4lq r=H4 rj €"l6ttrl= ̂ l€g "J4l Eq+. +r1
trl€ql eri.rl uzlzlE "Hqql + H ullzi B^ll,e_!
^
i l l c ) :
6 ) .
\:7 .
C@
0l =P E^17 | ill-d El€oll rH-d grLHEgL]rf.
g+ otFl
s,flzl EH
csm
O : -pJP /.lEr=O| =afA= r== /.f$6fzl EJ Eioll
Q : _Erf7l f== zl+ ^l86frf _HE
ffiB : tEEEI
E^17 | r= =+ =el EJ trf zlofEl
e E8el A+Eoll 
'E.xfz 
I r== l.E6k ,\FJol =fltrl'= +84il =J
alTl ololxlo-e '=af4El -L=', '/.l"E6fq'ef= EEaf '-(9)t_/i El
oll'zf= =gE ^lE6H l -JgJ= 4t€6|= 4l =GLltf.
e .Jsl-ol EEd 
'E\17 
| f.F , 
'/.l-E:6ftr|.'af= EE4 olnl-d :d+l= Il+
-dtrf= elnl= LIE|LH= '-trf HE'olal= /llE6|| l -J?J= 4t€6lfl =
+Lltrf.
EJI
geJl
!19.r-:o
JT,,EI
nl EEf+^l EgEl| ^1"J4 AA4 +et| ^€l rfler4 =^4
4l*6ftrf ElAFalEf "JE6ftf E=6'ltrl +!7loltrf +Jl+6ltl-
"J$+(=) ^lr-f +H= 7}|trf nlz=1x17|Eltrf
Chapter 2 ;*7l gq dEE+ 25
roprH 4*t,
10 '^Jl € r+l* 4Et|zl 7Jq; += 4$ol 91tr1. "l+ qflg "IE ++"1 i1q^Jvl^lE g6l€- =r+L -Fol4. :_"JE + H 714.++c +c 4"lE r-l-
$ aol= ulflzlzl 421 ?++. trl+^J ( O ) 6l= 4ol +,q61+.
"JE ( O ) C-d r.a + H= 4+ "lqrrg+=61 r=q6l]ot+4.
r n O :
O :
C@
0l =P +uJ -ddel ee€oil tH6H €E6f= =gLltf.
"J+ ol+l
EEst EH
sl= clzltl +3J Frf g-d z^lrf
e =Jefq 
'ol= n|1'Lf '^j=+El" '+zJ= TfIlEf'af= Etr4 :d+lel =4
olLf olE= LfEfLH= '-_E='olaf= EH= /\fEdHll =J$= 4F€6fE
ELltrf.
cE8 A+Eel LHEo+ -H.of 'Lfg +zJ" 
,Tf^lrf'af=ol+lef gH=
LfEfLH= '-rf(r) dfrlaf_E , 
'-cl(z) 6HE' =el EH= 
-Er74l I.E6H J
=J?J= Atddf= 4l =€Ll+.
7f^lE= / ^-13+=l =e +rJ= 71tr + ?tE=
Elfl+-Z 6frlalE I L_I-!E #aJ= 7l^1tr_ ?,1+r 6H_E
Ltr4 zJ* +zsl4 "Jd bl= +rJ€ 4+zJ qr+ =+
7l=tr1 =rfl=o|trf (E-oil) H|Jrf Hl+rf qal+ EdEq
floll =Jz EfLlrf dl-+7f =rf 6lzl(o-fr.)
csm
O : ol=J rr|j =3 +Zf=
O : L-fE ArJ= 7l^l/l
e@ :GaJ
EJI.
eE^t
B^l
.a.tg.
L : O
s,E
26 TOPIK /'^71
s*^{ a+=*+q+.
zl= s%14 ++g =El6l- trl^J"Jq+.
:24^J ,q+ trlgql^J =e}^q=- Hl|+r il-ql Hzl +Eg trlrlg a+E
ol ffioll,<J ( O ) xl_= eq t€19 611 EEja Elqq.
El+^J ( O ) ̂ JEE +e+ql ql6]|^JE El]g + gls{ €4+q+.
+d gl= +e €q6l] +^Jl,q_. H.p. 010- OL23-4567
f f i O :
O :
C@
ol == flGl -il-eJ rl+= *= Bf:z"JLlrf.
'J+ olFl *rf +-+ Ecl nsJ Eal zJC
$e!4 =H
e gel E€loll,(l flrj +-+= trfLl8 T!+L=01 
-d 0l0F7laf='jol 91oa
e ="_48 
'Eq le.l$ 6ftrf', '=trf'Lf 'EtOl Eltr[ afts gEzl- '-(9)
l/!r[ 6H l'af= =H= /.l.E6H l 'J?J= 4t€6t|0t EJLltrl.
e =E8 
'flq', 'HH+rf' 
=sl cl+lel gel /.f€oll trl:sr= LfEfLH= 
'-
(e)E EtrJ oFLler. 
'HoJ ol-Llar =:el EH= fEdH,\l =J?J= 4F€6f
E= c'Lltrf.
csm
o: flol _l.eJE 6H H_r. tli t1l =rfr 6H,\J / flGl rEJ= 6H HE EE01 s;r;-l aflr-J
c : flqEoJ OfLlaf / flcloil rHdH^l H|]= EU OfLlaf
ffi@ : flol 
-4€
!,[9.r-:o
gE
g^l zJ74 =.4o1 =E flq =H Eg g= olpl+ el^l.A$ gE
+/.ldfEl -*€trf 84aFf +€61trf Pdoftrl
gEol Eoltrf EEol 56'ftf goll Etf
E^l
EgJI
= qe Eolal
Chapter 2 l*7l gq €EE* 27
Topr* *t t
12 4Z qlq 4H"l 44*^fq$^ll7l g-rz 9t4. f,q4fl€+^E 4^l 4
4, 7l Eql^J 4Hzll ']]ql €Bz|$ daa15 A6Jol 9lq r€ol+ d+tril
=cE.e ( o ). E+ ol=e flE +qlE 4Hzll 'ilq}€B4ql ulall.<J
( O ). €BoE 4Al ggg"J "lq++41 E+tsqzl- 4*zl *+
= aol+. ,+4^J dzll E+ bq Eoe r.Ei6lzl g:-r. qlquJeE itE ']]+
= ts= 9ol s.E+ 6l= c4"l utflqq"F +trf.
n r O :
@ :
C@
ol =3 -++ ̂ ftr =rllql tH6H €E6f-r. ?l= =gLltf.
E+ olFl +al ^l-E dEa;q EE ATI rH?
sflrt EEI
e olq^l= E€|oll,l.l 
'+lg 
+ollE'af= gol ?leoE, =Jtrlel EE8 
'8
E1|4o-=', '+lgEol .*trf'afE EEaf 4 l =rf 5= €E-=F tt[| ,t.l€!
= 
'-(e) L/? 7l.oe +ElLhEl'ah= =H= IlEoll,\l 'JoJ= 4t€dl-E=
-sr-Lltrf.
O =E$ 
'^hE tH?= "Jtrf'Ll 
'if"E-= 'J6ftf'af= E-dah '-(o.)t-/i 4.
os r-fEfLfEf'ef= =H= /j'EidH,\l =J$= 4r€5f$ EJLltl.
csm
o : arH4oe +lEEol rf^ LJ3 aee LlEfHrl
O : xfE tH+= E-l- ?tE zJetr- LfEfL-Jtf
B^l 737-r +4 =+ Ed 4€ =71 E7l ?38 ?3d EOF
=^l
eE^t
^lfloftrf zE6ftrf g^foftrf +=6ftl- €€dftl- g+loftrf
zl9.u o
s.fl
ffi@ :+lE az
28 roPlK /'^71
^f4=€ nhtrf -d+"J= Erf F El.zl E77l= tr-rf
t
f t o :
Q :
A€E ttl?l+==g +"J* {gg 7l^Ia 9l+. otzl €dql^J zld "J+
gA+ 4.H6ll Hzl *+ 4Hg 714. ( O ). "lAH ̂ €g 9"leH^J
?JAzis.E Ae+ 4,Eol qtr.- ( O ). 4il"Jq q+ A€g gl-r.
qE4r"J 441flH €zlql ql6ll dd q€+ zlzl a6H= 7l^lA1 g +E
gl+. s.d: 7lE+ fl+7171 +"J+ql i€g 9lr. Lt^J gE 4xllql^J =-9 d
+= Eg+E.91- 4014.
C@
ol =3 +€01 += 3€4?l B-3F011 tH6H €Ea|l flE =gLltf.
g+ olF.l t€ Es?lE ^lg flE ZJtr4 ZEA;C;
EflUI EEI
o ololrl= E8oll,\j 
'^'€E gleE^l zltr4oe ecft ^=',olafr. 
:d
o E + EEg 
'A# 
+$ ?lE , 
'Zedhq' afE gEzf '=/= E6l|(,\I)'
alts EE= ^l-E6H^l =J?J= Et'56|.8 EJLltrf.
e .Jehel EE,g 
'€of7fEf" 'EEol Eltrf'al-E Etr4 :d?lLl erlel HJ=
= LfEfLH= 
'-= 6ftrl'Ll- '-7lE 6f+'ah= EH= ,\l8iol|Il 'J?J= 4F
d6l.= 4l €#Lltrf.
csm
@ : a€ +q oJE== 56H^l (ZE4-e.-+) "JP
O : Aol7l? Ell = -=Eol EIE il.1 I A0l-7f=
3-g= -g + ?ttf
rll = Etol :-:l7lE 
-sftf
B^t ^l +=J =71?l +€. ?JE al+ ?JE 4',71 ̂ h#4 =^l
ZrCl6'ftrl E=J6ftrl- rF86ftrl 8fl6'ftrl HJgEltrf E,\loftrf
F='Atr1(tstrf)
€^t
BE^T
SE
g.'fl
ffi@ : Eetel {lxl
4€(=) l trf
Chapter 2 t*zl gq AdE+ 29
Tops{ St t
1 4 f,=E d€|4?1 t* "J^lC €-Eolq. eEe oHlolql^J Eg Ell^J HJ.ul
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4td6fE EJLltrl.
IEFED
c : rJ$ #71 =oftr agoil,==Jfi.+LlLf / qq g=J6f7l rrlal6Htr agoil =Hfl#Llrl-
O : ol Tlsl= =il^l glef_eE EfLlri
ffi@ : +71 :#7J
ir.= =i"-|] Esl +^l *3 tiE:\l ?l+ +E4 trsl ^l€ EJZ
H6lEf Eagq ulu4a|r| 4ltr+6ftr|. qg.=trl EJTl^ftrl
E-E. €E fltrl tr rElLfE r€oltrl
5^t
E€lT
!J€.r-:o
lnf,'
Chapter 2 l*7l gq €EEA 41
- x
Toprx €r I
26 e+ *zJ d€- EzllTl 446t+. +rJ d€-"l+ gHl4es otulE FE
Azl €EHql^J ( O ). olt- otrl.Eql^J- olql6 rl*"1 9l+ql^J '}]
E z-sorl al"Jal4zl 44!"1 =-s-6l= ^lqlzlzl g^J*+. ol E{l= ^-lEl - + . | = l | o -
( O ). "14+ql ^t= ^l*9 "Jtlg 
^J4F6l^l *l ^lrzfl4l ^J$6t=
+l+ ̂ lglel =d^J S.= qlEzl 4+ +?J ig +zll= "Jezlzl ull$ol+.
3* * O :
o :
ft@
0l=e =rJ 4= =r{oll rHaH €E6f= =oJLlrl
'J+ ol+l
Efl4 =El
egm
o fltq/t/ Lfl= 430/ olftEq/ =E/= 7. ,='/q
Q: afl=l6\a 4g-ilL|fr 6H7J-J ++ o^J.Lf
ffi@ : Ert| /.lalol EIJI
B^l
E-ll
eE^l
=ZJ Ag d46fcl 89614 gB aC€
C 
'=7J B'oll rH-d €el= Lll4= E$olse EEg 
'4.== Ll|r[, '=
altf'af= s-d4 '-(e)w/? 4= "Sf+'af= EE= ,t.l€oH^l =J$=
4t€dl= 1l =€Lltf.
O =JAl"l EEAF 
'Hf|q6El', '[Cdfc.f' 
=el Gl+le| 7|-ts€= L|EILH=
'-(o.)= 
#E ?l+'af= Eg= /.fEafi,\l =JPi= 4F.!dfE EJLltf
.tt-e.u o
sfl
7f^lal +uJd EE"J= +^l ^f,gg ol7l4 flz*el +lgu
7f+efElrl z+afqq- Tt|cofrt rHulol-rf ?J€Eltl =f=6ftf
fle =elLftrl HFJ= goT l t f
42 ToPIK ̂ 71
,JAElql^J RU]IE EI+H^J Aq4+ rl*E"l ++ gl+. :. r.|ss.g z|
CE9 €Fol ( O ). -H.F ololEg zlzl 4zl q+ql Bu11€ = +oJ
++lql gl= ololg g=ql *g + glbrJlE Bu}lE q+= ^lBlEg r7*&
e^l6lzl *6lr gl- 4. tzl ull+"l4. al= €+ ilgql^J ( o ).
:.ef 4 g€4-5 ^^E rLq'l;<l g+= + a+E c4E -sr+=- 4FzlE E
5 aolr+. 6 .
S o :
o :
CflB
0l =e =Jt1tl EEq fl-Jdoil rl]6H €Bdf= =gLlrf.
esm \
O : $nl-Ll Pl-dgr A?l^l ?l^lEr =Jszf ?ttf
Q: zlz)tl =EE =^l6f= €rq= gg-et- Hf ?,lrf
eE@ : ̂ tq +fir
B^t
?J4al =JHll =Jtrf gJ*Japq €+ EE^f €Iq
e +g EEoll^J ?J71e:1 =Eol Eal opl=otl4l EH+ +l-d6ftrl.= oloFTl=
5fz 9,10 a + EEaF 'fl-dap1' , 
'?]^j6f+' alt cl+lgl 'gEfLt -(9)
t-lbll'af= EH€ /.l.Edfl,\{ Et?J= 4r€6|fl EJLttrf.
e =JElsl EEg EE= =i^16|ttrf,, ,€44= Seapl'al= EE4 :alel
/.[|lol ?l=E LlElLHts '-(e)r u(zl) ?l+'a|= EEE |Ed}|lrJ EJp_f
= 4F€6lE =,=ALltf.
EJI
aE^t
sa
sE!
EEq zJE Et-d +H H4 ulB ^l7J g=J ^Jel
Szap;- zJE}|oltrl E+6lrf ^1^le+ 486lrf ^.lH6fEl 6.lEslrf
El+afrl -d trfel7l - t-Jol= 6alq H g,olE € /.FaJoltrl
Chapter 2 u7l gq AEEA 43
Tapill dtt
28 "J+ AJ, qel +.J 4. t"ftl 4.E ts4_s-.
"l4zl ^l-+H tl|+g t"l zlzle i{Fl9-.
rflql ^ltlHAl,,i =tlql^J qCE{ 94 ( O
ol "llE= ( O ). +"J +ql BelgEgrlls.
"l+4E dp+= e-g+ s€- a eol^Js.
) .
r * o :
O :
Cru
^r -ro =r t L F=.Ollzl -JZ cl lg"Jt_lrf .v | -E- Y-|,/\l 6-I
E+ otFl
Eflzl Eg
EEIHTD
O : EofeC+r 6l-= Hf-Joll ^l E^J ="J6H0F4,!cle
o : aj?]af= rH_+ E^f +^Jle
fF@ :488E
5^l
eE^t
nll-=. H7ltrt ol= ql€ eJe =JB
O =Jafol EEAF 
'=0|-9+, 
=HJ61tr1'at= Gl+lel =df^l .pJ4l gZ olf,
= LfEfLH= 
'-= Hlflloll'+= EE= ^l$dH^l ggj= 4F€6|._ Zl =+
Llrf.
O tf= =Soll J =J8= Eqlilqr iloo+ 
'ej?l6frf', 'EIl-= 
+rl' =
el E-dzl /.lz4o+ Hle E=ot gqq= :d?l= LfEfLH= '_= rHE'
fl= EH= ^tEdH^J ffJ= lfddtE= -Btlltf.
zl.e.
t - :o
sfl
'J= =^H 5-+ +.-f43 8{ oF= ol^l == trl= +71
(=^H=) grf r"JFrl Hlr61trl *ca;-r|- gf€Eltrf 6Hrdfrl
=01 gal+ Hr+al= l^ltrf LfuqTf frtrf
44 ToPIK ̂ 71
29
\
i i i o :
O :
r+ge ril+qE €r. EqE €ol ^l^l g+-+r ^J461- rl*5ol y++.
4gql= Hl+"Jr+ +7lAol ++6H^J q+ql +_r. d#azl *"J. a+El E
qE E"J+g t-zzt + glq^J 6]|7l € aol fltr}= 4oltr+. Hl$ql CEzI=5
e 4"J"J t*"1 ( o ). "lBl+ cEzl€E A-r.= 4"Jq +*g ,_vl
41 6l='J+"1 Be g%hg 4zl rl+flql *ol ( o ). ol+^J 4-gs.
a+&l 4'J6l EE+ +E6]|oF ++.
C@
0l =3 ^llftl zfg d+l7l 7l-^lg + ?t= E^jltrOl r|laH €Eo-f= =gLlrf.
g+ olFl zlg trl+ €ol nltrl 73a EJ"J .JE gaJ
O Olqxl= E6Folll.J 'zSa Ll 'EaJ'4 ee "JE ol.r. ?io o + g6fel
EEAF '€01 nltrf" 'azaEl'af= Etr4 ,_trf71_='olef= EHg /.l_E
"-H^1 Hgl= q,ga|ts 4l =+Lltrf.
8fl4 EEI e Eehg g?Eoll 'E"Jol = EaJol Etrl '= oloFTlTf lloo+, ,=Jrf,,'EaJol 
=trf" 'ill== =alq' =el EtrIF B+l7l d-dEJoll r+4 =rl
el €szf trj c"-Htr= LfEfLH= '-(e)E -(e)=#E olal= EH= If
E"-ll^l Hgf=,4|.da|E EJ Ll trf.
O : 9Ll7l= e6lal Ar.0l tr #s ?lrf-l. Al.-zfrl
O : =JE =++ geJol =of ̂ 116= =el= aol+
EEE, : =^{et ',3ut gg
5^r
EgJI
1-al6ltrf =JEbftrf =JEaEf rl|=dr4 "JE.r.lz1c1 d+lofEf trFtr6ftr1.
Zl3 eq goll "Jtf Eol qq7l) 6lLl7 | =GlE e.e4|cf
.al.€.
t-,; ct
s.fl
Chapter 2 )^71 gq AflEE 45
rop'{ 4*t,
30 e+ElE 4l xl g"l gzls g+gt=ql ( o ). HAI ril Hzll r1}ol#
ols. olHql= 4FF +ql zlzlzl 44 Bl=lqq oltl-* rt)zl4 +qr*:z
s. ^]l e+qflql 4l+ rAF"l 4z -z4E E +e E.4l7l Nzl4zl € ol^J
.r.l$alzlzl Egqls-. +- EH-e. ( o ). olelolE €+gg 6ll +^lH
q +re. +^l lrJdlzl"J a'J q "l4|g*+4q,q.
3
rii /q .rr! 
\i/
o :
C@
0l =e *3 Z+El rtrtoll rflofl gto;6f= =gLlrf.
E{+ otfl r.ef 4tE 74rltr+ ziltrl EtrJ A+=
e trf^lE 880_+ Hol =Eg ?€tol Lltrf,,
^ldoil EHpl =eFSolut tolgfpfg 4EIL}|=
= Errl'al= EE4 gel
'-tlLl'al= 
EH= /.l€dl|
sfl4 EEt
esHs
o : H fll^lol|-f rar-01 LftfLl Er= +71-fi._qls
o: leJ6H +=^l eJEaH +=^l 6H +^Jle
ffiB : r:izt+al
E^t
EE^I
,\J =JgrE 4td6ffl #Ll+.
e =Jcf"l EEA| -tr+6}| +tr} , 
'+=oll 
+E-l'zl= trE4 dE4 7l-s:d :d
+l= LIE-EF r]| l^0l= €(xp -grl)'e|E EEE l.Edt|lJ -JLr-= 4r.
ddlE EJLltrl.
.Elg.
L : E
sE!
arJ EC EEj EaJE ^|.EA!B^J ̂ .lHl^.ElEl olEtr dfl 6l^f
B|7[^ltrl 4t5^l7ltrt ril7lb',ltrl trf+Eltrl (Ee|.E) =rf
4 gz Egzt ziltrl
46 ToPtK ,u7l
lll+ol(tr#, spoken longuoge)gt +ol(X#, writren longuoge)
+q9 +ae+de.E d4g dgdlzl q#ql +44+a Fol FHlgr*9 a
^1, tl+, ,tE Fol +4\l+= 4E'l+. E+ dxll tl+ql^J 4Elzl ol+q 44 ql
Eql "B (+-l)", "oJ*q?', "'llg gqls.."iJH E6F c+g ^g+*+ gl+q+. +q
= +qe+ g.el ++* E.Alol4, 'azl(:zBxl)' , ,olq?++g(olq+r,q_)'el Eol
sG +cql *zl 9*- E+g'J6l+ a+E E++q'}. ,++^J +q4 =g +cg
qq-qgr+ +++qE qCql "*41 E6Fg4oI+q+.
O ^^1.= 8+6f^l gr=trf.
@ +ololltrJ l = s.EE /{.E6}|,tJ= gr EJtrl.
EHr | @E 5801=J - ES7L hlzEg -..t71E/LlsE_EEi 
lo -rtlo=n -71 nflE'il, -(e)q El eol Eqoil Tp ^ = sEol ?ttrf.
@ 
'ol, _L, Il' =oll^1 
'Il'= l.8g + fi,trf.
O 
'-t_/Er:l 
E lEeFe_+uJ AFEHHJ(=^1.)= fiiol^l glE= -dtrf.
O 
'd"Jof 
, 
'gEloF 
=zF eol +E= "J= l.E6lIl E=trl.
@ 
'oF 
, 
'tr|-" '+' 
5gl zr-EJ/.I-= l Il gjEtrl.
€) g= =q ,u^l gj=trf. f'
Eq | @ s+fl.! 
*'J+qlts =E1l - -r.eJEll
l@ enzf "'-Je= 4EILll= gE= 
'ol-+, Et|+'= = 4ol =trl.
@D Lf= ^fzl.= El4l =of-dtrf. - rfts ^El-= rll+ =ol-dtrl.
€) trtg:d Et^lq== EEoil '+41 E ^1.€i6fE= -dtrf.
l2f 5o;s1 +{t ^t€i
1) zj-+++^lElBrll ++ gl=^lltlgE+r glq. -4L- gl+
D 4l ̂ J4ql trl4ql- 7l+E €4zl 44 q rl"J6ll€ 4"14. --- ql ̂ J4q - 4ol4
l3f +qet ^l+olel s.€-
D r€s+E g"Je4qE E-d EoeE €++B"l EH.tr|.
-r€49 g"Je-EH.+sq gl+.
2) 4zl-zl4aE d3 E4lE 4lE^lgg i]l+61= zlgEol r*xl g+4.
--' 4zl ^\46}z dg +41= - g}xl g*+s 4o14.
Chapter 2 ;*7l ge?ddfl6 47
!,t
'E+ 
+€6f71' E^il= 7|l"J=0l71Ll Tj+-d ,'.|.al4 A^]|0ll rH6H^1 ^11^lE! €H= /.|E6U L|1E
= +d6lr E+= 4tr61 +d6u 200-30orle =E trJE= +EgLlrf. E=Jel *e4 6d
Lt|EgI ?l^loll ttlE 7d gHe +B4 e+Lltl.
* +'Jel +€
oll-;.o; ,$4= g=Elfl Ed-d EEJ
 H T t o l
o - r - l
E+loil qaf
=+otel =c g4ot dEE EE
=C EE€ fl"Jfl6H - Bl+zl6lt =E
6C LHSel 9l:.loll rrl+ +€ "JB
+tif"
+=J^J EEolLl =el g+Eoil 6d LflE€ l{f^l
El=J^.| E'JolLl =el E+Eoll ed Ll|E€ 8l^l
-="1 =c rllE== g+E"l EHql '
elEl8 ̂ le sJaJ fl= e^l Eszlal +q q = Ll|E E?lE +g
EI E-J
g=J^1
=g^l =el 6zJ ?Eoil 6C L}|EE lll^l
rflal^lo = - i
E'JEftrf =e-d L|lE€ {l^l
* ES9 I}|E= ^lzj4 .=Z!4 +^1= Srl glu, e=E . E+IEE Lfg6|.q ̂ l=
6|| Lf7lts EeF 
"€ 
HJ^l
48 ToPIK ^ 71
TOPK ll &71 gej Ef€ gE
E+ +€6|-71 - ^ll^lEJ €H= olE.-|G +rilql *zl =E € + Rl=^l= E7f6lE +E
- ^lltr 7l= )'
7E
Ll|E H
zt4t *fl
QE)
- - '
=el
d7l| +4
(JE)
flol ^t€
(8x2=168)
* il|€ =71
E+ +E
a =o at
2-0E
2-0-
6-08
1) +clTl rfrjl= =dal +961fr=7f?
2) +Illel zJaJEJ lt|Eoe +€6ffi=7f?
3) +olTl LHE= E+dFr. qgdfll tr8.-|-fl=71?
7-6E En ?I{V \ J E
1) =el +€01 Eqr6'fr tsal4gl7f?
2) =el LHEoil qe|. E+ +€ol € otFqfitszft
3) tsal ETlloll Etol El= =Jef Erl= 4€61-41 ^l
E6'|-q 444-oE E'laffi=z l-z
1) EHrf q+r=
EH4 ol+l= d+d|.G ̂ fE.-fH=7l-?
2) EH, ol+1, *=H 59 /.hEol gEJ-Lf7f?
3) =e.l q44 715011 qel 4^1011 "Jxl =E x=71?
7-6E trrrr?Ilv r''' El
16-i4E 12-8E
H L]|E H rr4|+fl(78) d7l| +5(7€) flol ^tE(168)
a
=
o
6l
A 7 7 8(x2)
B 6 6 7(x2)
C 4-5 4-5 5^,6(X2)
D 3 3 4(x2)
E 2 2 3(x2)
F 0-1 0-1 g'-l(xZ)
Chapter 2 )^71 gq €EE+ 49
_ Et_ol_ Il_/\l Hl-rflr l ! - - - r o o t l
. B?J= 4F€-g rr1= g+E rl^11= =€61 +:.J6H0F Ert_ltf. 9+E! LHE= E+ E-B|.6||
oF 6fq zJalol fi.= LHE= E-Er-"t ?3+ Atrol EJLltf. 861 '1Jalol g.= LHE= +
,3+= Qtr ̂ izlEJt_ltf.
. LHE= +€-=F ut|= ̂ ll/.lEJ €H= Ee Eclr"t;r 7171011 lftlel elTJ= FEq dfLf"l
Ee sJ€dlE+ 
-Br.LlrJ.
. == ^4 glTll Tj.TH6HOF 6|q Eg-C7t|-rl.+al +6= ';+= ?;-ol =Jg-Br.Llrf. ral
a 1H801 SgJEIH HJ=.r.1 =E= Hf+ol u10F 
-dLlll.
. Eel= +d=t rr1= 6E+=oll "J= oleq Eg= tfgfofz €EJdlZl /.lE-oHoF 
-dfll
rf. zEolfl =; aF +=el clFlef =gg ^f86f.= 4ol =aLlrf. 4Eol|-f =E 6l
+=el Gl+lef EE= ^lE6H €sjdl4l i = z;!H4 a+71 g+ iltlelE =a ar. +=
el qflq EE= EJol ̂f8dl= Aol =+Lltl.
. =el =€oll "+Zl EG|4eE ^ = Aol =g-EtLltl'. 
'8, Elll'el- eP +ol cl+lLf 
':d
Ell, -o|lGl 7lr.la' q e3 +cl EEe l$6frl EoloF 
-ErLltl. s/.fE 8+6f^l trJ-r.
r+ uloF -Br-Llrf. EEI ==:dge 
'-d/ALl+, -ol/ol9'= IfE6fE ZrE0l =JLltf.
. EH7 | ^llllqGl ?t= EEL| aefls EE Ee =ol^l €Edfz 7171011 ^ftlel 
qa=
'iEq 6fLfel =-+ eJ€df= E+= 6f= aol =+Lltf.
.== 4A7l Coll E"J, E7H, rf+al el?: EZI= oltr LtlEo+ +€-g^l nlal zH9 E=
4td6|| =o.E == ^ = tll Etol EJLltl..
50 ToPIK ^ 71
__..I
GE'€f€ +fEt =J+ az''ff E116rf 4 EBErf= Elfcre.E €^fEt €gElEft'Jfle5 H?, +,r.t Ert= Hfao1q 200-3o0xre {adlfEfr fl g t ,
Chapter 2 )^71gq dEE+ Sl
TOPIH
Cffi
.10tH 8=J^f 6 
',714 
= :d=-d #el =J+ 5zo_+. E= IlaJ? 52./"011 g:a{rf.
. =J+ ̂ Zo_tr ',7JA = E= aOLH SHI|= 27odl f^1 2OLH77fIl= 7?J0ll = zJd
€H =^1
=J+ ol+l IfH_l+ trd
EaJ+ 3g^l
0l fi,= zSstr- LfEfr-J+.
.3orH B=J^lEel rH=Je 1o4Lf zor(@ =aD 7l=, z7J, =,--**--l
'Jrl.
( )
^fgPl +o9 LfEf
t--*--.-/
oll =JaEt
-=/== rH.5lo-tr.
A"f €E a.lf €,t.loltf
T7J ^fol E+ 
-.J=
-(9.)L/= {etr LfEfLftf
-e=/= =6t| (ol)afl 846ltf
EHrl sfl
CTIHD
10-30tHol lf-J== rfllf-gE g=-zl #ql E+ 4zoll rH6H €E ^^f= A.r.l6ffirl. t rJtl EE E
ajqHql^l 8=J^fql 4HJ+7f 7f+01 )18 =euf ^z0l+r g46f= zleE LlEf,-Jrl. 7f+ +=qe =
9-zf aoll rHaHIlE EaJ+E-+ r11=Jol xfol= Hfi=rll. lorllel Z+oll. z4/J I lpJ, 1e.o/o7l Eol-f.z H
-iltr, 20tH= 237"71 E, ?2o/"7|- ,\PJOlalll -J6H Hl+-Lf +== ELHtf. relLf 3otHoll,tJ= zff +gos
zlz!01 S9aEl= 3-J0l307.011 g6l= zlsE Ll+H=ql, oleJ:zi =aE 5"-H 3OrH7l EIE rJ?J011 E=
rJd= tlxlz I .rl4efrf= ,i= g + ?ltL
8AEE : il+-d #
B^l 7f^lal zJtr Zlq Es tr €3 '#trl| ?J= ?tgEt
(7f€=) +zltrl +alq gd6ftf HlEoltf g^l7l-tl ol+tl ++dl-rf
.I'l-e.u o
Efl r.g Eoil 
qol e+ zHTf +of^ltrf == Eoll =ol ?lrl
-\
tl ,\l-Ol
eE ---l
EJ}
EE^I
52 TOPIK / '^71
1oo/
Chapter 4^71gq €dE#
roprx 4*r r I
02 qeg '!1+= Eso\u-\ HL\o\:*L\ql o\L\a\\rl BB zilgyy $\\ rli,)) rFE
E ghl={ EE 6,rt?lt-lcf. =ztlEE Ha., z,+f Zzf=E Htf,l[q 2oo*3oo
4e {d4e. (308)
:== 
-EColl4 -HLt|ot :g rll dEa1; 8+
'l+ ' z?r olg zl+1?l zl+
50
ool
rol
,ol
'ol
0 L
80
54 ToPIK 'u7l
'191 TF9 3+ Tiqgol4o7oE 7fB dEo-f= 8a-e LEf'Jeq, ErjzJll gaF
El, agEol :1 +l= olfltrf.
. 1?.! zl+=- Ef?lel /.ld= e|^l6l^l gJof-E El= [|1!= dE6f= 4o+ E4EJtrf.
.2oJ 0lAr- TFsl 3+oll= gElEtol 60o/o-E ss.4oe *r' LfEl-'-J_o.q. +g_e._e
znlH4zl A"JE +olHrl.
.4^l Eil- r?luf 2?l olaF 7F trF =:94 eol T|IHJEJ gg8:4= dEafrl gr3
zl.oe LEF-Jtrl.
7F c7J EC Fl= glrf €LH E+ ol^16[trf
-x,!tr|t= -o|lGlE Elrl oll rxlcf
-(e)-E -=/= Etrf -o; trolrf
E+= -Edoll^l ELJT|E clrloll^J _HH a?l7foJl rHdH^1 7FE_e €E 4^l= dfHrf. t ?Jal =^f ^f
1? TFel 3+ S=J^lel 40/"7f ztrl+= E?ta -E,tJ*lr.l gtrf+lol7+?1 zy/"sl t9o/oe Fl= 0lol. r
I zF7el 3+oll= rf= ^FJg b= 0l^16;^l grof_E El71Ll 5gef Aq1 BZg d_aa;5 7lo+ ^^fEl
q.2a old 7F= -H.E gtrf*fol 6Oo/oE 718 EAI LfEfbloq, tfgoe. 7Jq+ 20.,/o,4g= 160/og
lflrl. ralLf E^uJoll,\l E+= ELHxlri= rH=Jp 1olooll r^l= zletr LfEfHrl_.
E^f E^l gd == ^l|=d ETlHl #7|.tr #^J FgF^l 6llH
Lt|trl Ee4 g^ltrf HolLltrl +4rl|trf el^rtrf -dzlalcl
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Chapter 2 ,*7l gq AflEA 55
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