LEITURA E REDAÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA

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LEITURA E REDAÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
1ª AULA
		1.
		Choose the correct alternative, consider reading concepts?
	
	
	Reading is considered , at a first glance, a concrete, observable task which employs certain functions and faculties proper to human beings in general.
		2.
		In relation to what is presented in your classes about literacy in second language , choose the alternative that is correct according to Kern
	
	
	
	Kern states that literacy in a second language involves a competence to interpret and critically evaluate a large variety of written and spoken texts in cultural, pragmatic and interactional contexts.
		3.
		A central idea for the definition of Reading refers to the perception that when you read something, it does not matter what, you build
	
	
	meaning
		4.
		When reading any text, you will not be expected to
	
	
	identify and understand what the writer was thinking at the moment of writing
		5.
		Reading can be described as
	
	
	a concrete observable task.
		6.
		►Choose the words which can complete the following sentence about literacy:
''It requires a broader discourse competence that involves the ability to ______ a wide variety of written and spoken texts."
	
	
	interpret and critically evaluate
		7.
		Assinale a alternativa INCORRETA:
	
	
	Um leitor proficiente precisa, apenas, saber decodificar os códigos lingüísticos para que possa atribuir significados à escrita.
		8.
		Readers should take some positions when reading, except.
	
	
	Readers should perform a passive role as they receiving the information.
2ª AULA
		1.
		Exemplification indicates a shift from a more general or abstract idea to a more specific or concrete idea. Mark the only option which does not present a transition with this meaning:
	
	
	
	It is true
		2.
		Which alternative does not correspond to the "bottom-up" process?
	
	
	
	Identify letters and words only to confirm their assumptions about the meaning of the text.
		3.
		Leia o texto proposto e marque a alternativa que responde a pergunta que o segue.
Ancient Beauty (From a news story by CNN San Francisco Reporter Don Knapp January 26, 2000
 Drue Kataoka's passion is a demanding two thousand-year-old Japanese art form called sumi-e. She says of the art form, "When you take the ink-loaded brush to paper, and you're waiting to release the brush stroke, you know it is final. The ink is indelible, you can't remove or take back anything." Kataoka saw her first sumi-e landscapes in a Tokyo museum when she was five and earned her master's signature stamp by the age of 17. Commenting on her sports' art featuring a crew team she says, "The rowers are abstracted into their most essential form, and are completely synchronized in their movement." You're not likely to find a traditional landscape in Kataoka's portfolio. She'd rather paint sports. She says, "What I was thinking about in this painting is the explosion of women in sports and what a positive thing that has been, for all of us." "Every time I paint a subject, I search for the underlying kinship, the swish of the brush, the swish of the hoop, the crack of the bat, the wailing gesture of the jazzman's horn." Kataoka loves music and loves to paint anything with music in it. But it was the sounds of history that inspired her painting of Stanford's commemorative poster of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. "I tried to distill sounds just beneath the black ink, and think of the tired feet marching towards freedom, the layered voice of call and response, the swelling of the spirituals, and all these sounds, and tried to put them into the brush strokes." Long before the brush meets the paper, Kataoka studies her subjects such as Stanford basketball star Kate Starbird. "I just tried to watch her, the reverse lay-up over and over again, on the footage, and in real life, then tried to create the brush strokes that had that same kind of motion, and release, and dynamism, to them." Tara Vanderveer is the Stanford women's basketball coach and she says of Kataoka's art, "People look at, like a Kate Starbird, and that was the move she made, and they remember it." Kataoka's commemorative posters have raised money for athletic scholarships and charities. At 21, this master sumi-e artist has her eyes on history, and leaves her artistic footprint in brushed black ink.
De acordo com o texto, podemos dizer que...
	
	
	Drue Kataoka uses an ancient painting technique.
		4.
		Leia o texto abaixoÇ Charlotte returned as a teacher from 1835 to 1838. In 1839 she took up the first of many positions as governess to various families in Yorkshire, a career she pursued until 1841. In 1842 she and Emily traveled to Brussels to enroll in a pensionnat run by Constantin Heger ( 1809-1896) and his wife Claire Zoé Parent Heger (1804-1890) Assinale a alternativa que classifica corretamente o tipo de texto:
	
	
	
	
	
	Narrativo
		5.
		Leia o texto proposto e responda a questão que o segue.
Much of the information we have today about chimpanzees comes from the groundbreaking, long-term research of the great conservationist, Jane Goodall. Jane Goodall was born in London, England, on April 3, 1934. On her second birthday, her father gave her a toy chimpanzee named Jubilee. Jubilee was named after a baby chimp in the London Zoo, and seemed to foretell the course Jane's life would take. To this day, Jubilee sits in a chair in Janes London home. From an early age, Jane was fascinated by animals and animal stories. By the age of 10, she was talking about going to Africa to live among the animals there. At the time, in the early 1940s, this was a radical idea because women did not go to Africa by themselves. As a young woman, Jane finished school in London, attended secretarial school, and then worked for a documentary filmmaker for a while. When a school friend invited her to visit Kenya, she worked as a waitress until she had earned the fare to travel there by boat. She was 23 years old. Once in Kenya, she met Dr. Louis Leakey, a famous paleontologist and anthropologist. He was impressed with her thorough knowledge of Africa and its wildlife, and hired her to assist him and his wife on a fossil-hunting expedition to Olduvai Gorge. Dr. Leakey soon realized that Jane was the perfect person to complete a study he had been planning for some time. She expressed her interest in the idea of studying animals by living in the wild with them, rather than studying dead animals through paleontology. Dr. Leakey and Jane began planning a study of a group of chimpanzees who were living on the shores of Lake Tanganyika in Kenya. /.../. One of the first significant observations that Jane made during the study was that chimpanzees make and use tools, much like humans do, to help them get food. It was previously thought that humans alone used tools. Also thanks to Jane¿s research, we now know that chimps eat meat as well as plants and fruits. In many ways, she has helped us to see how chimpanzees and humans are similar. In doing so, she has made us more sympathetic toward these creatures, while helping us to better understand ourselves. The study started by Jane Goodall in 1960 is now the longest field study of any animal species in their natural habitat. Research continues to this day in Gombe and is conducted by a team of trained Tanzanians.
Qual é o propósito do autor a escrever esse texto?
	
	
	to inform the reader of the importance of a wildlife conservationists's work
		6.
		Fictional texts are stories, so will have all the features of imaginative writing. The piece of text could be taken from a novel or short story. A key feature of these texts is:
	
	
	 
setting of the story (where it takes place) will be made clear early on in the passage
	
	 
		
	
		7.
		The purpose of argumentative writing is
	
	
	to make the audience accept an idea
		8.
		Classify the paragraph below: On one corner of my dresser sits a smiling toy clown ona tiny unicycle--a gift I received last Christmas from a close friend. The clown's short yellow hair, made of yarn, covers its ears but is parted above the eyes. The blue eyes are outlined in black with thin, dark lashes flowing from the brows. It has cherry-red cheeks, nose, and lips, and its broad grin disappears into the wide, white ruffle around its neck. The clown wears a fluffy, two-tone nylon costume. The left side of the outfit is light blue, and the right side is red. The two colors merge in a dark line that runs down the center of the small outfit. Surrounding its ankles and disguising its long black shoes are big pink bows. The white spokes on the wheels of the unicycle gather in the center and expand to the black tire so that the wheel somewhat resembles the inner half of a grapefruit. The clown and unicycle together stand about a foot high. As a cherished gift from my good friend Tran, this colorful figure greets me with a smile every time I enter my room.
	
	
	Desription
		1.
		Traffic Accidents
Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others. So the massacre on the road may be regarded as a social problem. Safety standards for vehicle have been raised both at the point of manufacture and through periodic road-worthiness inspections. In addition, speed limits have been lowered. Due to these measures, the accident rate has decreased. But the accident experts still worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave.
According to the passage, traffic accidents may be regarded as a social problem since ----.
	
	
	most of the accidents are caused by drivers who don't pay attention to the traffic rules
		2.
		Rembrandt self portrait
The auction house thought the portrait was a 17th century Rembrandt knockoff, and valued it at just $3,100. But the British buyer who paid about 1,500 times more than that apparently knew what he was doing. Experts have confirmed "Rembrandt Laughing" - bought for a bargain price of $4.5 million at an English auction house in October - is a self-portrait by the Dutch master himself, depicted with his head tilted back in easygoing laughter. 
William Noortman from Noortman Master Paintings, specializing in Dutch and Flemish masters, said it's worth $30 million to $40 million, adding: "I'm very surprised it didn't make more at auction." 
The 9 1/2-inch-by-6 1/2-inch painting will hang in the Rembrandt House Museum in Amsterdam through June 29, on loan from the anonymous Briton who bought it at the auction by Moore, Allen and Innocent in Gloucestershire and had it cleaned and examined by British experts. 
Art expert Jan Six from another auction house, Sotheby's, declined to put a new value on the painting. But he said the sale itself was a rare opportunity, as Rembrandt's works come on the market only once every few years. "A self-portrait by Rembrandt, that's absolutely unique ¿ not in my lifetime," Six said. 
Rembrandt made the self-portrait about 1628, when he was in his early 20s and still in his hometown, Leiden. Already he was earning his reputation as an artist, and experimenting with a mirror and his own face to capture expressions. 
 Why did the first auction house give the painting such a low value?
	
	
	
	They thought it was a fake.
		3.
		Choose the option which best completes the following definition about Reading: ¿Let´s consider that each reader owns knowledge and previous experiences which are employed to build new meanings when reading new texts. As a consequence, we can infer that when a group of people read a text, this reading may convey ----------------------------------------.
	
	
	different interpretations
		4.
		To describe an object, no matter abstract or concrete, the faculty of the mind to use is: (Para descrever um objeto, não importa se abstrato ou concreto, a habilidade mental usada é:)
	
	
	a. Observation and memory.
		5.
		The text type which is predominant in a recipe  is:
	
	
	instructive
		6.
		Whenever we talk about genres, we will be referring to classifications such as, EXCEPT:
	
	
	Narrative texts
		7.
		Leia o texto abaixo e assinale a alternativa que revela a principal razão para que se ensine inglês desde cedo nas escolas europeias.
"The use of English as a global tongue is booming. English has become part of the daily routine. It is not different in European nations! There, students as young as 7 are learning multiplication or discussing the weather in English. In one classroom, lists of songs that the first grade has already mastered include not only local German tunes but "Old McDonald" and "How are you doing this morning?" . Parents are delighted.  "It is something that you need", said Beatriz Caforeo, whose son, Andrea, goes to the school there. "Everywhere people are speaking English, not just abroad.  Throughout Europe, English is growing in use and acceptability. Beyond the schoolhouse here, European Universities, particularly in Northern Europe, are giving courses in science, philosophy and business in English."
	
	
	English is necessary all around the word
	
	 
		
	
		8.
		READ the following situation:
"Carolina is a very good reader. As she is always interested in a varied number of different subjects, we can say she is a better reader than others because she..."
	
	
	... owns knowledge and a lot of previous experiences.
3ª AULA
		1.
		It is important to know how to write a paragraph. Below you find certain rules you should follow in order to write a good paragraph and to know how to write term papers. EXCEPT FOR ONE. Choose the alternative that is WRONG:
	
	
	There is no need of being coherent and cohesive when writing a paragraph.
		2.
		READ the text below:
"Though the United States has spent billions of dollars on foreign aid programs, it has captured neither the affection nor esteem of the rest of the world. In many countries today Americans are cordially disliked; in others merely tolerated. The reasons for this sad state of affairs are many and varied, and some of them are beyond the control of anything this country might do to try to correct them. But harsh as it may seem to the ordinary citizen, filled as he is with good intentions and natural generosity, much of the foreigners' animosity has been generated by the way Americans behave."
(Adapted from: http://www.uefap.com/writing/exercise)
The topic sentences in the previous paragraph is (choose the right option):
	
	
	Though the United States has spent billions of dollars on foreign aid programs, it has captured neither the affection nor esteem of the rest of the world.
		3.
		Identify the topic sentences in the following paragraph.
"The maintenance of order in pre-state societies is rooted in a commonality of material interests. The greater the amount of common interests, the less need there is for law-and-order specialists. Among band-level cultures law and order stem directly from the relations between people and the natural habitat from which subsistence is derived. All adults usually have open access to this habitat: the rivers, lakes, beaches, oceans; all the plants and animals; the soil and the subsoil. In so far as these are basic to the extraction of life-sustaining energy and materials they are communal "property."
	
	
	The maintenance of order in pre-state societies is rooted in a commonality of material interests
		4.
		READ the text below:
"Anthropology is the study of humankind, especially of Homo sapiens, the biological species to which we human beings belong. It is the study of how our species evolved from more primitive organisms; it is also the study of how our species developed a mode of communication known as language and a mode of social life known as culture. It is the study of how culture evolved and diversified. And finally, it is the study of how culture, people, and nature interact wherever human beingsare found."
► Identify the topic sentences in the previous paragraph.
	
	
	Anthropology is the study of humankind.
		5.
		 
 Leia a seguinte passagem sobre as rotinas de Paulo Souza e de seu amigo Paul, escolhendo um dos verbos entre parênteses para completer cada sentença:
My name is Paulo Souza and I am a doctor. I work at a big hospital in Resende. I get up very early and I usually ( have/ has) a small breakfast. I eat fruit, bread, cheese and I generally drink coffee, but my friend Paul, who is an American, always ( have/has) bacon and eggs for breakfast. He ( eat/eats) bacon and eggs and ( drink/drinks) orange juice. After breakfast we go to work. Paul ( go/goes) downtown by subway. At midday, we stop for lunch. I try to eat healthy food but Paul ( do/does) not ( worry/worries) about that. He ( try/tries) to find a place where he can eat far food. Then, we go back to work and in the evening we go home. I never drink alcoholic drinks, but he (do/does). I go to bed by eleven but Paul always ( watch/ watches/ a good film before sleeping.
Assinale a alternativa cujos verbos completam corretamente as sentenças do texto.
	
	
	
	have/has/eats/drinks/goes/does/worry/tries/does/watches
		6.
		Mark the option which completes the following sentence: My father is very absent minded and always --------------his keys.
	
	
	forgets
		7.
		There are some basic uses of the simple present tense. We use it for, except:
	
	
	Non-habitual actions.
		8.
		READ the text below:
A quick tour through my house will convince you that I am an extremely messy person. In fact, some would say I'm a slob. Starting in my bedroom, you will see clothes tossed around as if thieves had just looted the place. T-shirts dangle from door knobs, socks sit balled up on top of the dresser, and blue jeans cover the floor like a drop cloth. A trail of shoes and sneakers leads you out of the bedroom and into the bathroom. There you will stand on a sopping towel and see a blow-dryer and a copy of Newsweek lying on the sink alongside an uncapped tube of Crest.
►Mark the option which presents the topic sentence of the previous text:
	
	
	A quick tour through my house will convince you that I am an extremely messy person.
4ª aula
		1.
		Leia o texto com atenção o anúncio e assinale a alternativa incorreta em relação ao que foi lido:
 (The New York Times) SECRETARY Leading architectural, engineering, and planning firm is seeking an entry-level secretary/receptionist for immediate replacement. Responsibilities include report preparation, correspondence, travel arrangements, and answering phones. The ideal candidate must have excellent client contact and organizational skills, as well as Microsoft Word and Excel. Bilingual (English/Spanish) a plus. Position offers a complete benefit package and salary is commensurate with experience. Please send/fax resume by November 11th to: STV/SILVER & ZISKIND 233 Park Avenue South New York, NY 10003 FAX: 212-473-2780 Attn: V. Hall For more information on STV, visit our Web site: http://www.stvinc.com/
 Mark the incorrect statement:
	
	
	The candidates should apply by e-mailing their resume.
		2.
		Leia o texto com atenção e assinale a razão apontada para o autor como sendo a responsável por manter a religião viva no coração humano. .
World Religions
 From the earliest known the evidence of human religion by Homo sapiens neanderthalensis around 100,000 years ago to the present day, religion continues to be a very influential aspect of human lives. Today, there are numerous challenges and problems faced by humans from every possible background, location and social class. Every day people must face issues of health, safety and mortality. It is because of these daily challenges that religion continues to exist. Religion is the universal tool for explaining things which we do not understand through the context the known physical world. Although there are countless religions, each different from the other, they all serve the same purpose. Each answers questions which all humans seem to be programmed to ask: Why are we here?
	
	
	Everyday challenges and problems faced by humans.
		3.
		Match each reading technique to its definition
1. Prediction (Predição)______
2. Visuals (Inferência visual)_______
3. Guessing (Adivinhar, deduzir, interpretar significados)_______
a. When you use this strategy, you are able to create hypotheses about the themes you are going to read about in the texts. Afterwards, when you read the texts, you can agree or modify your first impressions about them.
b. During the process of a text comprehension written in foreign language, the reader should try to understand all unknown words in the context they are employed. Then, we should consider: The text subject; everything the reader knows about the subject; grammatical relations.
c. Elements such as titles, dates, subtitles, illustrations, photos, diagrams, charts, bold types, quotation marks, different types of letters, etc. are important to help the reader to make inferences and logical deductions.
	
	
	1(a), 2(c), 3(b)
	
	
	
		4.
		Leia o texto com atenção e assinale a alternativa que explica o por que, de acordo com o mesmo texto, uma pessoa acima do peso se sente inferior perante a sociedade:
Fat Kids, Cruel World
By Lesley Kinzel | Newsweek Web Exclusive Apr 20, 2010
 After a decade of dieting, false hopes, and dead ends, I was out of options. I was an obese child, now assured of a life as an obese adult. The path I ultimately chose was self-acceptance. I chose to shed self-hatred and to respect myself, something I'd never done before. It was a long time coming; it didn't happen in a week or even a year. But I came to realize that it wasn't my fatness that made me hate exercise; it was the social expectations associated with being fat that did so. It wasn't my fatness that made me feel inferior to and isolated from people I met; it was the cultural ideology which dictated that fat people are lonely, miserable, and unloved.
 
	
	
	
	The cultural ideology which dictates that fat people are different and full of negative problems
		5.
		Leia com atenção a situação abaixo e relacione-a com a técnica de leitura a qual se assemelha, assinalando a respectiva opção: When you look for a number in a telephone directory, you do not read all the text. Instead, you prefer to hurry over the text until you find the information you want. When doing so, which reading subskill are you applying?
	
	
	scanning
		6.
		Leia o texto para responder a questão:
Missouri is called the "Show Me State," because its people have a reputation for believing only what they see. Its name is an Algonquin Indian term meaning "river of the big canoes." Originally home to a number of Indian tribes, the state entered the Union in 1821. Today, more than half the population lives in Missouri's two major cities--Kansas City and St. Louis. The dogwood is the state tree, the bluebird is the state bird and the capital is Jefferson City.
De acordo com o texto acima, marque a assertiva correta.
	
	
	Many of the Indian tribes used to live in Missouri .
		7.
		Sobre as atividades de pré- leitura, é correto afirmar que:
	
	
	They help students activate their background knowledge about important abilities, strategies and lexis which are going to be necessary in the text.
		8.
		Leia o texto abaixo e assinale a alternativa que explica por que "The legacy of environmental catastrophes is, instead, a hybrid of amnesia and habituation":
HOW QUICKLY WE FORGET
 OUR ADDICTION TO CHEAP ENERGY HAS A WAY OF CLOUDING MEMORIES OF EVEN THE MOST VIVID DISASTERS
By Sharon Begley | NEWSWEEK Published May 7, 2010
The legacy of environmental catastrophes is, instead, a hybrid of amnesia and habituation. That is, the public forgets more quickly now than in the past, and understands that no source of energy is risk-free. Coal kills miners, including the 25 in West Virginia last month. Natural-gas pipelinessometimes explode and occasionally kill, as in a 2000 accident that left 12 people dead in New Mexico. Nuclear reactors, despite industry assurances, will never be risk-free; no technology is. The "risks" of renewable such as wind and solar are higher energy prices, which too many people are less acceptable than the environmental and human costs of fossil fuel. "There has been a generational change in risk tolerance," says engineering professor Henry Petroski of Duke University, author of the 2010 book The Essential Engineer. "The public has become more familiar with the concept of risk, and the fact that it is ubiquitous. The bumper sticker S--T HAPPENS used to be a fringe phenomenon, but now it's mainstream: people have become resigned to risk."
	
	
	Our addiction to cheap energy made us too tolerant to the risks of energy production.
5ª aula
		1.
		Leia o texto com atenção e responda a questão proposta abaixo dele. GLOBAL WARMING Rising sea levels are driven by two things: the thermal expansion of sea water, and additional water from melting sources of ice. Both processes are caused by global warming. The ice sheet that sits atop Greenland, for example, contains enough water to raise world ocean levels by seven metres (23 feet), which would bury sea-level cities from Dhaka to Shanghai. Segundo o texto, o aumento nos níveis de água é especialmente perigoso para pequenas nações insulares e:
	
	
	
	
	
	b. all coastal cities.
		2.
		Qual das opções abaixo NÃO representa uma característica dos gêneros textuais?
	
	
	A specific verb tense
		3.
		READ the text below:
Enjoy an Enchanting Holiday in the Maldives. Scattered across the Indian Ocean lie islands with the finest white sand beaches and clearest crystal blue waters. These are the MALDIVES! Over 1,000 coral islands. Temperatures here are always in the 80s. What can our holiday offer you? Luxurious accommodation aboard the fabulous Orient Explorer. Water sports for the entire duration of your holiday. Drinks and entertainment included at no extra charge. Chauffeur-driven limousine to and from the airport. Combine this with another seven-night holiday in our opulent apartments at the Kelai Country Club. Prices start from just £899 per person.
https://is.muni.cz/el/1441/podzim2015/A2BP_PJ1A/um/35513232/Text_types.txt
 
► The purpose of the text above is:  
	
	
	
	
	
	To persuade
	
	 
		
	
		4.
		LOOK at the image below:
The image is an example of a recipe. Based on its structure, the text type which is predominant in it is (choose the right option):
	
	
	instructive
		5.
		When reading something, it helps to know what type of text it is. It also helps to know why it has been written.
►Which alternative DOES NOT correspond to the purpose of the text in each situation?
	
	
	
	A manual might try to persuade you to buy something.
		6.
		Which alternative DOES NOT suit an instructive text? Instructive texts sometimes:
	
	
	Use verbs in the past, placed at the beginning of the sentence, that tell you to do something;
		7.
		De acordo com o texto, assinale a alternativa que revela qual foi a maior descoberta do estudo em questão sobre o aquecimento global: The world's oceans have warmed 50 percent faster over the last 40 years than previously thought due to climate change, Australian and US climate researchers reported Wednesday. Higher ocean temperatures expand the volume of water, contributing to a rise in sea levels that is submerging small island nations and threatening to wreak havoc in low-lying, densely-populated delta regions around the globe. Trying to figure out how much each of these factors contributes to rising sea levels is critically important to understanding climate change, and forecasting future temperature rises, scientists say. Being so, new studies have been done in order to investigate the situation. A new study, led by Catia Domingues, of the Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, is the first to reconcile the models with observed data. Using new techniques to assess ocean temperatures to a depth of 700 metres (2,300 feet) from 1961 to 2003, it shows that thermal warming contributed to a 0.53 millimetre-per-year rise in sea levels rather than the 0.32 mm rise reported by the IPCC. According to the text, what was the main finding of the study?
	
	
	a. That ocean waters have warmed faster than scientists had previously thought.
		8.
		CONSIDER the following situation:
''Your course will start with an initial assessment in week 1, followed by a guided tour of the building.''
►The situation above is an example of (choose the right option):
	
	
	
	Informative text
6ª aula
		1.
		Mark the only option which is not true about metaphors
	
	
	Metaphors are only figures of speech
	
		2.
		Choose the best translation for the sentences below: Everyone had a good time at the ball.
	
	
	Todos se divertiram no baile.
		3.
		Mark the option with the right meaning of ´took off´ in the sentence ´The plane took off at 3:15`.
	
	
	took off means left the ground
		4.
		Escolha a alternativa em que a palavra em negrito (SUCH) dê à frase um sentido similar ao do exemplo do enunciado.
The service was so good we had to leave a tip.
SUCH
	
	
	
	It was such a good service we had to leave a tip.
		5.
		Read the sentence and choose the option which best completes the following sentence: If you think that doing this maths problem is a -------------, you just have to try it.
	
	
	
	piece of cake
		6.
		Mark the option which best translates the following sentence: I have to replace these batteries or my m.p.5 won´t work.
	
	
	Eu tenho que trocar as pilhas do meu m.p.5 ou ele não vai tocar.
		7.
		Read the following statement and mark the reason which justifies it: ¿ non-native speakers need not only to learn new vocabulary, but also be given guidance on the appropriate use of new words.
	
	
	that happens because for non-native speakers it is sometimes hard to find the right word for the right context
		8.
		Vocabulary can be either productive or receptive. Mark the only statement which can be considered true:
	
	
	a- Productive vocabulary is more used in the speaking and writing skills.
7ª aula
		1.
		Which line is considered informal in a letter or email?
	
	
	Great to hear from you again.
		2.
		Which of the endings is not proper for an informal letter:
	
	
	Yours truly
		3.
		Read the following statements and mark the only option which should not be considered when one decides to write a letter:
	
	
	disregard the letter degree of formality or informality
		4.
		Leia as expressões abaixo e classifique-as quanto ao uso formal ou informal em cartas e e-mails:.
1 - Madam   (________________________)
2 - My sweet Clara  (___________________________)
3 - See you soon  (___________________________)
4 - Yours sincerely (___________________________)
5- Dear Clara  (___________________________)
Assinale a alternativa correta:
	
	
	Formal - Informal - Informal - Formal - Informal
		5.
		Say which option does not complete the following statement: The art of writing a letter takes
	
	
	
	the full mastering of computing abilities
	
		6.
		Say which option is not a part of a letter
	
	
	the grammatical rules to be used
		7.
		What should NOT be done when writing an email or a letter?
	
	
	Closing an email: while there is no doubt that e-mail is more informal than a typed letter, greetings and closings are still important. When composing e-mail to senior management always use a more informal greeting. For example, use hi versus hello, or Liz versus Elizabeth. When communicating with senior management, you should also end the e-mail with a formal sign-off as well.
		8.
		Which line can be found at the beginning of a letter or email?
	
	
	I am writing in response to your advertisement in today's newspaper for an IT consultant.
8ª aula1.
		Mark the only word which does not follow the rule of the Latin prefix de with the meaning of away, off:
	
	
	
	defy
		2.
		A phrasal verb consists of two or three words that when used together have a different meaning from the individual words which form them. Mark the option which is a synonym of the phrasal verb in the following sentence:´ All the children in the room started to look for the chocolate rabbit`.
	
	
	search for
		3.
		Usando as regras gramaticais, escolha a frase que é gramaticalmente correta.
	
	
	John asked Peter why their father was angry.
		4.
		Leia atentamente as frases abaixo e escolha a que não tem um verbo auxiliar.
	
	
	A study shows a link between smoking and fertility problems.
		5.
		Choose the alternative in which the names match the concepts. (Escolha a alternativa em que os nomes se referem ao conceito apresentado.) ________________ are elements that may be added to the front or to the end of a root so as to form a new word, with a new meaning. A ________________ goes at the beginning of a word, whereas a ________________ goes at the end of a word.
	
	
	AFFIXES - PREFIX - SUFFIX
		6.
		Some verbs with multiple meanings are transitive or intransitive depending on their usage. Read the sentences about Sandra and choose the only one in which the verb ´run´ is intransitive:
	
	
	Nowadays she even has time to run along the beach every morning
		7.
		Mark the only option which characterizes suffixes:
	
	
	Refers to an attachment after the ending of existing words
		8.
		Marque a opção incorreta de acordo com o uso correto do prefixo UNDER.
	
	
	Undermistakable
9ª aula
		1.
		Which of the following connectors can imply the communicative function of ADDITION in connected dicourse?
	
	
	furthermore
		2.
		(in a fitting room) Daughter: Mom, what do you think about this dress?
Mom: Oh dear, I think that's too short for you. Would you try this? (showing another dress she is holding).
The type of cohesion used in the above example is:
 
	
	
	
	demonstrative
		.
		Choose the alternative that best suits the blanck space: (Escolha a alternativa que melhor preenche o espaço em branco.) The ________________ of a text deals with the grammatical links between words, sentences and paragraphs which form the text.
	
	
	cohesion
		4.
		Concession indicates a willingness to consider the other side. Mark the only option which does not present a transition with this meaning.
	
	
	To illustrate
		5.
		Sabemos que um texto deve ter características específicas para ser considerado eficiente. Pensando nisso, escolha a opção que melhor preenche o espaço em branco. The logical links between the ideas of a text guarantee its ________________.
	
	
	coherence
		6.
		In the sentence "But such children have to learn to look after themselves at an earlier age, and their parents often depend on them to help with the housework. So this teaches them important life skills" , the words `themselves, their, them' are used to avoid
	
	
	
	repetition
		7.
		There are some ways in which writers can link sentences together to form texts, except:
	
	
	
	Use a pro-form (e.g. pronoun) in the first sentence .
		8.
		Mark the option which describes the most natural and most common order of sentences in English:
	
	
	
	Subject-verb-object
10ª aula
	
		1.
		The key to a good paragraph is its topic sentence. Which of the following alternatives is NOT the function of a topic sentence?
	
	
	To substitute for a title to the paragraph.
		2.
		The order most often used in persuasive writing includes four steps, or parts. Choose the option which shows the appropriate order:
	
	
	position statement, clarifying remark, supporting sentences, concluding sentence.
		3.
		To achieve paragraph unity, a writer must ensure two things. They are _____ and _____.
	
	
	Topic sentence and control of the content to keep it coherent and cohesive.
		4.
		The following statement illustrate types of opinions that you can use as topics for argumentative writing: Choose the most appropriate item for the following statement: The band´s audition was very poor
	
	
	Opinion that evaluates
		5.
		Read the following sentence and choose the option which best completes it: An argument is a series of logically connected sentences that -----------
	
	
	state a position and present reasons to support it
		6.
		Which of the following is FALSE about irrelevant sentences in a passage?
	
	
	They support the passage's main idea.
		7.
		The term whether in Experts are questioning whether diet drinks could raise depression risk after a large study has found a link. introduces:
	
	
	a supposition.
		8.
		Identify the topic sentences in the following paragraph.
"Though the United States has spent billions of dollars on foreign aid programs, it has captured neither the affection nor esteem of the rest of the world. In many countries today Americans are cordially disliked; in others merely tolerated. The reasons for this sad state of affairs are many and varied, and some of them are beyond the control of anything this country might do to try to correct them. But harsh as it may seem to the ordinary citizen, filled as he is with good intentions and natural generosity, much of the foreigners' animosity has been generated by the way Americans behave."
	
	
	
	Though the United States has spent billions of dollars on foreign aid programs, it has captured neither the affection nor esteem of the rest of the world.