Jim LaGrone

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Practical Field Application of 
the Mysterious Dynamic Kill
Jim LaGrone, P.E.
Boots & Coots
Houston, Tx
IADC Well Control Conference –
 
Nov 2009
The DYNAMIC KILL
• 1st
 
Published by Blount/Soeiinah (Mobil)
• 1978 Dynamic Kill –
 
Arun Field Indonesia
– Flowing an estimated 300 MMscf/d [8.6Mm3/d]
• Identified the Additional Effect of ECD
– Turbulent Feature of Water
• Has been used extensively, whether 
known or not
• We are here to learn HOW to do it RIGHT
What is this about?
• We are not here to learn about all of the 
robust programs available to you
• We are here to learn how to KILL 
PLAIN and SIMPLE
• Problem with all SOFTWARE is…
INPUT
Garbage In/Garbage Out
What is IT (DK)?
• Increase FBHP to SBHP via
– Increasing hydrostatic head in the flow path
– Increase ECD via Friction of kill fluids
– Not Fracture the formation during the Kill
– Maintaining CONSTANT BHP once well is 
dead
We are essentially weighting up the gas!
Flow Rate = C x (SBHP2
 
–
 
FBHP2)
Inflow Performance Releationship
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00
Flowrate (MMscf/d)
FB
H
P 
(p
si
g)
Well Dead
AOF
IPR
Pore Pressure
Bottom Hole Pressure
DP CP
Static
BHP
Bottom Hole Pressure
DP
Flowing
BHP
Increasing the BHP
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200
Kill Fluid Volume (bbl)
B
H
P
 (
ps
i)
Kill Rate (BPM) 29.0
Mud Density (ppg) 13.5
SBHP
FBHP
When is the Right 
Time for a 
Dynamic Kill?
When to USE
• Anytime
• There are no negatives on when to use
• Limitation on tubulars
 
(Pump Pressure)
• When you SHOULD always use DK
– No surface pressure control
• Shallow Gas
• Surface Blowout
• No ability to choke well back
• Worried about breaking down formation
– And Having a Surface Broach
Diverted Well
Underground 
Blowout
The Dynamic Kill 
Pyramid
Kill Fluid 
Density
In
je
ct
io
n 
D
ep
th Kill Fluid 
Volume
Wellbore Geometry Blowout Flowrates
Kill Fluid 
Rate
The
Kill
Blowout ConstraintsControl Parameters
The Kill Pyramid
Kill Fluid 
Density
In
je
ct
io
n 
D
ep
th Kill Fluid 
Volume
The
Kill
Wellbore Geometry Blowout Flowrates
Kill Fluid 
Rate
Blowout ConstraintsControl Parameters
Est. Flow Rate - Gas
Gas Flowrate Estimated from Flame Height
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Gas Flowrate (MMscf/d)
Fl
a
m
e
 H
e
ig
h
t 
(f
t)
GPSA (Sec 5-18)
Est. Flow Rate - Oil
Oil Flowrate Estimated from Flame Height
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
0 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000
Oil Flowrate (BOPD)
Fl
a
m
e
 H
e
ig
h
t 
(f
t)
Hasemi and Tojunga
Diverted Well
Sensitivities
12ppg Mud Kill Rates
10 MMscf/d
15 MMscf/d
20 MMscf/d
30 MMscf/d
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 2,000 2,200
FBHP
K
il
l 
R
a
te
 (
B
P
M
)
`
∆42 
BPM
The Kill Pyramid
Kill Fluid 
Density
In
je
ct
io
n 
D
ep
th Kill Fluid 
Volume
The
Kill
Wellbore Geometry Blowout Flowrates
Kill Fluid 
Rate
Thresholds –
 
Fixed 
Kill Rate
Sensitivity - Fixed Kill Rate of 64 BPM
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
20,000
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Kill Mud Density (ppg)
K
il
l 
V
o
lu
m
e
 (
b
b
l)
Thresholds –
 
Fixed 
Density
Sensitivity - Fixed Density of 13.5 ppg (1.62 SG)
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Kill Rate (BPM)
K
il
l 
V
o
lu
m
e
 (
b
b
l)
Thresholds –
 
Fixed 
Volume
Sensitivity - Fixed Mud Volume of 2 Hole Volumes
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Kill Mud Density (ppg)
K
il
l 
R
a
te
 (
B
P
M
)
Changing the Rules
Inflow Performance
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Flowrate (MMscf/d)
Pr
es
su
re
 (p
si
)
Reservoir Performance
7" x 4-1/2" Annular Performance
7" Casing Performance
7" x 3-1/2 Annular Performance
300 PSI @ 6 BPM 7000 PSI @ 22 BPM
Kill Fluid
– Water
• Goes into Turbulence Quickly
• Cheap & Usually Plentiful
• Less Polluting
• High Fluid Leak-Off
• Can Increase Flow Path Area
– Drilling Mud
• Great Fluid Leak-Off Properties
• Can use Higher Densities (Pro/Con)
• Does not go into Turbulence as Quickly
After Kill
• Water as Kill Fluid
– Displace Water w/ Kill Weight Mud
• Use Weight/Wait method
• ECD’s
 
must be corrected for water-mud 
transition
• Monitor wellbore
– Cement or other remedial operations
Real World Rules
• 40% more HHP/pump rate capacity than 
simulated
– Don’t confuse HHP w/ Rate
• 100% more kill fluid volume than required
• Enough fuel for double the anticipated 
pumping time
• Start the dynamic kill job in the morning
• All data acquisition into a central control 
cabin (BPM, Pressure, Coms, Video, BHP)
• Only one person making the calls
Kill Spread
Relief Well Conduits
Surface Intervention
A B C D
THE End
Any Questions?
	Practical Field Application of the Mysterious Dynamic Kill
	The DYNAMIC KILL
	What is this about?
	What is IT (DK)?
	IPR
	Bottom Hole Pressure
	Bottom Hole Pressure
	Increasing the BHP
	When is the Right Time for a Dynamic Kill?
	When to USE
	Diverted Well
	Underground �Blowout
	The Dynamic Kill Pyramid
	The Kill Pyramid
	Est. Flow Rate - Gas
	Est. Flow Rate - Oil
	Diverted Well
	Sensitivities
	The Kill Pyramid
	Thresholds – Fixed Kill Rate
	Thresholds – Fixed Density
	Thresholds – Fixed Volume
	Changing the Rules
	Kill Fluid
	After Kill
	Real World Rules
	Kill Spread
	Relief Well Conduits
	Surface Intervention
	THE End
	Slide Number 31