ASTM A450 A450M - 18a

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Designation: A450/A450M − 18a
Standard Specification for
General Requirements for Carbon and Low Alloy Steel
Tubes1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A450/A450M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification2 covers a group of requirements
which, with the exceptions of 6.3 and Sections 7, 8, 19, 20, 21,
22, 23, 24, and 25, are mandatory requirements to the follow-
ing ASTM tubular product specifications:3
Title of Specification ASTM DesignationA
Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel and Carbon-
Manganese Steel Boiler Tubes
A178/A178M
Seamless Cold-Drawn Low-Carbon Steel Heat-
Exchanger and Condenser Tubes
A179/A179M
Seamless Carbon Steel Boiler Tubes for High-Pressure
Service
A192/A192M
Seamless Medium-Carbon Steel Boiler and Super-
heater Tubes
A210/A210M
Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel Heat-
Exchanger and Condenser Tubes
A214/A214M
Seamless and Electric-Welded Low-Alloy Steel Tubes A423/A423M
Specification for Seamless and Welded Carbon Steel
Heat-Exchanger Tubes with Integral Fins
A498/A498M
Seamless Cold-Drawn Carbon Steel Feedwater Heater
Tubes
A556/A556M
Seamless, Cold-Drawn Carbon Steel Tubing for Hy-
draulic System Service
A822/A822M
A These designations refer to the latest issue of the respective specifications.
1.2 One or more of Sections 6.3, 7, 8, 19, 20, 21, 22, 22.1,
24, and 25 apply when the product specification or purchase
order has a requirement for the test or analysis described by
these sections.
1.3 In case of conflict between a requirement of the product
specification and a requirement of this general requirement
specification only the requirement of the product specification
need be satisfied.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”
designation (SI) of the product specification is specified in the
order.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:4
A178/A178M Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded
Carbon Steel and Carbon-Manganese Steel Boiler and
Superheater Tubes
A179/A179M Specification for Seamless Cold-Drawn Low-
Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser Tubes
A192/A192M Specification for Seamless Carbon Steel
Boiler Tubes for High-Pressure Service
A210/A210M Specification for Seamless Medium-Carbon
Steel Boiler and Superheater Tubes
A214/A214M Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded
Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser Tubes
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
of Steel Products
A423/A423M Specification for Seamless and Electric-
Welded Low-Alloy Steel Tubes
A498/A498M Specification for Seamless and Welded Car-
bon Steel Heat-Exchanger Tubes with Integral Fins
A530/A530M Specification for General Requirements for
Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe
A556/A556M Specification for Seamless Cold-Drawn Car-
bon Steel Feedwater Heater Tubes
1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018. Published December 2018. Originally
approved in 1961. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as A450/A450M – 18.
DOI: 10.1520/A0450_A0450M-18A.
2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-
cation SA-450 in Section II of that Code.
3 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vols 01.01 and 01.04.
4 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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https://doi.org/10.1520/A0178_A0178M
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0178_A0178M
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0178_A0178M
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0179_A0179M
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0179_A0179M
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0192_A0192M
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0192_A0192M
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0210_A0210M
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0210_A0210M
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0214_A0214M
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0214_A0214M
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0370
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0370
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0423_A0423M
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0423_A0423M
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0498_A0498M
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0498_A0498M
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0530_A0530M
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0530_A0530M
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0556_A0556M
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0556_A0556M
http://www.astm.org/COMMIT/COMMITTEE/A01.htm
http://www.astm.org/COMMIT/SUBCOMMIT/A0109.htm
A700 Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods
for Steel Products for Shipment
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-
cal Analysis of Steel Products
A822/A822M Specification for Seamless Cold-Drawn Car-
bon Steel Tubing for Hydraulic System Service
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related
Alloys, and Ferroalloys
A1047/A1047M Test Method for Pneumatic Leak Testing of
Tubing
A1058 Test Methods for Mechanical Testing of Steel
Products—Metric
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
E92 Test Methods for Vickers Hardness and Knoop Hard-
ness of Metallic Materials
E213 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Metal Pipe and
Tubing
E273 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of the Weld Zone of
Welded Pipe and Tubing
E309 Practice for Eddy Current Examination of Steel Tubu-
lar Products Using Magnetic Saturation
E426 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Examina-
tion of Seamless and Welded Tubular Products, Titanium,
Austenitic Stainless Steel and Similar Alloys
E570 Practice for Flux Leakage Examination of Ferromag-
netic Steel Tubular Products
2.2 SAE Aerospace Material Specifications:
SAE-AMS2806 Identification Bars, Wire, Mechanical
Tubing, and Extrusions, Carbon and Alloy Steels and
Corrosion and Heat-Resistant Steels and Alloys5
2.3 Military Standards:
MIL-STD-792 Identification Marking Requirements for
Special Purpose Equipment6
NAVSEA T9074-AS-GIB-010/271 Requirements for Non-
destructive Testing Methods7
2.4 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:
Section IX8
2.5 Steel Structures Painting Council:
SSPC-SP 6 Surface Preparation Specification No. 6 Com-
mercial Blast Cleaning9
2.6 Other Document:
SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for NondestructivePersonnel Qualification and Certification.
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 remelted heat—in secondary melting, all of the ingots
remelted from a single primary heat.
3.1.2 thin-wall tube—a tube meeting the specified outside
diameter and specified wall thickness set forth as follows:
Specified Outside
Diameter
Specified Wall Thickness
2 in. [50.8 mm] or less 2 % or less of specified outside diameter
Greater than 2 in. [50.8 mm] 3 % or less of specified outside diameter
Any 0.020 in. [0.5 mm] or less
3.2 Other defined terms—The definitions in Test Methods
and Definitions A370, Test Methods, Practices, and Terminol-
ogy A751, and Terminology A941 are applicable to this
specification and to those listed in 1.1.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 It is the purchaser’s responsibility to specify in the
purchase order all ordering information necessary to purchase
the needed material. Examples of such information include, but
are not limited to, the following:
4.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
4.1.2 Specificiation number with grade or class, or both, as
applicable and year date,
4.1.3 Manufacture (hot-finished or cold-finished),
4.1.4 Size (outside diameter and minimum wall thickness),
4.1.5 Length (specific or random),
4.1.6 Choice of testing track from the options listed in Test
Methods A1058 when material is ordered to an M suffix (SI
units) product standard. If the choice of test track is not
specified in the order, then the default ASTM test track shall be
used as noted in Test Methods A1058.
4.1.7 Supplementary Requirements, and
4.1.8 Additional requirements.
5. Process
5.1 The steel may be made by any process.
5.2 If a specific type of melting is required by the purchaser,
it shall be as stated on the purchase order.
5.3 The primary melting may incorporate separate degas-
sing or refining and may be followed by secondary melting,
such as electroslag remelting or vacuum-arc remelting.
5.4 Steel may be cast in ingots or may be strand cast. When
steel of different grades is sequentially strand cast, identifica-
tion of the resultant transition material is required. The
producer shall remove the transition material by an established
procedure that positively separates the grades.
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 Samples for chemical analysis, and method of analysis
shall be in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and
Terminology A751.
6.2 Heat Analysis—If the heat analysis reported by the steel
producer is not sufficiently complete for conformance with the
heat analysis requirements of the applicable product specifica-
tion to be fully assessed, the manufacturer may complete the
assessment of conformance with such heat analysis require-
ments by using a product analysis for the specified elements
that were not reported by the steel producer, provided that
product analysis tolerances are not applied and the heat
analysis is not altered.
5 Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale,
PA 15096, http://www.sae.org.
6 Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.
7 Available from Naval Inventory Control Point, Code 1 Support Branch, 700
Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094.
8 Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
9 Available from Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC), 40 24th St., 6th Floor,
Pittsburgh, PA 15222-4656, http://www.sspc.org.
A450/A450M − 18a
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https://doi.org/10.1520/A0751
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0751
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0822_A0822M
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0822_A0822M
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0941
https://doi.org/10.1520/A0941
https://doi.org/10.1520/A1047_A1047M
https://doi.org/10.1520/A1047_A1047M
https://doi.org/10.1520/A1058
https://doi.org/10.1520/A1058
https://doi.org/10.1520/D3951
https://doi.org/10.1520/E0092
https://doi.org/10.1520/E0092
https://doi.org/10.1520/E0213
https://doi.org/10.1520/E0213
https://doi.org/10.1520/E0273
https://doi.org/10.1520/E0273
https://doi.org/10.1520/E0309
https://doi.org/10.1520/E0309
https://doi.org/10.1520/E0426
https://doi.org/10.1520/E0426
https://doi.org/10.1520/E0426
https://doi.org/10.1520/E0570
https://doi.org/10.1520/E0570
6.3 Product Analysis—Product analysis requirements and
options, if any, are contained in the product specification.
7. Tensile Properties
7.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as to
tensile properties prescribed in the individual specification.
7.2 The yield strength corresponding to a permanent offset
of 0.2 % of the gage length or to a total extension of 0.5 % of
the gage length under load shall be determined.
7.3 If the percentage of elongation of any test specimen is
less than that specified and any part of the fracture is more than
3⁄4 in. [19.0 mm] from the center of the gage length, as
indicated by scribe marks on the specimen before testing, a
retest shall be allowed.
8. Standard Weights
8.1 The calculated weight per unit length, based upon a
specified minimum wall thickness, shall be determined by the
following equation:
W 5 C~D 2 t!t (1)
where:
C = 10.69 [0.0246615],
W = weight, lb/ft [kg/m],
D = specified outside diameter, in. [mm], and
t = specified minimum wall thickness, in. [mm]
8.2 The permissible variations from the calculated weight
per foot [kilogram per metre] shall be as prescribed in Table 1.
9. Permissible Variations in Wall Thickness
9.1 Variations from the specified minimum wall thickness
shall not exceed the amounts prescribed in Table 2.
9.2 For tubes 2 in. [50.8 mm] and over in outside diameter
and 0.220 in. [5.6 mm] and over in thickness, the variation in
wall thickness in any one cross section of any one tube shall
not exceed the following percentage of the actual mean wall at
the section. The actual mean wall is defined as the average of
the thickest and thinnest wall in that section.
Seamless tubes 610 %
Welded tubes 65 %
9.3 When cold-finished tubes as ordered require wall thick-
nesses 3⁄4 in. [19.1 mm] or over, or an inside diameter 60 % or
less of the outside diameter, the permissible variations in wall
thickness for hot-finished tubes shall apply.
10. Permissible Variations in Outside Diameter
10.1 Except as provided in 10.2, variations from the speci-
fied outside diameter shall not exceed the amounts prescribed
in Table 3.
10.2 Thin-wall tubes usually develop significant ovality (out
of roundness) during final annealing, or straightening, or both.
The diameter tolerances of Table 3 are not sufficient to provide
for additional ovality expected in thin-wall tubes, and, for such
tubes, are applicable only to the mean of the extreme (maxi-
mum and minimum) outside diameter readings in any one cross
section. However, for thin wall tubes the difference in extreme
outside diameter readings (ovality) in any one cross section
shall not exceed the following ovality allowances:
Outside Diameter Ovality Allowance
1 in. [25.4 mm] and under 0.020 in. [0.5 mm]
Over 1 in. [25.4 mm] 2.0 % of specified outside diameter
TABLE 1 Permissible Variations in Weight Per Unit LengthA
Method of Manufacture
Permissible Variation in Weight
per Unit Length, %
Over Under
Seamless, hot-finished
Seamless, cold-finished:
16 0
11⁄2 in. [38.1 mm] and under OD 12 0
Over 11⁄2 in. [38.1 mm] OD 13 0
Welded 10 0
A These permissible variations in weight apply to lots of 50 tubes or more in sizes
4 in. [101.6 mm] and under in outside diameter, and to lots of 20 tubes or more in
sizes over 4 in. [101.6 mm] in outside diameter.
TABLE 2 Permissible Variations in Wall ThicknessAOutside
Diameter,
in. [mm]
Wall Thickness, %
0.095
[2.4]
and
Under
Over
0.095
to 0.150
[2.4 to
3.8], incl
Over 0.150
to 0.180
[3.8 to
4.6], incl
Over
0.180,
[4.6]
Over Under Over Under Over Under Over Under
Seamless, Hot-Finished Tubes
4 [101.6] and 40 0 35 0 33 0 28 0
under
Over 4 ... ... 35 0 33 0 28 0
[101.6]
Seamless, Cold-Finished Tubes
Over Under
11⁄2 [38.1] and 20 0
under
Over 11⁄2 [38.1] 22 0
Welded Tubes
All sizes 18 0
A These permissible variations in wall thickness apply only to tubes, except
internal-upset tubes, as rolled or cold-finished, and before swaging, expanding,
bending, polishing, or other fabricating operations.
TABLE 3 Permissible Variations in Outside DiameterA
Outside Diameter,
in. [mm]
Permissible Variations, in. [mm]
Over Under
Hot-Finished Seamless Tubes
4 [101.6] and under 1⁄64 [0.4] 1⁄32 [0.8]
Over 4 to 71⁄2 [101.6 to 190.5], incl 1⁄64 [0.4] 3⁄64 [1.2]
Over 71⁄2 to 9 [190.5 to 228.6], incl 1⁄64 [0.4] 1⁄16 [1.6]
Welded Tubes and Cold-Finished Seamless Tubes
Under 1 [25.4] 0.004 [0.1] 0.004 [0.1]
1 to 11⁄2 [25.4 to 38.1], incl 0.006 [0.15] 0.006 [0.15]
Over 11⁄2 to 2 [38.1 to 50.8], excl 0.008 [0.2] 0.008 [0.2]
2 to 21⁄2 [50.8 to 63.5], excl 0.010 [0.25] 0.010 [0.25]
21⁄2 to 3 [63.5 to 76.2], excl 0.012 [0.3] 0.012 [0.3]
3 to 4 [76.2 to 101.6], incl 0.015 [0.38] 0.015 [0.38]
Over 4 to 71⁄2 [101.6 to 190.5], incl 0.015 [0.38] 0.025 [0.64]
Over 71⁄2 to 9 [190.5 to 228.6], incl 0.015 [0.38] 0.045 [1.14]
A Except as provided in 10.2, these permissible variations include out-of-
roundness. These permissible variations in outside diameter apply to hot-finished
seamless, welded and cold-finished seamless tubes before other fabricating
operations such as upsetting, swaging, expanding, bending, or polishing.
A450/A450M − 18a
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11. Permissible Variations in Length
11.1 Variations from the specified length shall not exceed
the amounts prescribed in Table 4.
12. Permissible Variations in Height of Flash on Electric-
Resistance-Welded Tubes
12.1 For tubes over 2 in. [50.8 mm] in outside diameter, or
over 0.135 in. [3.44 mm] in wall thickness, the flash on the
inside of the tubes shall be mechanically removed by cutting to
a maximum height of 0.010 in. [0.25 mm] at any point on the
tube.
12.2 For tubes 2 in. [50.8 mm] and under in outside
diameter and 0.135 in. [3.4 mm] and under in wall thickness,
the flash on the inside of the tube shall be mechanically
removed by cutting to a maximum height of 0.006 in. [0.15
mm] at any point on the tube.
13. Straightness and Finish
13.1 Finished tubes shall be reasonably straight and have
smooth ends free of burrs. They shall have a workmanlike
finish. Surface imperfections (see Note 1) may be removed by
grinding, provided that a smooth curved surface is maintained,
and the wall thickness is not decreased to less than that
permitted by this or the product specification. The outside
diameter at the point of grinding may be reduced by the amount
so removed.
NOTE 1—An imperfection is any discontinuity or irregularity found in
the tube.
14. Repair by Welding
14.1 Repair welding of base metal defects in tubing is
permissible only with the approval of the purchaser and with
the further understanding that the tube shall be marked “WR”
and the composition of the deposited filler metal shall be
suitable for the composition being welded. Defects shall be
thoroughly chipped or ground out before welding and each
repaired length shall be reheat treated or stress relieved as
required by the applicable specification. Each length of re-
paired tube shall be tested hydrostatically as required by the
product specification.
14.2 Repair welding shall be performed using procedures
and welders or welding operators that have been qualified in
accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
Section IX.
15. Retests
15.1 If the results of the mechanical tests of any group or lot
do not conform to the requirements specified in the individual
specification, retests may be made on additional tubes of
double the original number from the same group or lot, each of
which shall conform to the requirements specified.
16. Retreatment
16.1 If the individual tubes or the tubes selected to represent
any group or lot fail to conform to the test requirements, the
individual tubes or the group or lot represented may be
retreated and resubmitted for test. Not more than two reheat
treatments shall be permitted.
17. Test Specimens
17.1 Test specimens shall be taken from the ends of finished
tubes prior to upsetting, swaging, expanding, or other forming
operations, or being cut to length. They shall be smooth on the
ends and free of burrs and flaws.
17.2 If any test specimen shows flaws or defective
machining, it may be discarded and another specimen substi-
tuted.
18. Method of Mechanical Testing
18.1 The specimens and mechanical tests required shall be
made in accordance with Annex A2 of Test Methods and
Definitions A370 if inch-pound units are specified or to the
requirements described in the applicable track of Test Methods
A1058 if SI units are specified.
18.2 Specimens shall be tested at room temperature.
18.3 Small or subsize specimens as described in Test
Methods and Definitions A370 or Test Methods A1058 may be
used only when there is insufficient material to prepare one of
the standard specimens. When using small or subsize
specimens, the largest one possible shall be used.
19. Flattening Test
19.1 A section of tube not less than 2 1⁄2 in. [63 mm] in
length for seamless and not less than 4 in. [100 mm] in length
for welded shall be flattened cold between parallel plates in two
steps. For welded tubes, the weld shall be placed 90° from the
direction of the applied force (at a point of maximum bending).
During the first step, which is a test for ductility, no cracks or
breaks, except as provided for in 19.4, on the inside, outside, or
end surfaces shall occur in seamless tubes, or on the inside or
outside surfaces of welded tubes, until the distance between the
plates is less than the value of H calculated by the following
equation:
H 5
~11e!t
e1t/D
(2)
where:
H = distance between flattening plates, in. [mm],
t = specified wall thickness of the tube, in. [mm],
D = specified outside diameter of the tube, in. [mm], and
TABLE 4 Permissible Variations in LengthA
Method of
Manufacture
Outside
Diameter,
in. [mm]
Cut Length,
in. [mm]
Over Under
Seamless, hot-finished All sizes 3⁄16 [5] 0 [0]
Seamless, cold-
finished
Under 2 [50.8]
2 [50.8] and over
1⁄8 [3]
3⁄16 [5]
0 [0]
0 [0]
Welded Under 2 [50.8]
2 [50.8] and over
1⁄8 [3]
3⁄16 [5]
0 [0]
0 [0]
A These permissible variations in length apply to tubes before bending. They apply
to cut lengths up to and including 24 ft [7.3 m]. For lengths greater than 24 ft [7.3
m], the above over-tolerances shall be increased by 1⁄8 in. [3 mm] for each 10 ft [3
m] or fraction thereof over 24 ft or 1⁄2 in. [13 mm], whichever is the lesser.
A450/A450M − 18a
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e = deformation per unit length (constant for a given grade
of steel: 0.07 for medium-carbon steel (maximum
specified carbon 0.19 % or greater), 0.08 for low alloy
steel, and 0.09 for low-carbon steel (maximum speci-
fied carbon 0.18 % or less)).
During the second step, which is a test for soundness, the
flattening shall be continued until the specimen breaks or the
opposite walls of the tube meet. Evidence of laminated or
unsound material, or of incomplete weld that is revealed during
the entire flattening test shall be cause for rejection.
19.2Surface imperfections in the test specimens before
flattening, but revealed during the first step of the flattening
test, shall be judged in accordance with the finish requirements.
19.3 Superficial ruptures resulting from surface imperfec-
tions shall not be cause for rejection.
19.4 When low D-to-t ratio tubular products are tested,
because the strain imposed due to geometry is unreasonably
high on the inside surface at the six and twelve o’clock
locations, cracks at these locations shall not be cause for
rejection if the D to t ratio is less than 10.
20. Reverse Flattening Test
20.1 A 5 in. [100 mm] in length of finished welded tubing in
sizes down to and including 1⁄2 in. [12.7 mm] in outside
diameter shall be split longitudinally 90° on each side of the
weld and the sample opened and flattened with the weld at the
point of maximum bend. There shall be no evidence of cracks
or lack of penetration or overlaps resulting from flash removal
in the weld.
21. Flaring Test
21.1 A section of tube approximately 4 in. [100 mm] in
length shall stand being flared with a tool having a 60° included
angle until the tube at the mouth of the flare has been expanded
to the percentages specified in Table 5 without cracking or
showing imperfections rejectable under the provisions of the
product specification.
22. Flange Test
22.1 A section of tube shall be capable of having a flange
turned over at a right angle to the body of the tube without
cracking or showing imperfections rejectable under the provi-
sions of the product specification. The width of the flange for
carbon and alloy steels shall be not less than the percentages
specified in Table 6.
23. Hardness Test
23.1 For tubes 0.200 in. [5.1 mm] and over in wall
thickness, either the Brinell or Rockwell hardness test shall be
used. When Brinell hardness testing is used, a 10-mm ball with
3000, 1500, or 500-kg load, or a 5-mm ball with 750-kg load
may be used, at the option of the manufacturer.
23.2 For tubes less than 0.200 in. [5.1 mm] to and including
0.065 in. [1.7 mm] in wall thickness, the Rockwell hardness
test shall be used.
23.3 For tubes less than 0.065 in. [1.7 mm] in wall
thickness, the hardness test shall not be required.
23.4 The Brinell hardness test may be made on the outside
of the tube near the end, on the outside of a specimen cut from
the tube, or on the wall cross section of a specimen cut from the
tube at the option of the manufacturer. This test shall be made
so that the distance from the center of the impression to the
edge of the specimen is at least 2.5 times the diameter of the
impression.
23.5 The Rockwell hardness test may be made on the inside
surface, on the wall cross section, or on a flat on the outside
surface at the option of the manufacturer.
23.6 For tubes furnished with upset, swaged, or otherwise
formed ends, the hardness test shall be made as prescribed in
23.1 and 23.2 on the outside of the tube near the end after the
forming operation and heat treatment.
23.7 For welded or brazed tubes, the hardness test shall be
made away from the joints.
23.8 When the product specification provides for Vickers
hardness, such testing shall be in accordance with Test Method
E92.
24. Hydrostatic Test
24.1 Except as provided in 24.2 and 24.3, each tube shall be
tested by the manufacturer to a minimum hydrostatic test
pressure determined by the following equation:
Inch 2 Pound Units:P 5 32000 t/D (3)
SI Units:P 5 220.6t/D
where:
P = hydrostatic test pressure, psi or MPa,
t = specified wall thickness, in. or mm, and
D = specified outside diameter, in. or mm.
TABLE 5 Flaring Test Requirements
Ratio of Inside
Diameter to Outside
DiameterA
Minimum Expansion of Inside
Diameter, %
Carbon Steels Low
Alloy Steels
0.9 21 15
0.8 22 17
0.7 25 19
0.6 30 23
0.5 39 28
0.4 51 38
0.3 68 50
A In determining the ratio of inside diameter to specified outside diameter, the
inside diameter shall be defined as the actual mean inside diameter of the material
tested.
TABLE 6 Flange Requirements
Outside Diameter of Tube, in. [mm] Width of Flange
To 21⁄2 [63.5], incl 15 % of OD
Over 21⁄2 to 33⁄4 [63.5 to 95.2], incl 121⁄2 % of OD
Over 33⁄4 to 8 [95.2 to 203.2], incl 10 % of OD
A450/A450M − 18a
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24.1.1 The hydrostatic test pressure determined by Eq 3
shall be rounded to the nearest 50 psi [0.5 MPa] for pressure
below 1000 psi [7 MPa], and to the nearest 100 psi [1 MPa] for
pressures 1000 psi [7 MPa] and above. The hydrostatic test
may be performed prior to cutting to final length, or prior to
upsetting, swaging, expanding, bending or other forming
operations, or both.
24.2 Regardless of the determination made by Eq 3, the
minimum hydrostatic test pressure required to satisfy these
requirements need not exceed the values given in Table 7. This
does not prohibit testing at higher pressures at manufacturer’s
option or as provided in 24.3.
24.3 With concurrence of the manufacturer, a minimum
hydrostatic test pressure in excess of the requirements of 24.2
or 24.1, or both, may be stated on the order. The tube wall
stress shall be determined by the following equation:
S 5 PD/2t (4)
where:
S = tube wall stress, psi or MPa, and all other symbols as
defined in 24.1.1.
24.4 The test pressure shall be held for a minimum of 5 s.
24.5 If any tube shows leaks during the hydrostatic test, it
shall be rejected.
24.6 The hydrostatic test may not be capable of testing the
end portion of the pipe. The lengths of pipe that cannot be
tested shall be determined by the manufacturer and, when
specified in the purchase order, reported to the purchaser.
25. Air Pressure Test
25.1 Air Underwater Test—When this test is employed,
each tube, with internal surface clean and dry, shall be
internally pressurized to 150 psi [1000 kPa] minimum with
clean and dry compressed air while being submerged in clear
water. The tube shall be well-lighted, preferably by underwater
illumination. Any evidence of air leakage of the pneumatic
couplings shall be corrected prior to testing. Inspection shall be
made of the entire external surface of the tube after holding the
pressure for not less than 5 s after the surface of the water has
become calm. If any tube shows leakage during the air
underwater test, it shall be rejected. Any leaking areas may be
cut out and the tube retested.
25.2 Pneumatic Leak Test—When this test is employed,
each tube shall be subjected to a pneumatic leak test in
accordance with Specification A1047/A1047M.
Acceptance criteria shall be as follows:
Tube O.D. in [mm] Calibration Hole, max. in [mm]
#1.5 [#40] 0.003 [0.076]
>1.5#2.0 [>40#50] 0.004 [0.162]
>2.0#2.5 [>50#65] 0.005 [0.127]
>2.5#3.0 [>65#75] 0.006 [0.152]
>3.0 [>75] by agreement
26. Nondestructive Examination
26.1 When nondestructive examination is specified by the
purchaser or the product specification, each tube shall be
examined by a nondestructive examination method in accor-
dance with Practice E213, Practice E309 (for ferromagnetic
materials), Practice E426 (for non-magnetic materials), or
Practice E570. Upon agreement, Practice E273 shall be em-
ployed in addition to one of the full periphery tests. The range
of tube sizes that may be examined by each method shall be
subject to the limitations in the scope of that practice. In case
of conflict between these methods and practices and this
specification, the requirements of this specification shall pre-
vail.
26.2 The following information is for the benefit of the user
of this specification.
26.2.1 Calibration standards for the nondestructive electric
test are convenient standards for calibration of nondestructive
testing equipment only. For several reasons, including shape,
orientation, width, etc., the correlation between the signal
produced in the electric test from animperfection and from
calibration standards is only approximate. A purchaser inter-
ested in ascertaining the nature (type, size, location, and
orientation) of discontinuities that can be detected in the
specific application of these examinations should discuss this
with the manufacturer of the tubular product.
26.2.2 The ultrasonic examination referred to in this speci-
fication is intended to detect longitudinal discontinuities having
a reflective area similar to or larger than the calibration
reference notches specified in 26.4. The examination may not
detect circumferentially oriented imperfections or short, deep
defects.
26.2.3 The eddy current examination referenced in this
specification has the capability of detecting significant
discontinuities, especially of the short abrupt type. Practices
E309 and E426 contain additional information regarding the
capabilities and limitations of eddy-current examination.
26.2.4 The flux leakage examination referred to in this
specification is capable of detecting the presence and location
of significant longitudinally or transversely oriented disconti-
nuities. The provisions of this specification only provide for
longitudinal calibration for flux leakage. It should be recog-
nized that different techniques should be employed to detect
differently oriented imperfections.
26.2.5 The hydrostatic test referred to in Section 23 is a test
method provided for in many product specifications. This test
has the capability of finding defects of a size permitting the test
fluid to leak through the tube wall and may be either visually
seen or detected by a loss of pressure. This test may not detect
very tight, through-the-wall defects or defects that extend an
appreciable distance into the wall without complete penetra-
tion.
26.2.6 A purchaser interested in ascertaining the nature
(type, size, location, and orientation) of discontinuities that can
TABLE 7 Hydrostatic Test Pressures
Outside Diameter of Tube, in. [mm]
Hydrostatic Test Pressure, psi [MPa]
Under 1 [25.4] 1000 [7]
1 to 11⁄2 [25.4 to 38.1], excl 1500 [10]
11⁄2 to 2 [38.1 to 50.8], excl 2000 [14]
2 to 3 [50.8 to 76.2], excl 2500 [17]
3 to 5 [76.2 to 127], excl 3500 [24]
5 [127] and over 4500 [31]
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be detected in the specific application of these examinations
should discuss this with the manufacturer of the tubular
products.
26.3 Time of Examination—Nondestructive examination for
specification acceptance shall be performed after all deforma-
tion processing, heat treating, welding, and straightening op-
erations. This requirement does not preclude additional testing
at earlier stages in the processing.
26.4 Surface Condition:
26.4.1 All surfaces shall be free of scale, dirt, grease, paint,
or other foreign material that could interfere with interpretation
of test results. The methods used for cleaning and preparing the
surfaces for examination shall not be detrimental to the base
metal or the surface finish.
26.4.2 Excessive surface roughness or deep scratches can
produce signals that interfere with the test.
26.5 Extent of Examination:
26.5.1 The relative motion of the tube and the transducer(s),
coil(s), or sensor(s) shall be such that the entire tube surface is
scanned, except for end effects as noted in 26.5.2.
26.5.2 The existence of end effects is recognized, and the
extent of such effects shall be determined by the manufacturer,
and, if requested, shall be reported to the purchaser. Other
nondestructive tests may be applied to the end areas, subject to
agreement between the purchaser and the manufacturer.
26.6 Operator Qualifications:
26.6.1 The test unit operator shall be certified in accordance
with SNT-TC-1A, or an equivalent documented standard
agreeable to both purchaser and manufacturer.
26.7 Test Conditions:
26.7.1 For examination by the ultrasonic method, the mini-
mum nominal transducer frequency shall be 2.0 MHz, and the
maximum transducer size shall be 1.5 in. [38 mm].
26.7.2 For eddy current testing, the excitation coil fre-
quency shall be chosen to ensure adequate penetration, yet
provide good signal-to-noise ratio.
26.7.2.1 The maximum coil frequency shall be:
Specified Wall Thickness Maximum Frequency
<0.050 in. 100 KHz
0.050 to 0.150 50
>0.150 10
26.8 Reference Standards:
26.8.1 Reference standards of convenient length shall be
prepared from a length of tube of the same grade, specified size
(outside diameter and wall thickness), surface finish and heat
treatment condition as the tubing to be examined.
26.8.2 For eddy current testing, the reference standard shall
contain, at the option of the manufacturer, any one of the
following discontinuities:
26.8.2.1 Drilled Hole—The reference standard shall contain
three or more holes, equally spaced circumferentially around
the tube and longitudinally separated by a sufficient distance to
allow distinct identification of the signal from each hole. The
holes shall be drilled radially and completely through the tube
wall, with care being taken to avoid distortion of the tube while
drilling. The holes shall not be larger than 0.031 in. [0.8 mm]
in diameter. As an alternative, the producer may choose to drill
one hole and run the calibration standard through the test coil
three times, rotating the tube approximately 120° each time.
More passes with smaller angular increments may be used,
provided testing of the full 360° of the coil is obtained. For
welded tubing, if the weld is visible, one of the multiple holes
or the single hole shall be drilled in the weld.
26.8.2.2 Transverse Tangential Notch—Using a round tool
or file with a 1⁄4 in. [6.4 mm] diameter, a notch shall be milled
or filed tangential to the surface and transverse to the longitu-
dinal axis of the tube. Said notch shall have a depth not
exceeding 121⁄2 % of the specified wall thickness of the tube or
0.004 in. [0.1 mm], whichever is greater.
26.8.2.3 Longitudinal Notch—A notch 0.031 in. [0.8 mm] or
less in width shall be machined in a radial plane parallel to the
tube axis on the outside surface of the tube, to have a depth not
exceeding 121⁄2 % of the specified wall thickness of the tube or
0.004 in. [0.1 mm], whichever is greater. The length of the
notch shall be compatible with the testing method.
26.8.3 For ultrasonic testing, the reference ID and OD
notches shall be any one of the three common notch shapes
shown in Practice E213, at the option of the manufacturer. The
depth of the notches shall not exceed 121⁄2 % of the specified
wall thickness of the tube or 0.004 in. [0.1 mm], whichever is
greater. The width of the notch shall not exceed two times the
depth. For welded tubing, the notches shall be placed in the
weld, if the weld is visible.
26.8.4 For flux leakage testing, the longitudinal reference
notches shall be straight-sided notches machined in a radial
plane parallel to the tube axis on the inside and outside surfaces
of the tube. Notch depth shall not exceed 121⁄2 % of the
specified wall thickness or 0.004 in. [0.1 mm], whichever is
greater. Notch length shall not exceed 1 in. [25.4 mm], and the
width shall not exceed the depth. Outside and inside notches
shall have sufficient separation to allow distinct identification
of the signal from each notch.
26.8.5 More or smaller reference discontinuities, or both,
may be used by agreement between the purchaser and the
manufacturer.
26.9 Standardization Procedure:
26.9.1 The test apparatus shall be standardized at the
beginning and end of each series of tubes of the same specified
size (diameter and wall thickness), grade and heat treatment
condition, and at intervals not exceeding 4 h during the
examination of such tubing. More frequent standardizations
may be performed at the manufacturer’s option or may be
required uponagreement between the purchaser and the
manufacturer.
26.9.2 The test apparatus shall also be standardized after
any change in test system settings, change of operator, equip-
ment repair, or interruption due to power loss or shutdown.
26.9.3 The reference standard shall be passed through the
test apparatus at the same speed and test system settings as the
tube to be tested, except that, at the manufacturer’s discretion,
the tubes may be tested at a higher sensitivity.
26.9.4 The signal-to-noise ratio for the reference standard
shall be 2.5:1 or greater, and the reference signal amplitude for
each discontinuity shall be at least 50 % of full scale of the
display. In establishing the noise level, extraneous signals from
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identifiable surface imperfections on the reference standard
may be ignored. When reject filtering is used during UT
testing, linearity must be demonstrated.
26.9.5 If, upon any standardization, the reference signal
amplitude has decreased by 29 % (3.0 dB), the test apparatus
shall be considered out of standardization. The test system
settings may be changed, or the transducer(s), coil(s), or
sensor(s) adjusted, and the unit restandardized, but all tubes
tested since the last acceptable standardization must be re-
tested.
26.10 Evaluation of Imperfections:
26.10.1 Tubing producing a test signal to or greater than the
lowest signal produced by the reference standard shall be
designated suspect, shall be clearly marked or identified, and
shall be separated from the acceptable tubing.
26.10.2 Such suspect tubing shall be subject to one of the
following three dispositions:
26.10.2.1 The tubes may be rejected without further
examination, at the discretion of the manufacturer.
26.10.2.2 If the test signal was produced by imperfections
such as scratches, surface roughness, dings, straightener marks,
loose ID bead and cutting chips, steel die stamps, stop marks,
tube reducer ripple, or chattered flash trim, the tubing may be
accepted or rejected depending on visual observation of the
severity of the imperfection, the type of signal it produces on
the testing equipment used, or both.
26.10.2.3 If the test signal was produced by imperfections
which cannot be identified, or was produced by cracks or
crack-like imperfections, the tubing shall be rejected.
26.10.3 Any tubes with imperfections of the types in
26.10.2.2 and 26.10.2.3, exceeding 0.004 in. [0.1 mm] or
121⁄2 % of the specified minimum wall thickness (whichever is
greater) in depth shall be rejected.
26.10.4 Rejected tubes may be reconditioned and retested
providing the wall thickness is not decreased to less than that
required by this or the product specification. If grinding is
performed, the outside diameter in the area of grinding may be
reduced by the amount so removed. To be accepted, recondi-
tioned tubes must pass the nondestructive examination by
which they were originally rejected.
27. Test Report
27.1 The producer or supplier shall furnish a test report
stating that the material was manufactured, sampled, tested and
inspected in accordance with the specification, including year
date, the supplementary requirements, and any other require-
ments designated in the purchase order or contract, and that the
results met the requirements of that specification, the supple-
mentary requirements and the other requirements. A signature
or notarization is not required on the test report, but the
document shall be dated and shall clearly identify the organi-
zation submitting the report. Notwithstanding the absence of a
signature or notarization, the organization submitting the report
is responsible for the contents of the report.
27.2 In addition, the test report shall include the following
information and test results, when applicable:
27.2.1 Heat Number,
27.2.2 Heat Analysis,
27.2.3 Product Analysis, when specified,
27.2.4 Tensile Properties,
27.2.5 Width of the gage length, when longitudinal strip
tension test specimens are used,
27.2.6 Flattening Test acceptable,
27.2.7 Reverse Flattening Test acceptable,
27.2.8 Flaring Test acceptable,
27.2.9 Flange Test acceptable,
27.2.10 Hardness Test values,
27.2.11 Hydrostatic Test pressure,
27.2.12 Non-destructive Electric Test method,
27.2.13 Impact Test results, and
27.2.14 Other test results or information required to be
reported by the product specification.
27.3 Test results or information required to be reported by
supplementary requirements, or other requirements designated
in the purchase order or contract shall be reported, but may be
reported in a separate document.
27.4 The test report shall include a statement of explanation
for the letter added to the specification number marked on the
tubes (see 30.2), when all of the requirements of the specifi-
cation have not been completed. The purchaser must certify
that all requirements of the specification have been completed
before removal of the letter (that is, X, Y, or Z).
27.5 A test report, certificate of compliance, or similar
document printed from or used in electronic form from an
electronic data interchange (EDI) transmission shall be re-
garded as having the same validity as a counterpart printed in
the certifier’s facility. The content of the EDI transmitted
document shall meet the requirements of the invoked ASTM
standard(s) and conform to any existing EDI agreement be-
tween the purchaser and supplier. Notwithstanding the absence
of a signature, the organization submitting the EDI transmis-
sion is responsible for the content of the report.
28. Inspection
28.1 The inspector representing the purchaser shall have
entry at all times while work on the contract of the purchaser
is being performed, to all parts of the manufacturer’s works
that concern the manufacture of the material ordered. The
manufacturer shall afford the inspector all reasonable facilities
to satisfy him that the material is being furnished in accordance
with this specification. All required tests and inspection shall
be made at the place of manufacture prior to shipment, unless
otherwise specified, and shall be conducted so as not to
interfere unnecessarily with the operation of the works.
29. Rejection
29.1 Each length of tubing received from the manufacturer
may be inspected by the purchaser and, if it does not meet the
requirements of the specification based on the inspection and
test method as outlined in the specification, the length may be
rejected and the manufacturer shall be notified. Disposition of
rejected tubing shall be a matter of agreement between the
manufacturer and the purchaser.
29.2 Material that fails in any of the forming operations or
in the process of installation and is found to be defective shall
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be set aside and the manufacturer shall be notified for mutual
evaluation of the material’s suitability. Disposition of such
material shall be a matter for agreement.
30. Product Marking
30.1 Each length of tube shall be legibly stenciled with the
manufacturers’s name or brand, the specification number, and
grade. The marking need not include the year date of the
specification. For tubes less than 11⁄4 in. [31.8 mm] in diameter
and tubes under 3 ft [1 m] in length, the required information
may be marked on a tag securely attached to the bundle or box
in which the tubes are shipped.
30.2 When it is specified that certain requirements of a
specification adopted by the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Committee are to be completed by the purchaser upon receipt
of the material, the manufacturershall indicate that all require-
ments of the specification have not been completed by a letter
such as X, Y, or Z, immediately following the specification
number. This letter may be removed after completion of all
requirements in accordance with the specification. An expla-
nation of specification requirements to be completed is pro-
vided in Section 27.
30.3 Bar Coding—In addition to the requirements in 30.1
and 30.2, bar coding is acceptable as a supplemental identifi-
cation method. The purchaser may specifiy in the order a
specific bar coding system to be used.
31. Packaging, Marking, and Loading
31.1 When specified on the purchase order, packaging,
marking, and loading for shipment shall be in accordance with
the procedures of Practices A700.
32. Government Procurement
32.1 Scale Free Pipe:
32.1.1 When specified in the contract or order, the following
requirements shall be considered in the inquiry contract or
order, for agencies of the U.S. Government where scale free
tube is required. These requirements shall take precedence if
there is a conflict between these requirements and the product
specification.
32.1.2 Tube shall be ordered to outside diameter (OD) and
wall thickness.
32.1.3 Responsibility for Inspection—Unless otherwise
specified in the contract or purchase order, the manufacturer is
responsible for the performance of all inspection and test
requirements specified. The absence of any inspection require-
ments in the specification shall not relieve the contractor of the
responsibility for ensuring that all products or supplies submit-
ted to the Government for acceptance comply with all require-
ments of the contract. Sampling inspection, as part of the
manufacturing operations, is an acceptable practice to ascertain
conformance to requirements, however, this does not authorize
submission of known defective material, either indicated or
actual, nor does it commit the Government to accept the
material. Except as otherwise specified in the contract or
purchase order, the manufacturer may use his own or any other
suitable facilities for the performance of the inspection and test
requirements unless disapproved by the purchaser at the time
the order is placed. The purchaser shall have the right to
perform any of the inspections and tests set forth when such
inspections and tests are deemed necessary to ensure that the
material conforms to the prescribed requirements.
32.1.4 Sampling for Flattening and Flaring Test and for
Visual and Dimensional Examination—Minimum sampling for
flattening and flaring tests and visual and dimensional exami-
nation shall be as follows:
Lot Size (pieces per
lot)
Sample Size
2 to 8 Entire lot
9 to 90 8
91 to 150 12
151 to 280 19
281 to 500 21
501 to 1200 27
1201 to 3200 35
3201 to 10 000 38
10 001 to 35 000 46
In all cases, the acceptance number is zero and the rejection
number is one. Rejected lots may be screened and resubmitted
for visual and dimensional examination. All defective items
shall be replaced with acceptable items prior to lot acceptance
32.1.5 Sampling for Chemical Analysis—One sample for
chemical analysis shall be selected from each of two tubes
chosen from each lot. A lot shall be all material poured from
one heat.
32.1.6 Sampling for Tension and Bend Test—One sample
shall be taken from each lot. A lot shall consist of all tube of the
same outside diameter and wall thickness manufactured during
an 8-h shift from the same heat of steel, and heat treated under
the same conditions of temperature and time in a single charge
in a batch type furnace, or heat treated under the same
condition in a continuous furnace, and presented for inspection
at the same time.
32.1.7 Hydrostatic and Ultrasonic Tests—Each tube shall be
tested by the ultrasonic (when specified) and hydrostatic tests.
32.1.8 Tube shall be free from heavy oxide or scale. The
internal surface of hot finished ferritic steel tube shall be
pickled or blast cleaned to a free of scale condition equivalent
to the CSa2 visual standard listed in SSPC-SP6. Cleaning shall
be performed in accordance with a written procedure that has
been shown to be effective. This procedure shall be available
for audit.
32.1.9 In addition to the marking in Specification A530/
A530M, each length of tube 1⁄4 in. outside diameter and larger
shall be marked with the following listed information. Marking
shall be in accordance with SAE-AMS2806 and MIL-STD-
792. (a) Outside diameter, wall thickness, and length (b) Heat
or lot identification number.
32.1.10 Tube shall be straight to within the tolerances
specified in Table 8:
32.1.11 When specified, each tube shall be ultrasonically
examined in accordance with NAVSEA T9074-AS-GIB-010/
271, except that the notch depth in the calibration standard
shall be 5 % of the wall thickness or 0.005 in., whichever is
greater. Any tube which produces an indication equal to or
greater than 100 % of the indication from the calibration
standard shall be rejected.
32.1.12 The tube shall be free from repair welds, welded
joints, laps, laminations, seams, visible cracks, tears, grooves,
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slivers, pits, and other imperfections detrimental to the tube as
determined by visual and ultrasonic examination, or alternate
tests, as specified.
32.1.13 Tube shall be uniform in quality and condition and
have a finish conforming to the best practice for standard
quality tubing. Surface imperfections such as handling marks,
straightening marks, light mandrel and die marks, shallow pits,
and scale pattern will not be considered injurious if the
imperfections are removable within the tolerances specified for
wall thickness or 0.005 in., whichever is greater. The bottom of
imperfections shall be visible and the profile shall be rounded
and faired-in.
32.1.14 No weld repair by the manufacturer is permitted.
32.1.15 Packaging, marking, and loading shall be in accor-
dance with Practices A700 or Practice D3951.
33. Keywords
33.1 alloy steel tube; austenitic stainless steel; carbon steel
tube; general delivery; stainless steel tube; steel tube
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A450/A450M – 18, which may impact the use of this specification. (Approved Nov. 1, 2018)
(1) Changed the name of 2.2 from Federal Standard to SAE
Aerospace Material Specification. Also in 2.2 deleted discon-
tinued Fed. Std. 183 canceled August 2005, added in exchange
the replacement standard SAE-AMS2806.
(2) In 2.3, deleted discontinued standard MIL-STD-163 can-
celed February 2008.
(3) In 2.3, deleted discontinued standard MIL-STD-271 can-
celed May 1998, added replacement standard NAVSEA T9074-
AS-GIB-010/271.
(4) In 32.1.9, deleted reference to Fed. Std. 183 and added
reference to SAE-AMS2806.
(5) In 32.1.11, deleted reference to MIL-STD-271 and added
reference to NAVSEA T9074-AS-GIB-010/271.
(6) In 32.1.15, deleted reference to MIL-STD-163 and lan-
guage unique to that specification.
Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A450/A450M – 15, which may impact the use of this specification. (Approved Sept. 1, 2018)
(1) Deleted 4.1.6 and renumbered subsequent subparagraphs.
(2) Revised 27.1 to make providing a material test report
(which includes a certification of compliance statement) man-
datory.
ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned
in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
This standard is subject to revision at anytime by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and
if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
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TABLE 8 Straightness Tolerances
Specified OD (in.)
Specified Wall
Thickness (in.)
Maximum
Curvature in Any 3
ft (in.)
Maximum
Curvature in Total
Length (in.)
Up to 5.0, incl Over 3 % OD to
0.5, incl
0.030 0.010 × length, ft
Over 5.0 to 8.0,
incl
Over 4 % OD to
0.75, incl
0.045 0.015 × length, ft
Over 8.0 to 12.75,
incl.
Over 4 % OD to
1.0, incl
0.060 0.020 × length, ft
A450/A450M − 18a
10
 
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