Leitura etnopsicologica do segredo

13\u2009Remeto,\u2009para\u2009uma\u2009discussão\u2009mais\u2009aprofundada\u2009sobre\u2009essa\u2009crítica,\u2009à\u2009minha\u2009contribuição\u2009em\u2009La 
guerre des psys:\u2009\u201cO\u2009segredo\u2009é\u2009uma\u2009dimensão\u2009política\u2009da\u2009terapia\u201d\u2009(DESPRET,\u20092006).\u2009Além\u2009disso,\u2009
poderiam\u2009me\u2009censurar\u2009por\u2009confundir\u2009segredo\u2009e\u2009anonimato:\u2009o\u2009episódio\u2009relatado\u2009mais\u2009acima\u2009ilustra\u2009
a\u2009maneira\u2009como\u2009essa\u2009ligação\u2009pode\u2009ser\u2009construída:\u2009não\u2009há\u2009segredo\u2009senão\u2009no\u2009anonimato;\u2009apenas\u2009o\u2009
anonimato,\u2009nesse\u2009quadro,\u2009\u201cpreserva\u201d\u2009(em\u2009princípio)\u2009o\u2009segredo,\u2009uma\u2009vez\u2009que\u2009o\u2009caso\u2009é\u2009apresentado\u2009
de\u2009maneira\u2009suficientemente\u2009clara\u2009para\u2009ser\u2009 reconhecido\u2009pela\u2009paciente.\u2009Veremos\u2009um\u2009pouco\u2009mais\u2009
adiante como esses dois termos podem ser articulados de outras maneiras. 
14\u2009Cada\u2009um\u2009desses\u2009autores\u2009mostra\u2009que\u2009o\u2009segredo\u2009responde\u2009de\u2009fato\u2009a\u2009uma\u2009multiplicidade\u2009de\u2009questões,\u2009
o\u2009que\u2009conduz\u2009Penneff\u2009 (2005,\u2009p.\u2009154)\u2009 a\u2009 falar\u2009preferencialmente\u2009de\u2009\u201csegredos\u2009médicos\u201d:\u2009 \u201cUma\u2009
tradição\u2009 incontornável\u2009 \u2013\u2009 a\u2009 da\u2009 confidencialidade\u2009médica\u2009 \u2013\u2009 [mas,\u2009 que\u2009 o\u2009 autor\u2009 vai\u2009 rapidamente\u2009
mostrar\u2009a\u2009facilidade\u2009com\u2009a\u2009qual\u2009ela\u2009sempre\u2009foi\u2009alegremente\u2009contornada\u2009na\u2009indiferença\u2009geral]\u2009se\u2009
transforma,\u2009então,\u2009implicitamente\u2009em\u2009solução\u2009paliativa\u2009face\u2009aos\u2009novos\u2009problemas\u201d.
15\u2009Na\u2009 hipnose,\u2009 segundo\u2009Borch-Jakobsen,\u2009 o\u2009 pacto\u2009 de\u2009 ignorância\u2009 toma\u2009 a\u2009 forma\u2009 de\u2009 uma\u2009 demanda\u2009
inconsciente\u2009que\u2009traduz\u2009o\u2009fato\u2009de\u2009o\u2009terapeuta\u2009pedir\u2009ao\u2009paciente\u2009para\u2009ignorar\u2009a\u2009demanda.\u2009No\u2009quadro\u2009
da\u2009psicologia\u2009experimental,\u2009poderemos\u2009evocar\u2009um\u2009pacto\u2009de\u2009dupla\u2009 ignorância:\u2009o\u2009cientista\u2009pede\u2009
ao\u2009sujeito\u2009para\u2009ignorar\u2009aquilo\u2009sobre\u2009o\u2009que\u2009trata\u2009a\u2009experiência;\u2009o\u2009sujeito,\u2009muito\u2009freqüentemente,\u2009
não\u2009ignora,\u2009mas\u2009compreende\u2009implicitamente\u2009o\u2009que\u2009o\u2009cientista\u2009lhe\u2009pede\u2009para\u2009\u201cfazer\u2009parecer\u201d\u2009que\u2009
ignora.\u2009O\u2009que\u2009leva\u2009o\u2009cientista\u2009a\u2009ignorar\u2009que\u2009seu\u2009sujeito\u2009não\u2009ignora.\u2009Como\u2009nos\u2009disseram\u2009nossos\u2009
sujeitos\u2009durante\u2009uma\u2009experiência\u2009de\u2009psicologia\u2009que\u2009conduzimos\u2009com\u2009Isabelle\u2009Stengers:\u2009\u201cJamais\u2009
acreditamos\u2009 que\u2009 vocês\u2009 iriam\u2009 acreditar\u2009 que\u2009 nós\u2009 acreditaríamos\u2009 naquilo\u2009 que\u2009 vocês\u2009 disseram\u201d.\u2009
Essa\u2009experiência\u2009 foi\u2009o\u2009objeto\u2009de\u2009um\u2009curto\u2009documentário\u2009 retomando\u2009os\u2009diversos\u2009momentos\u2009do\u2009
procedimento,\u2009inclusive\u2009as\u2009entrevistas\u2009(DEMORCY;\u2009DESPRET;\u2009STENGERS,\u20091999).
16\u2009A\u2009fim\u2009de\u2009lembrar,\u2009a\u2009experiência\u2009de\u2009Milgram\u2009(1975)\u2009consistia\u2009em\u2009fazer\u2009os\u2009sujeitos\u2009acreditarem\u2009que\u2009
eles\u2009deviam\u2009eletrocutar\u2009outras\u2009pessoas\u2009em\u2009uma\u2009experiência\u2009de\u2009aprendizagem.\u2009Ler\u2009a\u2009apaixonante\u2009
pesquisa\u2009 conduzida\u2009 junto\u2009 aos\u2009 sujeitos\u2009 da\u2009 experiência,\u2009 40\u2009 anos\u2009 depois,\u2009 por\u2009 Ian\u2009 Parker\u2009 (2000),\u2009
descobrindo\u2009para\u2009sua\u2009grande\u2009perplexidade\u2009que\u2009muitos\u2009desses\u2009sujeitos\u2009haviam\u2009compreendido\u2009que\u2009
deviam\u2009participar\u2009de\u2009uma\u2009espécie\u2009de\u2009jogos\u2009de\u2009papéis,\u2009e\u2009\u201cpelo\u2009bem\u2009da\u2009ciência\u201d\u2009não\u2009haviam\u2009deixado\u2009
nada transparecer.
17\u2009Essa\u2009hipótese\u2009já\u2009havia\u2009sido\u2009formulada\u2009pelo\u2009psicólogo\u2009Carl\u2009Stumpf,\u2009colega\u2009de\u2009Pfungst,\u2009em\u2009uma\u2009
primeira\u2009pesquisa.\u2009O\u2009fato\u2009de\u2009Stumpf\u2009ter\u2009conduzido\u2009pesquisas\u2009a\u2009respeito\u2009de\u2009hipnose,\u2009não\u2009é\u2009sem\u2009
dúvida\u2009estranho\u2009a\u2009essa\u2009intuição.\u2009
18\u2009Poderíamos\u2009 evidentemente\u2009 considerar\u2009 para\u2009 dar\u2009 conta\u2009 do\u2009 contraste,\u2009 aquilo\u2009 que\u2009 propõe\u2009Mikkel\u2009
Borch-Jakobsen\u2009(2006b):\u2009quando\u2009se\u2009trata\u2009de\u2009objetos\u2009simples\u2009como\u2009os\u2009comportamentos\u2009próximos\u2009
das\u2009atividades\u2009perceptivas\u2009ou\u2009do\u2009reflexo,\u2009isto\u2009é,\u2009de\u2009atividades\u2009que\u2009escapam\u2009à\u2009vontade\u2009de\u2009sujeitos,\u2009
o\u2009experimentador\u2009poderia\u2009se\u2009sentir\u2009liberto\u2009das\u2009ameaças\u2009das\u2009expectativas.\u2009A\u2009maneira\u2009como\u2009Pfungst\u2009
distribui\u2009a\u2009opacidade\u2009e\u2009a\u2009visibilidade\u2009de\u2009suas\u2009experiências,\u2009da\u2009qual\u2009Wundt\u2009considera\u2009o\u2009problema,\u2009
Leitura\u2009etnopsicológica\u2009do\u2009segredo
Fractal:\u2009 Revista\u2009 de\u2009 Psicologia,\u2009 v.\u2009 23\u2009 \u2013\u2009 n.\u2009 1,\u2009 p.\u2009 5-28,\u2009 Jan./Abr.\u2009 2011\u2009 \u2009 \u2009 \u2009 \u2009 \u2009 \u2009 \u2009 \u2009 27
me\u2009parecem\u2009responder\u2009a\u2009outras\u2009questões.
19\u2009As\u2009informações\u2009a\u2009respeito\u2009da\u2009prática\u2009de\u2009Wundt\u2009são\u2009provenientes\u2009de\u2009Kurt\u2009Danziger,\u2009Constructing 
the Subject.\u2009Cambridge\u2009:\u2009Cambridge\u2009University\u2009Press,\u20091990.
20\u2009Reencontraremos\u2009aqui\u2009a\u2009influência\u2009de\u2009William\u2009James\u2009(1998)\u2009e\u2009de\u2009seu\u2009pragmatismo.
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