aula introdutória desenho artístico final

Prévia do material em texto

Desenho Artístico e Figura Humana 
Profa.: Ingrid Brasil 
!"#$"% &#% '"()&#% *+,-&#.% &% /&0)&%
12(*+&% '"(% # 3$&% &45"'&% $*%
&4#"06*78&%/23$*$&#*%$"%/3"+,#'*#%"%
*0,#'*#%92"%'"+'*0*(%0")0"#"+':;<&=%%
%
>+3/3*<("+'".% *#% 0")0"#"+'*7?"#%
@&0*(%@"3'*#%3+#,+,6*("+'"=%%
%
!")&3#.% @"A;#"% 2#&% /0"#/"+'"% $"%
)0&)&07?"#%(*'"(:,/*#.%1*0(&+3*%"%
)"0#)"/,6*=%
%
B% C&0)&% 12(*+&% @&3% "+'8&% $363$3$&%
"(%#"7?"#%&2%2+3$*$"#%$"%("$3$*=%%
D*%E+,-23$*$".%&#%"-F)/3&#%"%&#%-0"-&#%,+1*(%$3@"0"+'"#%/G+&+"#%
$"%4"<"A*%"%$"%)*$0?"#%"#'H,/&#%/&(%4*#"%+&#%3+$3/*$&0"#%$"%
)0&)&07?"#%/&0)&0*3#=%
%
Egito 
E%/*4"7*%H%63#'*%$"%)"0I<.%&#%
&(40&#% "% 42#'&% #8&% 63#'&#%
$"% @0"+'".% "% *%)*0'"% 3+@"03&0%
$&% /&0)&% H% (&#'0*$*% "(%
)"0I<=%
E% I-20*% @&3% 3+/<2F$*% "(% 2(*%
-0*$"%/&()&#'*%)&0%92*$0*$&#.%
0"#2<'*+$&% "(% 2(% /&0)&%
("$3+$&%JK%92*$0*$&#=%%
B#% -0"-&#% *+,-&#% 3+6"+'*0*(% 2(% (H'&$&% "+-"+1&#&% )*0*% ("$30% *%
*<'20*%$&%/&0)&%12(*+&=%L<"#%2#*6*(%&%/&()03("+'&%$*%/*4"7*%/&(&%
2+3$*$"% $"%("$3$*% "% /&+'*6*(% 92*+'*#% 6"A"#% "##*% 2+3$*$"% /*43*% +*%
*<'20*% '&'*<%$&% /&0)&=%D*%H)&/*%$*%M0H/3*%C<:##3/*%"%$*%N"+*#/"+7*.%&%
+O("0&% 3$"*<% $"% 6"A"#% "0*% &3'&.% "% "##"% "0*% &% )*$08&% $*% )0&)&078&%
)"0@"3'*=%
!&0F@&0&%
P&<3/<"'&.%"#/2<'&0%"%*0923'"'&%-0"-&.%
/&+#'0232% )&0% 6&<'*% $"% QRS% *=C=% 2(%
(&$"<&% $"% 4"<"A*% 4*#"*$&% "(%
$3("+#?"#% /&0)&0*3#% #2)&#'*("+'"%
$3'*#% /&(&% 3$"*3#% ("$3*+'"% *%
/&(43+*78&%$"%#"-("+'&#%/&0)&0*3#%
)"0'"+/"+'"#% *% TU% $3@"0"+'"#%
1&("+#=% !"##*% 3+3/3*,6*% 0"#2<'&2% &%
!&0F@&0&.%2,<3A*$&%)"<&#%*0,#'*#.%)&0%
# H / 2 < & # . % / &( &% ( & $ " < &% $ "%
) 0&)&0/ 3&+* < 3$*$"% $&% /&0)&%
12(*+&=%
V3/1"<*+-"<&% WJQXR;JRYQZ%
3+#)30&2;#"% +*% 0"-0*% $"%
P&<3/<"'&%)*0*%"#/2<)30%!*63$=%
E%/*4"7*%H%*%2+3$*$"%4:#3/*%$"%
("$3$*.% "% *% I-20*% ("$"% #"'"%
2+3$*$"#%"%("3*=%
[3#3)&% W>\% *=% C=Z.% )3+'&0% "%
" # / 2 < ' & 0 . % 0 " * < 3 A & 2%
'0*+#@&0(*7?"#% +&% /G+&+"%
)0&)&#'&% )&0% P&<3/<"'&=% ]"A% &%
/&0)&% 12(*+&% 4*#"*$&% "(%
/*4"7*#% ("+&0"#=% ^&0+*+$&%
&#% /&0)&#%(*3#% "+_2'&#=% `"2#%
(&$"<&#% -*+1*0*(% *#)"/'&%
(*3#%"#,<3A*$&=%%
[3#3)&% 0"$2A32% &% '*(*+1&% $*%
/*4"7*% )*0*% 2(% &3'*6&% $*%
*<'20*%'&'*<%$&%/&0)&=%%
\3'0O63&.%#H/=%>%*=C=%P0&)?"%2(%#3#'"(*%$"%("$3$*#%3$"*3#%
)*0*%&%/&0)&a%
%
bE/&+'"/"% 92"% &% 2(43-&% H.% +*'20*<("+'".% &% /"+'0&% $&%
/&0)&c% /&(% "@"3'&.% #"% 2(% 1&("(% #"% )2#"0% $"3'*$&% $"%
/&#'*#%/&(%*#%(8&#%"%&#%)H#%"#'"+$3$&#%"%/&<&/*0(&#%2(%
/"+'0&% $"% /&()*##&% +&% #"2% 2(43-&.% $"#/0"6"+$&% 2(*%
/30/2+@"0d+/3*.%#"08&%'&/*$&#%)"<*%<3+1*%/206*%&#%$"$&#%$"%
92*<92"0%2(*%$*#%(8&#%&2%$&#%)H#=b%
%
E% &40*.% /&(&% (23'*#% &2'0*#%
$"#"+6&<63$*#% +&% )"0F&$&% $&%
0"+*#/3("+'&% @&3% @&0(2<*$*%
* ' 0 * 6H #% $ *% *) < 3 / * 7 8&% $ *%
P0&)&078&%EO0"*%ef%g%J.YJKh=%
ij(%#"-("+'&%$"%0"'*%"#':%
$363$3$&%$"%*/&0$&%/&(%*%#"78&%
:20"*%92*+$&%H%/&()&#'&%$"%
$2*#%)*0'"#%$"#3-2*3#.%$*#%
92*3#.%*%(*3&0%"#':%)*0*%*%
("+&0%*##3(%/&(&%&%'&$&%"#':%
)*0*%*%(*3&0k%
L##*%)0&)&078&%@&3%*)"0@"37&*$*%)&0%["&+*0$&%
$*%\3+/3%*&%$"#"+1*0%&%l&("(%\3'0263*+&.%
JQmS=%
L##"% (H'&$&% $"%
("$378&% *3+$*% H%
2#*$&% 1&5"% "(%
$3*=%
Instrumentos e materiais de desenho: 
 
Utilização e manutenção 
 grafite 
 
 
L+/&+'0*$&% "(% 6:03*#% *)0"#"+'*7?"#% n% 4*00*#.%
<:)3#.%(3+*#%"%)o=%%
P&$";#"%$"#"+1*0%/&(%-0*I'"%"(%92*#"%'&$*#%*#%
#2)"0p/3"#.% "% #2*% +*'20"A*% &<"&#*% '&0+*;#"%
4*#'*+'"% )"0(*+"+'"=% D8&% )0"/3#*% $"% +"+12(*%
I_*78&%I+*<===%%
L(% )*)"<.% *)0"#"+'*% 2(% *#)"/'&% #2*6"% "%
*6"<2$*$&%92*+$&%*)<3/*$&%*%(*+"30*%$"%-03#dq.%
&2% 3+'"+#&% "% *-2$&% 92*+$&% #"% )0"##3&+*% #2*%
)&+'*%#&40"%&%)*)"<=%%
E#% $3@"0"+'"#% 3+'"+#3$*$"#%
$"% '0*7&% )&##343<3'*$*#% )"<*%
(3+*% $"% -0*I'"% $")"+$"(%
$"%#2*%$20"A*=%B#%<:)3#%"%*#%
(3+*#% #8&% /<*##3I/*$&#%
#"-2+$&% &% -0*2% $"% $20"A*.%
"_)0"##&% )&0% ("3&% $"%
+O("0&#%"%<"'0*#=%%
!"#"!$%&"n%%$20*=%%%
'"#"'%$(&")*"'+$,-";%(*/3&%&2%)0"'&=%%
%!'"#"!$%&.'%$(&;%$20"A*%(H$3*%%
%
P* 0*% &% $" #"+1&% * 0r #,/&%
*/&+#"<1*(;#"% &#% -0*I'"#%
(*/3&#.%92"%68&%$&%ls%t#%-*(*#%
(*3#%*<'*#%$&%s=%B#%)"0'"+/"+'"#%
t% -*(*% $&#% l.% (*3#% $20&#.%
$"#,+*(;#"%*&%$"#"+1&%'H/+3/&=%%
u% )&##F6"<% /03*0% -0*$*7?"#%
/&+r+2*#% /&(% <:)3#% (*/3&#% "%
$")&3#% "#4*'"0% &#% '0*7&#% /&(% &#%
$"$&#% &2% /&(% &% "#@2(3+1&% )*0*%
&4'"0%2(%"@"3'&%(*3#%$3@2#&=%
%
%
u% 2(% /*+2$3+1&% $"% )*)"<%
"#)&+5&#&% /&(% $2*#% )&+'*#% 92"% #8&%
2,<3A*$*#%)*0*% @03//3&+*0%"% @2+$30=%l:%
"#@2(3+1&#% $"% 6:03*#% "#)"##20*#.%
0"/&("+$*+$&;#"% 2#*0% 2(% "_'0"(&%
)*0*%&#% '&+#%(*3#% "#/20&#% "% 0"#"06*0%
&2'0&%)*0*%&#%'&+#%(*3#%/<*0&#=%
%
Esfuminho 
䙪% P&##343<3'*% "#'"+$"0% &% $"#"+1&% +2(%
$"-0*$d%#2*6"%"%@2+$30%#&(40"*$&#=%%
䙪%P"0(3'"%3+'"-0*0%&#%'0*7&#%"%"<3(3+*0%&#%
40*+/&#%92"%I/*(%"+'0"%"<"#=%%
䙪% v2*<92"0% 'H/+3/*% $"% @03/78&% )&$"% #"0%
"#'*4"<"/3$*%/&(%"##"%3+#'02("+'&=%
䙪v2*+$&% #"% )*##*% $"% 2(*% :0"*% (23'&%
"#/20*% )*0*% &2'0*% (*3#% /<*0*.% H% )0"/3#&%
<3()*0%&%"#@2(3+1&%)*0*%92"%"<"%+8&%#25"%&%
)*)"<%(*3#%$&%92"%&%$"#"5:6"<=%P*0*%<3():;
<&.%4*#'*%"#@0"-:;<&%#&40"%2(%)*)"<% <3()&.%
'*<% /&(&% #"% @*A% /&(% *% 4&00*/1*=% E<-2+#%
*0,#'*#% 2,<3A*(% <3_*% )*0*% <3()*0% &%
"#@2(3+1&=%%
䙪% u% /&+6"+3"+'"% $3#)&0% $"% "#@2(3+1&#% $"%
$3@"0"+'"#% "#)"##20*#% )*0*% '0*4*<1*0% :0"*#%
*()<*#%"%)"92"+&#%$"'*<1"#%"(%2(%$"#"+1&=%
%%
䙪%B%"#@2(3+1&%'*(4H(%)&$"%#"0%"()0"-*$&%
/&(&% 3+#'02("+'&% $"% $"#"+1&=% P*0*% 3##&.%
)*##*;#"%#2*%"_'0"(3$*$"%)"<*%4*00*%$"%/*068&%
)*0*%92"%"<*%#"%3()0"-+"%$"%)3-("+'&%)0"'&%"%
"(% #"-23$*% +&% )*)"<=% B% 0"#2<'*$&% I+*<% H% 2(%
$"#"+1&%#2*6".%#"(%4&0$*#%$20*#=%
%
䙪% P*0*% #2*63A*0% &#% '0*7&#.% $"6";#"% 2,<3A*0% *%
)&+'*%$&%"#@2(3+1&=%P*0*%:0"*#%*()<*#.%2#*;#"%
&%<*$&%(*3#%<*0-&=%%
%
 Borracha 
%
%
E%4&00*/1*%)&$"%#"0%2#*$*%)*0*%<3()*0%
2(*% :0"*% &2% $"#"+1*0% "(% +"-*,6&.% &2% #"5*.%
'0*7*0% <3+1*#% *)*-*+$&% )*0'"#% $"% #2)"0p/3"#%
)0"63*("+'"%(*+/1*$*#=%
^*(4H(% #"06"% /&(&% ("3&% )*0*%
'0*4*<1*0%*%92*<3$*$"%$*%<3+1*%"%&%'&(=%v2*+'&%
(*3#% )0"##8&% @&0% /&<&/*$*% #&40"% *% 4&00*/1*%
92*+$&%@03//3&+*$*%#&40"%&%)*)"<.%(*3#%40*+/*%
I/*0:% *% :0"*% *)*-*$*=% `"% &% *)*-*("+'&% @&0%
<"6".% /&(% *% )*##*-"(% #2*6"% $*% 4&00*/1*% )&0%
/3(*%$&%'&(.%"#'"%#"%"#4*'"0:%<3-"30*("+'"=%
L_3#'"%2(*%-0*+$"%6*03"$*$"%$"%
4&00*/1*#=% E#% (*/3*#% #8&% *#% (*3#%
*)0&)03*$*#%)*0*%&%'0*4*<1&%/&(%-0*I'"c%
*% 4&00*/1*% <3()*;,)&#.% )*0*% $"#"+1*0%
/&(% /*068&c% B% <:)3#;4&00*/1*% H% (23'&%
O,<%)*0*%i$"#"+1*0;*)*-*+$&k=%
u% )0"/3#&% <3()*0% *% 4&00*/1*%
*+'"#% $"% *)*-*0% 92*<92"0% /&3#*c% )*0*%
'*+'&.% 4*#'*% @03//3&+*0% #2*% )&+'*% +2(%
)"$*7&%$"%)*)"<%<3()&=%%
%
B%)*)"<%)&$"%#"0%@*403/*$&%/&(%)&<)*%
$"% I40*#% $"% *<-&$8&% W+&40"#% "%
*<'*("+'"% $20:6"3#% )&0% #"0"(% I40*#%
<&+-*#Z% &2% /&(% I40*#% $"% (*$"30*%
WI40*#% /20'*#% '0*'*$*#% 923(3/*("+'"%
)*0*%*2("+'*0%*%$20*43<3$*$"Z=%
 Papel 
!"+'0"% *#% )03+/3)*3#% /*0*/'"0F#,/*#% $&#%
)*)H3#%)&$"(&#%/3'*0a"
"
/01)"23%$4$5*%$6%
%
% u% &% )"#&% "(% -0*(*#% )&0% ("'0&%
92*$0*$&%W-w(xZ%$"%2(*%@&<1*%$"%)*)"<=%
E% -0*(*'20*% 6*03*% $"% XR.% mS.% JTS.% JKS.%
TJS.%TQS.%UTS%W-w(xZ%"'/=%%
%
7)%4$5)%
E#% @&<1*#% $"% )*)"<% /&("0/3*<("+'"%
6"+$3$*#% #8&% /&0'*$*#% "(% '*(*+1&#%
)0"$"I+ 3$&# =% E#% $ 3("+#?"#% #8&%
*-02)*$*#%"(%2(%,)&%$"%@*(F<3*.%&+$"%&#%
6*<&0"#%/0"#/"(%+*%#"-23+'"%)0&)&078&a%*%
*<'20*% $&% '*(*+1&% *'2*<% )*##*% *% #"0% *%
<*0-20*% $&% )0o_3(&% '*(*+1&.% "% *% *<'20*%
$&%)0o_3(&%'*(*+1&%H%&%$&40&%$*%<*0-20*%
$&%'*(*+1&%*'2*<=%
ES%g%KQS((%_%JJKK((%
EQ%g%TJS((%_%TmX((%
Em%g%UX.JT((%_%RT.R((%
M0*I'"%#&40"%C*+#&+%TSS-w(x%
8095*%$"
"
P*)"<%#"(%'"_'20*%H%2(%)*)"<%<3#&c%
%)*)"<%'"_'203A*$&%%)&$"%#"0%\"0-d.%
/&(%V*0/*%$"%]"<'0&%&2%M&@0*$&=%
P*)"<%M&@0*$&a%^"_'20*%"(%*<'&%0"<"6&=%P&0%("3&%$"#'"%*/*4*("+'&%*%#2)"0p/3"%H%
*2("+'*$*.% /&+#"-23+$&;#"% 2(% )*)"<%(*3#% $20*$&20&% "% 0&42#'&=% E%-&@0*-"(% H%
2(*% '"_'20*% )0&$2A3$*% +&% )*)"<% *)o#% #2*% @*403/*78&.% *'0*6H#% $"%(:923+*#% 92"%
@*A"(% 2#&% $"% @&07*% "% )0"##8&.% (*0/*+$&% $"#"+1&#% $3@"0"+'"#% +*% #2)"0p/3"% $&%
)*)"<=%%L_a%3(3'*78&%$"%<3+1*.%(*$"30*.%/*#/*%$"%&6&.%"'/=%
E%V*0/*%$"%@"<'0&a%'"_'20*%"#)"/FI/*%)*0*%$"#"+1&%"%)3+'20*=%L#'*%'"_'20*%H%
-"0*$*%'*(4H(%*'0*6H#%$&%0&<&%4*3<*03+&.%)&0H(%"#'"%0&<&%H%0"6"#,$&%)&0%2(%
@"<'0&.%&%92*<%$"3_*0:%#"2%$"#"+1&%(*0/*$&%+&%)*)"<=%%
\"0-da%E%'"_'20*%H%)0&$2A3$*%$20*+'"%
&%)0&/"##&%$"%@&0(*78&%$*%@&<1*%$"%
)*)"<.%*'0*6H#%$"%0&<&#%4*3<*03+&#%
W/3<3+$0&#Z%$"#"+1*$&#=%
%
!"#$%&% ;% 3+$3/*$&%)*0*% <:)3#%/&(2(%ls%&2%Ts.% 0*#/2+1&#% WXR-w(xZ=%^*(4H(%#2)&0'*%
-0*I'"#%(*3#%(*/3&#%/&(&%&%Qs%"%Ys%WmS%"%JTS-w(xZ=%
'()*+)%W$36"0#*#%/&0"#%"%-0*(*'20*#Z%n%P*0*%)3+'20*%"(%-"0*<=%`2)&0'*%4"(%,+'*#%/&(%
4*#"%$"%:-2*.%/&(%#"/*-"(%0:)3$*%*%(H$3*=%`8&%3+$3/*$&#%)*0*%E92*0"<*.%E/0F<3/&.%"'/=%
s&(%'*(4H(%)*0*%<:)3#%$"%/&0.%)*#'"<%#"/&%"%/*068&=%
,(-&#. /()%&01(% n% >+$3/*$&% )*0*% *0923'"'20*=% u% 2(% )*)"<% #"(3;'0*+#<O/3$&% $"%
#2)"0p/3"% :#)"0*% 92"% )&$"% #"0% 2,<3A*$&% )*0*% /&)3*0% 2(% $"#"+1&% &2% "#4&7&% "%
'0*+#)*##:;<&%*%2(%)*)"<%("<1&0=%%
,(-&#.2&1&%(#%;%u%2(%)*)"<.%'*(4H(.%#"(3;'0*+#<O/3$&.%92"%#"06"%)*0*%@*A"0%*0'";I+*<%
#&40"%&%0*#/2+1&.%/&(%*%/*+"'*%+*+923(.%)&0%"_"()<&=%u%)&##F6"<%@*A"0%&%$"#"+1&%"(%
2(%)*)"<%92*<92"0%"%'"0(3+:;<&%+&%)*)"<%6"-"'*<.%&%92"%"<3(3+*%*%("#*%$"%<2A=%%
iE% (*3&03*% $&#% (*'"03*3#% $"%
$"#"+1&% )0"/3#*% #"0% -2*0$*$*% "(%
<&/*3#% #"/&#% "% *0"5*$&#=% P*)H3#%
$"6"(%#"0%"#'&/*$&#%<&+-"%$*%<2A.%
)0"@"0"+/3*<("+'"% $"3'*$&#% "%
/&4"0'&#=% E% *78&% $*% <2A% "% $&% *0%
*(*0"<*% &% )*)"<.% "% *% 2(3$*$"%
/ * 2 # *% *% ) 0 & < 3 @ " 0 * 7 8 &% $ "%
@2+-&#k%WHALLAWELL, 1996).%
%
[:)3#%$"%$"#"+1&a%ls.%Ts.%Qs.%Ysc%
%
J%<*)3#"30*%S.Rc%
%
L#@2(3+1&a%'*(*+1&#%J%"%Rc%
%
J%NH-2*%$"%US%/(c%
%
J%L#92*$0&c%
%
J%s&00*/1*%40*+/*c%
%
J%/*+"'*%s&00*/1*%&2%<:)3#%4&00*/1*c%
%
J%L#,<"'"c%
%
J%<3_*%$"%2+1*c%
%
P*)"<%#2<I'"%+&%'*(*+1&%EQc%
%
P*)"<%C*+#&+%EQc%
%
P*#'*%)*0*%*0(*A"+*0%'0*4*<1&#=%
Materiais