Literatura Norte-Americana prova final

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1John Smith is considered to be the "founder" of the American Literature, when he issued works as A True Relation of Virginia (1608) e The Generall Historie of Virginia, New England e Summer Isles (1624). At that time, topics discussed in the works that were published used to focus specific aspects. Read the choices below and relate them to the sentences presenting topics of the American Literature:
I- John Smith.
II- The native´s literature.
(    ) The purpose of publishing something was to inform about the possibilities of the colony.
(    ) Introducing the land and its possibilities was a current topic.
(    ) Autobiography was a gender at the begining.
(    ) Describing the different parts of the colony was a current topic as a form of advertising.
Check the CORRECT sequence:
A
I - I - II - I.
B
I - II - I - II.
C
II - I - II - I.
D
II - II - I - II.
2In The Grapes of Wrath, John Steinbeck retraces the labor conditions of America during the Great Depression. The Joads family has driven away from their lands due to dust storms and face harsh conditions. This book was issued in the 1930s and granted the Pulitzer to the author. Analyze the sentences and check the relation between them:
I- The Grapes of Wrath is considered as a representative of the North-American Modernism movement.
BECAUSE
II- Confusion and disappointment are central themes of Modernism, and they appear in The Grapes of Wrath.
Check the correct answer:
FONTE: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/books/authors/john-steinbeck-grapes-of-wrath-what-you-should-know/. Acesso em: 12 abr. 2020.
A
I is true and II is false.
B
I is true and II is true; but there is no relation between them.
C
I is true and II is true; I justifies II.
D
I is true and II is true; II justifies I.
3Anne Quindlen is an importante author of the american literature. She writes novels and also articles in newpapers and magazines, as a reporter for The New York Times. "Public & Private" is the result of this kind of publishing: a serial publishing in the newspaper which got into the taste of the public. Another female author from this period is Rita Dove, the author of "On the bus with Rosa Parks". Literature of this period is rich in day to day life, dreams and fight for rights. Analyze the sentences and relate them to the authors, according to the themes they explore.
I- Anne Quindlen.
II- Rita Dove.
(    ) Historical events are treated, for instance: civil rights and justice.
(    ) The yellow house on the corner has two main aspects from which it grabs it celebrity: Historical facts and personal details.
(    ) Domestic violence is the main subject of her novel Black and Blue.
(    ) Life at the 30´s got in the taste of the public and was published in an amount of 60 papers.
Check the right sequence:
A
I - I - II - II.
B
I - II - I - II.
C
II - II - I - I.
D
II - I - II - II.
4Charles Brockden Brown and Washington Irving were North-American writers who wrote, mainly, gothic novel. The authors wrote a few books. Check the titles below and associate the subject to the novel and/or the author:
I- Wieland, by Charles Brockden Brown.
II- Sleepy Hollow, by Washington Irving.
(    ) Suspens, mistery and horror prevail in this self-combustion story.
(    ) Some historical background is attributed to America by the story.
(    ) The new environment was one of the causes for creating a supposed past for the land.
(    ) Questionning normality and weird experiences prevail in the works.
Check the right answer:
A
II - II - I - I.
B
II - I - II - I.
C
I - II - I - II.
D
I - II - II - I.
5One main author we have to consider when talking about American Literature is Margareth Fuller. Margareth Fuller was a journalist and also editor and had a proeminent place in society, as she could stand out through her work. One of her books is "Women in the Nineteenth Century". Analyze the following statements and check the relation there is between them:
I- The book "Women in the Nineteenth Century" treats the sad conditions of women in the country at the XIX century
BECAUSE
II- Women had not many rights and sometimes even had to work hard and in bad conditions.
Check the CORRECT answer:
A
I is false and II is true.
B
I is true and II is true, but there is no relation between them.
C
I is true, but II is false.
D
I is true and II is true, and II explains I.
6Read the Gettysburg Address, by Abraham Lincoln, which was pronounced on November, 19th, 1863.
"Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new nation: conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great Civil War, testing whether that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate - we cannot consecrate - we cannot hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember, what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us - that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion - that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain - that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom - and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth".
Only one statement does not correspond to the truth. Check the answer:
FONTE: https://americanliterature.com/history/abraham-lincoln/speech/the-gettysburg-address. Acesso em: 10 ago. 2020.
A
In three short paragraphs, the base of a new country is announced to be democratic and fair for everyone.
B
There is great value for literature, as the words for the speech are precise and deeply represent the situation.
C
For the narrator, it does not greatly matter wether people have died or not.
D
The narrator is aware of the great importance of the moment he witnesses.
7The people who settled in America had already lived, in Europe, in the contact of literature, role play in theathers and so forth. Thus, reading and writing were quite usual among them. Since the very begining of the settlements, the new American forming people enjoyed reading and following the journey of characters in the books they read. Among the genders below, check the CORRECT answer:
A
Novel was the ideal gender for writers settled in the US, as people really liked it.
B
The first literature developped in the US was shakespearean drama.
C
The first five hundred years literature of America were actually the stories of the native people.
D
Poetry was since the begining the only gender American use to read.
8Different authors wrote about different subjects in the Literary mouvents of the United States. Among this authors, we count Nathanael Hawthorne, Walt Whitman and Herman Melville. The three of them wrote in diverse ways and about different subjects. Associate each author to a respective statements talking about their works:
I- Nathanael Hawthorne.
II-Walt Whitman.
III- Herman Melville.
(    ) In one of his works, a phisically and emotionally odd captain hunts wales.
(    ) In Democratic Vistas, a work produced at the end of his life, he considers american identity and democratic way of life.
(    ) In The Scarlet Letter puritanism appears throught the story, which occurs in Boston.
(    ) His writings are psychological intrigues and human relations and feelings.
Check the CORRECT sequence:
A
III - I - II - II.
B
I - II - I- III.
C
II - I - III - I.
D
III - II - I - I.
9According to a North-American native tale and belief, the Earth has a particular conception. This results from the native's observing nature and its phenomena. Read the text that follows:
"There is another world under this earth. It is like this one in every way. The animals, the plants, and the people are the same, but the seasons are different. The streams that come down from the mountains are the trails by which we reach this underworld. The springs at their head are the doorways by which we enter it. But in order to enter the other world, one must fast and then go to the water, and have one of the underground people for a guide. We know that the seasons in the underground world are different because the water in the spring is always warmer in winter than the air in this world; and in summer the water is cooler" (KURANT, 2019, p. 19).
According to the text, it is possible to state that:
I- Native American people conceived the world under a binary structure: our Earth, and the underground.
II- The underground world is totally different from the Earth we know.
III- Based upon natural elements, native people establish rituals in order to penetrate the underground world.
IV- Temperature of water is always higher in Winter than in Summer.
Check the right answer:
FONTE: KURANT, Wendy. Becoming America: An Exploration of American Literature from Precolonial to Post-Revolution. Galileo: University System of Georgia, 2019.
A
I and III, only, are correct.
B
II and IV, only, are correct.
C
I and II, only, are correct.
D
II, III and IV are correct.
10Thomas Stearns Eliot is known for his poetry and also some plays. He lived in England, which made him a British subject, but there is no contest about his rich contribution to the North-American literature. One of the great contributions of the author is a great number of references, cultural, linguistics, which allows the poem to "speak" to the reader by multiple voices. In the Excerpts below, taken from The Waste Land, associate the aspects indicated to the excerpt, respectively:
I- The myth in poetry.
II- Different voice.
III- Cultural reference.
Associate the items:
(    ) "Summer surprised us, coming over the Starnbergersee / With a shower of rain; we stopped in the colonnade, / And went on in sunlight, into the Hofgarten, / And drank coffee, and talked for an hour. / 'Bin gar keine Russin, stamm' aus Litauen, echt deutsch'." (The Waste Land) - Trad.: I'm no Russian at all, I come from Lituania, definitely German.
(    ) The Waste Land / For Ezra Pound: 'Il miglior fabbro' (Trad. The best creator).
(    ) Madame Sosostris, famous clairvoyant, / Had a bad cold, nevertheless / Is known to be the wisest woman in Europe, / With a wicked pack of cards. Here, said she, / Is your card, the drowned Phoenician Sailor ".
Check the right answer:
A
III - II - I.
B
I - II - III.
C
II - II - I.
D
III - I - II.
11(ENADE, 2017) A word is dead
When it is said,
Some say.
I say it just
Begins to live
That day (DICKINSON, 1924).
Taking the poem into account, analyze the following statements and the relationship between them:
I- By reading Dickinson's poem, one has the possibility to understand the relationship the poet bears with her raw material, which is language.
BECAUSE
II- The poem, among other possibilities, reveals how Dickinson sees her poetic creative process as a unique experience of bringing words to life.
Considering the statements, choose the correct option:
FONTE: DICKINSON, E. Complete Poems. Boston: Little Brown, 1924. Disponível em: http://www.bartleby.com. Acesso em: 25 jul. 2017.
A
Statements I is a true proposition, and II is a false proposition.
B
Statements I and II are false propositions.
C
Statements I and II are true propositions, and II is a correct justification for I.
D
Statements I and II are true propositions, but II is not a correct justification for I.
12(ENADE, 2005) Leia trechos da carta-resposta de um cacique indígena à sugestão, feita pelo Governo do Estado da Virgínia (EUA), de que uma tribo de índios enviasse alguns jovens para estudar nas escolas dos brancos.
(...) Nós estamos convencidos, portanto, de que os senhores desejam o nosso bem e agradecemos de todo o coração. Mas aqueles que são sábios reconhecem que diferentes nações têm concepções diferentes das coisas e, sendo assim, os senhores não ficarão ofendidos ao saber que a vossa ideia de educação não é a mesma que a nossa. (...) Muitos dos nossos bravos guerreiros foram formados nas escolas do Norte e aprenderam toda a vossa ciência. Mas, quando eles voltaram para nós, eram maus corredores, ignorantes da vida da floresta e incapazes de suportar o frio e a fome. Não sabiam caçar o veado, matar o inimigo ou construir uma cabana e falavam nossa língua muito mal. Eles eram, portanto, inúteis. (...) Ficamos extremamente agradecidos pela vossa oferta e, embora não possamos aceitá-la, para mostrar a nossa gratidão concordamos que os nobres senhores de Virgínia nos enviem alguns de seus jovens, que lhes ensinaremos tudo que sabemos e faremos deles homens.
FONTE: BRANDÃO, Carlos Rodrigues. O que é educação. São Paulo: Brasiliense, 1984.
A relação entre os dois principais temas do texto da carta e a forma de abordagem da educação privilegiada pelo cacique está representada por:
A
Educação e cultura / educação assistemática.
B
Sabedoria e política / educação difusa.
C
Identidade e história / educação formal.
D
Ideologia e filosofia / educação superior.