Study Guide 2

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Grammar The passive
Vocabulary Entertainment and artust seelPhrases Telephoning 
D 
MEDIA
3 418 Listen to a description of how a flm is 
made and put the Words2know in the order that 
you first hear them. 
Listening Vocabulary 
Making a film
Words know T Discuss these questions in groups.
Have you seen any of the films in the photos?
What was the last film you saw at the cinema
or on DVD? Did you enjoy it? 
producer special effects director 
actors film studios script 
budget editing publicity scenesWhat's your favourite film? Do you have any
favourite actors?
17he last film I saw was
Did you like it? 
I hought it was okay/really good. 
4 a 18 Listen again and answer thequestions 
1 What's the typical budget of a big Hollywood 
film? 2 a Match the photos, A-E, to the Words2know. 
2 How much do the top stars earn? 
Words know 1 
How many minutes of the f al film do they
make each day?
4 Why don't they film all the sreneson location
5 How long does it generaiy to edita 
flm?
6 How much of the total b 
on publicity? 
a romantic comedy a historical drama a thriller 
fantasy/science fiction a horror movie
o theyspend 
b Work in pairs. Tell each other which types of 
film you like and don't like. b Which of these things surar 
Tm surprised that. 
you:
ike fantasy butI dont like rohnantic cohmcdies 
MINI WORKBOOK exercises 7-8
84 
a 4.19) Complete the text, using the passive. Then 
listen and check. 
SUBBED OR DUBBED0?
o foreign language films have subtitles in 
your country? Or'_are they dubbed (they/ 
dub)? Foreign-language films 2 
all over the world nowadays... but people need to 
understand them!
(watch)
In many countries, subtitles 
translate the dialogue. Usually the dialogue
_ (not/translate) word for word but the general
(use) to Grammar Focus
4 
Present simple passive
meaning*_ 
(make) shorter so the audience can read the titles 
easily.
give). Often the dialogue 
5 In pairs, put the stages of makinga film into 
the correct order. Compare your answers with 
another pair.
The dialogue 
the original actors' voices_
audience. These days, famous actors
choose) to do the dubbing. 
In other countries, dubbing is more popular.
(re-record) by voice actors and
_(not/hear) by the
(often
Then the movie is filmed. 
They then plan the budget and choose a 
director. 
A story is chosen by the producers. A third method, the 'lector' method,
The scenes are planned in detail. (use) in some countries. Here, the audience 
1 
Musicisn't added until the end. 
Finally, the film is printed.
(given) a translation by a single narrator but
(hear) in the background. the original voices 12 
The director decides on the main actors.
6Read Grammar2know. How many passive
forms can you find in exercise 5? 
bWhich method in the text do you prefer 
when you watch a foreign language film?
knowGrammar 
3 Rewrite the sentences in the passive. Use by if Present simple passive
necessary. 
Use the passive when the action is the most
important thing in the sentence: 
The film is printed. (it is not important who prints it)
1 Big studios make most films these days. 
Mostfilms_are haade by bigstadios
these doys 
2 They spend millions of dollars on special 
effects.
Notice that often we do not say who does the
action because it is not important or it is obvious.
The movie is filmed. (obviously the camera men
Millions of dollars
3 The designers plan every scene in detail.
Every scene.
do this) 
To say who does the action, we use by:
A story is chosen by the producer. 
4 They film some scenes on location. 
Some scenes
5 The editors cut some scenes. 
Form: is/are + past participle 
Some scenes 
6 They send copies of the film all over the world. 
Copies of the film_ 
The music is added. 
- Most scenes aren't flmed on location. 
?Is the story chosen by the producer? 
9Look at exercises 5 and 8 and memorise ten
stages in the making of a film in order. Close 
your book and tell the class. 
When is the music added? 
First, a story is chosen, then..
MINI WORKB00K exercise 1 page 120 
85 
must see 
Listening Vocabulary 
5 a Divide the programmes in the Words2know 
1owTV programmes into three categories. 
There are too many programmes like this on a Write down the name of a TV programme 
that you really like and one that you hate.
b Read out the programmes but do not say
which is which. The other students guess
whether you like or hate the programme. 
TV: cartoons
on 
There aren't enough programmes like this on 
TV: 
There are the right number:
Check you understand the Words2know. Think
of an example of each type of programme from
TV in your country.
b Compare answers with other students, 
Which types of programme do you like best?
2 
Ihink there are too hmahy soop operas
7o hme, there arent enough sports
Words know 42 prograhnhnes. 
I like cartoons best 
reality show cookery programme 
weather forecast
advert
MINI WORKBOOK exercise 9 page 121comedy series
sports programme cartoon documentary 
quiz show news
soap opera
Grammar FoCus
Past simple and present perfect passive
3 21 Listen to four extracts from TV 
programmes. What types of programme 
are they?
6 Look at the photos and answer the questions. 
What kinds ofTV programme do the photos
A show?
C D Do you ever watch programmes like this?
4.21) Listen again and choose the correct SCANNING Work in pairs. Read the text and
find the information below. Which pair finished
first?
answers. 
A 
1 the date of the first Doctor Who
Which ingredients are necessary for Frittata? 
b oil
23 Novennber 1963 
2 the name of the person who created Pop ldol
3 the year of Princess Diana's funeral
4 the number of British people who watched 
the 1966 World Cup Final
5 the day of the week that Doctor Who is shown
a cheese conions 
d potatoes e eggs tuna
9 peppers h tomatoes
2 Where was Mrs Gray last night? 
a at the hospital b with a friend 
cwith herhusband,John 6 the year of the first episode of The Simpsons
3 How does Marianne feel about this? 8a Which sentences below are active (A)
and which are passive (P)? Which tenses are
they in?
a angry b interested c sad 
1 Pop ldol began in 2001. 
2 Doctor Who was shown for the first time in 
4 This is an advert for: 
a a dentist b a health club 
ctoothpaste 1963. 
3 The cartoon has been sold all overthe
world.
D 
5 Jenny is talking to:
a her boyfriend 
csomeone called Jeremy 
4 A new version of the programme has
appeared. 
b her father
b Read Grammar2know and check. Find 6 She's just come back from: 
a a date more examples of the past simple and present
perfect passive in the text.
b a party Cschool
86 
Records
and Fantastic Facts...
rom the
World of TV 
MOST SUCCESSFUL CARTOON
(Popldol 
The Simpsons first appeared
on US TV in 
1987 and since
then it has been
shown all over the
world. In fact, 
Bart 
Simpson is probably 
the most famous 
face on the planet!
But creator Matt Groening
invented the cartoon
family in 
just fifteen 
minutes because 
the characters 
were
based on 
his own family! 
MOST 
POPULARTV 
SHOW
ldol
was
originally 
a Britisitish
television series and 
was 
urite
new pop 
singer 
andt 
illions 
of 
records!
The 
ne of 
Britain's 
richest
nave heen made
all over the
world, including 
American
LONGESTRUNNINGTV SHOW
Every British
adult remembers 
watching the
science fiction
drama Doctor 
Who as a child. 
d the winners
often sold 
sh 
in 
October
2001.
Viewers voted for their 
The idea
was 
created by Simon Fuller 
est men. 
Different versions
of Pop
It was first
shown on Saturday, 
23 November 
1963 and was 
ldolhave
ldol 
and
Indian
ldol. a 
favourite for many years.
Now, a new 
version has 
MOSTWATCHED 
TV 
BR0ADCAST 
The
England-Germany 
final of the
1966 World Cup 
was
the most
watched 
broadcast in British
history. It was
watched by 32.3
million
Britons. 32.1 
million
watched
the funeral 
of Diana,
Princess of Wales,
in 1997.
appeared and
Doctor Who is 
againBritain's 
most popular
Saturday night
show. It is also
popular in 
Australia and the
USA, and has
been sold to TV 
companies all
over the world.
So it's probably
showing on 
a TV near you!
Put the verbs in the correct form of the passive.
Then choose the correct information to complete
the sentence. If you don't know, guess!
Past simple passive
1 The Lord of the Rings' books (write) by 
RRTolkien/C S Lewis/J K Rowling.
The Lord of the Rings books were written
biy TR R Tolkien.
2 The'StarWars'flms (direct) by George Lucas/
Alfred Hitchcock/Steven Spielberg. 
3 The first'Harry Potterbook (publish) in 
Grammarknow 
1977/1987/1997. 
4 The most successful film in history, Titanic,
(release) in 1992/1997/2002. 
Past simple passive 
Form: was/were + past participle 
It was shown
- It wasn't shown... 
?Was it shown...? 
They wereshown.
They weren'tshown.
Were they shown..?
Present perfect passive
5 Five/Six /All of the 'Harry Potter' books (make)
into films.
When was it shown?
6 The Bible (translate) into 500/2000/5000 
Present perfect passivee
Form: have/has been + past participle 
languages and dialects. 
7 Over 10 million/80 million/100 million copies of the
Lord of the Rings'books (sell) around the world.
+Ithas been sold..
- It hasn't been sold...
?Hasit been sold? 
10 622) Compare answers with a partner. Then 
They have been sold.
They haven'tbeen sold.
Have they been sold? 
listen and check. 
1 1 think the Star Wors filnns were directed hor
Who has it been sold to? 
Steven Spiclberg but I'm not sure. 
MINI WORKB0OK exercises 2-6 pages 120-121 
87 
mustSeesabit harderchallenge 
easy to do 
Grammar Vocabulary 
Present simple passive Making a film 
3 CPut the words in the correct order to 
Match the flms A-E with the descriptions 1-5. 
sentences using the present simple p 
der to mate
Elizabeth The Golden Age ffee
1 grown/in Colombialis/a lot of coffee A let of coffee iz growh is Colorebe
a film about Elizabeth 1 of England
2 manufactured/Ferrari cars/aren't/in AuicteustraliaNotting Hil
3 bicycles/are/how many/every year/stolen 
a film about an ordinary boy who falls in love
with a fommous film star Amsterdam? olenín
Friday 13th 
4 the best watches/made/in Switzerland 
a series of flms where groups of people
diein frightening cireumstances watches/are 
D 
STAR UARS 5 the story/the director/by/is/written/? a series of films seE in space
6 spoken/English/all over the world/ is The Bourne Trilogy
a series of films with lots of action and suspense
7 by/chosen/isn't/the actors/the music for te 
film 
1 6 romantic comedy
2thriller 
Underline the correct forms to complete3 horror
4historical drama
5fantasy/science fiction
the text.
Making a film
The script 'writes/is written by film 
writers and te 
producer2 chooses/is chosen the director. Then
the actors choose/are chosen.
After that, the him
Company looks/is looked
for the right locatons
The actors do/are done some sceneson 
locatot
Dut it's very expensive so many
scenes° nivor
imed in the film studios. Special 
effects aon 
add/aren't added until later. 
When the himi
ready, it 
8 doesn't release/isn't 
released to thepu 
immediately. Usually a small
roup of 
people
Watch/is watched the
film and then the ed 
director 10 make/are made any
final change 
2 Complete the sentences with the words below. 
publicity script
actors budget director stars
special effects scenes
1 Top starz earn enormous amounts of moneyfor a film. 
2 are used a lot in science fiction
films.
3 A is the person who tells the
actors what to do. 
itorand
4 Film companies spend money on 
They make posters and 
adverts for the films called 'trailers. 
5 The 
order because they are edited afterwards. 
6 The story and the lines that the actors have to learn is called the
tiong
-000
in a film are filmed in any 
7 The is the amount of moneythat is available to make a film. 
8 
are the people who playdifferent parts in the film. 92 
SIaMSuy-saspes
uestions and then answ the Grammar reference Write the quiz questi Use the present simple passive 
Present simple passive5 questions 
Form
General knowleddgequiz
am ('m) invited. 
are (re) invited.
is ('s)invited.
We/You/They where/H/Harley-Davidson motorcycles/build? 
He/She/lt are Harley Daridson haotorcyecles
bait? 
a ln the UK.
bIn the USA.
cin Australia. 
We/You/They 
He/She/lt 
am not ('m not) invited. 
are not (re not) invited.
is not ('s not) invited. 
Am 
Is he/she/it 2 cofee/grow/Brita in?
invited?
Are we/you/they 
a Yes, it is grown in the south of the UK.
b No, coffee is grown in South America.
cNo, coffee is grown in South Europe. 
Short answers
Yes, I am./No, I'm not.
Yes, he/she/it is. /No, he/she/it isn't.
Yes, we/you/they are./ No, we/you/they arent. 
COFFEE . 
3 where/the biggest diamond mine/
in the world/situate? Wh-questions 
Where are these cars produced? 
How often are newspapers delivered to your house? a ln Africa. bln Australia. 
cin Siberia in Russia.
Use
4 the crown jewels of Britain/keep/Buckingham Palace? We use the passive when it is not important who does the action, or we are not interested in 
who does it.
a No, they are kept in the Tower of London.bYes, the Queen keeps them under her bed.
cYes, they are kept in the palace.
Thousands of people are expected to attend the
concert.(= it doesn't matter who expects them)
These bags are made in Italy. (= it doesn't matter
who makes them)5 whereVolkswagen cars/produce? 
We also often use the passive when it is obvious
a In Germany. bIn Italy. cin Switzerland. who does the action.
Lots of people are arrested at football matches.
obviously the police arrest them)
I'm not invited to Joe's party. (= obviously Joe 
hasn't invited me) 
Answers on page 92 
6* Complete the sentences so the meaning is the
same. Use the correct form of the present simple passive.
1 Cinemas often show foreign films with subtitles. We can still say who does the action in passive
sentences, using by 
toreigh filhas witth subtitles are eften shown
in cinena2.
2 People watch foreign language films all over the world.
Foreign language films
This car is made by Renault.
Thousands of peopleare killed by drunk drivers
every year.
3 People don't translate every word from the original
Script.
Every word from the original script 
Many countries use the same people to dub the 
Voices of lots of different actors.
The same people.
Producers shorten the subtitles to make them easier
to read.
Subtitles
Grammar
Vocabulary Past simple and present perfect passive 
TV programmes Underline the passive verbs. Are they past 
simple (PS) or present perfect (PP) 
1 Harry Potter was written by JK Rowling. Tho
first book came out in 1997. DS 
4 
What kind of TV programmes 
do the pictures
show? Label the pictures with 
the words below.
sports programme 
cartoon quiz show 
cookery programme 
weather forecast 2 Paul McCartney wrote Yesterday when he vas 
only nineteen years old._
3 Big Brother has been filmed in almost sevent
news 
countries so far. . 
4 Bruce Lee was filmed in slow motion because
he moved too fast for the camera.
5 The Dolby surround stereo system was first
used in the movie Star Wars.
5 Complete the sentences with the correct 
form of the past simple passive.T Sports prograhahne 4 
Amazing early film facts! 
Early films were made (mokel in black and 
white and they didn't have sound.
In the cinema, music play) to 
accompany the tilm. 
In the beginning, films 
cinemas. Ihey were shown in theatres. 
The first cinema, called the Nickleodeon,4 
(open) in Pitsburgh in 1905.
How
the metre! In the USA they cost around torty-tive 
cents per metre 
Some of the first special effects
by the Edison company.
The first animated cartoon
until 1908. It was called Fantasmagorie. 
notshownin 
(films/sell? They sel by 
2 Match the words 1-6 with the definitions a-f. create
1 A soap opera 
/2 An advert
not madel
3 The news
4 A documentary 
5 A comedy series 
6 A reality show 
6Complete the sentences with the
correct
form of the present perfect passive.
a tries to make us buy a product.
b gives us factual information on different 
topics.
is a fictional seriesabouteveryday life.
1 Millions of films have becn hnade
(make)
since the start of cinema.
2 (that film release)
on DVD yet!
3 The Oscar winners
d is a programme where the people aren't actors
and they are filmed doing things. 
e are programmes about funny situations that 
try to make us laugh. 
fis a programme that tells us what is happening 
in our country and the rest of the world.
(not decide) yet, but I think the actors 
(nominate). 
4 How many-
(films direct) by 
Steven Spielberg? 
(the actors 
choose) yet
(write). 
5 A: 
B: No, but the script . 
6 The film
3 Can you think of a programme in your country 
for each type of programme in exercises 1 and 2? 
(translate) into
three different lanquages, but the 
dubbiny
(not finish) yet. 
thepast
simple or present perfect passive.
TheCurseof the Black Pearl was released ii 
Complete
the sentences about the Pirates Grammar reference 1 
ofthe
Caribbean 
films using the correct form of 
1 Walt
Disney Picturesreleased
Black Pearl 
in 2003. 
Past simple and present perfect passivePast simple passive 
To form the past simple passive we use the verb to be in the past simple (was/were) + the past participle. 
The Curse of the
Form
The makers
based the film on a theme park 
ride at Disney
theme parks.
200 by Walt Dishey Pictures. 
/He/She/lt was arrested. 
We/You/They were arrested. 
The flm 
3 The producer rejected
the original script.
VHe/She/lt was not (wasn't) arrested. 
were not (weren't) arrested. We/You/They 
The original script,
4 The second and third films have broken box 
Was /he/she/it 
Were we/you/
they
? invited?
office records.
Box office records Short answers 
5 The popularity of the flms has surprised all the
main actors
Allthemain actors
Yes, I/he/she/it was. /No, Whe/she/it wasn't.
Yes, we/you/they were./No, we/you/they weren't.
Wh-questions 
8 Read the leaflet about Disney World.
Complete the text using the correct form of the
verbs in brackets. Use the past simple or the
present perfect.
When was the Internet invented? 
Where was this programme recorded? 
Present perfect passive 
To form the present perfect passive we use the verb 
to be in the present perfect (have/has been) + the past 
participle. 
Disney World in Florida
(design)It's the only theme park which
by Walt Disney 
(visit) by more than 515 million people
_(open) in 1955.
(photograph) with Walt Disney
Form 
Since it 3 We/You/They have been arrested. 
He/She/lt has been arrested. Two children
as the first visitors to DisneyWorld and they -
give) special tickets to allow them to go to DisneyWorid 
whenever they wanted. forever!
The park celebrated its 50th birthday in 2005 and 
lots 
of the old funfair rides 
We/You/They 
He/She/'t 
have not (haven't) been arrested. 
has not (hasn't) been arrested. 
Have l/we/you/ tney| been invited? 
Has he/she/it 
(restore) for this. 
Short answers 
Grammar Plus: Time expressions in passive
sentences 
Yes, I/we/you/they have./No, I/we/you/they haven't. 
Yes, he/she/it has. /No, he/she/it hasn't.
Wh-questions 
&*Rewrite the sentences with the words in 
brackets in the correct place.
Why haven'tl been invited to Sara's party? 
Where have the criminals been taken?
1 Their last film was finished. (never) 
Lheir last filnn was nerer fiished
2 Music is chosen by specialists. (sometimes) 
3 Reality shows are shown in the evening.
(usually) 
*Special effects are created by computers. 
(often)
SPart three of the film was finished. (never)