DA0-001 CompTIA Data Certification Exam Dumps

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DA0-001
Exam Name: CompTIA Data+ Certification
Full version: 215 Q&As
Full version of DA0-001 Dumps
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1. Which of the following is a characteristic of a relational database?
A. It utilizes key-value pairs.
B. It has undefined fields.
C. It is structured in nature.
D. It uses minimal memory.
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Answer: C
Explanation:
It is structured in nature. This is because a relational database is a type of database that
organizes data into tables, which consist of rows and columns. A relational database is
structured in nature, which means that the data has a predefined schema or format, and follows
certain rules and constraints, such as primary keys, foreign keys, or referential integrity. A
relational database can be used to store, query, and manipulate data using a structured query
language (SQL). The other characteristics are not true for a relational database.
Here is why:
It utilizes key-value pairs. This is not true for a relational database, because key-value pairs are
a way of storing data that associates each value with a unique key, such as an identifier or a
name. Key-value pairs are typically used in non-relational databases, such as NoSQL
databases, which do not have tables, rows, or columns, but rather store data in various formats,
such as documents, graphs, or columns.
It has undefined fields. This is not true for a relational database, because fields are another
name for
columns in a table, which define the attributes or properties of each row or record in the table.
Fields have defined names, types, and lengths in a relational database, which specify the
format and size of the data that can be stored in each field.
It uses minimal memory. This is not true for a relational database, because memory is the
amount of space or storage that is used by a database to store and process data. Memory
usage depends on various factors, such as the size, complexity, and number of tables and
queries in a relational database. A relational database can use a lot of memory if it has many
tables with many rows and columns, or if it performs complex or frequent queries on the data.
2. What role in a data governance is typically responsible for day-to-day oversight of data use?
A. Data processors.
B. Data custodians
C. Data owners.
D. Data stewards.
Answer: D
3. You have two databases tables that you would like to join together using a foreign key
relationship.
What term best describes this action?
A. Blending.
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B. Appending.
C. Mixing.
D. Merging.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Data merging is the process of combining two or more data sets into a single data set. Most
often, this process is necessary when you have raw data stored in multiple files, worksheets, or
data tables, that you want to analyze all in one go.
4. Refer to the exhibit.
A customer list from a financial services company is shown below:
A data analyst wants to create a likely-to-buy score on a scale from 0 to 100, based on an
average of the three numerical variables: number of credit cards, age, and income.
Which of the following should the analyst do to the variables to ensure they all have the same
weight in the score calculation?
A. Recode the variables.
B. Calculate the percentiles of the variables.
C. Calculate the standard deviations of the variables.
D. Normalize the variables.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Normalizing the variables means scaling them to a common range, such as 0 to 1 or -1 to 1, so
that they have the same weight in the score calculation. Recoding the variables means
changing their values or categories, which would alter their meaning and distribution.
Calculating the percentiles of the variables means ranking them relative to each other, which
would not account for their actual magnitudes. Calculating the standard deviations of the
variables means measuring their variability, which would not make them comparable.
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Reference: CompTIA Data+ Certification Exam Objectives, page 10
5. Jhon is working on an ELT process that sources data from six different source systems.
Looking at the source data, he finds that data about the sample people exists in two of six
systems.
What does he have to make sure he checks for in his ELT process? Choose the best answer.
A. Duplicate Data.
B. Redundant Data.
C. Invalid Data.
D. Missing Data.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Duplicate Data.
While invalid, redundant, or missing data are all valid concerns, data about people exists in two
of the six systems. As such, Jhon needs to account for duplicate data issues.
6. Which of the following variable name formats would be problematic if used in the majority of
data software programs?
A. First_Name_
B. FirstName
C. First_Name
D. First Name
Answer: D
Explanation:
This is because First Name is a variable name format that would be problematic if used in most
of the data software programs, such as Excel, SQL, or Python. This is because First Name
contains a space between two words, which could cause confusion or errors in the data
software programs, as they might interpret the space as a separator or a delimiter between two
different variables or values, rather than as part of a single variable name. For example, in SQL,
a space is used to separate keywords, clauses, or expressions in a statement, such as
SELECT, FROM, WHERE, etc. Therefore, using First Name as a variable name in SQL could
result in a syntax error or an unexpected result. The other variable name formats would not be
problematic if used in most of the data software programs.
Here is why:
First_Name_ is a variable name format that uses an underscore (_) to separate two words,
which is a common and acceptable practice in most of the data software programs, as it helps
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to improve the readability and clarity of the variable name. For example, in Python, an
underscore is used to follow the PEP 8 style guide for naming variables, which recommends
using lowercase letters and underscores for multi-word variable names.
FirstName is a variable name format that uses camel case to separate two words, which is
another common and acceptable practice in most of the data software programs, as it helps to
reduce the length and complexity of the variable name. For example, in Excel, camel case is
used to follow the VBA naming conventions for naming variables, which recommends using
mixed case letters for multi-word variable names.
First_Name is a variable name format that also uses an underscore (_) to separate two words,
which is also a common and acceptable practice in most of the data software programs, as it
helps to improve the readability and clarity of the variable name. For example, in SQL, an
underscore is used to follow the ANSI SQL naming standards for naming variables, which
recommends using lowercase letters and underscores for multi-word variable names.
7. A user imports a data file into the accounts payable system each day. On a regular basis. the
field input is not what the system is expecting. so it results in an error for the row and a broken
import process. To resolve the issue, the user opens the file, finds the error in the row, and
manually corrects it before attempting the import again. The import sometimes breaks on
subsequent attempts. though.
Which of the following changes should be made to this process to reduce the number of errors?
A. Delete all incorrect inputs and upload the corrected file.
B. Have the user manually review the file for data completeness before loading it
C. Create a data field to data type validator to run the file through prior to import.
D. Spot-check the file prior to import to catch and correct field errors.
Answer: C
Explanation:
A data field to data type validator is a tool or a process that checks if the data in each fieldof a
file matches the expected data type, such as text, number, date, etc. A data field to data type
validator can help to identify and correct any errors or inconsistencies in the data before
importing it into the accounts payable system. This would reduce the number of errors and
broken imports, as well as save time and effort for the user.
8. A junior web developer is developing a new application where users can upload short videos.
The first task is to create a homepage that shows the headline "Upload Your Short Videos" and
a clickable button that says "upload now".
Which of the following HTML commands would help the developer to complete the task
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successfully?
A. < span >Upload Your Short Videos< /span >< button >upload now< /button >
B. < p >Upload Your Short Videos< /p >< p >upload now< /p >
C. < hl >Upload Your Short Videos< /h1 >< button >upload now< /button >
D. < hl >Upload Your Short Videos< /h1 >< hl >upload now< /h1 >
Answer: C
Explanation:
The HTML commands that would help the developer to complete the task successfully are
<h1>Upload Your Short Videos</h1> and <button>upload now</button>. The <h1> tag defines
a heading level 1, which is the largest and most important heading on a webpage. The <button>
tag defines a clickable button that can perform some action when clicked. The other options are
not suitable for the task, as they either use the wrong tags or do not create a clickable button.
The <span> tag defines a section of text with no specific meaning or formatting. The <p> tag
defines a paragraph of text. The <hl> tag does not exist in HTML.
Reference: HTML Tags - W3Schools
9. Which of the following best describes the law of large numbers?
A. As a sample size decreases, its standard deviation gets closer to the average of the whole
population.
B. As a sample size grows, its mean gets closer to the average of the whole population
C. As a sample size decreases, its mean gets closer to the average of the whole population.
D. When a sample size doubles. the sample is indicative of the whole population.
Answer: B
Explanation:
The best answer is B. As a sample size grows, its mean gets closer to the average of the whole
population.
The law of large numbers, in probability and statistics, states that as a sample size grows, its
mean gets closer to the average of the whole population. This is due to the sample being more
representative of the population as it increases in size. The law of large numbers guarantees
stable long-term results for the averages of some random events1
A) As a sample size decreases, its standard deviation gets closer to the average of the whole
population is not correct, because it confuses the concepts of standard deviation and mean.
Standard deviation is a measure of how much the values in a data set vary from the mean, not
how close the mean is to the population average. Also, as a sample size decreases, its
standard deviation tends to increase, not decrease, because the sample becomes less
representative of the population.
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C) As a sample size decreases, its mean gets closer to the average of the whole population is
not correct, because it contradicts the law of large numbers. As a sample size decreases, its
mean tends to deviate from the average of the whole population, because the sample becomes
less representative of the population.
D) When a sample size doubles, the sample is indicative of the whole population is not correct,
because it does not specify how close the sample mean is to the population average. Doubling
the sample size does not necessarily make the sample indicative of the whole population,
unless the sample size is large enough to begin with. The law of large numbers does not state a
specific number or proportion of samples that are indicative of the whole population, but rather
describes how the sample mean approaches the population average as the sample size
increases indefinitely.
10. Which of the following contains alphanumeric values?
A. 10.1?²
B. 13.6
C. 1347
D. A3J7
Answer: D
Explanation:
Alphanumeric values are values that contain both letters and numbers, such as A3J7. The other
options are numeric values, as they contain only numbers, such as 10.1E2, 13.6, and 1347.
Reference: Guide to CompTIA Data+ and Practice Questions - Pass Your Cert
11. Refer to exhibit.
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Which of the following summary statements upholds integrity in data reporting?
A. Sales are approximately equal for Product A and Product B across all strategies.
B. Strategy 4 provides the best sales in comparison to other strategies.
C. While Strategy 2 does not result in the highest sales of Product
D. over all products it appears to be the most effective.
D. Product D should be promoted more than the other products in all strategies.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Answer C) While Strategy 2 does not result in the highest sales of Product D. over all products it
appears to be the most effective.
A summary statement that upholds integrity in data reporting should be accurate, unbiased, and
supported by evidence. Option C is the only statement that meets these criteria, as it reflects
the data shown in the bar graph without exaggerating or distorting it. Option C also
acknowledges the limitation of the statement by using the word “appears”, which indicates that
there may be other factors or variables that affect the sales performance.
Option A is inaccurate, as sales are not approximately equal for Product A and Product B
across all strategies. Product A has higher sales than Product B in strategies 1, 3, and 5, while
Product B has higher sales than Product A in strategies 2 and 4.
Option B is biased, as it does not consider the sales of different products in each strategy.
Strategy 4 provides the best sales for Product B, but not for the other products. Strategy 5 has
the highest total sales across all products, as shown by the black line graph.
Option D is unsupported by evidence, as it does not explain why Product D should be promoted
more than the other products in all strategies. Product D has the lowest sales among all
products in strategies 1, 3, and 4, and only slightly higher sales than Product C in strategies 2
and 5.
12. A sales manager wants quarterly sales reports broken down by unit and week.
Which of the following data output lists includes the most necessary information?
A. Order number. salesperson. date shipped, recipient address, and price
B. Item name, salesperson. recipient address, shipping cost. and date shipped
C. Item number, item name, salesperson. date sold. and price
D. Item name. salesperson. price. shipping cost. and date shipped
Answer: C
Explanation:
To create a quarterly sales report broken down by unit and week, the most necessary
information is the item number, item name, salesperson, date sold, and price. These data
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elements can help the sales manager to track the sales volume, revenue, and performance of
each unit and each week within a quarter. The item number and item name can identify the
products or services sold by each unit. The salesperson can indicate the individual or team
responsible for each sale. The date sold can show when each sale occurred and how it relates
to the weekly and quarterly goals. The price can show how much revenue each sale generated
and how it contributes to the unit and quarterly totals.
13. Which of the following BEST describes the issue in which character values are mixed with
integer values in a data set column?
A. Duplicate data
B. Missing data
C. Data outliers
D. Invalid data type
Answer: D
Explanation:
The invalid data type is the best description for the issue in which character values are mixed
with integer values in a data set column. Invalid data type means that the data does not match
the expected or required format or structure fora given variable or attribute. For example, if a
column is supposed to store numerical values, but some rows contain text values, then those
rows have an invalid data type.
Reference: CompTIA Data+ Certification Exam Objectives, page 10
14. Which of the following descriptive statistical methods are measures of central tendency?
(Choose two.)
A. Mean
B. Minimum
C. Mode
D. Variance
E. Correlation
F. Maximum
Answer: A, C
Explanation:
Mean and mode are measures of central tendency, which describe the typical or most common
value in a distribution of data. Mean is the arithmetic average of all the values in a dataset,
calculated by adding up all the values and dividing by the number of values. Mode is the most
frequently occurring value in a dataset. Other measures of central tendency include median,
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which is the middle value when the data is sorted in ascending or descending order.
15. Joseph is interpreting a left skewed distribution of test scores. Joe scored at the mean,
Alfonso scored at the median, and gaby scored and the end of the tail.
Who had the highest score?
A. Joseph
B. Joe
C. Alfonso
D. Gaby
Answer: C
Explanation:
Alfonso had the highest score. A left skewed distribution is a distribution where the tail is longer
on the left side than on the right side, meaning that most of the values are clustered on the right
side and there are some outliers on the left side. In a left skewed distribution, the mean is less
than the median, which is less than the mode. Therefore, Joseph, who scored at the mean, had
the lowest score, Gaby, who scored at the end of the tail, had the second lowest score, and
Alfonso, who scored at the median, had the highest score.
Reference: Skewness - Statistics How To
16. A web developer wants to ensure that malicious users can't type SQL statements when they
asked for input, like their username/userid.
Which of the following query optimization techniques would effectively prevent SQL Injection
attacks?
A. Indexing.
B. Subset of records.
C. Temporary table in the query set.
D. Parametrization.
Answer: D
Explanation:
The correct answer is D: Parametrization. Parameterized SQL queries allow you to place
parameters in an SQL query instead of a constant value. A parameter takes a value only when
the query is executed, allowing the query to be reused with different values and purposes.
Parameterized SQL statements are available in some analysis clients, and are also available
through the Historian SDK. For example, you could create the following conditional SQL query,
which contains a parameter for the collector's name: SELECT* FROM ExamsDigest WHERE
coursename=? ORDER BY tagname SQL Injection is best prevented through the use of
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parameterized queries.
17. You would like to measure how well an organization is achieving its goals.
What type of analysis should you perform?
A. Performance analysis.
B. Outlier analysis.
C. Predictive analysis.
D. Trend analysis.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Performance analysis is the technique of studying or comparing the performance of a specific
situation in contrast to the aim and yet executed. In Human Resources, performance analysis
can help to review an employee's contribution towards a project or assignment, which they
allotted him or her.
18. A data analyst is creating a dashboard and trying to identify the type of information that
should be included.
Which of the following should the analyst consider first?
A. Data refresh rate
B. Consumer types
C. Access permissions
D. Data sources and attributes
Answer: D
Explanation:
The answer is D. Data sources and attributes.
Short explanation: The data analyst should consider the data sources and attributes first when
creating a dashboard, because they determine what kind of information can be included and
how it can be displayed. The data sources and attributes define the origin, quality, format, and
structure of the data that will be used for the dashboard. They also affect the data refresh rate,
the consumer types, and the access permissions of the dashboard12
A) Data refresh rate is not the first thing to consider, because it depends on the data sources
and attributes. The data refresh rate is how often the data in the dashboard is updated or
refreshed to reflect the latest changes. The data refresh rate can vary depending on the type,
frequency, and availability of the data sources1
B) Consumer types are not the first thing to consider, because they depend on the data sources
and attributes. The consumer types are the intended audiences or users of the dashboard, who
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may have different needs, preferences, and expectations for the dashboard. The consumer
types can influence the design, layout, and functionality of the dashboard. However, the
consumer types cannot be determined without knowing what kind of data is available and
relevant for them1
C) Access permissions are not the first thing to consider, because they depend on the data
sources and attributes. The access permissions are the rules or policies that govern who can
view, edit, or share the dashboard. The access permissions can protect the confidentiality,
integrity, and availability of the data in the dashboard. However, the access permissions cannot
be set without knowing what kind of data is involved and who needs to access it1
19. Refer to the exhibit.
Given the table below:
Which of the following variable types BEST describes the “Year” column?
A. Numeric
B. Date
C. Alphanumeric
D. Text
Answer: B
Explanation:
This is because date is a type of variable that represents a specific point or period in time, such
as a day, a month, or a year. Date variables can be used to store, manipulate, or analyze
temporal data, such as transaction dates, birth dates, or expiration dates. For example, date
variables can be used to calculate the duration or the difference between two dates, or to filter
or sort the data by date. The other variable types are not correct descriptions of the “Year”
column.
Here is why:
Numeric is a type of variable that represents a numerical value, such as an integer, a decimal,
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or a fraction. Numeric variables can be used to store, manipulate, or analyze quantitative data,
such as amounts, prices, or scores. For example, numeric variables can be used to perform
arithmetic operations or calculations on the data, or to measure the central tendency or the
dispersion of the data.
Alphanumeric is a type of variable that represents a combination of alphabetic and numeric
characters, such as letters, numbers, symbols, or spaces. Alphanumeric variables can be used
to store, manipulate, or analyze textual data, such as names, addresses, or codes. For
example, alphanumeric variables can be used to concatenate or split the data, or to search or
match the data using patterns or expressions.
Text is a type of variable that represents a sequence of alphabetic characters, such as letters or
words. Text variables can be used to store, manipulate, or analyze textual data, such as names,
categories, or labels. For example, text variables can be used to change the case or the length
of the data, or to compare or classify the data using criteria or rules.
20. A recurring event is being stored in two databases that are housed in different geographical
locations. A data analyst notices the event is being logged three hours earlier in one database
than in
the other database.
Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of the issue?
A. The data analyst is not querying the databases correctly.
B. The databases are recording different events.
C. The databases are recording the event in different time zones.
D. The second database is logging incorrectly.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The most likely cause of the issue is that the databases are recording the eventin different time
zones. A time zone is a region that observes a uniform standard time for legal, commercial, and
social purposes. Different time zones have different offsets from Coordinated Universal Time
(UTC), which is the primary time standard by which the world regulates clocks and time. For
example, UTC-5 is five hours behind UTC, while UTC+3 is three hours ahead of UTC. If an
event is being stored in two databases that are housed in different geographical locations with
different time zones, it may appear that the event is being logged at different times, depending
on how the databases handle the time zone conversion. For example, if one database records
the event in UTC-5 and another database records the event in UTC+3, then an event that
occurs at 12:00 PM in UTC-5 will appear as 9:00 AM in UTC+3. The other options are not likely
causes of the issue, as they are either unrelated or implausible. The data analyst is not querying
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the databases incorrectly, as this would not affect the time stamps of the events. The databases
are not recording different events, as they are supposed to record the same recurring event.
The second database is not logging incorrectly, as there is no evidence or reason to assume
that.
Reference: [Time zone - Wikipedia]
21. Which of the following would a data analyst look for first if 100% participation is needed on
survey results?
A. Missing data
B. Invalid data
C. Redundant data
D. Duplicate data
Answer: A
Explanation:
Missing data is a type of data quality issue that occurs when some values in a data set are not
recorded or available. Missing data can affect the validity and reliability of survey results,
especially if the missing values are not random or ignorable. Missing data can also reduce the
sample size and the statistical power of the analysis12
If 100% participation is needed on survey results, a data analyst would look for missing data
first, because missing data would indicate that some participants did not complete or submit the
survey, or that some responses were not recorded or transmitted correctly. A data analyst would
need to identify the causes and patterns of missing data, and apply appropriate methods to
handle or prevent missing data, such as imputation, deletion, weighting, or follow-up12
22. The ACME Corporation hired an analyst to detect data quality issues in their Excel
documents.
Which of the following are the most common issues? (Select TWO)
A. Apostrophe.
B. Commas.
C. Symbols.
D. Duplicates.
E. Misspellings.
Answer: D, E
Explanation:
23. Which of the following is a process that is used during data integration to collect, blend, and
load data?
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A. MDM
B. ETL
C. OLTP
D. BI
Answer: B
Explanation:
ETL is a process that is used during data integration to collect, blend, and load data. ETL
stands for extract, transform, and load, which are the three main steps involved in moving data
from different sources to a common destination, such as a data warehouse or a data lake. ETL
helps to consolidate and standardize data for analysis and reporting purposes.
Reference: CompTIA Data+ Certification Exam Objectives, page 12
24. A development company is constructing a new unit in its apartment complex.
The complex has the following floor plans:
Using the average cost per square foot of the original floor plans, which of the following should
be the price of the Rose unit?
A. $640,900
B. $690,000
C. $705,200
D. $702,500
Answer: C
Explanation:
This is because the price of the Rose unit can be estimated using the average cost per square
foot of the original floor plans, which are Jasmine, Orchid, Azalea, and Tulip. To find the
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average cost per square foot of the original floor plans, we can use the following formula:
Plugging in the values from the original floor plans, we get:
To find the price of the Rose unit, we can use the following formula:
Plugging in the values from the Rose unit, we get:
Therefore, the price of the Rose unit should be $705,200, using the average cost per square
foot of the original floor plans.
25. Which of the following can be used to translate data into another form so it can only be read
by a user who has a key or a password?
A. Data encryption.
B. Data transmission.
C. Data protection.
D. Data masking.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Data encryption can be used to translate data into another form so it can only be read by a user
who has a key or a password. Data encryption is a process of transforming data using an
algorithm or a cipher to make it unreadable to anyone except those who have the key or the
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password to decrypt it. Data encryption is a common method of protecting data from
unauthorized access, modification, or theft.
26. Duplicates
27. An analyst needs to join two tables of data together for analysis.
All the names and cities in the first table should be joined with the corresponding ages in the
second table, if applicable.
Which of the following is the correct join the analyst should complete. and how many total rows
will be in one table?
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A. INNER JOIN, two rows
B. LEFT JOIN. four rows
C. RIGHT JOIN. five rows
D. OUTER JOIN, seven rows
Answer: B
Explanation:
The correct join the analyst should complete is B. LEFT JOIN, four rows.
A LEFT JOIN is a type of SQL join that returns all the rows from the left table, and the matched
rows from the right table. If there is no match, the right table will have null values. A LEFT JOIN
is useful when we want to preserve the data from the left table, even if there is no
corresponding data in the right table1
Using the example tables, a LEFT JOIN query would look like this:
SELECT t1.Name, t1.City, t2.Age FROM Table1 t1 LEFT JOIN Table2 t2 ON t1.Name =
t2.Name;
The result of this query would be:
Name City Age Jane Smith Detroit NULL John Smith Dallas 34 Candace Johnson Atlanta 45
Kyle Jacobs Chicago 39
As you can see, the query returns four rows, one for each name in Table1. The name John
Smith appears twice in Table2, but only one of them is matched with the name in Table1. The
name Jane Smith does not appear in Table2, so the age column has a null value for that row.
28. Emma is working in a data warehouse and finds a finance fact table links to an organization
dimension, which in turn links to a currency dimension that not linked to the fact table.
What type of design pattern is the data warehouse using?
A. Star.
B. Sun.
C. Snowflake.
D. Comet.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Correct answer C. Snowflake.
Since the dimension links to a dimension that isn't connected to the fact table, it must be a
Snowflake, with a Star, all dimensions link directly to the fact table, Sun and Comet are not data
warehouse design patterns.
29. Which of the following tools would be best to use to calculate the interquartile range,
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median, mean, and standard deviation of a column in a table that has 5.000.000 rows?
A. Microsoft Excel
B. R
C. Snowflake
D. SQL
Answer: B
30. Which of the following differentiates a flat text file from other data types?
A. Data is separated by a delimiter.
B. Data is stored in defined rows.
C. Data is defined with key-value pairs.
D. Data is housed in a markup language.
Answer: A
Explanation:
A flat text file is a type of data file that contains only plain text without any formatting or markup.
Data in a flat text file is usually separated by a delimiter, which is a character that marks the
boundary between different fields or values. For example, a comma-separated values (CSV) file
is a flat text file that uses commas as delimiters. Other common delimiters are tabs, spaces,
semicolons, and pipes. Therefore, the correct answer is A.
Reference: Plain text - Wikipedia, Comparison of document markup languages- Wikipedia
31. Which of the following best describes a business analytics tool with interactive visualization
and business capabilities and an interface that is simple enough for end users to create their
own reports and dashboards?
A. Python
B. R
C. Microsoft Power Bl
D. SAS
Answer: C
Explanation:
The best answer is C. Microsoft Power BI.
Microsoft Power BI is a business analytics and business intelligence service by Microsoft. It
aims to provide interactive visualizations and business intelligence capabilities with an interface
simple enough for end users to create their own reports and dashboards. Power BI can connect
to multiple data sources, clean and transform data, create custom calculations, and visualize
data through charts, graphs, and tables. Power BI can be accessed through a web browser,
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mobile device, or desktop application and integrated with other Microsoft tools like Excel and
SharePoint12 Python is not correct, because Python is a general-purpose programming
language that can be used for various applications, including data analysis and visualization.
However, Python is not a dedicated business analytics tool, and it requires coding or
programming skills to create reports and dashboards.
R is not correct, because R is a programming language and software environment for statistical
computing and graphics. R can be used for data analysis and visualization, but it is not a
specialized business analytics tool, and it requires coding or programming skills to create
reports and dashboards.
SAS is not correct, because SAS is a software suite for advanced analytics, business
intelligence, data management, and predictive analytics. SAS can provide interactive
visualizations and business capabilities, but it does not have an interface that is simple enough
for end users to create their own reports and dashboards. SAS also requires coding or
programming skills to use its features.
32. An e-commerce company recently tested a new website layout. The website was tested by
a test group of customers, and an old website was presented to a control group.
The table below shows the percentage of users in each group who made purchases on the
websites:
Which of the following conclusions is accurate at a 95% confidence interval?
A. In Germany, the increase in conversion from the new layout was not significant.
B. In France, the increase in conversion from the new layout was not significant.
C. In general, users who visit the new website are more likely to make a purchase.
D. The new layout has the lowest conversion rates in the United Kingdom.
Answer: A
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Explanation:
The p-value is a measure of how likely it is to observe a difference in conversion rates as large
or larger than the one observed, assuming that there is no difference between the groups. A
common threshold for statistical significance is 0.05, meaning that there is a 5% or less chance
of observing such a difference by chance alone. The table shows the p-values for each country,
and we can see that only Germany has a p-value above 0.05 (0.13). This means that we cannot
reject the null hypothesis that there is no difference in conversion rates between the test and
control groups in Germany. Therefore, the increase in conversion from the new layout was not
significant in Germany. For the other countries, the p-values are below 0.05, indicating that the
increase in conversion from the new layout was statistically significant. Option A is correct.
Option B is incorrect because the increase in conversion from the new layout was significant in
France (p-value = 0.002).
Option C is incorrect because it does not account for the variation across countries. While the
overall conversion rate for the test group (8.4%) is higher than the control group (6.8%), this
difference may not be statistically significant when we consider the country-specific effects.
Option D is incorrect because the new layout has the highest conversion rate in the United
Kingdom
(9.6%), not the lowest.
Reference:
P-value Calculator & Statistical Significance Calculator
p-value Calculator | Formula | Interpretation
How to obtain the P value from a confidence interval | The BMJ Confidence Intervals & P-values
for Percent Change / Relative Difference
33. An analyst modified a data set that had a number of issues. Given the original and modified
versions:
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Which of the following data manipulation techniques did the analyst use?
A. Imputation
B. Recoding
C. Parsing
D. Deriving
Answer: B
Explanation:
The correct answer is B. Recoding.
Recoding is a data manipulation technique that involves changing the values or categories of a
variable to make it more suitable for analysis. Recoding can be used to simplify or group the
data, to correct errors or inconsistencies, or to create new variables from existing ones12
In the example, the analyst used recoding to change the values of Var001, Var002, Var003, and
Var004 from numerical to textual form. The analyst also used recoding to assign meaningful
labels to the values, such as “Absent” for 0, “Present” for 1, “Low” for 2, “Medium” for 3, and
“High” for 4. This makes the data more understandable and easier to analyze.
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