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Pass WGU Data Management Foundations Exam | Latest Data Management Foundations Dumps & Practice Exams - Cert007 1 / 9 Exam : Title : https://www.cert007.com/exam/data-management-foundations/ WGU Data Management – Foundations Exam Data Management Foundations https://www.cert007.com/exam/data-management-foundations/ https://www.cert007.com/exam/data-management-foundations/ Pass WGU Data Management Foundations Exam | Latest Data Management Foundations Dumps & Practice Exams - Cert007 2 / 9 1.What is the role of the database administrator? A. The database administrator is a consumer of data in a database. B. The database administrator is responsible for securing the database system against unauthorized users. C. The database administrator determines the format of each data element and the overall database structure. D. The database administrator develops computer programs that utilize a database. Answer: B Explanation: A Database Administrator (DBA) is responsible for the management, security, and performance of a database system. This includes controlling access to data, ensuring database integrity, optimizing performance, managing backups, and protecting the system from unauthorized access. Option A (Incorrect): A DBA is not just a consumer of data but is primarily responsible for the database’s management. Option B (Correct): Security is one of the key responsibilities of a DBA, including enforcing user access controls and implementing encryption and authentication mechanisms. Option C (Incorrect): While DBAs work with data structures, it is typically the role of a data architect or database designer to define data formats and schema structures. Option D (Incorrect): Developing application programs that interact with the database is typically the role of software developers or database programmers, not DBAs. Reference: Database Administration best practices from SE 3050 zyBooks. 2.What is the role of the transaction manager within the database system architecture? A. The transaction manager uses information from the catalog to perform query optimization. B. The transaction manager is composed of a query processor, storage manager, transaction manager, log, and catalog. C. The transaction manager logs insert, update, and delete queries, and the result is sent back to the application. D. The transaction manager translates the query processor instructions into filesystem commands and uses an index to quickly locate the requested data. Answer: C Explanation: A Transaction Manager ensures ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability) properties in database transactions. It manages concurrent transactions, ensuring no conflicts occur and logs modifications to support recovery mechanisms. Option A (Incorrect): Query optimization is managed by the query processor, not the transaction manager. Option B (Incorrect): The transaction manager is a component of the database architecture but is not composed of the entire system (query processor, storage manager, etc.). Option C (Correct): The transaction manager logs transactions like INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE, ensuring consistency and recoverability. Option D (Incorrect): The storage manager is responsible for translating queries into file system commands. Reference: Transaction Management section in SE 3050 zyBooks. https://www.cert007.com/exam/data-management-foundations/ https://www.cert007.com/exam/data-management-foundations/ Pass WGU Data Management Foundations Exam | Latest Data Management Foundations Dumps & Practice Exams - Cert007 3 / 9 3.Which product has an open-source license in addition to having a non-relational system? A. MongoDB B. SQL Server C. MySQL D. Oracle Database Answer: A Explanation: MongoDB is a NoSQL (non-relational) database that is open-source and supports document-oriented storage. It allows for flexible schema design and is optimized for big data applications. Option A (Correct): MongoDB is a NoSQL database with an open-source AGPL license, making it both free to use and non-relational. Option B (Incorrect): SQL Server is a relational database (RDBMS) developed by Microsoft and is not open-source. Option C (Incorrect): MySQL is open-source but is a relational database (RDBMS), not a NoSQL system. Option D (Incorrect): Oracle Database is relational and proprietary (not open-source). Reference: Database Management Systems Comparison. 4.Which description defines a data type? A. It is a named set of values. B. It is an unnamed tuple of values. C. It has values corresponding to columns. D. It has a name and a varying set of rows. Answer: A Explanation: A data type defines the kind of data a column can store in a database. It ensures data consistency and efficient storage. Option A (Correct): A data type is a named set of values, such as INTEGER, VARCHAR, DATE, etc. Option B (Incorrect): A tuple refers to a row in a relational database, not a data type. Option C (Incorrect): Data types define column values, but they do not correspond directly to columns. Option D (Incorrect): Data types do not have a varying set of rows; they define attributes for columns. Reference: Data types in relational databases. 5.What does the aggregate function do? A. It computes values over a set of rows. B. It selects rows that appear in one table but not another. C. It eliminates one or more columns of a table. D. It lists combinations of rows in two tables. Answer: A Explanation: An aggregate function performs a calculation over multiple rows and returns a single value. Examples include SUM(), AVG(), MAX(), MIN(), and COUNT() in SQL. Option A (Correct): Aggregate functions compute values over a set of rows, like summing total sales or averaging grades. Option B (Incorrect): Selecting rows that appear in one table but not another is done using set operations https://www.cert007.com/exam/data-management-foundations/ https://www.cert007.com/exam/data-management-foundations/ Pass WGU Data Management Foundations Exam | Latest Data Management Foundations Dumps & Practice Exams - Cert007 4 / 9 (EXCEPT or MINUS in SQL). Option C (Incorrect): Eliminating columns is done using the PROJECT operation or SELECT with specific columns. Option D (Incorrect): Combining rows from two tables refers to a JOIN operation, not aggregation. Reference: Aggregate functions in relational algebra. 6.Which capability should databases maintain to simplify the use of SQL with a general-purpose language? A. The storage manager to interpret low-level file-system commands B. The ability to reverse results if needed C. The query processor to deliver results D. The use of an application programming interface Answer: D Explanation: Databases need to support Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) to enable seamless integration with general-purpose programming languages like Python, Java, and C#. APIs like ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) and JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) allow applications to interact with databases without requiring complex SQL commands. Option A (Incorrect): The storage manager is responsible for managing low-level file system operations, but it does not simplify SQL integration with programming languages. Option B (Incorrect): The ability to reverse results (e.g., using ORDER BY DESC) is a SQL feature but is unrelated to integration with programming languages. Option C (Incorrect): The query processor optimizes and executes SQL queries but does not provide an interface for application development. Option D (Correct): APIs allow databases to be accessed easily from different programming environments, simplifying integration. Reference: Database connectivity using APIs in SE 3050 zyBooks. 7.What is the role of a query processor in the database system architecture? A. It uses information from the catalog to perform query optimization. B. It writes log records before applying changes to the database. C. It translates instructions into file system commands. D. It sends results back to the application that requested the queries. Answer:A Explanation: A query processor is responsible for query optimization and execution in a database management system (DBMS). It analyzes SQL statements, optimizes execution plans, and ensures efficient retrieval of data. Option A (Correct): The query processor optimizes queries by analyzing metadata from the system catalog to determine the best execution strategy. Option B (Incorrect): Logging transactions before applying changes is the responsibility of the transaction manager. Option C (Incorrect): Translating instructions into file system commands is handled by the storage manager, not the query processor. Option D (Incorrect): While the query processor helps retrieve results, the database engine and API layer https://www.cert007.com/exam/data-management-foundations/ https://www.cert007.com/exam/data-management-foundations/ Pass WGU Data Management Foundations Exam | Latest Data Management Foundations Dumps & Practice Exams - Cert007 5 / 9 are responsible for returning results to applications. Reference: Query optimization and execution in relational databases. 8.Which syntax feature classifies the explicit string, numeric, or binary values used in SQL queries? A. Literals B. Comments C. Identifiers D. Keywords Answer: A Explanation: In SQL, literals represent explicit values such as numbers, strings, or binary data directly written into queries. For example: SELECT * FROM Employees WHERE Salary > 50000; Here, 50000 is a numeric literal. Option A (Correct): Literals are explicit values used in SQL queries, such as 123, 'John Doe', and TRUE. Option B (Incorrect): Comments are non-executable text used for documentation within SQL code, typically denoted by -- or /* ... */. Option C (Incorrect): Identifiers are names of tables, columns, or other database objects, such as Employee ID. Option D (Incorrect): Keywords are reserved words in SQL (e.g., SELECT, FROM, WHERE) that define operations and syntax. Reference: SQL syntax fundamentals in SE 3050 zyBooks. 9.Which keyword can be used as a clause in an ALTER TABLE statement? A. DELETE B. CHANGE C. STOP D. AGGREGATE Answer: B Explanation: The ALTER TABLE statement is used to modify an existing database table structure. One common clause is CHANGE, which allows renaming a column and modifying its data type. Example: sql ALTER TABLE Employees CHANGE COLUMN OldName NewName VARCHAR(50); Option A (Incorrect): DELETE is used to remove rows, not alter table structure. Option B (Correct): CHANGE is a valid clause for renaming and modifying columns in MySQL and some other databases. Option C (Incorrect): STOP is not a valid SQL keyword for altering tables. Option D (Incorrect): AGGREGATE refers to functions like SUM() and AVG(), not table alterations. Reference: SQLALTER TABLE syntax in SE 3050 zyBooks. 10.How many bytes of storage does a BIGINT data type hold in MySQL? A. 1 byte https://www.cert007.com/exam/data-management-foundations/ https://www.cert007.com/exam/data-management-foundations/ Pass WGU Data Management Foundations Exam | Latest Data Management Foundations Dumps & Practice Exams - Cert007 6 / 9 B. 3 bytes C. 4 bytes D. 8 bytes Answer: D Explanation: In MySQL, the BIGINT data type is a 64-bit integer that requires 8 bytes (64 bits) of storage. It is used to store large numerical values beyond the range of INT (4 bytes). Option A (Incorrect): 1 byte corresponds to TINYINT, which can store values from -128 to 127. Option B (Incorrect): 3 bytes is not a standard integer storage size in MySQL. Option C (Incorrect): 4 bytes corresponds to INT, which has a range of -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647. Option D (Correct): BIGINT takes 8 bytes and supports a massive range of numbers from -2^63 to 2^63 -1. Reference: MySQL data types and storage requirements. 11.Which action does the % operator accomplish in MySQL? A. Raises a numeric value to the power of another B. Compares two numeric values for equality C. Divides two numeric values and returns the remainder D. Subtracts a numeric value from another Answer: C Explanation: The % operator in MySQL is known as the modulus operator. It returns the remainder of a division operation between two numbers. Example: sql SELECT 10 % 3; -- Output: 1 (10 divided by 3 gives remainder 1) Option A (Incorrect): Raising a number to a power is done using the POW() function or ^ in some SQL dialects. Option B (Incorrect): The = operator is used for equality comparisons, not %. Option C (Correct): The modulus operator (%) finds the remainder when one number is divided by another. Option D (Incorrect): Subtraction is performed using the - operator. Reference: MySQL arithmetic operators. 12.Which clause from a SELECT statement immediately accompanies the SELECT clause in MySQL? A. FROM B. VALUE C. WHERE D. TABLE Answer: A Explanation: In SQL syntax, the FROM clause is the first clause that follows SELECT. It specifies the table(s) from which the data will be retrieved. Example: https://www.cert007.com/exam/data-management-foundations/ https://www.cert007.com/exam/data-management-foundations/ Pass WGU Data Management Foundations Exam | Latest Data Management Foundations Dumps & Practice Exams - Cert007 7 / 9 sql SELECT name, salary FROM Employees; Option A (Correct): The FROM clause immediately follows the SELECT clause in MySQL. Option B (Incorrect): VALUE is not a valid clause in MySQL SELECT statements. Option C (Incorrect): WHERE is used to filter records after specifying the table in FROM. Option D (Incorrect): TABLE is not a valid clause following SELECT in SQL. Reference: MySQL SELECT statement structure. 13.Which characteristic is true for non-relational databases? A. They are optimized for big data. B. They support the SQL query language. C. They are ideal for databases that require an accurate record of transactions. D. They store data in tables, columns, and rows, similar to a spreadsheet. Answer: A Explanation: Non-relational databases (also called NoSQL databases) are designed for handling big data and unstructured data efficiently. They are optimized for horizontal scaling, making them ideal for large-scale distributed systems. Option A (Correct): Non-relational databases are optimized for big data, handling massive volumes of data across distributed architectures. Option B (Incorrect): NoSQL databases do not use SQL as their primary query language. They often use JSON-based queries (e.g., MongoDB). Option C (Incorrect): Transaction-heavy applications require ACID compliance, which relational databases (SQL) handle better than NoSQL databases. Option D (Incorrect): NoSQL databases use document, key-value, graph, or column-family storage models, not tables, columns, and rows like relational databases. Reference: Characteristics of NoSQL databases. 14.Which clause is used to specify the join columns when performing a join in MySQL? A. AS B. JOIN C. ON D. AND Answer: C Explanation: When performing a JOIN operation in MySQL, the ON clause specifies the joining condition, defining which columns from both tables should be matched. Example: sql SELECT Employees.Name, Departments.DepartmentName FROM Employees JOIN Departments ON Employees.DepartmentID = Departments.ID; Option A (Incorrect): AS is used for aliasing tables and columns, not for specifying join conditions. Option B (Incorrect): JOIN defines the type of join (INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, etc.), but does not specify the columns. https://www.cert007.com/exam/data-management-foundations/ https://www.cert007.com/exam/data-management-foundations/ Pass WGU Data Management Foundations Exam | Latest Data Management Foundations Dumps & Practice Exams - Cert007 8 / 9 Option C (Correct): The ON clause is used to specify the join condition between two tables. Option D (Incorrect): AND is used in filtering conditions, not for joining tables. Reference: MySQL JOIN operations. 15.Which keyword can be used to combine two results into one table? A. UNION B. MERGE C. INTEGRATE D. CONSOLIDATE Answer: A Explanation: The UNION keyword in SQL is used tocombine the results of two or more SELECT queries into a single result set while removing duplicate rows. Example: sql SELECT Name FROM Employees UNION SELECT Name FROM Managers; Option A (Correct): UNION combines results from multiple queries into one set, removing duplicates. Option B (Incorrect): MERGE is not a valid SQL keyword for combining result sets (it is used in some database systems for data merging). Option C (Incorrect): INTEGRATE is not a SQL keyword. Option D (Incorrect): CONSOLIDATE is not an SQL keyword. Reference: SQL UNION and set operations. 16.Which type of join is demonstrated by the following query? sql SELECT * FROM Make, Model WHERE Make.ModelID = Model.ID; A. NON-EQUIJOIN B. SELF JOIN C. EQUIJOIN D. CROSS JOIN Answer: C Explanation: This query performs a join operation where records from the Make table and Model table are combined based on the condition Make.ModelID = Model.ID. This condition tests for equality, which is the definition of an EQUIJOIN. Types of Joins in SQL: EQUIJOIN (Correct Answer): Uses an equality operator (=) to match rows between tables. Equivalent to an INNER JOIN ON condition. Example: https://www.cert007.com/exam/data-management-foundations/ https://www.cert007.com/exam/data-management-foundations/ Pass WGU Data Management Foundations Exam | Latest Data Management Foundations Dumps & Practice Exams - Cert007 9 / 9 sql SELECT * FROM Employees JOIN Departments ON Employees.DeptID = Departments.ID; NON-EQUIJOIN (Incorrect): Uses comparison operators other than = (e.g., , BETWEEN). Example: sql SELECT * FROM Employees e JOIN Salaries s ON e.Salary > s.MedianSalary; SELF JOIN (Incorrect): A table is joined with itself using table aliases. Example: sql SELECT e1.Name, e2.Name AS Manager FROM Employees e1 JOIN Employees e2 ON e1.ManagerID = e2.ID; CROSS JOIN (Incorrect): Produces Cartesian product (each row from Table A combines with every row from Table B). Example: sql SELECT * FROM Employees CROSS JOIN Departments; Thus, since our given query uses an equality condition (=) to join two tables, it is an EQUIJOIN. Reference: SQL Joins in relational databases. https://www.cert007.com/exam/data-management-foundations/ https://www.cert007.com/exam/data-management-foundations/
