3V0-24 25 VMware Cloud Foundation 9 0 vSphere Kubernetes Service PDF Questions

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VMware 3V0-24.25 Exam
Advanced VMware Cloud Foundation 9.0
vSphere Kubernetes Service
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1.A Platform Engineer is tasked with managing the lifecycle of VKS clusters across multiple zones to
ensure high availability for a mission-critical app.
Scenario:
The production namespace spans Zone-A, Zone-B, and Zone-C. A TKG cluster prod-app-cluster needs to
be provisioned such that its worker nodes are evenly distributed across these three zones to tolerate a
zone failure.
Review the following TanzuKubernetesCluster spec snippet:
spec:
topology:
controlPlane:
replicas: 3
vmClass: guaranteed-medium
storageClass: gold-storage-policy
workers:
replicas: 6
vmClass: guaranteed-large
storageClass: gold-storage-policy
distribution:
type: "..." # Missing Value
Which configuration strategies are correct to ensure the desired zonal distribution? (Select all that apply.)
A. The Supervisor must be configured as a Zonal Supervisor (deployed across the 3 zones) for this
capability to function.
B. With replicas: 6 and 3 zones, the scheduler will ideally place 2 worker nodes in each zone.
C. The spec.distribution.type (or implicitly via the Supervisor's scheduler) will attempt to anti-affine the
worker nodes across the available Fault Domains (Zones) mapped to the Namespace.
D. The engineer must manually specify nodeAffinity rules for each worker in the YAML to target specific
ESXi hosts.
E. The storageClass must be unique per zone (e.g., gold-zone-a, gold-zone-b) in the YAML.
Answer: A, B, C
2.A Security Architect needs to integrate an OIDC provider (Azure AD) with vSphere to provide
authentication for a new fleet of TKG clusters. The requirement is to map the Azure AD group
k8s-platform-admins (Group Claim: 9283-uuid-xyz) to the cluster-admin role on all TKG clusters
automatically upon creation.
Which architectural approach achieves this global policy enforcement? (Choose 2.)
A. Configure the Supervisor to trust the OIDC provider directly via the Supervisor Management API,
bypassing vCenter.
B. Manually create a ClusterRoleBinding on every TKG cluster after provisioning using a script.
C. Configure the vCenter Single Sign-On Identity Provider with the Azure AD OIDC settings.
D. Use Tanzu Mission Control (if available/configured) to define an Access Policy that binds the
k8s-platform-admins group to the cluster.admin role for the "All Clusters" group.
E. It is not possible to automate this; the admin kubeconfig must be used to set up RBAC for the first time
on each cluster.
Answer: C, D
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3.A Cloud Architect is evaluating the resource consumption of the Harbor Supervisor Service.
The requirement is to support a High Availability deployment of Harbor.
What impact does enabling HA have on the Supervisor Cluster?
A. It has no impact; HA is a logical switch.
B. It requires an external database; the embedded one cannot be HA.
C. It increases the resource reservation requirement because the Harbor operator will deploy redundant
replicas of the core components (Core, Jobservice, Portal) and a clustered database/Redis, consuming
more CPU/Memory/Storage from the Supervisor's resource pool.
D. It requires deploying 3 separate Supervisor Clusters.
Answer: C
4.A VI Administrator sees that a new version of the Harbor Supervisor Service (v2.5.0) is available in the
vSphere Client "Services" inventory. The current installed version on the Supervisor Cluster
Sup-Cluster-01 is v2.4.0.
What is the correct procedure to upgrade the running Harbor service instance to the new version?
(Choose 2.)
A. Run kubectl set image deployment/harbor-core image=harbor:v2.5.0 directly on the Supervisor.
B. Download the new Service Definition (YAML/OVS) from the VMware Marketplace and update the
existing Service Definition in vCenter.
C. In the vSphere Client, navigate to Workload Management > Services > Installed Services, select
the Harbor instance, and click Upgrade Available (or "Update").
D. Upgrading Supervisor Services requires upgrading the entire vCenter Server first.
E. Uninstall the v2.4.0 service and then install v2.5.0.
Answer: B, C
5.When diagnosing a "connectivity error" between a DevOps engineer's workstation and the Supervisor
Control Plane, which architectural component is the primary entry point that must be validated first?
A. The Spherelet agent running on the ESXi host where the Control Plane VM resides.
B. The Management Network IP address of the first Supervisor Control Plane VM.
C. The Virtual IP (VIP) assigned to the Supervisor Control Plane Service on the Load Balancer.
D. The Distributed Port Group associated with the Namespace's Tier-1 Gateway.
Answer: C
6.In the context of vSphere with Tanzu, what is the specific role of a Tanzu Kubernetes Release (TKR)
within the Content Library?
A. It is a script that automates the installation of the vCenter Server Appliance.
B. It is a set of OVA templates containing the pre-built, versioned Kubernetes node images (Control Plane
and Worker) required to provision and upgrade Tanzu Kubernetes Grid clusters.
C. It is a configuration file that defines the network policies for the Supervisor Cluster.
D. It is a container image for the HAProxy Load Balancer.
Answer: B
7.A Cloud Architect is designing a storage strategy for a Zonal Supervisor deployment across 3
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Availability Zones (Zone-1, Zone-2, Zone-3) to support a highly available Kafka cluster.
Requirements:
1. Kafka brokers will be distributed across all 3 zones.
2. Each broker needs a persistent volume for data.
3. If a pod in Zone-1 fails and is rescheduled to Zone-1 (same zone), it must re-attach to its data.
4. If Zone-1 fails completely, the architecture does NOT require the data from Zone-1 to be accessible in
Zone-2 (Kafka handles app-level replication).
5. Storage management must be automated via Kubernetes.
Which storage policy design best meets these requirements while minimizing cross-zone latency and cost?
(Select all that apply.)
A. Create three distinct vSphere Storage Policies (e.g., local-zone-1, local-zone-2, local-zone-3), each
tagged to use only the local datastores within its respective zone.
B. Use a Topology-Aware Storage Class. This can be achieved by using a single Storage Policy (e.g.,
zonal-storage) that is compatible with storage in all zones, and relying on the WaitForFirstConsumer
volume binding mode.
C. Use a vSAN Stretched Cluster policy that replicates data synchronously across all zones.
D. Assign all three zonal policies to the kafka-namespace.
E. Configure the Kafka StatefulSet to use the zonal-storage class. When a pod is scheduled to a node in
Zone-1, the CSI driver (via delayed binding) will automatically provision the volume on the datastore in
Zone-1 to satisfy the topology constraint.
Answer: B, E
8.Which characteristic distinguishes a vSphere Pod from a standard virtual machine in a vSphere with
Tanzu environment?
A. A vSphere Pod cannot be managed via the vSphere Client and is only visible via kubectl.
B. A vSphere Pod runs a full heavy-weight guest operating system (Linux/Windows) managed by the
tenant.
C. A vSphere Pod runs directly on the ESXi host using a lightweight generic kernel (CRX) optimized for
containers.
D. A vSphere Pod requires a pre-existing Tanzu Kubernetes Grid cluster to be deployed.
Answer: C
9.A VKS Administrator is troubleshooting a stalled upgrade of the prod-cluster. The upgrade has halted
during the worker node rollout.
The administrator inspects the Machine object for the node currently being deleted (worker-node-02) and
finds the following event:
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Warning DrainFailed 10m machine-controller Failed to drain node: Cannot evict pod
"payment-service-5d4f7c" in namespace "finance": PodDisruptionBudget "payment-pdb"is blocking
eviction.
Review the PodDisruptionBudget (PDB) status:
NAME MIN AVAILABLE MAX UNAVAILABLE ALLOWED DISRUPTIONS AGE
5 / 10
payment-pdb 2 N/A 0 50d
The deployment payment-service currently has 2 replicas running.
What is the correct procedure to resolve this blockage and allow the upgrade to proceed? (Choose 2.)
A. Restart the Supervisor Control Plane to reset the drain controller.
B. Scale up the payment-service deployment to 3 replicas.
C. Edit the PDB to reduce minAvailable to 1.
D. Manually delete the Machine object for worker-node-02 using kubectl delete machine --force.
E. Delete the PodDisruptionBudget temporarily.
Answer: B, C
10.A Security Architect is designing a content distribution strategy for an air-gapped environment
consisting of three distinct vCenter Server instances (Sites A, B, and C). Site A has a secure, one-way link
to download images, but Sites B and C are completely isolated from the internet.
Requirement: All sites must use the exact same validated set of Tanzu Kubernetes Releases (TKRs).
What is the most efficient and consistent architectural design to manage the Content Libraries? (Select all
that apply.)
A. Enable Publishing on the Site A library.
B. Configure Site A to subscribe directly to the public VMware registry, then publish that library to B and
C. C. Manually create Local Libraries at Site B and Site C and upload the images separately to each site
via USB drive to ensure air-gap integrity.
D. Create a Local Content Library at Site A and manually upload the TKR OVAs downloaded from the
VMware portal.
E. Create Subscribed Content Libraries at Sites B and C, subscribing to the published URL of the Site A
library (assuming internal routing exists between sites).
Answer: A, D, E
11.A VKS Administrator is troubleshooting a TKG cluster provisioned with the name analytics-cluster. The
provisioning process has stalled.
The administrator runs kubectl get tanzukubernetescluster analytics-cluster -n data-science -o yaml and
observes the following status condition:
status:
conditions:
- lastTransitionTime: "2023-11-15T08:00:00Z"
message: "1 of 3 control plane VMs are ready. 0 of 5 worker VMs are ready. Storage Policy 'fast-ssd'
not found."
reason: StoragePolicyUnsatisfied
status: "False"
type: Ready
phase: Provisioning
Based on this output, what is the root cause of the stalling and how should it be resolved? (Choose 2.)
A. The storage policy fast-ssd is defined in the Cluster YAML but has not been assigned to the vSphere
Namespace data-science.
B. The Control Plane VMs are failing to boot because of insufficient CPU resources in the Resource Pool.
C. The Storage Policy fast-ssd does not exist in vCenter Server.
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D. The solution is to add the fast-ssd storage policy to the data-science Namespace service in the
vSphere Client.
E. The solution is to delete the TKG cluster and recreate it using a different storage policy name like
default-storage.
Answer: A, D
12.A Platform Engineer needs to enable the Cluster Autoscaler for an existing TKG cluster named
web-cluster to handle bursty traffic. The cluster currently has a static worker node count.
Review the TanzuKubernetesCluster YAML snippet:
spec:
topology:
workers:
replicas: 3
vmClass: best-effort-medium
storageClass: default-storage
Which modification to the YAML manifest correctly enables autoscaling for the worker node pool?
A. Add the annotations cluster.k8s.io/cluster-api-autoscaler-node-group-min-size and
cluster.k8s.io/cluster-api-autoscaler-node-group-max-size to the workers section (or the corresponding
MachineDeployment).
B. Change the replicas field to auto.
C. Create a HorizontalPodAutoscaler resource targeting the MachineSet.
D. Install the cluster-autoscaler Helm chart from the VMware marketplace into the cluster.
Answer: A
13.A DevOps team is deploying a legacy application that requires a specific Private Registry
(registry.internal.corp) to pull its container images. This registry requires authentication.
To avoid modifying every individual Pod manifest to include imagePullSecrets, the Platform Engineer
wants to configure a default deployment model for the namespace legacy-apps.
Which configuration applies the pull secret automatically to all Pods launched by the standard default
ServiceAccount in that namespace?
A. Create a ConfigMap named standard-registry and mount it to every pod using a
MutatingAdmissionWebhook.
B. Patch the default ServiceAccount in the legacy-apps namespace to add the secret name to the
imagePullSecrets list.
C. Create a Secret named default-token in the namespace; Kubernetes uses this automatically for all
registries.
D. Edit the TanzuKubernetesCluster spec to include the registry credential in the settings.network.trust
section.
Answer: B
14.A Platform Engineer is managing a fleet of TKG clusters running on a specific Supervisor. The
Supervisor is upgraded from vSphere 7.0 U2 to 7.0 U3.
After the Supervisor upgrade is complete, what is the impact on the existing TKG workload clusters?
(Select all that apply.)
7 / 10
A. The TKG clusters do not automatically upgrade; they continue running their existing Kubernetes
version.
B. The TKG clusters enter a Read-Only state until they are upgraded.
C. The TKG clusters are automatically force-upgraded to match the Supervisor's Kubernetes version
immediately.
D. The administrator can now trigger a rolling upgrade of the TKG clusters to the new TKR version by
editing their YAML manifests (e.g., changing spec.distribution.version).
E. The upgrade of the Supervisor introduces a new Tanzu Kubernetes Release (TKR) into the Content
Library, making new Kubernetes versions available for the TKG clusters.
Answer: A, D, E
15.A Cloud Administrator needs to resolve a "Condition: False" error on a Supervisor Cluster related to
network connectivity. The Supervisor cannot reach the external image registry to pull system images.
Review the following log snippet from the Supervisor's WCP service:
E1121 10:05:01.442 controller.go:120] Failed to pull image
'projects.registry.vmware.com/tkg/tanzu-kubernetes-grid-service-v2.0.0':
rpc error: code = Unknown desc = Error response from daemon: Get
https://projects.registry.vmware.com/v2/: dial tcp 10.128.0.45:443: i/o timeout
The administrator verifies that the firewall rules allow traffic from the Supervisor Management Network IP
range to the internet.
What configuration on the Supervisor is most likely missing or incorrect, preventing this connection?
(Select all that apply.)
A. The Proxy Settings (HTTP/HTTPS Proxy) have not been configured or are incorrect on the Supervisor,
preventing it from routing internet-bound traffic through the corporate gateway.
B. The Egress CIDR for the Namespaces is exhausted.
C. The Supervisor's Management Network Gateway is configured incorrectly.
D. The DNS Server settings on the Supervisor are incorrect, causing name resolution to fail.
E. The Image Registry Service has not been enabled on the Supervisor.
Answer: A, C
16.A Platform Engineer creates a custom Supervisor Service for a proprietary admission controller.
The service definition YAML includes a PreInstall hook.
What is the purpose of this hook?
A. To upgrade the vCenter Server.
B. To perform prerequisite checks (e.g., validating that a required Secret exists or checking License
validity) or infrastructure setup before the main application pods are deployed. If the hook fails, the
installation aborts.
C. To register the service with NSX.
D. To delete old data before installing.
Answer: B
17.A developer is unable to log in to a specific TKG cluster using the command kubectl vsphere login.
They receive an "Unauthorized" error.
The Security Analyst reviews the role bindings in the target namespace dev-team-1:
8 / 10
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
name: dev-read-access
namespace: dev-team-1
subjects:
- kind: User
name: sso:devuser1@corp.local
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
roleRef:
kind: ClusterRole
name: psp:vmware-system-privileged
apiGroup:rbac.authorization.k8s.io
The analyst confirms the user is valid in Active Directory.
What is the misconfiguration in the RoleBinding preventing successful interaction/authorization?
A. The binding is in the wrong namespace.
B. The roleRef is pointing to a Pod Security Policy (PSP) role, which grants pod execution permissions
but does not grant the basic get, list, or watch permissions required to view resources or authenticate
successfully to the API context.
C. kubectl vsphere login does not support Active Directory users.
D. The kind must be Group, not User.
E. The name field in subjects is using the prefix sso:, but for vCenter SSO backed users, the Supervisor
typically expects the format devuser1@corp.local (UPN) without a manual prefix, or the prefix depends on
the specific claim mapping, but sso: is generally incorrect for standard AD integration.
Answer: B
18.A Platform Engineer needs to deploy the Contour Ingress Controller on a TKG cluster to manage
Layer 7 routing for multiple microservices. The engineer wants to manage this installation as a standard
Tanzu Package.
Review the following command sequence intended for the installation:
tanzu package available list standard.tanzu.vmware.com
tanzu package install contour \
--package-name contour.tanzu.vmware.com \
--version 1.20.2+vmware.1-tkg.1 \
--values-file contour-values.yaml
What is the primary role of the --values-file (contour-values.yaml) in this deployment model?
A. It contains the TLS certificates for the applications that will be exposed by Contour.
B. It provides the credentials for the private registry where the Contour images are stored.
C. It customizes the default configuration of the Contour package, allowing the engineer to specify
settings like the LoadBalancer service type (e.g., NodePort vs LoadBalancer), Envoy replica counts, and
internal/external visibility.
D. It defines the list of Ingress resources (routes) that Contour should create immediately upon
installation.
Answer: C
mailto:devuser1@corp.local
9 / 10
19.A DevOps Engineer is architecting a "Hybrid-Cloud-Native" application stack to be deployed in the
finance-app namespace.
Architecture Requirements:
1. Frontend: Stateless Nginx web servers running as containers, managed by Kubernetes, scaling based
on CPU.
2. Backend: A legacy Microsoft SQL Server database running on Windows Server 2019. The DBA team
demands full OS access and specific storage performance policies, preventing containerization.
3. Networking: The Frontend must connect to the Backend over the internal namespace network.
Review the proposed deployment strategy:
# Frontend Manifest
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: web-front
spec:
replicas: 3
...
# Backend Manifest
apiVersion: vmoperator.vmware.com/v1alpha1
kind: VirtualMachine
metadata:
name: sql-backend
spec:
imageName: win-2019-sql.ova
className: guaranteed-xlarge
storageClass: sql-perf-policy
networkInterfaces:
- networkName: default
Which statements correctly validate this design for vSphere with Tanzu? (Select all that apply.)
A. The Frontend Deployment should utilize a Kubernetes Service to expose itself, while the Backend VM
can be accessed by the Frontend using the VM's assigned IP or DNS name (if external DNS is
configured).
B. This validly utilizes the VM Service for the SQL backend, allowing it to be provisioned as a VM (kind:
VirtualMachine) within the same namespace as the Frontend pods.
C. Because both the Pods and the VM are in the same Namespace and the VM uses the default network,
they will share the same NSX Tier-1 Gateway context (or vDS segment), enabling direct connectivity.
D. The SQL Server VM must be manually created in vCenter first, then "onboarded" to the namespace.
E. The Backend must be deployed as a vSphere Pod (kind: Pod) to communicate with the Frontend
deployment; VMs cannot talk to Pods in the same namespace.
Answer: A, B, C
20.A DevOps Engineer is evaluating the VM Service (Virtual Machine Service) included with vSphere
with Tanzu.
10 / 10
What is the primary architectural purpose of this service?
A. To run containerized applications inside a specialized Virtual Machine without a Kubernetes control
plane.
B. To replace vCenter Server as the primary management interface for all vSphere Virtual Machines.
C. To convert existing Virtual Machines into vSphere Pods automatically.
D. To allow developers to provision and manage Virtual Machines using Kubernetes-native APIs (kubectl)
alongside containerized workloads.
Answer: D
21.A Platform Engineer is troubleshooting a failed installation of the external-dns Supervisor Service.
The service status in the vSphere Client is "Error".
The engineer retrieves the logs from the service's pod and sees the following:
time="2023-11-22T10:00:00Z" level=error msg="rfc2136: failed to send TSIG authenticated message:
dns: failed to pack message: dns: bad secret"
time="2023-11-22T10:00:05Z" level=error msg="source: failed to list vSphere resources: Unauthorized"
The configuration YAML provided during installation included the following snippet for the DNS provider:
spec:
provider: rfc2136
rfc2136:
host: 192.168.10.5
zone: corp.local
tsigSecretName: external-dns-tsig-secret
What is the most likely cause of the failure? (Choose 2.)
A. The external-dns service account does not have the necessary RBAC permissions on the Supervisor
to watch/list Service and Ingress resources.
B. The storage policy for the service is full.
C. The rfc2136 provider is not supported by vSphere with Tanzu.
D. The Supervisor Cluster does not have a route to the DNS server 192.168.10.5.
E. The Kubernetes Secret external-dns-tsig-secret referenced in the config does not exist in the
namespace where the service is being deployed, or it contains an incorrect TSIG key.
Answer: A, E
22.In a vSphere with Tanzu environment, what is the primary Kubernetes resource used to define the
specific storage provider parameters (such as the vSphere CSI driver retention policy) required to
provision a volume snapshot?
A. ResourceQuota
B. StorageClass
C. VolumeSnapshotClass
D. PersistentVolumeClaim
Answer: C
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