Analyze the following statements regarding the analysis of substances:
Investigation of nitrogen
Investigation of sulfur
Investigation of phosphorus
Investigation of iodine and bromine
Analysis of substances formed by carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Analysis of nitrogenous substances
The analysis of substances formed by carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen aims to transform the hydrogen and carbon into water and carbonic acid, respectively, and determine the principles indicated in the substances formed by them.
To investigate the presence of nitrogen, it is necessary to mix the substance with pulverized potassium or lime hydrate and heat the mixture in a test tube. If there is nitrogen, ammonia is released, which is recognized by its physical characteristics and by the cloud it produces upon contact with volatile acid vapors.
To investigate the presence of sulfur, the substance is mixed with pure soda and potassium nitrate and melted in a crucible. The resulting product is dissolved in water, and the resulting solution is acidulated with hydrochloric acid. Finally, the sulfuric acid is investigated using barite.
To investigate the presence of iodine and bromine, the substances are burned with a mixture of three parts of potassium hydroxide and one part of sodium hydroxide, and their solutions are treated with palladium nitrate for iodine and silver nitrate for chlorine and bromine.
To investigate the presence of phosphorus, the same procedures are used as for sulfur, except that magnesium sulfate or iron chloride is used to investigate the presence of phosphoric acid in the solutions.
M. Lassaigne has proposed a method for investigating nitrogen that consists of transforming potassium into cyanide by heating it with nitrogenous organic substances.
a) I, II, III, IV, V, and VI are correct.
b) I, II, III, IV, and V are correct.
c) II, III, IV, and V are correct.
d) I, II, III, and V are correct.