What are polar auroras?

Polar auroras are luminous phenomena that occur in the Earth's atmosphere when atomic and subatomic particles from the Sun impact its upper layers.
The energy deposited by impacts excites air molecules and makes them shine with very characteristic and striking colors.
The impact particles are charged and the Earth's magnetic field deflects and channels them towards the regions of the atmosphere near the magnetic poles.
Polar auroras occur almost exclusively in the polar regions of the planet and are therefore called polar auroras (auroras borealis and auroras australis).