What are the main stages of a political party's life cycle? I. Growth, maturity, and decline are the main stages of a political party's life cycle...

What are the main stages of a political party's life cycle?

I. Growth, maturity, and decline are the main stages of a political party's life cycle.
II. In the growth phase, the party seeks new adherents to expand its base and prepare leaders for electoral disputes.
III. In the maturity phase, the party faces difficulties in managing internal conflicts and needs to reformulate its proposals and goals to maintain its power.
IV. In the decline phase, the party's causes fall into discredit, long-term projects disappear, and there is a general exodus from the party.
a) Only I and II are correct.
b) Only II and III are correct.
c) Only III and IV are correct.
d) I, II, III, and IV are correct.