Aula de inglês verbos

Prévia do material em texto

Verbs
Tense
Verbs are also conjugated according to their tenses. 
Verb tense indicates when the action in a sentence is
happening (e.g., in the present, future, or past). 
Conjugation of the Regular Verb to Live (based on
tense): 
 Simple Present - live
 Simple Past Simple - lived
 Simple Future - will live
Present Continuous - am living 
Past Continuous - was living 
Future Continuous - wiill be living
Present Perfect - have lived 
Past Perfect - had lived
Future Perfect - will have lived
Present Perfect Continuous - have been living 
Past Perfect Continuous - had been living 
Future Perfect Continuous - will have been living
 
 
Verbs
Simple Present 
Simple Past 
Present continuous
Shows habits or regular activities and situations 
Ex: Tom Watches Tv every day 
 
Refers to things that are generally true 
Ex: Water boils at 100°C 
 
Indicates that an activity or situation began and
ended at a particular time in the past 
Ex: Ritta called me yesterday
After when
Ex: When did you see her?
Indicates actions that are in progress at the moment
Ex: Look! It's raining
For a temporary activity or situation
Ex: I'm going out with Tom
For arrangements we made for the future
Ex: I'm having a party next Saturday
*Notes: Some verbs are almost never used in the
present continuous (agree, be, believe, belong, care,
forget, hate, hear, know, like, love, mean, mind,
notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand,
want, wish)
Verbs
Past continuous
Present perfect
Past Perfect 
Indicates that two actions occurred at the same time
but one action began earlier and was in progress
when the other action occurred
Ex: I was walking down the street when it began to
rain
Connects the past and the present -used to talk
about what has happened (or hasn't happened) in
the period up to the present
Ex: Tom has read a lot
We haven't played sports
*Usually used with already, yet, just (Tom has
already phoned her)
Ever, never (Tom has never lived abroad)
Lately, recently (They have studied a lot recently)
Since, for (Tom has lived here for 10 years)
So far (We have had three tests so far)
Used to establish a relationship between two past
actions in which one happens before the other
Ex: Sam had already left when Ann got here
Verbs
Present Perfect Continuous
Past Perfect Continuous
For actions that continue into the present
Ex: I've been waiting for 2 hours
For actions repeated over a period of time
Ex: I've been trying to get into one of his concerts
for years
For actions that have just stopped
Ex: I've been standing in the rain for the last hour
Emphasizes the duration of an activity that was in
progress before another activity or time in the
past
Ex: The police had been looking for the criminal
for two years when they finally caught him
Expresses an activity in progress close in time to
another activity or time in the past
Ex: When Judy got home, her hair was still wet
because she had bem swimming
Verbs
Future simple
Be going to
Future Perfect 
- Used for simple predictions 
Ex: Prices will come down in a few weeks
- Used when we are speaking about a decision at the
moment of making it
Ex: I think I'll phone her now
- For requests
Will youbhold my camera?
- For predictions
They will be here soon
- Expresses a prior plan
Ex: I need my driver's license because I'm going to
hire a car
- Predicts a future event which seems certain
because of present evidence
Ex: Look out! The tree is going to fall
- Expresses intentions we had in the past (but we
have now changed our plans)
Ex: I was going to phone you, but I lost your number
- An action that was planned in the past didn't
happen, we use was/were + going to
Ex: I was going to watch a movie with my friends
- Expresses an activity that will be completed before
another time or event in the future
Ex: I will have finished my homework by the time I
go out on a date tonight
Verbs
Use of Gerunds
Verb + object + to infinitive: advise, ask, except,
invite, order, persuade, teach, tell, want, force,
remind, warn
Verbs followed by gerund or infinitive - no
difference in meaning
After certain verbs: Admit, appreciate, avoid, can't
help, consider, delay, deny, detest, keep, miss,
postpone, quit, recommend, regret, suggest
Ex: I aprreciate studying with Meg 
John avoids giving answers immediately 
He admitted making the mistake 
Mr. Smith suggested writing another composition
After prepositions: He left without saying a word 
 Tom needs more practice in driving
Possessive + gerund: 
- I can't explain my running out of money in two days
(I ran out of money in two days and can't explain that)
- Nobody understood Ted's moving up to Canada (Ted
moved up to Canada and nobody understood that)
Ex: His parents advised him not to rush into things 
 Karen wants me to help her choose a costume
Begin, can't bear/stand, continue, hate, intend, like,
love, prefer, start
Ex: I hate to watch/watching television 
He began to shout/shouting 
She continued to type/typing the text