OFICINA DE REDAÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA AV NOTA 6

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FERNANDA DE OLIVEIRA VIANA MACHADO
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Disc.: DGT0637 - OFICINA DE REDAÇÃO EM LÍNGUA INGLESA Período: 2022.3 EAD (G) / AV
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 1a Questão (Ref.: 202007265984)
According to Labov, narratives are composed of six different components: abstract, orientation, complicating
action, evaluation, resolution and coda. Choose the option that best justifies the reason why the selected
fragment can be classified as part of the orientation of hooks' narrative:
It was clearly the Gloria Jean of my tormented and anguished childhood that I wanted to be rid of, the girl who
was always wrong, always punished, always subjected to some humiliation or other, always crying, the girl who
was to end up in a mental institution because she could not be anything but crazy, or so they told her. She was
the girl who sat a hot iron on her arm pleading with them to leave her alone, the girl who wore her scar as a
brand marking her madness. Even now I can hear voices of my sisters saying, "mama make Gloria stop crying".
Retrieved from: hooks, bell. Talking Back: Thinking Feminist, Thinking Black. Chapter 22: Writing
Autobiography. Routledge: New York, 2015.
Because it summarizes the main topic of hooks¿ narrative, answering the question "what happened?".
Because it signals the end of hooks' narrative, bringing readers back from her childhood memories to the
present time.
Because it provides readers with important orienting information, allowing them to take a peek at hooks'
childhood experiences and, thus, understand the narrator's longing to talk about her past and, by such
means, kill her former self.
Because it wraps up hooks' narrative, bringing it to an end with a brief description of her final decisions.
Because it focuses exclusively on hooks¿ evaluation of the events that marked her childhood, solely aiming at
transmitting their emotional impact to those who read her text.
 
 2a Questão (Ref.: 202007266043)
The paragraph below was taken from a paper published in the field of Applied Linguistics. Choose the alternative
containing a true statement about it:
"In the course of the research, a survey was conducted among residents[...]. A project of a model of a
developing speech environment for extracurricular activities at schools was put forward." Retrieved from:
https://alrjournal.com/jvi.aspx?pdir=alrj&plng=eng&volume=5&issue=2&showabs=true
The subjects responsible for the methodological procedures were the residents.
Passive voice usage in the extract is a strategy to avoid directly referring to the reader.
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The extract is made up of a componential description.
The passive voice is preferred because the extract is describing the study procedures.
The active voice would be more adequate for this extract, so that the reader becomes acquainted with the
scholars responsible for the study.
 
 3a Questão (Ref.: 202007265912)
Bell hooks was a feminist antiracist North American scholar, who preferred to spell her name with lowercase
letters to spotlight her ideas rather than her own self. Before she died in December 2021, hooks wrote several
books on topics such as race, gender and teaching as a transgressive and liberatory practice. The excerpt below
was retrieved from the chapter Writing Autobiography, in her book Talking Back: Thinking Feminist, Thinking
Black, in which she discusses her experiences with writing about her own past. Choose the option that best
justifies the reason why the selected fragment can be classified as an abstract:
To me, telling the story of my growing-up years was intimately connected with the longing to kill the self I was
without really having to die. I wanted to kill that self in writing. Once that self was gone-out of my life forever-I
could more easily become the me of me.
Retrieved from: hooks, bell. Talking Back: Thinking Feminist, Thinking Black. Chapter 22: Writing
Autobiography. Routledge: New York, 2015.
Because it quickly outlines the bond between hook¿s longing to kill her former self, the girl from the rough
years of her childhood, and her drive towards writing her autobiography, thus summarizing the main topic of
her narrative.
Because it signals the end of hooks¿ narrative, bringing the reader back from her childhood memories to the
present time.
Because it provides a final resolution for hook¿s longing to kill her former self, the girl from the rough years
of her childhood, and led to the writing of her autobiography.
Because it contains clues on the narrative¿s main characters, briefly sketching the identities of those who
played a role in hooks¿ childhood experiences.
Because it provides basic information on the time, place and characters of hooks¿ narrative.
 
 4a Questão (Ref.: 202007266027)
Labov (2013, p. 15) argues that tensed verbs are at "the heart of narrative construction". While narratives
usually make use of past tenses, other structures can also be used. Alternatively, for instance, past perfect
tenses may also be chosen in narratives. LABOV, William. The Language of Life and Death. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 2013.
 
Read the extracts (retrieved from: hooks, bell. Talking Back: Thinking Feminist, Thinking Black. Chapter 22:
Writing Autobiography. Routledge: New York, 2015) and choose the one which could be rewritten using the past
perfect:
"I remembered that we played with this toy only at my grandfather's house, that we shared it, that I would
ride it and my brother would push me".
"Remembering was part of a cycle of reunion, a joining of fragments, "the bits and pieces of my heart" that
the narrative made whole again".
"I could more easily become the me of me".
"Writing the autobiographical narrative enabled me to look at my past from a different perspective and to use
this knowledge as a means of self-growth and change in a practical way".
"The longing to tell one's story and the process of telling is symbolically a gesture of longing to recover the
past in such a way that one experiences both a sense of reunion and a sense of release".
 
 5a Questão (Ref.: 202007269181)
Mark the option which justifies the predominant verb tense in the evidentiary paragraph below.
"A landslide occurs when the stability of a slope is disturbed by heavy rainfall, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions
or even human activity, leading rock, debris or mud to fall down the slope. They can occur anywhere in the
world, and are the most common type of geological event. Landslides affected an estimated 4.8 million people
and caused more than 18,000 deaths between 1998 and 2017."
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Retrieved from: https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20220225-how-hong-kong-protects-people-from-its-
deadly-landslides
There is a predominance of the Simple Present tense since the author alludes to habitual actions of an ever-
growing population of 4.8 million people.
The Simple Past tense is prevailing because the paragraph exposes geological events that occurred in specificmoments in the past.
The progressive aspect in the present dominates the extract since it situates the reader in ongoing geological
circumstances.
The Simple Present tense is preferred because the author resorts to scientific knowledge and quantitative
data which are factual and verifiable.
The Present Perfect is preferred in most phrases as the author alludes to phenomena which started in 1998
and are still verifiable
 
 6a Questão (Ref.: 202007269182)
Choose the option containing a description which is NOT appropriate to describe an inverted pyramid scheme in
expository texts.
Overall, the format includes a descending order of importance in the information displayed.
The least important pieces of information are exposed in the last paragraphs.
It consists of a detailed and compelling account of something or someone.
That format of prose displays the essential information in the initial paragraphs.
Questions such as "What?", "Who?", "When?", "Where?" and "Why?" are answered in the beginning.
 
 7a Questão (Ref.: 202007269176)
All the options below contain a piece of evidence to support the following thesis statement, except for:
"Black people, Latinos, and Native Americans were undercounted during the United States 2020 national
census, new US Census Bureau data showed, potentially affecting political representation and federal funding
for communities with significant minority populations."
"The count of the Latino population was likely 5 percent too low, more than three times the undercount
estimated for the 2010 census, the bureau said on Thursday."
"For decades, the census has overcounted white people while undercounting people of colour"
"The 2020 census faced several challenges, including the coronavirus pandemic, which forced the bureau to
suspend its door-to-door operations temporarily and may have made some households more reluctant to
speak to interviewers."
"Data released on Thursday included only national estimates. A more detailed state-level analysis is expected
in a few months."
"More than 3 percent of Black people were not included, while Native Americans and Native Alaskans on
reservations were undercounted by more than 5 percent, both worse than in 2010."
 
 8a Questão (Ref.: 202007279686)
This extract is part of a paper on children¿s knowledge of words which are polysemic. Read it and choose and
match the numbered structures with the hedging strategies employed by the authors.
(1) Research with adults shows that wordforms with more related meanings are processed and learnt more
easily than wordforms with unrelated meanings in a variety of semantic tasks (Eddington and Tokowicz 2015;
Maciejewski et al. 2020). There is also some suggestion that in an L2, adults (2) may more readily accept
related meanings of homonyms than unrelated meanings (Maby 2016). Whilst there appears to be very limited
data on this topic with children, (3) one recent study suggested that children and adults learn the meanings
of novel homonyms better when their two meanings are related than if they are unrelated (Floyd and Goldberg
2020). Therefore, it (4) seems that more highly related word meanings may be easier to learn than unrelated
word meanings.
Retrieved from: https://academic.oup.com/applij/advance-article/doi/10.1093/applin/amab028/6277142?
searchresult=1
(1) distancing/ (2) likelihood/ (3) distancing/ (4) weaker verb
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(1) weaker verb/ (2) likelihood/ (3) distancing/ (4) weaker verb
(1) weaker verb/ (2) likelihood/ (3) likelihood/ (4) weaker verb
(1) distancing/ (2) likelihood/ (3) likelihood/ (4) weaker verb
(1) weaker verb/ (2) distancing/ (3) likelihood/ (4) weaker verb
 
 9a Questão (Ref.: 202007279688)
Analyze this paragraph of an article which problematizes the implementation of environmental sustainability
goals at companies of the private sector. Then, label the following statements as either True (T) or False (F).
"Companies play a decisive role in reaching the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). They have unique
capabilities that can advance sustainability objectives (Hajer et al., 2015; Lucci, 2012; Oetzel & Doh, 2009;
Porter & Kramer, 2011; United Nations Global Compact, 2017), yet companies often also negatively impact
sustainable development (Frynas, 2005; Kourula et al., 2017). This makes achieving the SDGs contingent on
increasing the private sector's positive and mitigating its negative impacts (e.g., Kolk et al., 2017; Kourula et
al., 2017; Mio et al., 2020; van Tulder, 2018; van Zanten & van Tulder, 2018, 2020a, 2020b, 2021; Witte &
Dilyard, 2017). This critical role of companies in the SDGs is recognized by the United Nations (UN)." Retrieved
from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bse.2835
(1) The predominance of the Simple Present tense in the paragraph is adequate since it argues for well-
established ideas in the field.
(2) The use of the contrasting connector "yet" introduces a counterargument against the implementation of
such goals at private companies.
(3) The "recognition" of the author's thesis by an institution such as the UN is an appeal to pathos.
(1) F/ (2) F/ (3) F
(1) T/ (2) F/ (3) F
(1)F/ (2) F/ (3) T
(1)F/ (2) T/ (3) T
(1) T/ (2) T/ (3) F
 
 10a Questão (Ref.: 202007279774)
This paragraph shows part of a text which tackles widely spread notions on the concept of deep learning.
Analyze the expressions and strategies used by the author and choose the alternative regarding the prothesis or
proposition he defends in the extract.
"One could be excused for assuming that deep learning had or will soon usurp all credible work in reasoning,
artificial intelligence, and statistics, but like most "meme" class broad generalizations the concept does not hold
up to scrutiny. Memes do not generally matter since the experts will always know better; but in the case of
Bayesian software like Stan and PyMC3, even their developers and advocates bemoan the apparent dominance
of deep learning [...] The facts, however, do not support the assumed dominance of deep learning in science
upon closer examination. This letter simply makes the argument by the crudest of possible metrics, citation
count, that once the discipline of Computer Science is subtracted, Bayesian software accounts for nearly a third
of research citations." Retrieved from https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ail2.62
The author's core argument is that neither deep learning nor other softwares are currently relevant,
according to myriad citations.
The verb "excuses" and the adjectives "simply" and "crudest" introduce the thesis that deep learning will
become prevailing in the author¿s area of inquiry.
The author uses the contrasting connectors "but" and "however", as well as allusions to logos to introduce a
counterargument towards the idea that deep learning will dominate his field.
The author appeals to the ethos of "experts", "developers" and "advocates" of his area to support the
predominance of deep learning.
The adverb "simply" and the adjective "crudest" suggest a derogatory tone against the thesis of the
dominance of bayesian softwares.
 
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