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Escuela Industrial y Preparatoria Técnica Álvaro Obregón
Mecatrónica Industrial 
The Nature of Life
Evidence of learning 3
Ecological processes
2017179	ALCOCER MERLA BRANDON MIGUEL
1999430	GARDUÑO DAVILA MARCOS URIEL
1993688	GONZALEZ DE LA ROSA ARMANDO
2005818	GONZALEZ QUEZADA CARLOS MOISES
1998291	MENDIBIL RAMÍREZ LAILA PILAR
2016471	SAAVEDRA GONZALEZ ANGEL OZIEL
Ecological processes
The four fundamental ecological processes of ecosystems are the water cycle, biogeochemical (or nutrient) cycles, energy flow and community dynamics, that is, how the composition and structure of an ecosystem changes after a disturbance ( succession).
Water cycle
The properties of water provide a perfect medium for the biological reactions that occur within cells, from the ability to store energy through photosynthesis, to the consumption of energy through respiration. The water that evaporates from the oceans with the energy of the sun, is transported by the circulation of the winds around the planet.
Nutrient cycles
The chemical elements that constitute living beings such as carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, sulfur and others, are transported between living organisms and between the non-living components of the planet. These elements are an essential part of the structure and function of living organisms. Some accumulate in them while they are alive and return to the ground and the atmosphere when they die.
Energy flow
Living things require energy to carry out their basic activities of growth, reproduction and survival. Plants are the primary producers that transform the sun's energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis. Herbivores, as primary consumers, feed on plants and obtain nutrients and energy from them, which in turn are passed on to carnivores and from these to decomposers. The flow of energy through living beings is known as the trophic chain or food chain, and each of the levels through which it passes is known as trophic levels.
Carbohydrates, when combined with oxygen, break down, providing energy and returning to carbon dioxide and water.
Succession
After a disturbance event that affects some of the populations, the process of change of the community to its previous state is known as ecological succession. When the modification of the environment has been total, as in the case of an eruption that completely erases the original environment, or when a new environment is created as in the case of volcanic islands that are born in the middle of the sea, the process is called succession primary. When the modification has been partial and some of the original species remain, the process is called secondary succession. Clements was one of the pioneers in the study of the phenomenon of succession and in the development of its theory.
Clements suggested that after a disturbance vegetation returns to a "climax" state, determined by weather conditions. Currently, the main disturbance regime is constituted by human activities.