Eviedencia de biologia et3

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Escuela Industrial Y Preparatoria Álvaro Obregón
Biology in Healthcare
Evidence of learning
	1999430
GARDUÑO DAVILA MARCOS URIEL
1993688
GONZALEZ DE LA ROSA ARMANDO
2005818
GONZALEZ QUEZADA CARLOS MOISES
1998291
MENDIBIL RAMÍREZ LAILA PILAR
2016471
SAAVEDRA GONZALEZ ANGEL OZIEL
2010260
SAUCEDA GARCIA CRISTINA DAMARIS
	
Diabetes Disease
Diabetes is a disease in which glucose levels in the blood are very high. Glucose comes from the foods you eat. In type 1 diabetes, the body does not make insulin. In type 2 diabetes, the most common, the body does not make or use insulin properly. One type of test, the A1c, can also check how well you are managing your diabetes. Exercise, weight control, and sticking to your meal plan can help control diabetes.
Organs affected
· Eyes
The eyes have tiny blood vessels. Some blood vessels can become inflamed and weak. This can cause vision problems or blindness. High blood pressure can also make eye problems worse.
· Heart
High blood sugar levels can also damage larger blood vessels that supply oxygen to the heart and brain. Fat can also accumulate in blood vessels. These fat deposits can break down, leading to blood clots and blockage of blood vessels.
· Nerves
Nerves carry messages between the brain and other parts of the body. Having high blood sugar levels for many years can damage the blood vessels that carry oxygen to some nerves. Damaged nerves can stop sending messages.
· Feet
Diabetes can damage your feet in two ways. Nerve damage keeps you from feeling pain or other problems in your feet. Poor blood flow makes it difficult for sores to heal or resolve an infection.
· Kidneys
Think of the kidneys as a coffee filter. When you prepare coffee, the filter prevents the passage of coffee beans, but allows the passage of water. The kidneys do something similar. The kidneys are full of tiny blood vessels.
Kidney disease caused by diabetes is called "diabetic kidney disease." It is the leading cause of kidney failure in the United States.
Symptoms
· Increased thirst and urination
· Fatigue
· Blurry vision
· Unexpected weight loss
· Increased hunger
· Slow-healing sores and frequent infections
· Red and swollen gums
· Tingling or numbness in the hands or feet
Treatment
Treatment for type 1 diabetes involves insulin injections or use of an insulin pump, frequent blood glucose monitoring, and carbohydrate counting. Treatment of type 2 diabetes primarily involves lifestyle changes and blood glucose control, along with diabetes medications, insulin, or both. Depending on your treatment plan, you can monitor and record your blood glucose level up to four times a day or more often if you take insulin. People who have type 2 diabetes and do not take insulin tend to check their blood glucose level much less frequently.
People receiving insulin treatment can choose to control their blood glucose levels with continuous glucose monitoring. An elevated HbA1c level may indicate the need to change your insulin or oral medication regimen, or your meal plan. Insulin. People with type 1 diabetes need insulin therapy to survive.
Many people who have type 2 diabetes or gestational diabetes also need insulin treatment. There are many types of insulin available, including short-acting, fast-acting, long-acting, and other options in between. Depending on your needs, your doctor can prescribe a combination of insulin types to use throughout the day and night. Insulin cannot be taken by mouth to lower blood glucose because enzymes in the stomach interfere with its action.
Insulin is often injected using a syringe and fine needle or an insulin pen. An insulin pump can also be an option. It has a tube that connects the insulin reservoir to a catheter that is inserted under the skin of the abdomen. You program your insulin pump to dispense specific amounts.
It can be adjusted to deliver more or less insulin depending on the food eaten, activity level, and blood glucose level. The artificial pancreas is also known as closed-loop insulin delivery. This implanted device connects a continuous glucose meter to an insulin pump. The device automatically delivers the correct amount of insulin when the meter indicates the need.
Some diabetes medications stimulate the pancreas to make and release more insulin. Others inhibit the production and release of glucose from the liver, which means that you will need less insulin to transport glucose into your cells. Others even block the action of the stomach or intestinal enzymes that are responsible for the breakdown of carbohydrates, or make tissues more sensitive to insulin. With a successful pancreas transplant, you would no longer need insulin therapy.
Preventive measures
1. Lose weight and keep it off
Weight control is an important part of diabetes prevention. You may be able to prevent or delay diabetes by losing 5 to 10 percent of your current weight. For example, if you weigh 200 pounds, your goal would be to lose between 10 and 20 pounds.
2. Follow a healthy eating plan.
It is important to reduce the number of calories you eat and drink each day so that you can lose weight and keep it off. To achieve this, your diet must include smaller portions and less fat and sugar. You should also eat foods from each food group, including lots of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables.
3. Exercise regularly
Exercise has many health benefits, including helping you lose weight and lower your blood sugar levels. Try to get at least 30 minutes of physical activity five days a week. You can start slowly until you reach your goal.
4. Do not smoke
Smoking can lead to insulin resistance, which can lead to type 2 diabetes. If you already smoke, try to quit smoking
5. Eliminate sugar and refined carbohydrates from your diet
Eating sugary foods and refined carbohydrates can put people at risk on a fast track to developing diabetes.
In people with prediabetes, cells are resistant to the action of insulin, so th4e sugar remains in the blood. Many studies have shown a link between frequent consumption of sugar or refined carbohydrates and the risk of diabetes.