<div id="pf1" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w0 h1" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/6bfda964-9132-47c3-a664-6ebc927fd3cb/bg1.png"><div class="c x0 y1 w1 h0"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y4 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h2 y5 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h3 y6 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">DERE</span><span class="fc1 sc0">CH</span><span class="fc1 sc0">O</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> P</span><span class="fc1 sc0">E</span><span class="fc1 sc0">N</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">AL I</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">CÁ</span><span class="fc1 sc0">T</span><span class="fc1 sc0">E</span><span class="fc1 sc0">DR</span><span class="fc1 sc0">A B</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h3 y7 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">AÑO 2</span><span class="fc1 sc0">020</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h3 y8 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">MATERIA</span><span class="fc1 sc0">L </span><span class="fc1 sc0">D</span><span class="fc1 sc0">E</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">E</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ST</span><span class="fc1 sc0">UDIO</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">O</span><span class="fc1 sc0">BLI</span><span class="fc1 sc0">GA</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">TORIO</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x7 h3 y9 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">PROFESO</span><span class="fc1 sc0">R TIT</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ULAR DR</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">JOS</span><span class="fc1 sc0">É MI</span><span class="fc1 sc0">LT</span><span class="fc1 sc0">O</span><span class="fc1 sc0">N P</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">E</span><span class="fc1 sc0">RA</span><span class="fc1 sc0">LT</span><span class="fc1 sc0">A</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h2 ya ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h2 yb ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h2 yc ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf2" class="pf w2 h4" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w2 h4"><img class="bi x0 y1 w3 h5" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/6bfda964-9132-47c3-a664-6ebc927fd3cb/bg2.png"><div class="t m0 x8 h6 yd ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">Lección 1: </span></div><div class="t m0 x9 h6 ye ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">material de estudio </span></div><div class="t m0 xa h6 yf ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">principal </span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf3" class="pf w4 h7" data-page-no="3"><div class="pc pc3 w4 h7"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y10 w5 h8" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/6bfda964-9132-47c3-a664-6ebc927fd3cb/bg3.png"><div class="t m0 xb h9 y11 ff4 fs3 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">I. EL DERECHO PENAL COMO MEDIO DE CONTROL S<span class="blank _0"></span>OCIAL<span class="blank _1"> </span><span class="fs4 v1">39</span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y12 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">contra las medidas d<span class="fc1 sc0">e </span><span class="fc1 sc0">seguridad </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sentido </span><span class="fc1 sc0">estricto, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">A</span>DPC<span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _2"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">1978, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">5 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ss.; </span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">R</span><span class="fc1 sc0">odríguez </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Mourullo</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Algu</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y13 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">nas </span><span class="fc1 sc0">consideraciones </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sobr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">e </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pena </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">oyecto </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">CP </span><span class="fc1 sc0">español, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">F</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ernández </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Albor </span><span class="fc1 sc0">(ed.), </span><span class="fc1 sc0">La </span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y14 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">eforma </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penitenciaria, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">1980, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">15 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ss.; </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ff5 ws1"><span class="fc1 sc0">R</span><span class="fc1 sc0">oig</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Algunos </span><span class="fc1 sc0">apuntes </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sobr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">evolución </span><span class="fc1 sc0">histórica </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y15 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">tutela </span><span class="fc1 sc0">jurídica </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">víctima </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">EPCr </span><span class="fc1 sc0">(XXII) </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">1999-2000, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">153 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ss.; </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">misma</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">La </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">eparación </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y16 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">daño </span><span class="fc1 sc0">causado </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">(Aspectos </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">civiles </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">penales), </span><span class="fc1 sc0">2000; </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">R</span><span class="fc1 sc0">omeo </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Casabona</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">eligr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">osidad </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y17 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">eventivo, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">1986; </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="ff5 ws1"><span class="fc1 sc0">R</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">oxin</span><span class="ff4 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">La </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">posizione </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">della </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">vittima </span><span class="fc1 sc0">nel </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">sistema </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">penale, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">L</span><span class="blank _5"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">\u2019indice </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">penale, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">1989, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">5 </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ss.; </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y18 ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">mismo</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">La </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">eparación </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sistema </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">jurídico-penal </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">sanciones, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en: </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">A.A.V</span><span class="blank _2"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">.V</span><span class="blank _2"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">., </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Jornadas </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">sobr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">e </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">eforma </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y19 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Alemania, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Cuadernos </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="fc1 sc0">CGPJ, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">1991; </span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">mismo</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">¿T</span><span class="fc1 sc0">iene </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">futur</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal?, </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y1a ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">RPJ </span><span class="fc1 sc0">(49) </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">1998, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">373 </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ss.; </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mismo</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">La </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">evolución </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">olítica </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Criminal, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">enal </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">oceso </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y1b ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">enal, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">2000; </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ff5 ws1"><span class="fc1 sc0">Salvador/Castiñeira</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">evenir </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">castigar, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">1997; </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">Sánchez </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Gar</span><span class="fc1 sc0">cía </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">az</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">El </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">moderno </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y1c ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">cho </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">anticipación </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">tutela, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">1999; </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">Sánz-Díez </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Ulzurrun</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">La </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">víctima </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ante </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y1d ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">ADPCP </span><span class="fc1 sc0">2004, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">219 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ss.; </span><span class="ff5 ws1"><span class="fc1 sc0">Schmidt</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Eb., </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Das </span><span class="fc1 sc0">neue </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">westdeutsche </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Wirtschaftsstrafr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echt, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">1950; </span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mismo</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y1e ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">Straftaten </span><span class="fc1 sc0">und </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Or</span><span class="fc1 sc0">dnungswidrigk</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">eiten, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="fc1 sc0">F</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">estschrift </span><span class="fc1 sc0">für </span><span class="fc1 sc0">A. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Arndt, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">1969, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">415 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ss.; </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="ff5 ws1"><span class="fc1 sc0">Schneider</span><span class="ff4 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">La </span><span class="fc1 sc0">posi</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y1f ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">ción </span><span class="fc1 sc0">jurídica </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">víctima </span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito..., </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Libr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o-Homenaje </span><span class="fc1 sc0">al </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">of. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Beristain, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">1989, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">379 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ss. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">(versión </span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y20 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">algo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">esumida </span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">trabajo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mismo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">autor </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="fc1 sc0">CPC </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">nº </span><span class="fc1 sc0">35 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">[1988], </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">355 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ss.); </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mismo</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Recompensa</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y21 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">ción </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">lugar </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sanción, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Estudios </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">enales </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Criminológicos, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">XV</span><span class="blank _2"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">1992, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">199 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ss.; </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">Serrano </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Maíllo</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y22 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">Ensayo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sobr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="fc1 sc0">como </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ciencia. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">A</span><span class="fc1 sc0">cer</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ca </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">su </span><span class="fc1 sc0">construcción, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">1999; </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ff5 ws1"><span class="fc1 sc0">Silva</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Re\ufb02exiones </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sobr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e </span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y23 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="fc1 sc0">bases </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">olítica </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Criminal, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">LH </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _2"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">orío </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">López, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">2000, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">209 </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ss.; </span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">mismo</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">La </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">expansión </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y24 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">penal. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Aspectos </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">política </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">criminal </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">sociedades </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">postindustriales, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">2ª </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ed, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">2001; </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">mismo</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">¿P</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">olítica </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y25 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">criminal </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">moderna?. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Consideraciones </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">partir </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ejemplo </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">delitos </span><span class="fc1 sc0">urbanísticos </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">nuevo </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">CP </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">espa</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y26 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">ñol, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">AP </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">1998-1, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">435 </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ss.; </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mismo</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Sobr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">elevancia </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">jurídico-penal </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ealización </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">actos </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y27 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">eparación, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">PJ </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">(45) </span><span class="fc1 sc0">1997, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">183 </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ss.; </span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mismo</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Nuevas </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">tendencias </span><span class="fc1 sc0">político-criminales </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="fc1 sc0">actividad </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">juris</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y28 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">prudencial </span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">TS, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">AP </span><span class="fc1 sc0">1996-1, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">247 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ss.; </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">mismo</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">E\ufb01ciencia </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ADPCP </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">1996 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">(F</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">asc </span><span class="fc1 sc0">I), </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y29 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">93 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ss.; </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mismo</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">olítica </span><span class="fc1 sc0">criminal </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Dogmática: </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">algunas </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cuestiones </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sobr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e </span><span class="fc1 sc0">su </span><span class="fc1 sc0">contenido </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="fc1 sc0">límites, </span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y2a ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mismo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">(ed.), </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">olítica </span><span class="fc1 sc0">criminal </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">nuevo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Libr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Homenaje </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Roxin, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">1997, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">17 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ss.; </span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y2b ff5 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">Silva </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Meler</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Ilicitud </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">civil </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">1946;</span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Stoll</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Schadenersatz </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">und </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Strafe, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">F</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">estscrift </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">für </span><span class="fc1 sc0">M. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Rheinstein, </span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y2c ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">II, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">569 </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ss.; </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="ff5 ws1"><span class="fc1 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _2"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">amarit</span><span class="ff4 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">La </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">eparació </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">víctima </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Dr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">et </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">1993; </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mismo</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">F</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">undamentos </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">orien</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y2d ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">tación </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sistema </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">teleológico-garantista, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">RDPP </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">(5) </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">2001, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">37 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ss.; </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="ff5 ws1"><span class="fc1 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">erradillos</span><span class="ff4 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">eligr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">osidad </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y2e ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">social </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Estado </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">1981; </span><span class="ff5 ws1"><span class="fc1 sc0">Vives</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Constitución </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">medidas </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">seguridad, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">oder </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Judicial, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">3, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y2f ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">91 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ss.; </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mismo</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">esupuestos </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">constitucionales..., </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Boix/Rodríguez </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Marín/Vives </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">(ed.), </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">oblemática </span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y30 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">jurídica </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">psico </span><span class="fc1 sc0">social </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">dr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ogas, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">1987, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">245 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ss.; </span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">E. </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">W</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">olf</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Die </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Stellung </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">der </span><span class="fc1 sc0">V</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">er</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">waltungsdelikte </span><span class="fc1 sc0">im </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y31 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">Strafr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echtssystem, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">F</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">estgabe </span><span class="fc1 sc0">für </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">R. </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">F</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">rank, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">1930, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">516 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ss.; </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ff5 ws1"><span class="fc1 sc0">W</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">olter</span><span class="ff4 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">oblemas </span><span class="fc1 sc0">político-criminales </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y32 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">jurídico-constitucionales </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sistema </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">internacional </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Silva </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">(ed.), </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">olítica </span><span class="fc1 sc0">criminal </span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y33 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">y nuevo Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo penal, Libr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">o Homenaje a Roxin, 1997, pp. 101 ss.</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb y34 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">I. El Derecho penal como medio de control social </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb y35 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">1. </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">El </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">constituye </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">uno </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="ff6"><span class="fc1 sc0">medios </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">control </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">social</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">exis</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y36 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">tentes </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sociedades </span><span class="fc1 sc0">actuales. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">La </span><span class="fc1 sc0">familia, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">escuela, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ofesión, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="fc1 sc0">grupos </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y37 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">sociales, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">son </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">también </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">medios </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">contr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ol </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">social, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">per</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">poseen </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">carácter </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="ff5 ws2"><span class="fc1 sc0">infor</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb y38 ff5 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws2"><span class="fc1 sc0">mal</span><span class="ff4 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">distingue </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">medio </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">contr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ol </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ff6 ws3"><span class="fc1 sc0">jurídico</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">altamente </span><span class="blank _6"> </span></span><span class="fc1 sc0">formalizado</span><span class="ff4 fs7 ls1 v2"><span class="fc1 sc0">1</span></span><span class="ff4 ws0 v0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y39 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">como </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">es </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal. </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Como </span><span class="fc1 sc0">todo </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">medio </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">contr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ol </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">social, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">éste </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">tiende </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">evi</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y3a ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">tar </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">determinados </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">comportamientos </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sociales </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">eputan </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">indeseables, </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">acu</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y3b ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">diendo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">para </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ello </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">amenaza </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">imposición </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">distintas </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sanciones </span><span class="fc1 sc0">para </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">caso </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y3c ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">dichas </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">conductas </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ealicen; </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">per</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">caracteriza </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span></div><div class="t m0 xc ha y3d ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">1. <span class="blank _a"> </span>Sobre <span class="blank _3"> </span>las <span class="blank _6"> </span>instancias <span class="blank _6"> </span>de <span class="blank _6"> </span>contr<span class="blank _0"></span>ol <span class="blank _6"> </span>informal <span class="blank _3"> </span>y <span class="blank _6"> </span>formal <span class="blank _6"> </span>cfr. <span class="blank _6"> </span>Ber<span class="blank _0"></span>galli/Bustos/González <span class="blank _6"> </span>Zorrilla/Mira-</div><div class="t m0 xb ha y3e ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">lles/De <span class="blank _3"> </span>Sola/Viladás, <span class="blank _3"> </span>P<span class="blank _4"></span>ensamiento <span class="blank _3"> </span>II, <span class="blank _3"> </span>pp. <span class="blank _3"> </span>37 <span class="blank _3"> </span>ss.; <span class="blank _3"> </span>García-P<span class="blank _4"></span>ablos, <span class="blank _3"> </span>Introducción, <span class="blank _3"> </span>pp. <span class="blank _3"> </span>2 <span class="blank _3"> </span>ss. <span class="blank _3"> </span>La <span class="blank _3"> </span>idea <span class="blank _3"> </span>de <span class="blank _3"> </span>que </div><div class="t m0 xb ha y3f ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">el Der<span class="blank _0"></span>echo penal es <span class="blank _0"></span>sólo uno <span class="blank _0"></span>de los <span class="blank _0"></span>medios de contr<span class="blank _0"></span>ol social, <span class="blank _0"></span>se ha <span class="blank _0"></span>impuesto ampliamente: <span class="blank _0"></span>cfr. Jescheck, </div><div class="t m0 xb ha y40 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Das neue deutsche Strafrecht, p. 19 (=Rev. Ciencias Jurídicas [Costa Rica], nº 41 [1980], p. 14).</div><div class="t m0 xd hb y41 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">1</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xe h6 y42 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">Punto 1 a 5</span></div><div class="t m1 xf hd y43 ff7 fs8 fc1 sc0 ls2 ws4"><span class="fc1 sc0">ghett</span><span class="blank _b"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">o</span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf4" class="pf w4 h7" data-page-no="4"><div class="pc pc4 w4 h7"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y10 w5 he" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/6bfda964-9132-47c3-a664-6ebc927fd3cb/bg4.png"><div class="t m0 x10 hf y44 ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws5">40<span class="blank"> </span><span class="fs3 ws0 v3">LECCIÓN 1. EL DERECHO PENAL </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb y45 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">prever <span class="blank _4"></span>las sanciones <span class="blank _4"></span>en <span class="blank _0"></span>principio <span class="blank _0"></span>más <span class="blank _4"></span>graves \u2014las <span class="blank _4"></span><span class="ff6 ws3">penas<span class="ff4 ws0"> y <span class="blank _4"></span>las <span class="ff6">medidas <span class="blank _4"></span>de <span class="blank _0"></span>segu-</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb y46 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3">ridad<span class="ff4 ws0">\u2014, <span class="blank _6"> </span>como <span class="blank _8"> </span>forma <span class="blank _8"> </span>de <span class="blank _6"> </span>evitar <span class="blank _8"> </span>los <span class="blank _6"> </span>comportamientos <span class="blank _8"> </span>que <span class="blank _8"> </span>juzga <span class="blank _6"> </span>especialmente </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb y47 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">peligr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">osos </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">\u2014los </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="ff6 ws3"><span class="fc1 sc0">delitos</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0">\u2014. </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Se </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">trata, </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pues, </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">una </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">forma </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">contr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ol </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">social </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">lo </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y48 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">su\ufb01cientemente </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">importante </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">como </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">para </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">una </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">parte, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">haya </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sido </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="ff5 ws2"><span class="fc1 sc0">monopo</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y49 ff5 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">lizado </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Estado</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="fc1 sc0">otra </span><span class="fc1 sc0">parte, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">constituya </span><span class="fc1 sc0">una </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="fc1 sc0">par</span><span class="fc1 sc0">celas </span><span class="fc1 sc0">fundamen</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y4a ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">tales </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">poder </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">estatal </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">desde </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Revolución </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">francesa </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">considera </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">necesario </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y4b ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">delimitar </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">con </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">máxima </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">claridad </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">posible </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">como </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">garantía </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ciudadano. </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">De </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ahí </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y4c ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">poder </span><span class="fc1 sc0">punitivo, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">eser</span><span class="fc1 sc0">vado </span><span class="fc1 sc0">al </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Estado, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">sólo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pueda </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ejer</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">cerse </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">acuer</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">do </span><span class="fc1 sc0">con </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb y4d ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">lo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">evisto </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">determinadas </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ff6"><span class="fc1 sc0">normas </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">legales</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">apr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">obar </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">epr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">esentantes </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y4e ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pueblo </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">países </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">democráticos. </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _2"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ales </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">normas, </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">constituyen </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y4f ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">penal, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">deben </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">determinar </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">con </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mayor </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ecisión </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">posible </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">qué </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">conductas </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pueden </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y50 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">considerarse </span><span class="fc1 sc0">constitutivas </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="fc1 sc0">qué </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penas </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pueden </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sufrir </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">quienes </span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">eali</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb y51 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">cen. </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Es </span><span class="fc1 sc0">lo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">conocemos </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">con </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">expr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">esión </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ff6"><span class="fc1 sc0">«principio </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">legalidad»</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ello </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y52 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">consiste </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">carácter </span><span class="fc1 sc0">eminentemente </span><span class="fc1 sc0">formalizado </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="fc1 sc0">distingue </span><span class="fc1 sc0">al </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y53 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">de otr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">os medios de contr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ol social.</span><span class="fs7 v2"><span class="fc1 sc0">2</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb y54 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls3 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="ff4 ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0">2. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Mas </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">no </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">es </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">único </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">medio </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">contr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ol </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">social </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ejer</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ce </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y55 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">través </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">normas </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">jurídicas </span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">evén </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sanciones </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">formalizadas </span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">para </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ciertas </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y56 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">con</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _c"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ductas. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Existen </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">otras </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">formas </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">contr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ol </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">social </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">carácter </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">jurídico. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">La </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">A</span><span class="fc1 sc0">dmi</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y57 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">nistración </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Pública </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">puede, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">así, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">imponer </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">través </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sus </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">funcionarios </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">numer</span><span class="fc1 sc0">osas </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb y58 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">sanciones </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">administrativas</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">\u2014como, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">p. </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ej., </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">multas </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">trá\ufb01co\u2014 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sin </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">embar</span><span class="fc1 sc0">go, </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y59 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">ello </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">no </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">halla </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">evisto </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sino </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">administra</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y5a ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">tivo. </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">El </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">sólo </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">determina </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">penas </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">medidas </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">seguridad</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pue</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y5b ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">den </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">imponerse </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">oceso </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">judicial </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0">. </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">El </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">legislador </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">es </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">quien </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">decide </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">qué </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y5c ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">sanciones </span><span class="fc1 sc0">puede </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">con\ufb01ar </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">al </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">administrativo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cuáles, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cambio, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">han </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y5d ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">eser</span><span class="fc1 sc0">varse </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">al </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">como </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penas </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">exigen </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">inter</span><span class="fc1 sc0">vención </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Juez </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y5e ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _2"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ribunal </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">independientes. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Debe </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">guiarle </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">esta </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">decisión </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">criterio </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">gravedad </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y5f ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sanción </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">dejar </span><span class="fc1 sc0">para </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sanciones </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mayor </span><span class="fc1 sc0">medida </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y60 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">afectan </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ciudadanos. </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">El </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ha </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">limitarse </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ofr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ecer </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">último </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y61 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ecurso </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">\u2014</span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">ultima </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ratio</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0">\u2014, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">para </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">cuando </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">demás </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">medios </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">contr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ol </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">social, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">jurí</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y62 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">dicos o no, r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">esultan insu\ufb01cientes.</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb y63 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls3 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="ff4 ls5"><span class="fc1 sc0">3. </span><span class="ff6"><span class="fc1 sc0">El </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">deslinde </span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Derecho </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Derecho </span><span class="fc1 sc0">administrativo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sancionador</span></span><span class="ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y64 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls5 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">plantea </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">una </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">oblemática </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">inter</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">esante </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">tanto </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">lege </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">lata</span><span class="ff4 ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">(</span><span class="fc1 sc0">d</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0">s</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">d</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0">l</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">p</span><span class="fc1 sc0">u</span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="fc1 sc0">t</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">d</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">v</span><span class="fc1 sc0">i</span><span class="fc1 sc0">s</span><span class="fc1 sc0">t</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">d</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0">l </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y65 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls5 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo vigente) como </span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">de lege fer</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">enda</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0"> (desde el prisma del Der</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo deseable).</span><span class="fs7 ls0 v2"><span class="fc1 sc0">3</span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb y66 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls3 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="ff8 ls6"><span class="fc1 sc0">De </span><span class="fc1 sc0">lege </span><span class="fc1 sc0">lata</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">lo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">único </span><span class="fc1 sc0">segur</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="fc1 sc0">es </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sanciones </span><span class="fc1 sc0">administrativas </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="fc1 sc0">distin</span><span class="ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y67 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls6 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">guen </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">penas </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">razón </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="ff5 ws6"><span class="fc1 sc0">ór</span><span class="fc1 sc0">gano</span><span class="ff4 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">l</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">l</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="fc1 sc0">m</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="fc1 sc0">d</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">o</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">i</span><span class="fc1 sc0">m</span><span class="fc1 sc0">p</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">l</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">s</span><span class="fc1 sc0">:</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">s</span><span class="fc1 sc0">i</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">l</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">s</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="fc1 sc0">c</span><span class="fc1 sc0">i</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ó</span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">h</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">d</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x11 ha y68 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls7 ws7">2.<span class="ls4 ws0"> <span class="ls7">Sobre el signi\ufb01cado de la «formalización» del Der<span class="blank _0"></span>echo penal vid. Hassemer, F<span class="blank _0"></span>ines, pp. 134 ss.</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x11 ha y69 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">3. <span class="blank _a"> </span>P<span class="blank _4"></span>ara este tema, considerando imposible una distinción cualitativa y sólo practicable una difer<span class="blank _0"></span>en-</div><div class="t m0 x10 ha y6a ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">ciación <span class="blank _3"> </span>cuantitativa, <span class="blank _3"> </span>según <span class="blank _6"> </span>su <span class="blank _3"> </span>mayor <span class="blank _3"> </span>o <span class="blank _6"> </span>menor <span class="blank _3"> </span>gravedad, <span class="blank _3"> </span>cfr. <span class="blank _3"> </span>Cerezo, <span class="blank _3"> </span>PG, <span class="blank _6"> </span>I, <span class="blank _3"> </span>pp. <span class="blank _3"> </span>49 <span class="blank _3"> </span>ss. <span class="blank _6"> </span>(doctrina <span class="blank _3"> </span>domi-</div><div class="t m0 x10 ha y6b ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">nante en España que recoge este autor). Sin embar<span class="blank _0"></span>go, matizando, cfr. Roxin, A<span class="blank _4"></span>T<span class="blank _2"></span>, § 2/51, 52 (3ª ed.).</div><div class="t m0 x12 hb y54 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">2</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x12 hb y6c ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">3</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x12 hb y6d ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">4</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf5" class="pf w4 h7" data-page-no="5"><div class="pc pc5 w4 h7"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y10 w5 he" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/6bfda964-9132-47c3-a664-6ebc927fd3cb/bg5.png"><div class="t m0 xb h9 y11 ff4 fs3 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">I. EL DERECHO PENAL COMO MEDIO DE CONTROL S<span class="blank _0"></span>OCIAL<span class="blank _1"> </span><span class="fs4 v1">41</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y45 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls6 ws0">decidirla <span class="blank _3"> </span>un <span class="blank _3"> </span>órgano <span class="blank _3"> </span>de <span class="blank _3"> </span>la <span class="blank _3"> </span>A<span class="blank _3"> </span>dministración <span class="blank _3"> </span>Pública <span class="blank _3"> </span>\u2014como <span class="blank _3"> </span>un <span class="blank _6"> </span>Alcalde, <span class="blank _3"> </span>Subdele<span class="ls0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y46 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">gado <span class="blank _3"> </span>del <span class="blank _3"> </span>Gobiern<span class="blank _0"></span>o <span class="blank _3"> </span>o <span class="blank _6"> </span>Mini<span class="blank _0"></span>str<span class="blank _0"></span>o\u2014, <span class="blank _3"> </span>se <span class="blank _3"> </span>tratará<span class="blank _0"></span> <span class="blank _3"> </span>de <span class="blank _6"> </span>una <span class="blank _3"> </span>sanció<span class="blank _0"></span>n <span class="blank _3"> </span>administ<span class="blank _0"></span>rativ<span class="blank _0"></span>a <span class="blank _3"> </span>(art. </div><div class="t m0 xb hc y47 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">3</span><span class="fc1 sc0">4</span><span class="fc1 sc0">,</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">2</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">C</span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="fc1 sc0">)</span><span class="fc1 sc0">,</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">m</span><span class="fc1 sc0">i</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="fc1 sc0">t</span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="fc1 sc0">s</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">q</span><span class="fc1 sc0">u</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">s</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">á</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">u</span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">p</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">l</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">q</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">u</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">i</span><span class="fc1 sc0">m</span><span class="fc1 sc0">p</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o</span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="fc1 sc0">g</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">u</span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">J</span><span class="fc1 sc0">u</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0">z</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">o</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _5"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">i</span><span class="fc1 sc0">b</span><span class="fc1 sc0">u</span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="fc1 sc0">l</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">j</span><span class="fc1 sc0">u</span><span class="fc1 sc0">d</span><span class="fc1 sc0">i</span><span class="fc1 sc0">c</span><span class="fc1 sc0">i</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">l </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y48 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls6 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">una </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">condena </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal.</span><span class="fs7 ls0 ws8 v2"><span class="fc1 sc0">4</span></span><span class="lsa v0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> T</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="fc1 sc0">m</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">b</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">i</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">é</span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0"> e</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">s</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0"> c</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">i</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">t</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">o</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> q</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">u</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0"> l</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">s</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0"> s</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">c</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">i</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">s</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0"> m</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">á</span><span class="fc1 sc0">s</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0"> g</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">v</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">s</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0"> d</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0">l</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0"> o</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">d</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y6e ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls6 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">namiento </span><span class="fc1 sc0">jurídico </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">son </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">penas. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Así, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">según </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Constitución </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">española, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">A</span><span class="fc1 sc0">dministra</span><span class="ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y6f ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">c</span><span class="fc1 sc0">i</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ó</span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">p</span><span class="fc1 sc0">u</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0">d</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">i</span><span class="fc1 sc0">m</span><span class="fc1 sc0">p</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o</span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">s</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="fc1 sc0">c</span><span class="fc1 sc0">i</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o</span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0">s</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">p</span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">i</span><span class="fc1 sc0">v</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="fc1 sc0">t</span><span class="fc1 sc0">i</span><span class="fc1 sc0">v</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">s</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">d</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">l</span><span class="fc1 sc0">i</span><span class="fc1 sc0">b</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">t</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="fc1 sc0">d</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">(</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">t</span><span class="fc1 sc0">.</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">2</span><span class="fc1 sc0">5</span><span class="fc1 sc0">,</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">3</span><span class="fc1 sc0">)</span><span class="fc1 sc0">.</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">S</span><span class="fc1 sc0">i</span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0">m</span><span class="fc1 sc0">b</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">g</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o</span><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y70 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls6 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">multa </span><span class="fc1 sc0">es </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">una </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sanción </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="fc1 sc0">puede </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ser </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="fc1 sc0">administrativa, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ocurr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cier</span><span class="ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y71 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls6 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">tas multas adminis</span><span class="ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _c"></span><span class="ls6"><span class="fc1 sc0">trativas son mucho más elevadas que otras multas penales.</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y72 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls8 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="lsb"><span class="fc1 sc0">Ello </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">abr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">discusión </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ff8"><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">lege </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">fer</span><span class="fc1 sc0">enda</span></span><span class="lsc"><span class="fc1 sc0"> a</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">c</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">c</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> d</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">l</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> c</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">á</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">c</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">t</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> d</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="ff5 lsb"><span class="fc1 sc0">ultima </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ratio</span></span><span class="ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">q</span><span class="fc1 sc0">u</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">e </span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y73 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 lsb ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">suele </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">atribuirse </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">al </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal. </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _2"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ambién </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">es </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">inter</span><span class="fc1 sc0">esante </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cuestión </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">si </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">con</span><span class="ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb y74 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 lsb ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">vendría </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">intr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">oducir </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="ff6"><span class="fc1 sc0">Derecho </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">administrativo</span></span><span class="ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">c</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">b</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">l</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">l</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">o</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">t</span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0">l</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">p</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">l</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">l </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y75 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 lsb ws9"><span class="fc1 sc0">adminis</span><span class="ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _c"></span><span class="lsb"><span class="fc1 sc0">trativo, </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">como </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">existe </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">países </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">como </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Alemania.</span><span class="fs7 ls0 v2"><span class="fc1 sc0">5</span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x13 hc y76 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">S</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">p</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0">t</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="fc1 sc0">d</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">í</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _d"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">c</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">n</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _d"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0">l</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">l</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _2"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">d</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o</span><span class="fc1 sc0">t</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="fc1 sc0">r </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y77 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 lsb ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">a las sanciones administrativas de las mayor</span><span class="fc1 sc0">es garantías que r</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">odean a lo penal.</span><span class="fs7 ls0 v2"><span class="fc1 sc0">6</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb y78 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls3 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="ff4 ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0">Un </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">oblema </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">importante </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">suscita </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">coexistencia </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sanciones </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penales </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb y79 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">administrativas </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">or</span><span class="fc1 sc0">denamiento </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">jurídico </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">es </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">siguiente: </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="ff6"><span class="fc1 sc0">¿cabe </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sancionar </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb y7a ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mismo </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">hecho </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">con </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ambas </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">clases </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sanciones?</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Aunque </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">tal </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">posibilidad </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y7b ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">doble </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sanción </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="fc1 sc0">había </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">evisto </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="fc1 sc0">nuestr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _2"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ribunal </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Constitucional, </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y7c ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">acuer</span><span class="fc1 sc0">do </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">con </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">doctrina, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ha </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">oclamado </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">principio </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">contrario </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">non </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">bis </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">in </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y7d ff5 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws2"><span class="fc1 sc0">idem</span><span class="ff4 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">como </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">«íntimamente </span><span class="fc1 sc0">unido </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="fc1 sc0">principios </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">legalidad </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">tipicidad </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ecogi</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y7e ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">dos </span><span class="fc1 sc0">principalmente </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">art. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">25 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Constitución» </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">(S</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">STC </span><span class="fc1 sc0">229/2003 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Pleno </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span></div><div class="t m0 xb h10 y7f ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">18 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">dic., </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">188/2005 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Pleno </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">7 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">jul., </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">S</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">STS </span><span class="fc1 sc0">784/2006 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">28 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">jun.,</span><span class="fs9 v0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">228/2007 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb h11 y80 ff4 fs9 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">14 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mar., </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">487/2007 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">29 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mayo.</span><span class="fs6 ls9 v0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></span><span class="v0"><span class="fc1 sc0">En </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">contra </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fs6"><span class="fc1 sc0">STS </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">380/2003 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">22 </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">dic.).</span><span class="fs7 ls1 v2"><span class="fc1 sc0">7</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y81 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">La </span><span class="fc1 sc0">STC </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">3 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">oct. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">83 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">con\ufb01rma </span><span class="fc1 sc0">este </span><span class="fc1 sc0">criterio </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="fc1 sc0">abunda </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">imposibilidad </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y82 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">A</span><span class="fc1 sc0">dministración </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">practique </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">actuaciones </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">dirigidas </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sancionar </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">hechos </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">constituti</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y83 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">vos </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="fc1 sc0">falta </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">\u2014pr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">efer</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">encia </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">vía </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">judicial\u2014 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">efectúe </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">enjui</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y84 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">ciamiento </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">hechos </span><span class="fc1 sc0">distinto </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">al </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ealizado </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Juez </span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="fc1 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _2"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ribunal </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">jurisdic</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y85 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">cional. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">En </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">este </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">sentido, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">art. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">415, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">3 </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">LOPJ </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">1985 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">establece: </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">«En </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ningún </span><span class="fc1 sc0">caso </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y86 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">mismo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">hecho </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">sancionado </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">causa </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="fc1 sc0">podrá </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ser </span><span class="fc1 sc0">objeto </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="fc1 sc0">posterior </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">expe</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y87 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">diente </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">esponsabilidad </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">disciplinaria». </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">La </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">STC </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">177/1999 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">estableció </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">también </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y88 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="fc1 sc0">no </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">es </span><span class="fc1 sc0">posible </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">juez </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="fc1 sc0">castigue </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">una </span><span class="fc1 sc0">conducta </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ya </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sancionada </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y89 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">A</span><span class="fc1 sc0">dministración, </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">per</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">STC </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">(Pleno) </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">2/2003, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">16 </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en., </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cambió </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">criterio </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y8a ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">sostuvo </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">tesis, </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">más </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">corr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ecta, </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">caso </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">oducirse </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">primer</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">una </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">sanción </span></div><div class="t m0 xc ha y8b ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">4.</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Cfr. González Rus, RDC 1985, p. 182.</span></div><div class="t m0 xc ha y8c ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">5.</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Así </span><span class="fc1 sc0">desde </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Goldschmidt, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pasando </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="fc1 sc0">E. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">W</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">olf, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Eb. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Schmidt, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Lange, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Michels, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">etc.: </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ver </span><span class="fc1 sc0">bibliografía </span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y8d ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">comienzo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Lección. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Cfr. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sobr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e </span><span class="fc1 sc0">esto </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Mattes, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">oblemas, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">138 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ss. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Se </span><span class="fc1 sc0">discute </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="fc1 sc0">nuestr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="fc1 sc0">país </span><span class="fc1 sc0">si </span><span class="fc1 sc0">es </span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y8e ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">conveniente </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="fc1 sc0">«Código </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">olicía» </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pormenorizado </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="fc1 sc0">únicamente </span><span class="fc1 sc0">una </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">egulación </span><span class="fc1 sc0">general </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">potestad </span></div><div class="t m0 xb ha y8f ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">administrativa: cfr. Cerezo , PG, I, pp. 54 ss.</div><div class="t m0 xc ha y68 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">6. <span class="blank _a"> </span>T<span class="blank _d"></span>ambién <span class="blank _3"> </span>cabría <span class="blank _6"> </span>establecer <span class="blank _3"> </span>la <span class="blank _3"> </span>posibilidad <span class="blank _3"> </span>de <span class="blank _3"> </span>recurrir <span class="blank _3"> </span>frente <span class="blank _3"> </span>a <span class="blank _3"> </span>la <span class="blank _6"> </span>jurisdicción <span class="blank _3"> </span>penal <span class="blank _3"> </span>los <span class="blank _3"> </span>actos <span class="blank _3"> </span>san-</div><div class="t m0 xb ha y69 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">cionadores de la Administración Pública: en este sentido <span class="blank _3"> </span>P<span class="blank _4"></span>arada, P<span class="blank _0"></span>oder sancionador, pp. 91 ss.; Cerezo, </div><div class="t m0 xb ha y6a ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">PG, I, p. 55.</div><div class="t m0 xc ha y6b ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">7. <span class="blank _a"> </span>Cfr. Arroyo, P<span class="blank _0"></span>rincipio de legalidad, p. 19; STC 8 julio 86.</div><div class="t m0 xd hb y90 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3"><span class="fc1 sc0">5</span><span class="lsd ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xd hb y91 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3"><span class="fc1 sc0">6</span><span class="lsd ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf6" class="pf w4 h7" data-page-no="6"><div class="pc pc6 w4 h7"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y10 w5 he" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/6bfda964-9132-47c3-a664-6ebc927fd3cb/bg6.png"><div class="t m0 x10 hf y44 ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws5">42<span class="blank"> </span><span class="fs3 ws0 v3">LECCIÓN 1. EL DERECHO PENAL </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y45 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">administrativa <span class="blank _0"></span>ésta <span class="blank _0"></span>no <span class="blank _4"></span>impedirá una <span class="blank _0"></span>ulterior <span class="blank _4"></span>sanción penal, <span class="blank _4"></span>sino que <span class="blank _0"></span>deberá <span class="blank _4"></span>sus-</div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y46 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">tituirse <span class="blank _3"> </span>por <span class="blank _3"> </span>ésta <span class="blank _3"> </span>otra. <span class="blank _3"> </span>Sin <span class="blank _3"> </span>embargo, la <span class="blank _3"> </span>STC <span class="blank _3"> </span>27 <span class="blank _6"> </span>nov. 85 <span class="blank _6"> </span>pr<span class="blank _0"></span>ecisó <span class="blank _3"> </span>que <span class="blank _3"> </span>el <span class="blank _3"> </span>principio </div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y47 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">non </span><span class="fc1 sc0">bis </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">in </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">idem</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">«no </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">siempr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e </span><span class="fc1 sc0">imposibilita </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sanción </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">unos </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mismos </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">hechos </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y48 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">autoridades </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">distinto </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">or</span><span class="fc1 sc0">den </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">contemplen, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ello, </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">desde </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">perspec</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y49 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">tivas difer</span><span class="fc1 sc0">entes».</span><span class="fs7 v2"><span class="fc1 sc0">8</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb y92 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">II. Derecho penal en sentido objetivo y en sentido subjetivo </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y93 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">El </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="fc1 sc0">suele </span><span class="fc1 sc0">entenderse </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="fc1 sc0">dos </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sentidos </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">distintos, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">objetivo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sub</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y94 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">jetivo. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">En </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">este </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">sentido </span><span class="fc1 sc0">objetivo </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">signi\ufb01ca </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">conjunto </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">normas </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penales. </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">El </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y95 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">cho </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">subjetivo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">\u2014también </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">llamado </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">der</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">castigar </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">ius </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">puniendi</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0">\u2014 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">es </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y96 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="fc1 sc0">corr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">esponde </span><span class="fc1 sc0">al </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Estado </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ear </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="fc1 sc0">aplicar </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="fc1 sc0">obje</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y97 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">tivo. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">El </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="fc1 sc0">subjetivo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e\ufb01er</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pues, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">al </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="fc1 sc0">objetivo. </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">or </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y98 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">otra </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">parte, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">si </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">no </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">añade </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ninguna </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ecisión, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">expr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">esión </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">«Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal» </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y99 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">usa </span><span class="fc1 sc0">generalmente </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sentido </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">entendido </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">sentido </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">objetivo. </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y9a ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">Conviene, </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pues, </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">empezar </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">estudiar </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">este </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">último </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">concepto. </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Intentar</span><span class="fc1 sc0">emos </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y9b ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">primer </span><span class="fc1 sc0">lugar </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ecisar </span><span class="fc1 sc0">su </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de\ufb01nición, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">modo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="fc1 sc0">continuación </span><span class="fc1 sc0">podamos </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ana</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y9c ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">lizar </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sus </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">aspectos </span><span class="fc1 sc0">formales </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">materiales </span><span class="fc1 sc0">más </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">importantes. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">La </span><span class="fc1 sc0">alusión </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">al </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y9d ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sentido </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">subjetivo </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">será </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">oportuna </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">más </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">adelante </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">(Lección </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">4), </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cuando </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y9e ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">trate </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">\ufb01jar </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">límites </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ha </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">encontrar </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Estado </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">inter</span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">venir </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y9f ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">mediante normas penales.</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb ya0 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">III. El Derecho penal objetivo </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc ya1 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _7"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Suele </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ff5 ws2"><span class="fc1 sc0">partirse</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de\ufb01nición </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">hace </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">siglo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">opuso </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc ya2 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">von Liszt:</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb ya3 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls3 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="ff4 ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0">«Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _5"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _2"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">es </span><span class="blank _2"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _5"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">conjunto </span><span class="blank _2"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _2"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="blank _e"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">eglas </span><span class="blank _5"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">jurídicas </span><span class="blank _2"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">establecidas </span><span class="blank _e"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _e"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _2"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Estado, </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc ya4 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">que asocian el crimen, como hecho, a la pena, como legítima consecuencia.»</span><span class="fs7 v2"><span class="fc1 sc0">9</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb ya5 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls3 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="ff4 ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0">Esta </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de\ufb01nición </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">esulta </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">hoy </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">insu\ufb01ciente </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">debe </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ampliarse </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">dos </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">razones </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc ya6 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">distintas. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _d"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">or </span><span class="fc1 sc0">una </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">parte, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">durante </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">siglo </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">XX </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">han </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ido </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">apar</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">eciendo </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ocupando </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc ya7 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">lugar </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">importante </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">legislaciones </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">\u2014y </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">entr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ellas </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">nuestra\u2014 </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">llamadas </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb ya8 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">«medidas </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">seguridad»</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0">. </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Y</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">no </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">puede </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a\ufb01rmarse </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">señale </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc ya9 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">sólo </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">«penas» </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delitos, </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sino </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ahora </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">dispone </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">segundo </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">meca</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc yaa ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">nismo, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">medidas </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">seguridad. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _d"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">or </span><span class="fc1 sc0">otra </span><span class="fc1 sc0">parte, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">no </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">debe </span></div><div class="t m0 x11 ha y68 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">8. <span class="blank _a"> </span>La <span class="blank _3"> </span>STC <span class="blank _3"> </span>112/1990, <span class="blank _3"> </span>de <span class="blank _3"> </span>18 <span class="blank _3"> </span>jun., <span class="blank _3"> </span>recoge la <span class="blank _3"> </span>doctrina <span class="blank _3"> </span>del <span class="blank _3"> </span>TC <span class="blank _3"> </span>que <span class="blank _3"> </span>admite <span class="blank _3"> </span>«la <span class="blank _3"> </span>doble <span class="blank _3"> </span>sanción <span class="blank _3"> </span>penal <span class="blank _3"> </span>y </div><div class="t m0 x10 ha y69 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">adminis <span class="blank _f"></span>trativa <span class="blank _0"></span>en <span class="blank _0"></span>los <span class="blank _0"></span>casos <span class="blank _4"></span>en que <span class="blank _0"></span>concurr<span class="blank _0"></span>e <span class="blank _0"></span>una <span class="blank _0"></span>r<span class="blank _0"></span>elación <span class="blank _0"></span>de <span class="blank _4"></span>sujeción especial <span class="blank _0"></span>(como <span class="blank _0"></span>ocurr<span class="blank _0"></span>e <span class="blank _0"></span>en <span class="blank _4"></span>las sancio-</div><div class="t m0 x10 ha y6a ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">nes disciplinarias a funcionarios) y el fundamento de ambas sanciones no es coincidente».</div><div class="t m0 x11 ha y6b ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">9. <span class="blank _a"> </span>Cfr. V<span class="blank _4"></span>on Liszt, T<span class="blank _2"></span>ratado, I, p. 5.</div><div class="t m0 x12 hb yab ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3"><span class="fc1 sc0">7</span><span class="lsd ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x12 hb yac ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3"><span class="fc1 sc0">8</span><span class="lsd ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x12 hb yad ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3"><span class="fc1 sc0">9</span><span class="lsd ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x14 hb yae ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3"><span class="fc1 sc0">10</span><span class="lsd ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf7" class="pf w4 h7" data-page-no="7"><div class="pc pc7 w4 h7"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y10 w5 he" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/6bfda964-9132-47c3-a664-6ebc927fd3cb/bg7.png"><div class="t m0 xb h9 y11 ff4 fs3 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">IV<span class="blank _2"></span>. LA PENA Y LAS MEDID<span class="blank _0"></span>AS DE SEGURID<span class="blank _0"></span>AD COMO COMPONENTES DEL DERECHO PENAL<span class="blank _10"> </span><span class="fs4 v1">43</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y45 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">reducirse <span class="blank _4"></span>a las <span class="blank _4"></span>normas que <span class="blank _4"></span>establecen las <span class="blank _4"></span>penas y <span class="blank _4"></span>las medidas <span class="blank _4"></span>de seguridad, <span class="blank _4"></span>sino </div><div class="t m0 xb hc yaf ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">que <span class="blank _3"> </span>comprende ante <span class="blank _3"> </span>todo <span class="blank _3"> </span>las <span class="blank _3"> </span>normas <span class="blank _3"> </span>que <span class="blank _3"> </span>se dirigen <span class="blank _3"> </span>a <span class="blank _3"> </span>los <span class="blank _3"> </span>ciudadanos <span class="blank _3"> </span>para <span class="blank _3"> </span>que </div><div class="t m0 xb hc yb0 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">no </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cometan </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delitos </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">evistos </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ley. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">El </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="fc1 sc0">no </span><span class="fc1 sc0">constituye </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sólo </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb yb1 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">conjunto </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="ff6"><span class="fc1 sc0">normas </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">dirigidas </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">jueces</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">or</span><span class="fc1 sc0">denándoles </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">imponer </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penas </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb yb2 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">medidas </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">seguridad, </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sino </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">también, </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">antes </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ello, </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">conjunto </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="ff6"><span class="fc1 sc0">normas </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb yb3 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">dirigidas </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ciudadanos </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">les </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ohíben </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">bajo </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">amenaza </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">una </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pena </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb h12 yb4 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">comisión </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delitos.</span><span class="fs7 ws8 v2"><span class="fc1 sc0">10</span></span><span class="v0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _d"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">or </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">último, </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">igual </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">esto </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo, </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc yb5 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">no </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sólo </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">está </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">integrado </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">normas </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sentido </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">estricto, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sino </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">también </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb yb6 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">valoraciones </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">principios</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0">. </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">A </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">continuación, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Lección </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">siguiente, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">desarr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc yb7 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">llar</span><span class="fc1 sc0">emos </span><span class="fc1 sc0">todo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">lo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">anterior, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">para </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">lo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="fc1 sc0">hay </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="fc1 sc0">empezar </span><span class="fc1 sc0">con </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">una </span><span class="fc1 sc0">br</span><span class="fc1 sc0">eve </span><span class="fc1 sc0">anticipa</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc yb8 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">ción de los conceptos básicos de pena y medida de seguridad.</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb yb9 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls10 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">IV</span><span class="blank _5"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">. La pena y las medidas de seguridad como componentes del Derecho penal</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb yba ff6 fsa fc2 sc0 lse ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="ff4 fs6 ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0">1. </span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">La </span><span class="blank _11"> </span><span class="ff6 ws3"><span class="fc1 sc0">pena</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">constituye </span><span class="blank _11"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sanción </span><span class="blank _11"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">tradicional </span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _11"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">caracteriza </span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">al </span><span class="blank _11"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc ybb ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">penal, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">sigue </span><span class="fc1 sc0">siendo </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">su </span><span class="fc1 sc0">arma </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">fundamental. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Más </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">adelante </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ofundizar</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">emos </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc ybc ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">concepto </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">función </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pena, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">per</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ahora </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">importa </span><span class="fc1 sc0">adelantar </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ya </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">lo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">más </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">impr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">es</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc ybd ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">cindible: </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pena </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">es </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mal </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">con </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">amenaza </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">para </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">caso </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc ybe ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ealice </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">una </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">conducta </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">considerada </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">como </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito. </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="fc1 sc0">uede </span><span class="fc1 sc0">discutirse </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cuál </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc ybf ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cuáles </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sean </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">fun</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _c"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ciones </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">atribuyen </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pena </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">\u2014r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">etribución, </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">even</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc yc0 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">ción\u2014, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">per</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">nadie </span><span class="fc1 sc0">niega </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">imposición </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pena </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">halla </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">evista </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">como </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc yc1 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">mal </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="fc1 sc0">asocia, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cuanto </span><span class="fc1 sc0">tal </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mal, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">comisión </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito</span><span class="fs7 ws8 v2"><span class="fc1 sc0">11</span></span><span class="v0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">\u2014sea </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por</span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc yc2 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">cr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ea </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">con </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">tal </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mal </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">hace </span><span class="fc1 sc0">jus</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _c"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ticia, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">sea </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">por</span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">con </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">amenaza </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mismo </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc yc3 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">quier</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">disuadir </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">comisión </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">delitos\u2014. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">La </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">privación </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">libertad </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">evista </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc yc4 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Código </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">para </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mate </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">otr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">o, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">señalada </span><span class="fc1 sc0">para </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">obe </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">determi</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc yc5 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">nada cosa, constituyen ejemplos de penas.</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb yc6 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls3 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="ff4 lsf"><span class="fc1 sc0">2. </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Las </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="ff6"><span class="fc1 sc0">medidas </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">seguridad</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">tienen </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">otra </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">naturaleza. </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">No </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">suponen </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ame</span><span class="ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc yc7 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 lsf ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">naza </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mal </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">para </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">caso </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cometa </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sino </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">tratamiento</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc yc8 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 lsf ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">dirigido </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">evitar </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sujeto </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">peligr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">oso </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">llegue </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cometerlo. </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Mientras </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc yc9 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 lsf ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">pena </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="fc1 sc0">in\ufb02ige </span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">por</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cometido, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">medida </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">seguridad </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="fc1 sc0">impone </span><span class="fc1 sc0">como</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc yca ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 lsf ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">medio </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">evitarlo. </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">or </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ejemplo, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ley </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">evé </span><span class="fc1 sc0">determinadas </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">medidas </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">tendentes </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc ycb ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 lsf ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">deshabituación </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">dr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ogadictos </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mani\ufb01esten </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">tendencia </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delinquir </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">\u2014así,</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc ycc ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 lsf ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">para </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cuando </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sea </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">evisible </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">etendan </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ocurarse </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">acceso </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">dr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">oga </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc ycd ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 lsf ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">medios delictivos.</span></div><div class="t m0 xc ha yce ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">10. <span class="blank _a"> </span>Es ésta una concepción que la mayoría de autores admite, pero que no suele explicitarse clara-</div><div class="t m0 xb ha ycf ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">mente al <span class="blank _0"></span>de\ufb01nir el <span class="blank _0"></span>Derecho <span class="blank _0"></span>penal. <span class="blank _0"></span>Cfr. no <span class="blank _0"></span>obstante en <span class="blank _0"></span>nuestr<span class="blank _0"></span>o país <span class="blank _0"></span>Antón Oneca, <span class="blank _0"></span>PG, p. <span class="blank _0"></span>6. <span class="blank _0"></span>Las S<span class="blank _4"></span>STS 24 </div><div class="t m0 xb ha yd0 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">febr. 62 y 20 abr. 85 se re\ufb01er<span class="blank _0"></span>en a «lo que la ley prohíbe o manda bajo sanción penal».</div><div class="t m0 xc ha yd1 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">11. <span class="blank _a"> </span>Cfr. <span class="blank _8"> </span>Mir <span class="blank _8"> </span>Puig, <span class="blank _8"> </span>Introducción, <span class="blank _6"> </span>p. <span class="blank _8"> </span>61; <span class="blank _8"> </span>Luzón <span class="blank _8"> </span>P<span class="blank _0"></span>eña, <span class="blank _8"> </span>Medición, <span class="blank _8"> </span>p. <span class="blank _8"> </span>25; <span class="blank _8"> </span>el <span class="blank _8"> </span>mismo, <span class="blank _8"> </span>Curso, <span class="blank _8"> </span>p. <span class="blank _8"> </span>54; </div><div class="t m0 xb ha yd2 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Rodríguez Mourullo, Algunas consideraciones, pp. 41 ss.; Cobo/Vives, PG, 5ª ed., pp. 795 ss.</div><div class="t m0 xd hb yba ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3"><span class="fc1 sc0">11</span><span class="lsd ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xd hb yd3 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3"><span class="fc1 sc0">12</span><span class="lsd ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf8" class="pf w4 h7" data-page-no="8"><div class="pc pc8 w4 h7"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y10 w5 he" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/6bfda964-9132-47c3-a664-6ebc927fd3cb/bg8.png"><div class="t m0 x10 hf y44 ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws5">44<span class="blank"> </span><span class="fs3 ws0 v3">LECCIÓN 1. EL DERECHO PENAL </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb y45 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls3 ws0"> <span class="ff4 ls0">Conceptualmente <span class="blank _6"> </span>las <span class="blank _6"> </span>medidas <span class="blank _6"> </span>de <span class="blank _6"> </span>seguridad <span class="blank _6"> </span>no <span class="blank _6"> </span>presuponen <span class="blank _6"> </span>la <span class="blank _6"> </span>comisión <span class="blank _6"> </span>de </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc yaf ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">un <span class="blank _3"> </span>delito <span class="blank _6"> </span>pr<span class="blank _0"></span>evio, <span class="blank _3"> </span>sino <span class="blank _6"> </span>el <span class="blank _3"> </span>peligro <span class="blank _3"> </span>de <span class="blank _3"> </span>un <span class="blank _6"> </span>delito <span class="blank _3"> </span>futuro. <span class="blank _3"> </span>Así, <span class="blank _3"> </span>el <span class="blank _6"> </span>Der<span class="blank _0"></span>echo <span class="blank _3"> </span>español <span class="blank _3"> </span>se </div><div class="t m0 x10 hb yb0 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">ha </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">caracterizado </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">durante </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">lar</span><span class="fc1 sc0">go </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">tiempo </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ever </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">amplio </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">elenco </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="ff6 ws3"><span class="fc1 sc0">medi</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb yb1 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">das </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">seguridad </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">predelictuales</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0">, </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">llamadas </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">así </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por</span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">no </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">exigen </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">como </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">esu</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc yb2 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">puesto </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">comisión </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">evia </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Se </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">contenían </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">primer</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Ley </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">V</span><span class="blank _e"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">agos </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc yb3 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Maleantes </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">4 </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">agosto </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">1933 </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">luego </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">su </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">continuadora, </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Ley </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _d"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">eligr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">osidad </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc yb4 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Rehabilitación </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Social </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">4 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">agosto </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">1970. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Mas </span><span class="fc1 sc0">tales </span><span class="fc1 sc0">medidas </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">edelictua</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb yd4 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">les </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">eran </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="ff6"><span class="fc1 sc0">dudosa </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">constitucionalidad.</span><span class="ff4 fs7 ws8 v2"><span class="fc1 sc0">12</span></span><span class="ff4 v0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Algún </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">autor </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">consideraba </span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _c"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">contrarias </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc yd5 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">exigencia </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">art. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">25, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">1 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Constitución </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">toda </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">condena </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sanción </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">tenga </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 h13 yd6 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">lugar </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">comisión </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">falta </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">sanción </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">administrativa.</span><span class="fs7 ws8 v2"><span class="fc1 sc0">13</span></span><span class="v0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">or </span><span class="fc1 sc0">lo </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">menos </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc yd7 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">era </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">innegable </span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">esupuestos </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">medidas </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">edelictuales </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">son </span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">dema</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc yd8 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">siado </span><span class="fc1 sc0">poco </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ecisos </span><span class="fc1 sc0">para </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">espeten </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">exigencia </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">determinación</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">encie</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc yd9 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">rra materialmente el principio de legalidad (cfr. infra, Lec. 3, II 2 c).</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb yda ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls3 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="ff4 ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0">El </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">CP </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">1995 </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ha </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ogado </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">LPRS </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">1970 </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">acoge </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">criterio </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">eferible, </span><span class="blank _d"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">domi</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb ydb ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">nante </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">comparado, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">consistente </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">admitir </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sólo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ff6"><span class="fc1 sc0">medidas </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">segu</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb ydc ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">ridad </span><span class="fc1 sc0">postdelictuales</span><span class="ff4 ws2"><span class="fc1 sc0">.</span><span class="fs7 ws8 v2"><span class="fc1 sc0">14</span></span><span class="ws0 v0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Estas </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">medidas </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sólo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pueden </span><span class="fc1 sc0">imponerse </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">cuando </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sujeto </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc ydd ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">ha </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">demos</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _c"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">trado </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">su </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">peligr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">osidad </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mediante </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">efectiva </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">comisión </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc yde ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">vio. </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">No </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">imponen </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">como </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">eacción </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">fr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ente </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">al </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cometido, </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sino </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">para </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">evitar </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc ydf ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">otr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">os </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">futur</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o, </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">per</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">entiende </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">peligr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">osidad </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sujeto </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sólo </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">queda </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc ye0 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">su\ufb01cientemente </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">compr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _c"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">bada </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cuando </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mismo </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ya </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ha </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cometido </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito. </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Un </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc ye1 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">ejemplo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">medidas </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">seguridad </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">postdelictuales </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">lo </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ofr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ece </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">egulación </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">evista </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc ye2 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">para </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">enfermo </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">mental </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">comete </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito, </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">según </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">cual </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">éste </span><span class="fc1 sc0">podrá </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ser </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ingr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc ye3 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">sado </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">establecimiento </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">psiquiátrico </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sometido </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">tratamiento </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ambula</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc ye4 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">torio. </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">El </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sentido </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">estas </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">medidas </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">no </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">es </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">in\ufb02igir </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mal </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">al </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">enfermo </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mental </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc ye5 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cometido, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sino </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sustraerle </span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="fc1 sc0">estado </span><span class="fc1 sc0">psíquico </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pudo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">llevarle </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delin</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc ye6 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">quir, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">para </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="fc1 sc0">no </span><span class="fc1 sc0">vuelva </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="fc1 sc0">hacerlo. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">El </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito </span><span class="fc1 sc0">anterior </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="fc1 sc0">considera, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sin </span><span class="fc1 sc0">embar</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">go, </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc ye7 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">prueba </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">necesaria </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">\u2014aunque </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">no </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sea </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sí </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sola </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">bastante\u2014 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">enfermo </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc ye8 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">mental encierra su\ufb01ciente peligr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">osidad criminal.</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb ye9 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls3 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="ff4 ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0">3. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Las </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">difer</span><span class="fc1 sc0">encias </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">señaladas </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">entr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pena </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">medida </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">seguridad </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">no </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">deben </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb yea ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">ocultar, </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sin </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">embar</span><span class="fc1 sc0">go, </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">importantes </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="ff6"><span class="fc1 sc0">puntos </span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">contacto</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">entr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ambos </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">con</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc yeb ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">ceptos. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Y</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="fc1 sc0">hemos </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">visto </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="fc1 sc0">medidas </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">postdelictuales </span><span class="fc1 sc0">exigen </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">como </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pena </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span></div><div class="t m0 x11 ha yec ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">12.</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">La </span><span class="fc1 sc0">STC </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">14 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">febr. </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">86 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">llegó </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a\ufb01rmar </span><span class="fc1 sc0">incidentalmente </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">\u2014sin </span><span class="fc1 sc0">validez </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">general, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pues </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">efería </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 ha yed ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">caso </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">concr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">eto\u2014 </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="fc1 sc0">medidas </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">edelictuales </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">oponen </span><span class="fc1 sc0">al </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">principio </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">legalidad </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Cfr. </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">también </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 ha y8b ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">esta </span><span class="fc1 sc0">línea </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">S</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">STC </span><span class="fc1 sc0">27 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">nov. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">85 </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">19 </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">febr. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">87. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Sobr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">elativo </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">valor </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">formal </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">estas </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">decisiones </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">vid. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">L</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">uzón </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 ha y8c ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">eña, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Estudios </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penales, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pp. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">38 </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">s., </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Curso, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">p. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">56. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">De </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">acuer</span><span class="fc1 sc0">do </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">con </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">texto </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Jor</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ge </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Barr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">eir</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">o, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Las </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">medidas </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 ha y8d ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">seguridad en la r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">eforma penal española, pp. 736 s.</span></div><div class="t m0 x11 ha y8e ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">13.</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Así </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Vives, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">esupuestos, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">p. </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">261; </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Morales/Gar</span><span class="fc1 sc0">cía </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Alber</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">La </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Ley, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">8 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">marzo </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">1991, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">p. </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">3; </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">menos </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 ha yce ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">rotundamente <span class="blank _0"></span>Rodríguez <span class="blank _4"></span>R<span class="blank _3"> </span>amos, Detención, <span class="blank _0"></span>p. <span class="blank _0"></span>55. <span class="blank _4"></span>Cfr. también <span class="blank _0"></span>Quinter<span class="blank _0"></span>o/Morales/Prats, <span class="blank _4"></span>PG p. <span class="blank _0"></span>5; <span class="blank _0"></span>Lan-</div><div class="t m0 x10 ha ycf ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">drove, <span class="blank _0"></span>Intr<span class="blank _0"></span>oducción, <span class="blank _0"></span>p. <span class="blank _0"></span>93; <span class="blank _0"></span>Bustos/Hormazábal, <span class="blank _4"></span>PG, p. <span class="blank _0"></span>215; <span class="blank _0"></span>Bacigalupo, <span class="blank _0"></span>P<span class="blank _0"></span>rincipios, <span class="blank _0"></span>p. <span class="blank _0"></span>10; <span class="blank _0"></span>De <span class="blank _4"></span>la Cuesta, </div><div class="t m0 x10 ha yd0 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Eguzkilore, nº 3 (1989), p. 72; Gar<span class="blank _0"></span>cía-P<span class="blank _4"></span>ablos, Introducción, pp. 65 s.</div><div class="t m0 x11 ha yd1 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">14. <span class="blank _a"> </span>Cfr. <span class="blank _6"> </span>por <span class="blank _8"> </span>todos, <span class="blank _6"> </span>recogiendo <span class="blank _6"> </span>la <span class="blank _8"> </span>doctrina <span class="blank _6"> </span>en <span class="blank _6"> </span>este <span class="blank _8"> </span>sentido, <span class="blank _6"> </span>Cerezo, <span class="blank _6"> </span>PG, <span class="blank _8"> </span>I, <span class="blank _6"> </span>p. <span class="blank _6"> </span>35. <span class="blank _8"> </span>T<span class="blank _d"></span>ambién <span class="blank _8"> </span>Jor<span class="blank _0"></span>ge </div><div class="t m0 x10 ha yd2 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">Barreir<span class="blank _0"></span>o, op. cit., p. 736.</div><div class="t m0 x14 hb y45 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3">13<span class="lsd ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x14 hb yee ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3"><span class="fc1 sc0">14</span><span class="lsd ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x14 hb yef ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3"><span class="fc1 sc0">15</span><span class="lsd ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pf9" class="pf w4 h7" data-page-no="9"><div class="pc pc9 w4 h7"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y10 w5 he" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/6bfda964-9132-47c3-a664-6ebc927fd3cb/bg9.png"><div class="t m0 xb h9 y11 ff4 fs3 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">V<span class="blank _2"></span>. DEFINICIÓN DE DERECHO PENAL OBJETIVO<span class="blank _12"> </span><span class="fs4 v1">45</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y45 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">delito <span class="blank _8"> </span>pr<span class="blank _0"></span>evio, <span class="blank _8"> </span>aunque <span class="blank _8"> </span>sea <span class="blank _6"> </span>por <span class="blank _8"> </span>razones <span class="blank _8"> </span>distintas. <span class="blank _8"> </span>P<span class="blank _4"></span>or <span class="blank _8"> </span>otra <span class="blank _8"> </span>parte, <span class="blank _6"> </span>y <span class="blank _8"> </span>esto <span class="blank _8"> </span>es <span class="blank _8"> </span>fun-</div><div class="t m0 xb hc y46 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">damental, <span class="blank _6"> </span>si <span class="blank _6"> </span>bien <span class="blank _3"> </span>la <span class="blank _6"> </span>medida <span class="blank _6"> </span>de <span class="blank _6"> </span>seguridad <span class="blank _6"> </span>no <span class="blank _6"> </span>se <span class="blank _6"> </span>impone <span class="blank _6"> </span>como <span class="blank _3"> </span>mal <span class="blank _6"> </span>buscado, <span class="blank _6"> </span>lo </div><div class="t m0 xb hc y47 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">cierto </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">es </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">hecho </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">supone </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">menudo </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">privación </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echos </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">básicos </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y48 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">persona </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="fc1 sc0">grado </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">no </span><span class="fc1 sc0">menor </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pena.</span><span class="fs7 ws8 v2"><span class="fc1 sc0">15</span></span><span class="v0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">En </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">práctica </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ejecución </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">cier</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y6e ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">tas </span><span class="fc1 sc0">medidas </span><span class="fc1 sc0">asegurativas </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">interna</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _c"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">miento </span><span class="fc1 sc0">no </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="fc1 sc0">difer</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">encian </span><span class="fc1 sc0">su\ufb01cientemente </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y6f ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penas </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">privativas </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">libertad. </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">or </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">último, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">según </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">concepción </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">actual</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y70 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">mente </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">edominante, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penas </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">medidas </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">seguridad </span><span class="fc1 sc0">coinciden </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">perse</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y71 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">guir ambas la pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">evención de delitos.</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb yf0 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">V</span><span class="blank _5"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">. De\ufb01nición de Derecho penal objetivo </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc yf1 ff6 fsa fc2 sc0 lse ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="ff4 fs6 ls11"><span class="fc1 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _e"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ras </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">intr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">oducción </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">efectuada </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _d"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">conceptos </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pena </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">medida </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">segu</span><span class="ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc yf2 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls11 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">ridad, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">puede </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">decirse </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ya </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de\ufb01nición </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">von </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Liszt </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ha</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _0"></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc yf3 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls11 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ampliarse </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">diciendo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">son </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ff5"><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">normas </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">jurídicas </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">aso</span><span class="ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb h14 yf4 ff5 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls11 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">cian </span><span class="fc1 sc0">al </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">como </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">esupuesto, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">penas </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">y/o </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">medidas </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">seguridad, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">como </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">con</span><span class="ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc yf5 ff5 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls11 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">secuencia jurídica</span><span class="ff4 ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0">.</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb yf6 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls3 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="ff4 ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0">Más </span><span class="fc1 sc0">arriba </span><span class="fc1 sc0">hemos </span><span class="fc1 sc0">señalado, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sin </span><span class="fc1 sc0">embar</span><span class="fc1 sc0">go, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="fc1 sc0">no </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="fc1 sc0">agota </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc yf7 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">\ufb01jación </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penas </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">medidas </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">seguridad </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">para </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delitos, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sino </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ante </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb yf8 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">todo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">supone </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="ff6"><span class="fc1 sc0">normas </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">prohíben </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">comisión </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">delitos</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0">. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _d"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">or </span><span class="fc1 sc0">otra </span><span class="fc1 sc0">parte, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">tam</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc yf9 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">bién </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">indicábamos </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">está </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">integrado </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">no </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sólo </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">normas </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sen</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb yfa ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">tido </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">estricto, </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sino </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">también </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="ff6"><span class="fc1 sc0">valoraciones </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">principios</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">(vid. </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">infra, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Lec. </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">2, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">I </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc yfb ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">II). </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">odría </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">e</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _c"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">cisarse, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">entonces, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de\ufb01nición </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">térmi</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb yfc ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">nos </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">siguientes: </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="ff6"><span class="fc1 sc0">conjunto </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">normas, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">valoraciones </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">principios </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">jurídicos </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb yfd ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">desvaloran </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">prohíben </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">comi</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _c"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">sión </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delitos </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">asocian </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">éstos, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">como </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">presu</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb yfe ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">puesto, penas y/o medidas de segu</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _c"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ridad, como consecuencia jurídica</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0">.</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb yff ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">VI. Derecho penal y responsabilidad civil derivada del delito </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y100 ff6 fsa fc2 sc0 lse ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="ff4 fs6 ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0">A</span><span class="fc1 sc0">demás </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penas </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">medidas </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">seguridad </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">comisión </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">puede </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb y101 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">acarr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ear </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">una </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ter</span><span class="fc1 sc0">cera </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">consecuencia </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">jurídica: </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="ff6"><span class="fc1 sc0">responsabilidad </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">civil </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">derivada </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb y102 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3"><span class="fc1 sc0">delito</span><span class="ff4 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Se </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">trata </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">decidir </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">si </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">escripciones </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">establecen </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pertenecen </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">no </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y103 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">al </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">lo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cual </span><span class="fc1 sc0">depende </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">concepto </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">éste; </span><span class="fc1 sc0">per</span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="fc1 sc0">antes </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">es </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">eciso </span></div><div class="t m0 xb hc y104 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">adelantar br</span><span class="fc1 sc0">evemente el concepto de r</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">esponsabilidad civil.</span></div><div class="t m0 xc ha y8f ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">15. <span class="blank _a"> </span>Ello <span class="blank _0"></span>explica <span class="blank _0"></span>que <span class="blank _4"></span>algún autor, <span class="blank _4"></span>como los <span class="blank _0"></span>citados <span class="blank _4"></span>en la <span class="blank _4"></span>nota 13 <span class="blank _0"></span>hable <span class="blank _4"></span>del «carácter <span class="blank _4"></span>material de <span class="blank _4"></span>pena </div><div class="t m0 xb ha y68 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">que corresponde a <span class="blank _3"> </span>la <span class="blank _3"> </span>medida de <span class="blank _3"> </span>seguridad» (Rodríguez <span class="blank _3"> </span>R<span class="blank _3"> </span>amos), o <span class="blank _3"> </span>a\ufb01rme que <span class="blank _3"> </span>su <span class="blank _3"> </span>imposición constituye </div><div class="t m0 xb ha y69 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">materialmente <span class="blank _3"> </span>una <span class="blank _6"> </span>«condena» <span class="blank _6"> </span>(Vives). <span class="blank _3"> </span>P<span class="blank _0"></span>or <span class="blank _3"> </span>ello <span class="blank _6"> </span>consideran <span class="blank _3"> </span>contrarias <span class="blank _6"> </span>las <span class="blank _6"> </span>medidas <span class="blank _3"> </span>predelictuales <span class="blank _3"> </span>al <span class="blank _6"> </span>art. </div><div class="t m0 xb ha y6a ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">25, 1 <span class="blank _3"> </span>Constitución, que <span class="blank _3"> </span>sólo <span class="blank _3"> </span>permite condenar <span class="blank _3"> </span>o sancionar <span class="blank _3"> </span>en base <span class="blank _3"> </span>a <span class="blank _3"> </span>un delito, <span class="blank _3"> </span>falta o <span class="blank _3"> </span>infracción admi-</div><div class="t m0 xb ha y6b ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">nistrativa prevista por la legislación vigente.</div><div class="t m0 xd hb yf1 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3"><span class="fc1 sc0">16</span><span class="lsd ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xd hb yf6 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3"><span class="fc1 sc0">17</span><span class="lsd ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 xd hb y105 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3"><span class="fc1 sc0">18</span><span class="lsd ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div> <div id="pfa" class="pf w4 h7" data-page-no="a"><div class="pc pca w4 h7"><img fetchpriority="low" loading="lazy" class="bi x0 y106 w5 h15" alt="" src="https://files.passeidireto.com/6bfda964-9132-47c3-a664-6ebc927fd3cb/bga.png"><div class="t m0 x10 hf y44 ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws5">46<span class="blank"> </span><span class="fs3 ws0 v3">LECCIÓN 1. EL DERECHO PENAL </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb y45 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls3 ws0"> <span class="ff4 ls0">La <span class="blank _3"> </span>comisión de <span class="blank _3"> </span>un <span class="blank _3"> </span>delito <span class="blank _3"> </span>puede <span class="blank _3"> </span>ocasionar <span class="blank _3"> </span>un <span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="ff6">daño <span class="blank _3"> </span>patrimonial <span class="blank _3"> </span>y/o <span class="blank _3"> </span>moral</span> </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y46 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">en <span class="blank _4"></span>la <span class="blank _0"></span>víctima <span class="blank _4"></span>u <span class="blank _0"></span>otr<span class="blank _0"></span>os <span class="blank _4"></span>perjudicados. <span class="blank _0"></span>Mediante <span class="blank _4"></span>la <span class="blank _0"></span>pena <span class="blank _4"></span>no <span class="blank _0"></span>se <span class="blank _4"></span>resar<span class="blank _0"></span>ce <span class="blank _4"></span>al <span class="blank _0"></span>perjudicado </div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y47 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">dicho </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">daño; </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">para </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ello </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">evé </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">esponsabilidad </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">civil. </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">El </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">autor </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y48 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">deberá </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="ff5 ws2"><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">eparar</span><span class="ff4 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">daño </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">económico </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">causado </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="ff5 ws2"><span class="fc1 sc0">indemnizar</span></span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">perjuicios </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">mediante </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y49 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">el pago de una cantidad.</span></div><div class="t m0 x15 hf y107 ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 ls12 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="ff5 ls0 wsa"><span class="fc1 sc0">Ejemplos</span></span><span class="ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0">: </span><span class="fc1 sc0">El </span><span class="fc1 sc0">autor </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">obo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">no </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sólo </span><span class="fc1 sc0">debe </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sufrir </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pena </span><span class="fc1 sc0">privativa </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">libertad </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">corr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">es</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x15 hf y108 ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">pondiente, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sino </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="fc1 sc0">está </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">obligado </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">estituir </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cosa </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">obada </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="fc1 sc0">indemnizar </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="fc1 sc0">perjuicios </span></div><div class="t m0 x15 hf y109 ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">materiales </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">morales </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">causados </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">víctima; </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">homicida, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">además </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">tener </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">señalada </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">una </span></div><div class="t m0 x15 hf y10a ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">pena </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">privativa </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">libertad, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ha </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">indemnizar </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">viuda </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">víctima </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">perjuicios </span></div><div class="t m0 x15 hf y10b ff4 fs4 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">materiales y morales que le ocasionó la muerte de su marido.</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb y10c ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls3 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="ff4 ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0">¿P</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ertenece </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">al </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">esponsabilidad </span><span class="fc1 sc0">civil </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">derivada </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito? </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">En </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y10d ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mayoría </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">legis</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _c"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">laciones </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">esponsabilidad </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">civil </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">halla </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">egulada </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">leyes </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y10e ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">civiles </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ajenas </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">al </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Código </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal, </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">su </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">imposición </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">tiene </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">lugar </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">oceso </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">civil </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y10f ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">distinto </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">también </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">al </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">oceso </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal. </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">En </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">español, </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cambio, </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sucede </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">lo </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y110 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">contrario: </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Código </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">egula </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">esponsabilidad </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">civil </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">derivada </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y111 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">ésta </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ventila </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mismo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">oceso </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal. </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Ello </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">esultaría </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">coher</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ente </span><span class="fc1 sc0">con </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">con</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y112 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">sideración </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">es</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _c"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ponsabilidad </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">civil </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">como </span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">un </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ter</span><span class="fc1 sc0">cer </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">instrumento </span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">\u2014junto </span><span class="blank _a"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y113 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">penas </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">medidas\u2014 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">política </span><span class="fc1 sc0">criminal.</span><span class="fs7 ws8 v2"><span class="fc1 sc0">16</span></span><span class="v0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">De </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">hecho, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">vigente </span><span class="fc1 sc0">condi</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y114 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">ciona </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ciertos </span><span class="fc1 sc0">efectos </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penales </span><span class="fc1 sc0">(así </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">atenuanción </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pena </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">[art. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">21, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">5ª </span><span class="fc1 sc0">CP] </span><span class="fc1 sc0">o </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y115 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">cancelación </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">antecedentes </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delictivos </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">[136 </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">CP]) </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">satisfacción </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="fc1 sc0">cul</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y116 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">pable </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sus </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">esponsabilidades </span><span class="fc1 sc0">civiles, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">siquiera </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sea </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">junto </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="fc1 sc0">otras </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">condiciones. </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">A </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y117 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">menudo, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">otra </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">parte, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delitos </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">poco </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">graves </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">puede </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">tener </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">mayor </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">e\ufb01cacia </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y118 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">intimidatoria la r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">esponsabilidad civil que la penal.</span><span class="fs7 v2"><span class="fc1 sc0">17</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb y119 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls3 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="ff4 ls0"><span class="fc1 sc0">Es </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">destacar </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">actualidad </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">abr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">e </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">paso </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">tendencia, </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">totalmente </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y11a ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">justi</span><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _c"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">\ufb01cada, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">contemplar </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">eparación </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">económica </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">daño </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">causado </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">como </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">una </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hb y11b ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">las </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">exigencias </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">impone </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">una </span><span class="fc1 sc0">adecuada </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="ff6"><span class="fc1 sc0">consideración </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">víctima</span><span class="ff4"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">\u2014y </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">no </span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y11c ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">sólo </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delincuente\u2014 </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">como </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">uno </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">otagonistas </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">centrales </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="blank _6"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">delito. </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">La </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y11d ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">P</span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">olítica </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Criminal </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">no </span><span class="fc1 sc0">debería </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">eocuparse </span><span class="fc1 sc0">únicamente </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">delincuente, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sino </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">tam</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y11e ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">bién </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">dar </span><span class="fc1 sc0">satisfacción </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">víctima. </span><span class="fc1 sc0">En </span><span class="fc1 sc0">este </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sentido, </span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="fc1 sc0">EE.UU. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">ley </span><span class="fc1 sc0">fede</span><span class="fc1 sc0">-</span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y11f ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">ral </span><span class="fc1 sc0">para </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">otección </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">víctimas </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">delitos </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">testigos, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">12 </span><span class="fc1 sc0">oct. </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">82, </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">permite </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y120 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="fc1 sc0">los </span><span class="fc1 sc0">T</span><span class="blank _2"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ribunales </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penales </span><span class="fc1 sc0">imponer </span><span class="fc1 sc0">como </span><span class="fc1 sc0">sanción </span><span class="fc1 sc0">independiente </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">eparación </span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y121 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">daño </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="fc1 sc0">víctima </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">haya </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">sufrido; </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">y </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">en </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">República </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">F</span><span class="fc1 sc0">ederal </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">Alemania </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _4"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">ley </span><span class="blank _0"></span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y122 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">otección </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">víctima, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">18 </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">dic. </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">86, </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">trata </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">facilitar </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">que </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">la </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">esponsabilidad </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y123 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">civil </span><span class="fc1 sc0">se </span><span class="fc1 sc0">determine </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">por </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">juez </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">través </span><span class="fc1 sc0">del </span><span class="fc1 sc0">llamado </span><span class="blank _3"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">«pr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">oceso </span><span class="fc1 sc0">de </span><span class="fc1 sc0">adhesión», </span></div><div class="t m0 x10 hc y124 ff4 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0">r</span><span class="fc1 sc0">eformado </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">el </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">24 </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">jun.</span><span class="fs7 ws8 v2"><span class="fc1 sc0">18</span></span><span class="v0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Se </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">asiste, </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">pues, </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">a </span><span class="blank _9"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">una </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">apr</span><span class="fc1 sc0">oximación </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">al </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">Der</span><span class="fc1 sc0">echo </span><span class="blank _8"> </span><span class="fc1 sc0">penal </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x11 ha y69 ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">16. <span class="blank _a"> </span>Cfr. Mir Puig, Intr<span class="blank _0"></span>oducción, p. 29.</div><div class="t m0 x11 ha y6a ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">17. <span class="blank _a"> </span>Cfr. Antón, PG, p. 608.</div><div class="t m0 x11 ha y6b ff4 fs5 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">18. <span class="blank _a"> </span>Cfr. Loos, GA 2006, pp. 195 ss.</div><div class="t m0 x14 hb y45 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3">19<span class="lsd ws0"> </span></div><div class="t m0 x14 hb y125 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3"><span class="fc1 sc0">20</span><span class="lsd ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x14 hb y126 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3"><span class="fc1 sc0">21</span><span class="lsd ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></span></div><div class="t m0 x14 hb y127 ff6 fs6 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws3"><span class="fc1 sc0">22</span><span class="lsd ws0"><span class="fc1 sc0"> </span></span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data="{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}"></div></div>
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