Exercício Resolvido - Quimica Geral (210)

Prévia do material em texto

Chapter 10: Chemical Bonding I: Basic Concepts 
 419 
60. (M) The AX En m designations that are cited below are to be found in Table 11.1 of the 
text, along with a sketch and a picture of a model of each type of structure. 
(a) PCl3 is a trigonal pyramid. The molecule is of the 3AX E type, and 
has a tetrahedral electron-group geometry and a trigonal pyramid 
shape. PCl
Cl
Cl
 
 (b) SO4
2"
 has a tetrahedral shape. The ion is of the type AX4 , and has a 
tetrahedral electron-group geometry and a tetrahedral shape. The 
other resonance forms of the sulfate ion have the same shape. SO
O
O
O
2+
2-
(c) SOCl2 has a trigonal pyramidal shape. This molecule is of the 
3AX E type and has a tetrahedral electron-group geometry and a 
trigonal pyramidal shape. 
S
O
ClCl
 
(d) SO3 has a trigonal planar shape. The molecule is of the AX3 type, 
with a trigonal planar electron-group geometry and molecular 
shape. The other resonance contributors have the same shape.
S
O
OO
2+ 
 (e) BrF4
+
 has a distorted see-saw shape. The molecule is of the AX E4 
type, with a trigonal bipyramid electron-group geometry and a see-
saw molecular shape. 
F
Br
F
F F
+
 
 
61. (M) We first draw all the Lewis structures. From each, we can deduce the electron-group 
geometry and the molecular shape. 
 
(a) 2H S tetrahedral electron-group geometry, bent (angular) 
molecular geometry 
SH H
 
(b) 2 4N O trigonal planar electron-group geometry around each 
N, (planar molecule) NO
O
N
O
O
(c) HCN linear electron-group geometry, linear molecular 
geometry 
H C N
 
(d) SbCl6
"
 octahedral electron-group geometry, octahedral 
geometry 
Sb
Cl
ClCl
ClCl
Cl
-
 
(e) BF4
"
 tetrahedral electron-group geometry, tetrahedral 
molecular geometry 
-
B
F
F F
F
 
Chapter 10: Chemical Bonding I: Basic Concepts 
420 
62. (M) In each case, a plausible Lewis structure is given first, followed by the AX En m notation 
for each species followed by the electron-group geometry and, finally, the molecular 
geometry. 
 
(a) CO
 
linear electron-group geometry, linear 
molecular geometry 
C O
 
(b) SiCl4
 
tetrahedral electron-group geometry, 
tetrahedral molecular geometry 
SiCl Cl
Cl
Cl
 
(c) PH3
 
tetrahedral electron-group geometry, trigonal 
pyramidal molecular geometry 
PH
H
H
 
(d) ICl3
 
trigonal bipyramidal electron-group geometry, 
T- shape molecular geometry 
ICl
Cl
Cl
 
(e) SbCl5
 
electron-group geometry and molecular 
geometry, trigonal bipyramidal 
Cl Sb
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
 
(f) SO2
 
trigonal planar electron-group geometry, bent 
molecular geometry 
SO O
 
(g) AlF6
3 
octahedral electron-group geometry, 
octahedral geometry 
Al
F
FF
FF
F
3+
 
 
3-