ISPMBSeries_TechnicalPresentation

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<p>INGECON SUN PowerMax B SERIES</p><p>A new generation of central photovoltaic inverters</p><p>TECHNICAL PRESENTATION</p><p>Two-level topology</p><p>This topology uses:</p><p>❑ Two 1700V switches in serial connection per branch.</p><p>❑ Each switch is designed to support the whole DC voltage and the inverter’s AC current.</p><p>❑ This topology is used in most wind converters, as they have similar operating</p><p>voltages to central PV inverters.</p><p>CONVERSION TOPOLOGY</p><p>Two-level topology</p><p>CONVERSION TOPOLOGY</p><p>RED, Current through the photovoltaic arrays</p><p>BLUE, Current through the capacitor</p><p>• The current in the PV panels is continuous and</p><p>it depends on the voltage and the irradiance</p><p>• The capacitor provides pulse currents through</p><p>the IGBTs.</p><p>• The capacitors are very sensitive to overvoltage.</p><p>If the PV voltage gets over the maximum, the</p><p>capacitors will get destroyed.</p><p>Two-level topology</p><p>CONVERSION TOPOLOGY</p><p>RED ,</p><p>VOLTAGE</p><p>IN THE</p><p>IGBTs</p><p>OUTPUT</p><p>BLUE,</p><p>VOLTAGE</p><p>IN THE</p><p>GRID</p><p>• The voltage in the IGBTs has a pulse</p><p>shape, with three levels, + , - and zero</p><p>• The RMS is controlled by the opening and</p><p>closing time of the IGBTs</p><p>• The grid voltage has a sinusoidal shape,</p><p>and a main frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz</p><p>Two-level topology</p><p>CONVERSION TOPOLOGY</p><p>INDUCTORS</p><p>• A coil is a passive two terminal electrical component used to store energy in a magnetic</p><p>field. The conductor is typically wound in loops to reinforce the magnetic field.</p><p>• Inductors are one of the basic components used in electronics where current and voltage</p><p>change with time, due to the ability of inductors to delay and reshape alternating currents.</p><p>Two-level topology</p><p>CONVERSION TOPOLOGY</p><p>Currents</p><p>through the</p><p>chokes</p><p>Current</p><p>through the</p><p>output</p><p>•The current in the chokes shows fast frequency</p><p>harmonics. The inverters must filter those</p><p>harmonics and feed the grid with sinusoidal</p><p>current.</p><p>•The LC filter removes those fast frequency</p><p>harmonics. The filter is made by a choke and</p><p>capacitors.</p><p>Two-level topology</p><p>CONVERSION TOPOLOGY</p><p>• Isolation transformers provide galvanic isolation and are used to protect against electric</p><p>shock, to suppress electrical noise in sensitive devices, or to transfer power between two</p><p>circuits which must not be connected together.</p><p>• The isolation transformer is made a winding around a magnetic core. The electrical power is</p><p>transformed to magnetic field in the core and the magnetic field supplies the power in the other</p><p>winding. There is no electrical connection between both circuits.</p><p>TRANSFORMER</p><p>Motorized</p><p>DC Switch</p><p>AC Circuit Breaker</p><p>DC Fuses</p><p>Inductance Inductance’s Fan</p><p>Phase’s Fan</p><p>Harmonic Filter</p><p>Control and</p><p>Power Supplies</p><p>Power Phases</p><p>COMPONENTS</p><p>DC Inputs</p><p>AC Output</p><p>COMPONENTS</p><p>PHASE: Every phase comprises all the power electronics components of</p><p>the converter, IGBTs, DCLink, etc… Those elements are in charge of</p><p>converting the DC current into AC current .</p><p>PHASE</p><p>COMPONENTS</p><p>TMEDBUS: This board is in charge of measuring the bus impedance. It</p><p>enforces an unbalanced voltage between Bus+ and ground or Bus- and</p><p>ground.</p><p>TMEDBUS</p><p>COMPONENTS</p><p>POWER STACK DOOR: This door holds 3 important boards from the inverter.</p><p>● CCU (Converter Control Unit): Converter control board.</p><p>● CSS (Contactor Supply System): Board that supplies power to the AC Contactor.</p><p>● PSS (Power Supply System): Board with all the necessary power supply units</p><p>needed by the converter.</p><p>CCU, CSS & PSS</p><p>COMPONENTS</p><p>TFAM: Board in charge of supervising the state of the fans and the</p><p>auxiliary services within the converter.</p><p>TFAM</p><p>COMPONENTS</p><p>TVPVM & TVPVO: These electronic boards that allow measuring the DC</p><p>voltage and isolate the inverter from the DC side are located at the DC/AC</p><p>connection cabinet.</p><p>TVPM & TVPVO</p><p>COMPONENTS</p><p>CMC: Inverter common mode filter, in charge of reducing noise in system wiring.</p><p>CMC</p><p>COMPONENTS</p><p>TOFS & TBUSD</p><p>TOFS & TBUSD: These are the synchronism card and the bus capacitor voltage discharging</p><p>board respectively.</p><p>The synchronism board allows synchronization of several inverters connected to the same</p><p>winding of the transformer.</p><p>The capacitor voltage discharging board allows discharging the DC bus capacitor when a</p><p>manual stop of the inverter is required.</p><p>The rest of electronic boards are kits and can be found at the DC/AC connection cabinet:</p><p>• TCOM: Ethernet board</p><p>• TGND: Intelligent grounding board</p><p>• TMD: DC current monitoring board</p><p>FIRMWARE</p><p>Who?? How?? What??</p><p>Inverter</p><p>INGECON SUN Manager</p><p>ABK1000…</p><p>https://device.ingeconsunmonitor.com/</p><p>Display</p><p>INGECON SUN Manager</p><p>ABK1005…</p><p>https://device.ingeconsunmonitor.com/</p><p>TCOM</p><p>https://device.ingeconsunmonitor.com/</p><p>AAX1055…</p><p>USB drive</p><p>CSS</p><p>INGETEAM Technical SupportTGND (optional)</p><p>TMD (optional)</p><p>THERMAL OPERATION</p><p>6 points of measurement:</p><p>▪ Phase R</p><p>▪ Phase S</p><p>▪ Phase T</p><p>▪ Inductance</p><p>▪ Stack</p><p>▪ Ambient</p><p>Power Regulation:</p><p>▪ Max. Phases Temperature</p><p>▪ Ambient Temperature</p><p>THERMAL OPERATION</p><p>▪ Phases Below 30°C 50% Inom</p><p>THERMAL OPERATION</p><p>Power Regulation:</p><p>▪ Stack Temperature</p><p>▪ Coil Temperature.</p><p>▪ Stack at 63°C (70%).</p><p>▪ ∆Tstack-Amb → 15°C(100%) – 18°C(70%).</p><p>▪ Inductance at 140°C (70%)</p><p>THERMAL OPERATION</p><p>Alarms:</p><p>▪ Phase R, S and T => max(Tr,Ts,Tt) >= 89° (1000V) & 92°C (1500V)</p><p>▪ Inductance => Temp L >= 150°C In all inverters.</p><p>▪ Stack => Temp Stack >= 67°C</p><p>▪ Ambient => Temp Out >= 65°C</p><p>Warning:</p><p>▪ Only when both PV modules and inverter are power regulated.</p><p>THERMAL OPERATION</p><p>Cooling System:</p><p>▪ Phases Fans duty cycle depends on the Temperature</p><p>▪ Phases Fans duty cycle depending on the Current</p><p>▪ Inductance always at 100% when any other fan is on ON or at 60ºC</p><p>Duty Cycle Stop Temp (ºC) Start Temp (ºC)</p><p>25% 35 40</p><p>50% 40 50</p><p>75% 50 60</p><p>100% 60 65</p><p>Duty Cycle</p><p>Stop Current</p><p>(%Inom)</p><p>Start Current</p><p>(%Inom)</p><p>25% 55 70</p><p>50% 70 80</p><p>THERMAL OPERATION</p><p>Cooling System → Stack Intercooler</p><p>▪ Stack intercooler: It exchanges heat between the stack and the outside</p><p>▪ Critical to keep the components below the thermal limit</p><p>▪ The deflectors inside the stack are critical to maintain a correct air flow</p><p>THERMAL OPERATION</p><p>Cooling System → Stack Intercooler</p><p>▪ Two models of Intercooler:</p><p>A) Cosmotec and Lotec Comertial Intercooler: WITHOUT fan monitoring</p><p>B) Ingeteam own design Intercooler: WITH fan monitoring</p><p>▪ Three different methods to detect the failure of the Intercooler.</p><p>• Autotest algorithm → Only A.</p><p>• Direct monitoring of the fans signals→ Only B.</p><p>• Temperature difference between stack and ambient. → A and B.</p><p>THERMAL OPERATION</p><p>▪ Direct monitoring of the fans signals → Only B.</p><p>Intercooler (Ingeteam Own Design)</p><p>TFAM Ventilation</p><p>Monitoring Board</p><p>Intercooler Fan signals</p><p>CCU</p><p>Phase and Inductor Fans signals</p><p>Serial Control Signal</p><p>Phase RSync Pulse Phase S Phase T Induct Intercool 1 Intercool 2</p><p>Phase S Fan Error</p><p>Cooling System → Stack Intercooler</p><p>SYNCHRONIZATION</p><p>SYNCHRONIZATION</p><p>TOFS electronic board</p><p>SYNCHRONIZATION</p><p>2 inverters:</p><p>SYNCHRONIZATION</p><p>3 inverters:</p><p>SYNCHRONIZATION</p><p>4 inverters:</p><p>DC GROUNDING</p><p>Smart CAN Ground System</p><p>▪ It is becoming very usual to install grounded systems</p><p>▪ The smart grounding board allows having a more accurate and better protected</p><p>system to perform the grounding.</p><p>▪ Ingeteam solution allows to connect grounded inverters to the same winding of</p><p>the transformer, which is cheaper due to the cost reduction of the transformer.</p><p>▪ This system is more complex that regular grounding and requires CAN</p><p>communication between the grounded inverters</p><p>DC GROUNDING</p><p>DC GROUNDING</p><p>▪ Dual Power Max B Series are Master/Slave inverters to the same winding of the</p><p>transformer:</p><p>A) Master B) Slave A) Master B) Slave</p><p>DC GROUNDING</p><p>▪ Each inverter has a CAN input and an output</p><p>A) Master B) Slave</p><p>Out</p><p>In</p><p>Display</p><p>CCU</p><p>Smart GND Board</p><p>CCS</p><p>DC Current Board</p><p>DC GROUNDING</p><p>▪ Three Inverters in the same CAN Bus: 1 Master + 2 Slaves</p><p>IN</p><p>OUT OUT</p><p>IN</p><p>R</p><p>R</p><p>A) Master</p><p>node 1</p><p>B) Slave</p><p>node 2</p><p>C) Slave</p><p>node 3</p><p>DC GROUNDING</p><p>▪ Firmware Upgrade to the DSPs:</p><p>Note: Upgrade the display firmware first.</p><p>DC GROUNDING</p><p>▪ Procedure to set up the configuration of the CCUs:</p><p>• DONE BY INGETEAM → Connect with ISM and check that the master and</p><p>slaves has the following parameters :</p><p>Inverter Node</p><p>Number</p><p>Max Num</p><p>Node</p><p>Ground</p><p>Board Kit</p><p>Smart CAN</p><p>Kit</p><p>Master 1 1 4 Enabled Enabled</p><p>Slave 2 2 4 Disabled Enabled</p><p>Slave 3 3 4 Disabled Enabled</p><p>Slave 4 4 4 Disabled Enabled</p><p>DC GROUNDING</p><p>▪ Procedure to set up the system:</p><p>DONE BY THE CLIENT ONLY WHEN REQUIRED BY INGETEAM</p><p>▪ Confirm that the CAN wiring is correctly connected and that the end</p><p>resistor are placed correctly placed.</p><p>▪ Set up the node numbers of each inverter:</p><p>1. Switch off auxiliary services of all inverters except Inverter 1, and</p><p>disconnect the Display from the other inverters and in the display of</p><p>inv 1, go to advanced settings to set up the CAN settings and insert</p><p>node 1.</p><p>2. Switch off the auxiliary devices of inv 1, disconnect its display,</p><p>reconnect the display of inverter 2. Turn on the auxiliary devices of</p><p>inverter 2, access to display CAN Settings (advanced settings) and</p><p>insert node 2.</p><p>3. Do the same in inverter 3 or 4 (if there are)</p><p>4. Reconnect the display of all inverters and turn on the auxiliary</p><p>devices switch.</p><p>DC GROUNDING</p><p>▪ Working principals:</p><p>▪ If the master inverter stops but its auxiliaries are ON, the slave inverters carry</p><p>on working</p><p>▪ If the master inverter auxiliaries are OFF, the slave inverters stop working</p><p>▪ One singles board for the whole system → No possible to integrate one board</p><p>in every inverter (due to very high homopolar currents traveling through the</p><p>boards)</p><p>▪ In case of an Isolation fault:</p><p>• Press the emergency push button in all the inverters (DC breakers will</p><p>open)</p><p>• In the display from the master inverter, access the menu where the</p><p>voltages that the grounding board is measuring are shown (positive to</p><p>ground, negative to ground) → They should be unbalanced</p><p>• Start opening string box number one. If the insulation fault is in that</p><p>string box, then the previous voltage readings will balance when you</p><p>open it. If the voltage reading remain unbalanced, close that string box.</p><p>• Carry on the process with the remaining string boxes until we find the</p><p>one with the insulation fault.</p><p>AUXILIARY POWER</p><p>AUXILIARY POWER</p><p>MAN MACHINE COMMS</p><p>MAN MACHINE COMMS</p>