Essential Elements for Strings Double Bass Book 1

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Ms. DOUBLE BASS BOOK ESSENTIAL Interactive R Resources Included ELEMENTS Strings A COMPREHENSIVE STRING METHOD BY MICHAEL ALLEN ROBERT GILLESPIE PAMELA TELLEJOHN HAYES ARRANGEMENTS BY JOHN HIGGINS Fully compatible with Essential Elements 20002 THE DOUBLE BASS Scroll Machine head Take Special Care (Tuning mechanism) String instruments are delicate. Follow your teacher's Peg box guidelines in caring for your instrument, and it will last forever. Nut Follow your teacher's instructions when removing Fingerboard the instrument from the case. Protect your instrument from heat, cold, and quick Neck changes in temperature. Always wipe off the instrument with a soft dry cloth. Be sure to remove all fingerprints and rosin. Upper bout Accessories Rosin "C" bout Soft cloth "F"hole Stool (optional) Bridge Sound post (inside) Tailpiece End pin THE BOW Adjusting Tip Stick Bow hair Winding Ferrule Frog screw Never touch the bow hair.HOLDING YOUR INSTRUMENT The best way to learn to play your instrument is to practice one skill at a time. Repeat each step until you are comfortable demonstrating it for your teacher and classmates. Holding The Double Bass (standing) Holding The Double Bass (sitting) Remove the bow from the case and put it in a safe place. Open the case and remove the bass. Identify all parts Step 1 Remove the bow from the case and put it in a safe place. Open the case and remove the bass. Identify all parts Step 1 of the bass. of the bass. Step 2 Adjust the length of the end pin so that the nut of the bass is near the top of your forehead when standing. Step 2 Adjust the length of the end pin so that the nut of the bass is near the top of your forehead when standing. Step 3 Place the end pin in front of your left foot about right foot on the floor and your left foot on a rung of the stool. Step 3 Sit squarely on the front half of the stool with your one arm's length away. Place your left foot slightly forward. Place the end pin in front of your left foot about one arm's Step 4 Rotate the bass slightly to the right and lean the left bass length away. body so that the upper bout rests against the Step 4 Rotate the bass slightly to the right and lean the toward side of your your finger of each string: the stomach. Identify the letter names E (lowest pitch), A, D, G. Raise your right index over toward your body so that the upper bout rests against the left strings and pluck them as directed by your teacher. Plucking side of your stomach. Identify the letter names of each string: the strings is called pizzicato, and is abbreviated pizz. E (lowest pitch), A, D, G. Raise your right index finger over the strings and pluck them as directed by your teacher. Plucking the strings is called pizzicato, and is abbreviated pizz. EADG EADG4 Beat = The Pulse of Music The beat in music should be very steady, just like your pulse. Quarter Note = 1 Beat of Sound Notes tell us how high or low to play, and how long to play. Quarter Rest = 1 Beat of Silence Rests tell us to count silent beats. Music Staff The music staff has 5 lines and 4 spaces. Measure Measure Music Bar Lines Bar lines divide the music staff into measures. Staff Bar Line Bar Line Bar Line Measures The measures on this page have four beats each. 1. TUNING TRACK Wait quietly for your teacher to tune your instrument. 2. LET'S PLAY "OPEN D" Pizzicato (pizz.) Pluck the strings 0 Open string D D D D D D D D D D D D D 3. LET'S PLAY "OPEN A" pizz. 0 A A A A A A A A Keep a steady beat. 4. TWO'S A TEAM pizz. D 9 D D D D A A A A A 5. AT PIERROT'S DOOR The melody is on your CD. pizz. D D D D D D D A A ALines Spaces Bass Clef Clefs indicate a set of note names. FACEGB Time Signature 4 4 beats per measure The time signature tells us how many beats are in (Meter) 4 or gets one beat each measure and what kind of note gets one beat. Double Bar A double bar indicates the end of a piece of music. 6. JUMPING JACKS Identify the clef and time signature before playing. pizz. Double Bar D D D D D D D A A 7. MIX 'EM UP pizz. D D D D D D D A A Repeat Sign Go back to the beginning and play the music again. Counting Count 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & One beat = Tap toe down on the number and Tap up on "&" Always count when playing or resting. 8. COUNT CAREFULLY Keep a steady beat when playing or resting. pizz. Repeat sign D D D A A Count: 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 1 & 2 & 3 & & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 9. ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS QUIZ Write in the counting before you play. pizz. D D A A A6 SHAPING THE LEFT HAND D STRING NOTES Step 1 Shape your left hand as shown. D G Be certain your palm faces you. E A 2 3 1 4 0 = Open string 1 1 = 1st finger E 2 = 2nd finger 3 = 3rd finger 4 = 4th finger 3 4 F# Step 2 Bring your left hand to the fingerboard. Place your fingers on the F# E D string, keeping your is played with is played with hand shaped as shown. 4 fingers on 1 finger on Be sure your thumb is the D string. the D string. behind the second finger and slightly bent. Listening Skills Play what your teacher plays. Listen carefully. 10. LET'S READ "G" Start memorizing the note pizz. 0 G c Sharp A sharp raises the sound of notes and remains in effect for the entire measure. Notes without sharps are called natural notes. 11. LET'S READ "F#" (F-sharp) pizz. 4 F F Play all F#'s. Sharps apply to the entire measure. 12. LIFT OFF pizz. 0 4 G G F F F Keep fingers down when you see this bracket. Is your left hand shaped as shown in the diagrams above?SHAPING THE RIGHT HAND BOW BUILDER ONE Pencil Hold Step 1 Hold a pencil in your left hand about waist level. Step 2 Place the tip of your right thumb between the first and second joints of your second finger. Step 3 Place the pencil between your thumb and second finger, while keeping your thumb gently curved. Step 4 The pencil should touch your first three fingers between the first and second joints, and touch the fourth finger at the first joint, as shown. Step 5 Remove your left hand from the pencil. Keep your fingers relaxed. Practice shaping your hand on the pencil until it feels natural to you. Practice BOW BUILDER ONE daily. 13. ON THE TRAIL Say or sing the note names before you play. pizz. c G G F F 14. LET'S READ "E" pizz. 1 E E E 15. WALKING SONG pizz. 0 4 1 4 1 4 0 F P F E E Count: 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 16. ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS QUIZ Draw the missing symbols where they belong before you play: pizz. G G F E E D D8 BOW BUILDER TWO Pencil Hold Exercises (French Bow Only) I'm Outta Here Finger Taps Wave good-bye while keeping your Tap your first finger. Then tap your wrist relaxed. fourth finger. Thumb Flexers Knuckle Turnovers Flex your thumb in and out. Turn your hand over and be sure your thumb knuckle is bent, as shown. Knuckle Turnovers BOW BUILDER THREE Bowing Motions The Pendulum (French and German Bow) Let your arm hang down to your side. While keeping your elbow straight, swing your arm back and forth like a pendulum. The Pendulum 17. HOP SCOTCH pizz. 0 4 1 4 e F F F F E E Count: 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & Folk songs have been an important part of cultures for centuries and have been passed on from generation to generation. Folk song melodies help define the sound of a culture or region. This folk song comes from the Slavic region of Europe. 18. MORNING DANCE Folk Song pizz. 0 4 0 1 c F F F E D D 19. ROLLING ALONG Go to next line. pizz. F D F F E E E E D DNEW NOTE EADG G 1 A A is played with 2 1 finger on the G string. 3 20. GOOD KING WENCESLAS Welsh Folk Song pizz. 0 1 0 1 4 A G G F c E E D D 21. SEMINOLE CHANT pizz. 0 1 4 0 c G F E E E E D Count: 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 22. ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS QUIZ - LIGHTLY ROW pizz. 1 4 0 1 A A G G F E E D A A G F F E D D10 G STRING NOTES is played with is played with is played with D G E A D 4 fingers on the C# 2 fingers on the B 4 fingers on the G string in third G string in third G string in first position (III). position (III). position (I). 1 A 2 I 3 4 B 1 2 C# 3 III 4 D Listening Skills Play what your teacher plays. Listen carefully. Ledger lines Ledger Lines Ledger lines extend the music staff higher or lower. Ledger lines 23. LET'S READ "D" pizz. 4 D D D D D III 24. LET'S READ (C-sharp) 2 pizz. C - C C C III Play all C#'s. Sharps apply to the entire measure. 25. TAKE OFF pizz. 4 2 D D D D C III 26. CARIBBEAN ISLAND 4 pizz. 4 2 2 D D D D 0 C D D III Practice BOW BUILDERS ONE, TWO, and THREE daily.27. OLYMPIC HIGH JUMP 4 2 pizz. D D 0 C D D D C D D III 28. LET'S READ "B" pizz. 4 B B B Shifting Sliding your left hand smoothly and lightly to a new location on the fingerboard, indicated by a dash 29. HALF WAY DOWN 4 pizz. 2 D -4 C 1 A III I 30. RIGHT BACK UP -2 4 pizz. 1 4 D A III Scale A scale is a sequence of notes in ascending or descending order. Like a musical "ladder", each note is the next consecutive step of the scale. This is your D Scale. The first and last notes are both D. 31. DOWN THE D SCALE Remember to memorize the note names. pizz. 4 2 4 D C 1 A III I 0 4 1 0 E D 32. ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS QUIZ - UP THE D SCALE pizz. 0 1 4 0 G F E D -2 4 1 4 D III12 BOW BUILDER FOUR On The Bow (French) On The Bow (German) Step 1 Identify all parts of the bow (see page 2). Hold the Step 1 Identify all parts of the bow (see page 2). Hold the bow in your left hand near the tip with the frog bow in your left hand near the tip with the frog pointing to the right. pointing to the right. Step 2 Place the bow between your right thumb and second Step 2 Place the frog in your right hand at the base joints of finger. The tip of your thumb will contact the stick your fingers. next to the frog, and your second finger will extend to the ferrule. Step 3 Put your thumb on top of the bow while the tips of the first and second fingers touch the side of the stick Step 3 Shape the remaining fingers on the bow stick as shown. and frog. Step 4 Turn your right hand over, and be sure your thumb Step 4 Hook your fourth finger underneath the frog touching is curved. the ferrule. Allow the third finger to curve and relax. Step 5 Hold the bow and repeat the exercises on page 8. French Bow French Bow German Bow German Bow Alert Do not place your bow on the instrument until instructed to do so by your teacher. 33. SONG FOR CHRISTINE 4 pizz. 2 -4 D 1 C 0 4 0 1 A G F E D III I 4 1 1 0 4 0 1 0 B A A G F D D 34. NATALIE'S ROSE Remember to count. pizz. 0 1 0 4 0 1 4 0 1 4 1 A A G G G F E D -2 4 4 1 4 1 4 1 D D 4 0 0 0 A A A G G D III 35. ESSENTIAL CREATIVITY How many words can you create by drawing notes on the staff below? Example E G GFolk songs often tell stories. This Israeli folk song describes a game played with a dreidel, a small table-top spinning toy that has been enjoyed by families for centuries. The game is especially popular in December around the time of Hanukkah. 36. DREIDEL Israeli Folk Song 1 pizz. 0 1 4 0 A G F F E D A A A A F F F. F F E A A G G G G G F F E E E E D BOW BUILDER FIVE Shadow Bowing Shadow Bowing is bowing without the instrument. Step 1 Tighten the bow hair as instructed by your teacher. Step 2 Place the rosin in your left hand. Hold the bow in your right hand. Step 3 Shadow bow by slowly moving the bow back and forth on the rosin. Be sure to move the bow, not the rosin. Down Bow Move the bow away from your body (to the right). Up Bow V Move the bow toward your body (to the left). 37. ROSIN RAP # 1 Bow these exercises on the rosin. V V y Up Rest Down Rest Up Rest Down Up Down Up Down Rest Up Rest Down Rest 38. ROSIN RAP #2 V V Up Rest Rest Down Up Rest Rest Down Up Down Rest Up Down Up Rest Down 39. ROSIN RAP #3 V V y V Down Rest Down Up Rest Rest Down Rest Up Rest Down Up Down Up Up Rest Is your bow hand shaped as shown in the diagram above?14 Review these notes. Write the letter names in the spaces below. 40. CAROLINA BREEZE pizz. 0 4 1 0 0 4 1 4 0 3 4 1 2 & 3 & 4 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & & 2 & 3 & 4 & Count: 1 & 2 & & & & 41. JINGLE BELLS J.S. Pierpont pizz. 0 4 4 0 4 4 1 4 0 4 1 0 4 42. OLD MACDONALD HAD A FARM American Folk Song 4 pizz. 0 0 1 0 0 4 0 Practice BOW BUILDER FIVE daily.Austrian composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791) was a child prodigy who first performed in concert at age 6. He lived during the time of the American Revolution (1775-1783). Mozart's music is melodic and imaginative. He wrote hundreds of compositions, including a piano piece based on this familiar song. 43. A MOZART MELODY Adapted by W.A. Mozart pizz. 0 1 4 0 4 1 0 1 4 0 0 Key Signature A key signature tells us what notes to play with sharps and flats throughout the entire piece. Play all F's as F# (F-sharp) and all C's as C# (C-sharp) when you see D MAJOR this key signature, which is called "D Major." 44. MATTHEW'S MARCH pizz. 4 4 -4 2 4 -4 1 III I III I Play F#'s and C#'s when you see this key signature. 4 0 1 1 1 0 45. CHRISTOPHER'S TUNE pizz. 0 1 4 1 0 4 -2 4 0 1 4 4 1 III 46. ESSENTIAL CREATIVITY Play the notes below. Then compose your own music for the last two measures using the notes you have learned with this rhythm:16 BOW BUILDER SIX Let's Bow! French Bow Hold German Bow Hold Thumb Placement (French) Listening Skills Play what your teacher plays. Listen carefully. Your tone should be smooth and even. 47. BOW ON THE D STRING 7 Play with the bow on the string. arco 48. BOW ON THE A STRING y VWORKOUTS String Levels Your arm moves when bowing on different strings. Memorize these guidelines: Move your arm forward and up to to play higher-pitched strings. Move your arm back and down to play Raise arm = higher string lower-pitched strings. Lower arm = lower string 49. RAISE AND LOWER Raise your arm. Lower your arm. 50. TEETER TOTTER 51. MIRROR IMAGE Bow Lift Lift the bow and return to its starting point. 52. A STRAND OF D 'N' A Bow Lift 53. ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS QUIZ - OLYMPIC CHALLENGE BOW BUILDER SEVEN Combining Both Hands Using notes from the D major scale, echo what your teacher plays. Example A: Teacher Student Teacher Student Teacher Student Example B: Teacher Student Teacher Student Teacher Student18 PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER Congratulations! You are now ready to practice like an advanced player by combining left and right hand skills while reading music. When learning a new line of music, follow these steps for success: Step 1 Tap your toe and say or sing the letter names. Step 2 Play pizz. and say or sing the letter names. Step 3 Shadow bow and say or sing the letter names. Step 4 Bow and play as written. 54. BOWING "G" 0 55. BACK AND FORTH 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 56. DOWN AND UP 0 4 1 4 y 57. TRIBAL LAMENT (Bow Lift) 1 0 4 0 58. BOWING "D" 4 y III 59. LITTLE STEPS 4 2 4 V 2 60. ELEVATOR DOWN 4 -4 2 2 & 361. ELEVATOR UP 1 4 V III 62. DOWN THE D MAJOR SCALE 4 2 1 III I 0 4 0 V 63. SCALE SIMULATOR Remember to count. 0 1 4 0 V 0 4 4 y V III 64. ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS QUIZ - THE D MAJOR SCALE -2 4 III I EADG C# is played with 4 fingers on the A string. 4 C# 65. LET'S READ 4 y 0 420 Eighth Notes Beam Each Eighth Note = 1/2 Beat Two or more Eighth 2 Eighth Notes = 1 Beat 1 & 2 & Notes have a beam across the stems. Tap your toe down on the number and up on the"&". 66. RHYTHM RAP Shadow bow and count before playing. V V Count: 1 & & & & 67. PEPPERONI PIZZA 4 -4 III I 68. RHYTHM RAP Shadow bow and count before playing. y V Count: 1 & & & 1 & 2 3 & 4 & & 2 & & 69. D MAJOR SCALE UP -2 4 Tempo is the speed of music. Tempo markings are usually written above the staff, in Italian. Tempo Markings Allegro - Fast tempo - Medium tempo - Slower, walking tempo 70. HOT CROSS BUNS Moderato 71. AU CLAIRE DE LA LUNE Andante French Folk Song72. RHYTHM RAP Shadow bow and count before playing. V y Count: 1 & & 3 & 4 & & & 2 & 3 & 73. BUCKEYE SALUTE Moderato 4 2 III I -4 4 2 III 2 Time Signature Conducting 2 2 beats per measure Practice conducting this Quarter note gets one beat two-beat pattern. 74. RHYTHM RAP Shadow bow and count before playing. V V V Count: 1 & 2 & 1 & 2 & 1 & 2 & 1 & 2 & & 2 & & 2 & & 2 & 2 & 75. TWO BY TWO 1. 2. Play the 1st ending the 1st time through. Then, repeat 1 st & 2nd Endings the same section of music, skip the 1st ending, and play the 2nd ending. 76. ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS QUIZ - FOR PETE'S SAKE Moderato 4 4 1. 2. III I 1st time 2nd time22 Half Note Half Rest = 2 Beats = 2 Silent Beats 1 & 2 & 1 & 2 & 77. RHYTHM RAP Shadow bow and count before playing. V V Count: 1 & & 3 & 4 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & & 2 & 3 & 4 & 78. AT PIERROT'S DOOR French Folk Song Moderato Slow Slow Slow Bow Bow 79. THE HALF COUNTS 4 2 -4 III I 80. GRANDPARENT'S DAY Andante American Folk Song Repeat the section of music enclosed by the repeat signs. Repeat Signs (If 1st and 2nd endings are used, they are played as usual- but go back only to the first repeat sign, not to the beginning.) 81. MICHAEL ROW THE BOAT ASHORE American Folk Song Moderato V 1. 2. y 82. TEXAS TWO-STRING Pizz. this exercise with your left hand 4th finger. 4+ = 4th finger pizz. (etc.)NEW NOTES is played with 4 fingers is played with 1 finger D G E A A on the D string in third G on the D string in third position (III). position (III). 3 1 G III 3 4 A 83. FOUR BY FOUR 4 -1 4 -4 III I 4 -4 III I 84. 4TH FINGER MARATHON 4 -4 1 -4 V -4 1 0 III I III I 85. HIGH FLYING 1 German composer Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827) was one of the world's greatest composers. He was completely deaf by 1802. Although he could not hear music like we do, he could "hear" it in his mind. The theme of his final Symphony is called "Ode To Joy," and was written to the text of a poem by Friedrich von Schiller. "Ode To Joy" was featured in concerts celebrating the reunification of Germany in 1990. 86. ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS QUIZ - ODE TO JOY Moderato Ludwig van Beethoven 4 -4 III I III -4 4 0 -1 4 -4 V III I24 PERFORMANCE SPOTLIGHT Good performers are on time with their instruments and music ready, dressed appropriately, and know their music well. 87. SCALE WARM-UP III -4 I 88. JACQUES - Round (When group A reaches 2 group B begins at 1 Moderato French Folk Song 1 2 V Chord, Harmony Two or more pitches sounding at the same time form a chord or harmony. Throughout this book, A = Melody and B = Harmony. 89. BILE 'EM CABBAGE DOWN Orchestra Arrangement Allegro American Fiddle Tune A pizz. B 5 Measure Number A BPERFORMANCE SPOTLIGHT 90. ENGLISH ROUND Andante 4 2 4 1 2 4 4 III 91. LIGHTLY ROW - Orchestra Arrangement Moderato A V V B 5 A French composer Jacques Offenbach (1819-1880) was the originator of the operetta and played the cello. An operetta is a form of entertainment that combines several of the fine arts together: vocal and instrumental music, drama, dance, and visual arts. One of his most famous pieces is the "Can-Can" dance from Orpheus And The Underworld. This popular work was written in 1858, just three years before the start of the American Civil War (1861-1865). 92. CAN-CAN Orchestra Arrangement Jacques Offenbach Arr. John Higgins Allegro -4 A I III -4 -4 B I III 9 A B What were the strong points of your performance?26 E AND A STRING NOTES is played with is played with is played with G 2 fingers on C 2 fingers on B 1 finger on the E string. the A string. the A string. A D G E B 1 C G 22 3 3 4 4 Listening Skills Play what your teacher plays. Listen carefully. Key Signature Play all F's as F# (F-sharp) and all C's as (C-natural). G MAJOR 93. LET'S READ "G" 2 V A Play F#'s and Cb's in this key signature. 94. LET'S READ "C" (C-natural) 2 y 2 95. LET'S READ "B" y 2 2 B 96. LET'S READ "A" 0 2 1 2 0 A97. WALKING AROUND Name the notes before you play. 2 1 0 2 98. G MAJOR SCALE Write the note names before you play. 2 2 0 0 1 4 99. FOURTH FINGER D (for violins and violas) 2 2 0 0 Time Signature C = Common Time Conducting Practice conducting (Meter) Same as this four-beat pattern. 2 3 100. LOW DOWN 2 0 101. BAA BAA BLACK SHEEP Moderato 2 2 V 0 1 1 0 2 V 102. ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS QUIZ - THIS OLD MAN Moderato American Folk Song28 Time Signature 3 = 3 beats per measure Conducting 3 Practice conducting (Meter) 4 = or gets one beat this three-beat pattern. 2 Dotted Half Note 3 Beats = Dot of Sound 1 & 2 & 3 & A dot adds half the 2 beats + 1 beat = 3 beats value of the note. 103. RHYTHM RAP Shadow bow and count before playing. y V Count: 1 & 2 & 3 & 1 & 2 & 3 1 & 2 & 3 & 1 & 2 & 3 & 104. COUNTING THREES Slow Slow Bow Bow 105. D MAJOR SCALE IN THREES -2 -4 III I New Position - (Second and a half position - first finger on B.) 106. FRENCH FOLK SONG Moderato 4 2 y 4 -1 -2 French Folk Song III I 0 4 V 1 0 1 -4 V 2 -4 0 4 0 V III I 107. ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS QUIZ - SAILOR'S SONG Allegro English Sea Song Write in the correct time signature before you begin. y yA tie is a curved line that connects notes of the same pitch. Tie = 2 beats Play a single note for the combined counts of the tied notes. 108. FIT TO BE TIED A slur is a curved line that connects two or more different pitches. Slur Play slurred notes together in the same bow stroke. 109. STOP AND GO 110. SLURRING ALONG V y 111. SMOOTH SAILING -2 4 112. D MAJOR SLURS III 113. CROSSING STRINGS 4 1 0 0 V 0 0 114. GLIDING BOWS 4 0 0 V 0 0 0 115. UPSIDE DOWN 0 0 V 1 y 4 V30 Upbeat A note (or notes) that appears before the first full measure is called an upbeat (or pickup). The remaining beats are found in the last measure. 116. SONG FOR MARIA Andante V Upbeat Where is beat 4? Latin American music combines the folk music from South and Central America, the Caribbean Islands, African, Spanish, and Portuguese cultures. Melodies often feature a lively accompaniment by drums, maracas, and claves. Latin American styles have become part of jazz, classical, and rock music. Play until you see the D.C. al Fine. Then go back to the beginning and play until you see Fine D.C. al Fine D.C. is the abbreviation for Da Capo, the Italian term for "return to the beginning." Fine is the Italian word for "the finish." 117. BANANA BOAT SONG Moderato 4 Caribbean Folk Song 2 Fine III I D.C. al Fine 118. FIROLIRALERA - Orchestra Arrangement Mexican Folk Song Arr. John Higgins Allegro A Upbeats B Upbeats A V V B 7 Tie A y BSKILL BUILDERS - G Major 119. 2 2 4 0 120. 121. V 122. 123. Slur three 124. Far Eastern music comes from Malaysia, Indonesia, China and other areas. Historians believe the first orchestras, known as gamelans, existed in this region as early as the 1st century B.C. Today's gamelans include rebabs (spiked fiddles), gongs, xylophones, and a wide variety of percussion instruments. 125. JINGLI NONA Allegro Far Eastern Folk Song 1. 2. Where is beat 4? A32 SECOND FINGER ON THE D STRING E A D G 1 E F is played with 2 2 fingers on F the D string. 4 Listening Skills Play what your teacher plays. Listen carefully. Natural A natural sign cancels a flat (b) or sharp (#) and remains in effect for the entire measure. 126. LET'S READ "F" (F-natural) 2 1 2 Half Step A half step is the smallest distance between two notes. Whole Step A whole step is two half steps combined. 127. HALF-STEPPIN' AND WHOLE STEPPIN' 0 1/2 step 1/2 step 0 Whole step Whole step 4 2 128. SPY GUY 0 4 2 4 0 0 4 2 4 0 129. MINOR DETAILS 2 2 2 :NATURAL IN THIRD POSITION G D A E 1 2 C 3 4 is played with 1 finger on the 1 G string in third position (III). III Listening Skills Play what your teacher plays. Listen carefully. 130. LET'S READ "C" (C-natural) 1 y III 131. HALF STEP AND WHOLE STEP REVIEW 4 1/2 step 1/2 step 4 Whole step Whole step 2 1 III Chromatics Chromatic notes are altered with sharps, flats, and naturals. A chromatic pattern is two or more notes in a sequence of half steps. 132. CHROMATIC MOVES 4 2 1 2 4 0 III 4 2 1 2 4 -1 0 III 133. THE STETSON SPECIAL 0 4 1 -1 4 1 4 III III I 134. BLUEBIRD'S SONG Texas Folk Song Allegro 2 0 0 2 1 0 234 Key Signature New Position - II All notes are naturals. C MAJOR (Second finger on B, fourth finger on C.) 135. C MAJOR SCALE - Round 2 1/2 1/2 1 2 1/2 step 0 1 2 1 -2 4 0 II 1/2 2 0 2 0 I Duet A composition with two different parts, played together. 136. SPLIT DECISION - Duet -2 4 A II -2 4 B II 137. OAK HOLLOW Moderato 6 : 4 -4 II I 138. A-TISKET, A-TASKET Allegro 1. 2. In the second half of the 1800s many composers tried to express the spirit of their own country by writing music with a distinct national flavor. Listen to the music of Russian composers such as Borodin, Tchaikovsky, and Rimsky-Korsakov. They often used folk songs and dance rhythms to convey their nationalism. Describe the sounds you hear. 139. ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS QUIZ - RUSSIAN FOLK TUNE Andante 4 -2 4 Russian Folk Song 0 IIThis page mixes finger patterns. (For violins, violas, and cellos.) 140. BINGO 18th Century English Game Song Allegro 4 II I Where is beat 2? English composer Thomas Tallis (1505-1585) served as royal court composer during the reigns of Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary, and Elizabeth Composers and artists during this era wanted to recreate the artistic and scientific glories of ancient Greece and Rome. The great artist Michelangelo painted the Sistine Chapel during Tallis' lifetime. Rounds and canons were popular forms of music during the early 16th century. Divide into groups, and play or sing the Tallis Canon as a 4-part round. 141. TALLIS CANON - Round Thomas Tallis Moderato 4 4 -4 1 V 2 3 2 II I III I Theme and Variations Theme and Variations is a musical form where a theme, or melody, is followed by different versions of the same theme. 142. VARIATIONS ON A FAMILIAR SONG Moderato -1 -4 -4 -4 4 -4 III I III I III Variation 1 4 -4 1 y -4 0 4 I III I 1 -4 -4 1 -4 4 -4 1 0 III I III I Variation 2 - make up your own variation 143. ESSENTIAL CREATIVITY - THE BIRTHDAY SONG -4 2 Moderato -4 -4 0 -1 III I II I Now play the line again and create your own rhythm.36 Special Double Bass Exercise Write the note names below. Then, write stories using as many note names as possible. Share your work with orchestra friends. Note Names: Great musicians give encouragement to their fellow performers. Viola and cello players will now learn Team Work new challenging notes. The success of your orchestra depends on everyone's talent and patience. Play your best as these sections advance their musical technique. Listening Skills Play what your teacher plays. Listen carefully. 144. LET'S READ "C" Review V 145. LET'S READ "F" - Review V 6 : 146. LET'S READ "E" Review 6 147. LET'S READ "D" - Review 148. SIDE BY SIDE Name the notes before you play. 149. C MAJOR SCALE 4 2 -1 II IIWhole Note Whole Rest Whole Rest Half Rest A Whole Measure = 4 Beats = of Silent Beats 1 hangs from sits on a a staff line. staff line. 150. RHYTHM RAP Shadow bow and count before playing. y Count: 1 2 & & & 4 & 4 & 151. SLOW BOWS y Slow Slow Slow Bow Bow Bow 152. LONG, LONG AGO Moderato T.H.Baily y V y V V Arpeggio An arpeggio is a chord whose pitches are played one at a time. Your first arpeggio uses the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 8th steps from the C major scale. 153. C MAJOR SCALE AND ARPEGGIO Arpeggio 4 V V 0 V II I II I 154. LISTEN TO OUR SECTIONS Violin Viola Cello Bass Vla. Vcl. Bs. All 155. MONDAY'S MELODY Traditional Folk Song Moderato 4 4 -2 1 1 III III I D.C. al Fine Fine 4 4 4 4 III38 E STRING NOTES EADG F# 1 F# is played with 1 finger on 2 the E string. 3 4 Listening Skills Play what your teacher plays. Listen carefully. 156. LET'S READ "E" 0 157. LET'S READ "A" - Review 0 158. LET'S READ "G" - Review 2 V 159. LET'S READ "F#" (F-sharp) y 2 0 1 2 160. MOVING ALONG Name the notes before you play. 0 2 0 161. G MAJOR SCALE 2 1 2 0 4162. SHEPHERD'S HEY Moderato English Folk Song 163. BIG ROCK CANDY MOUNTAIN American Folk Song Allegro 1. 2. V Listening Skills Play what your teacher plays. Listen carefully. 164. LET'S READ "B" - Review 165. ICE SKATING Moderato V 166. ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS QUIZ - ACADEMIC FESTIVAL OVERTURE THEME Moderato Johannes Brahms V40 Staccato notes are marked with a dot above or below the note. A staccato note is played with Staccato or a stopped bow stroke. Listen for a space between staccato notes. 167. PLAY STACCATO III 168. ARKANSAS TRAVELER Allegro Southern American Folk Song V -4 4 2 III I SKILL BUILDERS G Major 169. 170. 171. 172. 173.Hooked bowing is two or more notes played in the same direction with Hooked Bowing a stop between each note. -2 4 V 174. HOOKED ON D MAJOR V V V III V -4 V V V I 175. WALTZING BOWS 4 -4 V III I 176. POP GOES THE WEASEL Allegro American Folk Song V V V V V SKILL BUILDERS C Major 177. 2 4 -2 2 0 2 0 II 178. -4 II 179. 4 2 -2 4 II I II I 180. 4 0 -4 II II I42 Dynamics Dynamics tell us what volume to play or sing. f (forte) Play loudly. Add more weight to the bow. P (piano) Play softly. Remove weight from the bow. 181. FORTE AND PIANO P 182. SURPRISE SYMPHONY THEME Andante 5 Franz Josef Haydn P 9 2 2 y 4 P 13 y SKILL BUILDERS - Scales and Arpeggios Add your own dynamics to any of the lines below. 4 183. D MAJOR 2 -4 III I III I 184. G MAJOR 185. G MAJOR (Upper Octave - violin) 186. C MAJOR 4 V 0 II I II I 187. C MAJOR (Lower Octave - viola and cello) 4 -4 -2 -4 II IIPERFORMANCE SPOTLIGHT 188. CRIPPLE CREEK - Orchestra Arrangement (A = Melody and B = Harmony) Allegro American Folk Song -4 -4 Arr. Michael Allen V A f III I III I y V B A B Africa is a large continent made up of many nations, and African folk music is as diverse as its many cultures. This folk song is from Kenya. The words describe warriors as they prepare for battle. Listen to examples of African folk music and describe the sound. 189. TEKELE LOMERIA - Orchestra Arrangement Moderato Kenyan Warrior Song 4 Arr. John Higgins 0 4 4 1 -2 A f I III I III : B f 2 6 A f P 6 B P44 PERFORMANCE SPOTLIGHT Italian composer Gioachino Rossini (1792-1868) wrote some of the world's favorite operas. "William Rossini's last opera, and its popular theme is still heard on television. 190. WILLIAM TELL OVERTURE Orchestra Arrangement Gioachino Rossini Allegro Arr. John Higgins V A P V y B 4 Fine -4 9 A III I B D.C. al Fine A B 191. ROCKIN' STRINGS Orchestra Arrangement Moderato John Higgins 4 -2 4 4 A II I II II I B 1. 2. 4 2 A II I BPERFORMANCE SPOTLIGHT 192. SIMPLE GIFTS - Orchestra Arrangement Shaker Folk Song Arr. John Higgins Andante A B A -4 B I III 10 V A B A V B 19 A -4 2 y B I P A B46 PERFORMANCE SPOTLIGHT A solo is a composition written for one player, often with piano accompaniment. This solo was Solo with Piano written by Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750) You and a piano accompanist can perform for Accompaniment the orchestra, your school, your family, and at other occasions. When you have learned the piece well, try memorizing it. Performing for an audience is an exciting part of being involved in music. 193. MARCH IN D - Solo Johann Sebastian Bach Moderato Arr. John Higgins V 9 4 V f I III y 17 -4 4 I y y P Piano Accompaniment Moderato P 9 17Improvisation Improvisation is the art of freely creating your own music as you play. 194. RHYTHM JAM Using the following notes, improvise your own rhythms. 195. INSTANT MELODY Using the following notes, improvise your own melody (Line A), to go with the (Line B). A B DOUBLE BASS FINGERING CHART E STRING A STRING D STRING G STRING 0 0 0 0 : E A D G 1 1 1 to F# B E A 2 2 2 G C F 4 4 4 II 2 1 C# F# B 1 1 2 G C III III 2 4 C# 4 4 Note: Fingerings for first position are given inside circles. A D48 REFERENCE INDEX Definitions (pg.) Allegro 20 Repeat Sign 5 World Music Alto Clef 5 (viola) Repeat Signs (enclosed) 22 AFRICAN Andante 20 Round 24 Tekele Lomeria 43 Arco 16 Scale 11 AMERICAN Arpeggio 37 Shadow Bowing 13 Arkansas Traveler 40 Bar Lines 4 Sharp 6 Big Rock Candy Mountain 39 Bass Clef 5 (cello & bass) Slur 29 Bile 'Em Cabbage Down 24 Beat 4 Solo 46 Bluebird's Song 33 Cripple Creek 43 Bow Lift 17 Staccato 40 Grandparents Day 22 Chord 24 Tempo Markings 20 Michael Row The Boat Ashore 22 Chromatics 33 Theme And Variations 35 Old MacDonald Had A Farm 14 Common Time 27 Tie 29 Monday's Melody 37 Counting 5 Time Signature 5 Pop Goes The Weasel 41 Skip To My Lou 35 D.C. al Fine 30 Treble Clef 5 (violin) Simple Gifts 45 Dotted Half Note 28 Up Bow 13 This Old Man 27 Double Bar 5 Upbeat 30 CARIBBEAN Down Bow 13 Whole Note 37 Banana Boat Song 30 Duet 34 Whole Rest 37 ENGLISH Dynamics 42 Whole Step 32 Bingo 35 Eighth Notes 20 English Round 25 st & 2nd Endings 21 Sailor's Song 28 Composers Forte (f) 42 Shepherd's Hey 39 Half Note 22 JOHANN SEBASTIAN BACH FAR EASTERN March in D 46 Half Rest 22 Jingli Nona 31 Half Step 32 LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN FRENCH Harmony 24 Ode To Joy (from Sym. No. 9) 23 At Pierrot's Door 22 Hooked Bowing 41 JOHANNES BRAHMS Au Claire De La Lune 20 Improvisation 47 Academic Festival Overture Theme 39 French Folk Song 28 Frére Jacques 24 Key Signature 15 FRANZ JOSEF HAYDN Ledger Lines 10 MEXICAN Surprise Symphony Theme 42 Measures 4 Firoliralera 30 WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART Measure Number 24 RUSSIAN A Mozart Melody 15 Moderato 20 Russian Folk Song 34 Music Staff 4 JACQUES OFFENBACH SLAVIC Natural 32 Can-Can From "Orpheus And The Morning Dance 8 Underworld" 25 Piano 42 WELSH Pickup 30 GIOACHINO ROSSINI Good King Wenceslas 9 Pizzicato (pizz.) 4 William Tell Overture 44 TRADITIONAL HOLIDAY MUSIC Quarter Note 4 THOMAS TALLIS Dreidel 13 Quarter Rest 4 Tallis Canon 35 Jingle Bells 14