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T R A T A D O S I N T E R N A C IO N A IS ��� ��G F;= ALG ��� �D9 KKA >A; 9YX G ��� �.= IMA KALG K�< =�N 9DA< 9<= ��� �!> =ALG K ��� .9 LA>A ;9Y XG� ��< =KX G ��� �,J GE MD? 9YX G ��� �.= ?AK LJG �=�H M:D A;9 YXG ��� ��H DA;9 :AD A<9 <=� =�AF L=J HJ= L9Y XG� <GK �LJ9 L9< GK ��� �2A ?\F ;A9 �;G FL= EH GJW F=9 �=�< A>= JA< 9 ��� ��% F;G JHG J9Y XG� 9G� <AJ =ALG �AF L=J FG ��� ��� GF> DALG �=F LJ= �LJ9 L9< G�= �FG JE 9�< =�< AJ= ALG �AF L=J FG ��� ��� GFN =FY XG� �E =JA ;9F 9�< =� AJ= ALG K�$ ME 9FG Kx HJA KXG �;AN AD�< G�< =HG KALU JAG �AF >A= D ��� ��� GFN =FY XG� KG: J=� GK� �K H=; LGK ��A NAK �<G �/= IM= KLJG �%F L=J F9; AGF 9D�< =�� JA9 FY9 K 3. P E R S O N A L ID A D E I N T E R N A C IO N A L . E S T A D O ��� �"G JE 9YX G�< G�! KL9 <G ��� ���� D9K KA>A ;9Y XG ��� ���. =;G F@= ;AE =FL G�< =�! KL9 <G ��� ���. =;G F@= ;AE =FL G�< =�? GN= JFG ��� ���! PLA FYX G ��� ���/ M;= KKX G ��� �%E MFA <9< =�V �BM JAK< AYX G�= KL9 L9D ��� �wJ ?XG K�< G�! KL9 <G� F9K �J= D9Y a=K �AF L=J F9; AGF 9AK ��� ���� @=> =K� <=� !KL 9<G ��� ���) AFA KLJG �<9 K�. =D9 Ya= K�! PL= JAG J=K ��� ���� ?=F L=K �<A HDG EU LA;G K ��� ���� ?=F L=K �;G FKM D9J =K 4. P E R S O N A L ID A D E I N T E R N A C IO N A L . O R G A N IZ A Í E S I N T E R N A C IO N A IS ��� ��G F;= ALG ��� �!D =E =FL GK� ;9J 9;L =JA R9< GJ= K�< 9K� GJ? 9FA R9Y a=K 5. P E R S O N A L ID A D E I N T E R N A C IO N A L . C O L E T IV ID A D E S N Ì O E S T A T A IS ��� ��= DA? =J9 FL= K ��� �%F KMJ ?=F L=K ��� �/9 FL9 �/Z ��� �0= JJAL _JA GK� KG: �LM L=D9 �AF L=J F9; AGF 9D ��� ��� /G :=J 9F9 �+J <=E �<= �) 9DL9 ��� ��J MR� 2= JE =D@ 9�% FL= JF9 ;AG F9D ��� �0= JJAL _JA GK� AFL =JF 9;A GF9 DAR9 <GK ��� �/G ;A= <9< =K� ;GE =J; A9AK 6. P E R S O N A L ID A D E I N T E R N A C IO N A L . P O P U L A Ì O � �� � � ��� ��G FKA <=J 9Ya =K� AFA ;A9 AK ��� �*9 ;AG F9D A<9 <= ��� �*G JE 9K ��� �!K L9LM LG� <9� %?M 9D< 9<= �l�= IMA H9J 9YX G�� = ;K� �F�� ��� ��� �=�� ��� ��� 7. P E R S O N A L ID A D E I N T E R N A C IO N A L . E S T R A N G E IR O S ��� �G FKA <=J 9Ya =K� AFA ;A9 AK ��� �2A KLG K ��� � = HGJ L9Y XG ��� �!P HMD KXG ��� �!P LJ9 <AY XG ��� ��K ADG �HG D]LA ;G ��� ���! PLJ 9<A YXG x �9 KG� �= K9J =�� 9LLA KLA 8. P E R S O N A L ID A D E I N T E R N A C IO N A L . P E S S O A J U R êD IC A ��� �,= KKG 9�BM J]< A;9 ��* 9;A GF9 DA< 9<= ��0 =GJ A9K 9. P R O T E Ì O I N T E R N A C IO N A L D O S D IR E IT O S H U M A N O S ��� = ;D9 J9Y XG� 1F AN= JK9 D�< GK� AJ =ALG K�$ ME 9FG K 10 . C O N F L IT O S I N T E R N A C IO N A IS ��� ��) =AG K�< =�K GDM YXG ��< AHD GE ULA; GK �HG D]LA ;GK �BM JAK< A;AG F9A K�= �;G =J; ALAN GK ��� ��) =AG K�< AHD GE ULA; GK ��� ��) =AG K�H GD] LA;G K ��� ��) =AG K�BM JAK< A;AG F9A K ��� ��) =AG K�; G=J ;ALA NGK ��� ��# M=J J9 ��� �� GJL =K� AFL =JF 9;A GF9 AK 11 . D IR E IT O C O M U N IT ç R IO ��� ��" GJE 9K� <=� AFL =?J 9YX G ��� ��1 FAX G�! MJG H=A 9 � �� � � ��� ��) =J; 9<G ��G EM E� <G� /M D��) =J; GKM D� ��� ��� ��9 J9; L=J ]KLA ;9K ��! D=E =FL GK� AFK LALM ;AG F9A K 12 . D O M êN IO P ò B L IC O I N T E R N A C IO N A L ��� ��u ?M9 K�AF L=J AGJ =K ��� ��) 9J� L=J JALG JA9 D ��� ��6 GF9 �;G FL] ?M9 ��� ��6 GF9 �=; GF` EA ;9� =P; DMK AN9 ��� ��, D9L9 >GJ E9 �;G FLA F=F L9D ��� ��� DLG �E 9J ��� ��. AGK �AF L=J F9; AGF 9AK ��� ��! KH9 YG� 9ZJ =G ��� ��� �,J AF; ]HA GK� =D= E= FL9 J=K ��� ��� �*9 ;AG F9D A<9 <=� <9K �9= JGF 9N= K ��� ��� �!K H9Y G�= PLJ 9�9 LE GK> ZJA ;G ��� ��, GDG �*G JL= �=�� FLU JLA; 9 ��� ��� �,G DG� *G JL= ��� ��� ��F LUJ LA;9 13 . R E S P O N S A B IL ID A D E I N T E R N A C IO N A L ��� ��� GFK A<= J9Y a=K �AF A;A9 AK ��� ��� LG� AD]; ALG ��%E HML 9:A DA< 9<= �� 9FG 14 . T R IB U N A L P E N A L I N T E R N A C IO N A L ��� ��� GFK A<= J9Y a=K �AF A;A9 AK ��� ��� �!P LJ9 <AY XG x =FL J=? 9 P ar te II Ð D IR E IT O IN T E R N A C IO N A L P R IV A D O 1. D IR E IT O I N T E R N A C IO N A L P R IV A D O B R A S IL E IR O ��� �"G FL= K � � �� ��� ���0 J9L 9<G ��� ���� GKL ME = ��� ���, JAF ;]H AGK �?= J9A K�< =�< AJ= ALG��� ���& MJA KHJ M<\ F;A 9 ��� ��� GML JAF 9 ��� ���� LGK �MF AD9L =J9 AK ��� ��� =;A Ka= K�< 9K� GJ? 9FA R9Y a=K �AF L=J F9; AGF 9AK ��� ���� F9D G?A 9 ��� ���! IMA <9< = ��� ��G F>D ALG �<= �D=A K�F G�= KH9 YG ��� �*G JE 9K� AF< AJ= L9K ��! D=E =FL G�< =�; GF= PXG ��� �-M 9DA> A;9 YXG �HJ ZNA 9 ��� �.= =FN AG ��� � A J=A LG� =KL J9F ?=A JG� �%F L=J HJ= L9Y XG� ��H DA;9 YXG ��! P;= Ya= K�V �9H DA;9 YXG ��� ��G FKA <=J 9Ya =K� ?=J 9AK �KG :J= �9�( =A�< =�% FLJ G<M YXG �VK �*G JE 9K� <G� AJ =ALG ��J 9KA D=AJ G ��� ��� =;J =LG �D= A�F ���� ��� �<= ��� ��� ��� 2. P R O C E S S O I N T E R N A C IO N A L ��� ��G FKA <=J 9Ya =K� AFA ;A9 AK ��� ���� HDA ;9Y XG� <G� <AJ =ALG �=K LJ9 F?= AJG �9G �HJ G;= KKG ��� ��G EH =L\ F;A 9�BM JAK< A;AG F9D �F9 K�J= D9Y a=K �BM J]< A;9 K�; GE �=D= E= FLG �=K LJ9 F?= AJG ��� ��9 JL9 K�JG ?9L _JA 9K ��� �$G EG DG? 9YX G�< =�K =FL =FY 9K� =KL J9F ?=A J9K 3. C O N T R A T O S I N T E R N A C IO N A IS ��� ��G FKA <=J 9Ya =K� AFA ;A9 AK ��� �,J AF; ]HA GK� J=D 9;A GF9 <GK �9G K�; GFL J9L GK� AFL =JF 9;A GF9 AK ��� �.= NAK XG� =�J =K; AKX G�< G�; GFL J9L G�A FL= JF9 ;AG F9D ��� �!D =E =FL GK� <G� ;GF LJ9 LG� AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D � � � � ��� ��G FLJ 9LG K�< =�; GE ZJ; AG� AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D ��� ��G F>D ALG �<= �D=A K 4. M T O D O S D E S O L U Ì O A L T E R N A T IV A D E C O N T R O V R S IA S ��� ��G FKA <=J 9Ya =K� AFA ;A9 AK ��� �,J AF; ]HA GK� <9� 9J: ALJ9 ?=E ��� ��J :AL J9? =E �=�, G<= J�&M <A; AUJ AG ��� �$G EG DG? 9YX G�< 9K� K=F L=F Y9K �9J :AL J9A K�F G�� J9K AD ��� �,J G;= <AE =FL G 5. P R E S T A Ì O D E A L IM E N T O S N O å M B IT O I N T E R N A C IO N A L ��� �,J =KL 9YX G�< =�9 DAE =FL GK� ��G FKA <=J 9Ya =K� AFA ;A9 AK ��� ��G FN= FYX G�< =�* GN9 �5G JC� KG: J=� �G :J9 FY9 �<= ��D AE =FL GK� FG� !KL J9F ?=A JG� � = ;J= LG� (= � ?AK D9LA NG� F��� � � ��� =;J =LG �F�� ��� ��� �� ��* GYa =K� ?=J 9AK � �� � � P ar te I D IR E IT O IN T E R N A C IO N A L P ò B L IC O 1. D IR E IT O IN T E R N A C IO N A L 1. 1 C o n si d er a es in ic ia is AJ =ALG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 DZ G; GFB MFL G< =H JAF ;]H AGK =F GJE 9K HGK ALAN GK =; GK� LME =AJ GK J=H J=K =FL 9LAN GK <GK <AJ =ALG K= <=N =J= K9 HDA ;UN =AK FG WE :AL G< 9K G;A =<9 <= AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D� /=J UH b:D A;G IM9 F<G K= J=> =JA J9 GK <AJ =ALG K= <=N =J= K< GK HJ_ HJA GK !KL 9<G K= E KM9 KJ =D9 Ya= K�= HJA N9< GI M9F <G LJ9 L9J <9 9HD A;9 YXG 9 H9J LA;M D9J =K KMB =ALG K9 <=L =JE � AF9 <G� !KL 9<G �<= �D=A K�; ANA K �; GE =J; A9AK �GM �H= F9A K�= E9 F9< 9K� <=� GML JG� !KL 9<G � 1. 2 F u n d am en to s +K m>M F<9 E= FLG Kn <G <AJ =ALG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 DG :B= LAN 9E BMK LA>A ;9J 9K M:E AKK XG <= !KL 9<G K�K G:= J9F GK� 9GK �E 9F< 9E =FL GK� <9K �FG JE 9K� AFL =JF 9;A GF9 AK� $U �<M 9K� L=G JA9 K�9 �=K K=� J=K H=A LG� �NG DMF L9J AKL9 K�= �G: B=LA NAK L9K � �K L=G JA9 Kv o lu n ta ri st a s 9KK =N= J9E IM= G< AJ= ALG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 DL= E HGJ 9DA; =J; = 9�E 9FA >=K L9Y XG� NGD ALAN 9�< GK� !KL 9<G K� 1 ) T eo ri a d a a u to li m it a o : GK !KL 9<G KK G:= J9F GK KM: E= L=E �K= 9G <AJ =ALG <9K ?=F L=K �=E �J9 RXG �<= �9M LGD AE AL9Y XG� NGD MFL UJA 9� 2 ) T eo ri a d a v o n ta d e co le ti v a : G< AJ= ALG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 DJ= KMD L9 <9 E9 FA> =KL 9YX G ;GD =LAN 9�< GK� !KL 9<G K�K G:= J9F GK� >9N GJU N=A K�V �KM 9�> GJE 9YX G� 3 ) T eo ri a d a d el eg a o d o d ir ei to in te rn o : 9G :JA ?9L GJA =<9 <= <G <AJ =ALG AFL =J� F9; AGF 9D L=E GJA ?=E F9 (= A) 9AG J< =; 9<9 ME <GK !KL 9<G KK G:= J9F GK� T= FL= F<A <9 ;GE G�M E� J=> D=P G�< 9�L= GJA 9�< 9�9 MLG DAE AL9Y XG� 4 ) T eo ri a d o co n se n ti m en to d a s n a es : 9N GFL 9<= E9 BGJ ALUJ A9< GK !KL 9<G KAF � <AN A<M 9DE =FL =; GFK A<= J9< GK D=? ALAE 9= >MF <9E =FL 9G <AJ =ALG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D�" JAK= �K= IM= �9�L =GJ A9�< 9�N GFL 9<= �;G D=LA N9� ;GF KA< =J9 �9�A FL= FYX G�< GK� !KL 9<G K�; GFB MFL 9E =FL =� O b je o l�G �<A J=A LG� AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D�KM B=AL 9�K =�9 G�9 DN= <JA G�< GK� !KL 9<G K� +K o b je ti v is ta s <=> =F< =E 9G :JA ?9L GJA =<9 <= <G <AJ =ALG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D ; GE :9K = =E K=M KH J_H JAG KH JAF ;]H AGK ; GKL ME =K =F GJE 9K GK IM9 AKH J=> =J= E 9G GJ< =F9 E= FLG BMJ ]<A ;G� =�V �E 9FA >=K L9Y XG� <=� NGF L9< =�< GK� !KL 9<G K �= E� ;GF BMF LG� GM� K=H 9J9 <9E =FL =� $U ���< =K< G:J 9E =FL GK� G:B =LAN AKL9 K� 1 ) T eo ri a d a n o rm a fu n d a m en ta l, n o rm a -b a se o u o b je ti v is m o l g ic o : 9N 9D� A<9 <= <9 FGJ E9 BMJ ]<A ;9 =KL U; GF< A;AG F9< 99 GJ =KH =ALG V@ A=J 9JI MA9 FGJ E9 LAN 9; GF� KL9 FL= <9 L=G JA9 <9 HAJ WE A<= <= '= DK= F� � NGF L9< =< GK !KL 9<G KK G:= J9F GK FXG <=N = K=J �;G FKA <=J 9<9 � 2 ) T eo ri a s so ci o l g ic a s: G <AJ =ALG HJG NZE <AJ =L9 E= FL= <GK >9L GK KG; A9AK = >MF <9E =FL 9�K =�F G�H JAF ;]H AG� <9� KGD A<9 JA= <9< =�AF L=J F9; AGF 9D� 3 ) T eo ri a d o d ir ei to n a tu ra l: G< AJ= ALG F9L MJ9 D K MH= JAG J= 9H9 JL9 <G <9K FGJ E9 K =KL 9L9 AK � >MF <9E =FL 9�G �<A J=A LG� AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D� 4 ) T eo ri a d o s d ir ei to s fu n d a m en ta is d o s E st a d o s: 9= PAK L\F ;A9 <GK !KL 9<G K AE HDA ;9 9 9IM AKAYXG <GK <AJ =ALG K >MF <9E =FL 9AK G K IM9 AK =E :9K 9E G <AJ =ALG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D� 5 ) T eo ri a d a n o rm a p a ct a su n t se rv a n d a : G< AJ= ALG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D>M F<9 E= FL9 KM9 �G: JA? 9LG JA= <9< =�F 9�9 <GY XG� <9� FGJ E9 p a ct a !s u n t! se rv a n d a � 1. 3 F o n te s /XG >GF L=K <= <AJ =ALG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D�9 JL� �� <G !KL 9LM LG <9 �G JL= %FL =JF 9;A GF9 D <=� &MK LAY9 �� ¥ 9K� ;GF N=F Ya= K�AF L=J F9; AGF 9AK � ¥ G�; GKL ME =�AF L=J F9; AGF 9D� ¥ GK� HJA F;] HAG K�? =J9 AK�< G�< AJ= ALG � � � � � ¥ 9K <=; AKa =K BM< A;AU JA9 K= 9< GML JAF 9 ;GE GE =AG 9MP ADA9 JH 9J9 9< =L= JE AF9 YXG <9K �J= ?J9 K�< =� AJ= ALG � 0J9 L9< GK ;GK LME =K =H JAF ;]H AGK ?=J 9AK <G <AJ =ALG KXG >GF L=K >GJ E9 AK9 HDA ;UN =AK 9GK �;G F>D ALG K�AF L=J F9; AGF 9AK � +K a to s u n il a te ra is 9 LGK BMJ ]<A ;GK <= ;MF @G AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D HJG N=F A=F L=K <9 E9 FA> =KL 9YX GN GDA LAN 9< =M E bFA ;G KMB =ALG <= <AJ =ALG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D= 9HL GK VH JG< MYX G <= =>= ALG KBM J]< A;G K = E: GJ9 FXG ;GF KL= E <G JGD <G 9JL �� � KXG ;GF KA< =J9 <GK >GF L=< G <AJ =ALG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D�� D9K KA>A ;9E �K= =E LU; ALG K= =PH J=K KGK K G: 9> GJE 9= K;J AL9 GM N=J :9D � �K d ec is es d a s o rg a n iz a es in te rn a ci o n a is �J= KGD MYa =K J=; GE =F< 9Ya =K <AJ =LJ AR= K < =;D 9J9 Ya= K� KXG L9E :ZE 9HG FL9 <9K ;GE G> GFL =< =< AJ= ALG <9K ?=F L=K KG : 9�> GJE 9�< =�9 LG� MFA D9L= J9D � 1. 4 P ri n c p io s ��� HJA F;] HAG �<9 �FX G�9 ?J= KKX G� �� HJA F;] HAG �<9 �KG DMY XG� H9; ]>A; 9�< GK� DAL] ?AG K�= FLJ =�! KL9 <GK � ��� HJA F;] HAG �<9 �9M LG< =L= JE AF9 YXG �<G K�H GNG K� �� HJA F;] HAG �<9 �HJ GA: AYX G�< 9�H JGH 9?9 F<9 �<= �?M =JJ 9� ��� HJA F;] HAG �<G �MK G�G M�9 E= 9Y9 �<= �>G JY9 � �� HJA F;] HAG �<9 �:G 9�> Z�F G�; ME HJA E= FLG �<9 K�G :JA ?9Y a=K �AF L=J F9; AGF 9AK � ��� HJA F;] HAG �<9 �FX G�A FL= JN= FYX G�F GK� 9KK MFL GK� AFL =JF GK� <GK �!K L9< GK� ��� HJA F;] HAG �<9 �A? M9D <9< =�K G:= J9F 9�< GK� !KL 9<G K� ��� HJA F;] HAG �<G �<= N=J �<= �;G GH= J9Y XG� AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D� ��� �HJ AF; ]HA G�< Gp a ct a !s u n t! se rv a n d a � D ir ei to in te rn a ci o n a l (D I) e d ir ei to in te rn o : <M9 K; GJJ =FL =K <GM LJAF UJA 9K K= >GJ E9 J9E ;GE G= K;G HG <= <=> AFA J9 HJ= <GE AFW F;A 9< G< AJ= ALG AFL =JF GG M< G< AJ= ALG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 DF 9K GDM YXG <= ;GF LJG NZJ KA9 K�L =GJ A9 EG FAK L9 �E GFA KE G� =L =GJ A9 <M9 DAKL 9 �<M 9DAK EG �� + m o n is m o 9>A JE 99 MFA ;A< 9<= <G KAK L=E 9B MJ] <A; G� AJ =ALG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D= <AJ =ALG AFL =JF GK XG �J 9E GK <= ME E= KE GK AKL= E9 = E9 F9E <= ME 9K _> GFL =� + <AJ =ALG �Z�M E� K_ �;G E� <A> =J= FL= K�H JAE 9RA 9K� ¥ M o n is m o co m p ri m a zi a n o d ir ei to in te rn o (n a ci o n a li st a ): F=? 9G % H GAK H9J 9�= D9 � K=E HJ= �HJ =N9 D=; =JU �G <AJ =ALG �AF L=J FG� � �� � � ¥ M o n is m o co m p ri m a zi a n o d ir ei to in te rn a ci o n a l (e x tr em a d o ): G %Z ;GD G� ;9< G= E HGK AYX G< =K MH= JAG JA< 9<= KM :GJ <AF 9F< G�K =9 =D= G< AJ= ALG AFL =JF G� �K KAE =E ;9K G�< =�; GF> DALG �HJ =N9 D=; =JU �G� %� ¥ M o n is m o co m p ri m a zi a n o d ir ei to in te rn a ci o n a l (m o d er a d o ): =KL 9:= D=; = L9E :ZE 9H J=N 9D\ F;A 9< G %�L G<9 NA9 9< EA L= =P; =Ya =K IM9 F<G K= LJ9 L9J <= <=L =JE AF� 9<9 E9 LZJ A9 ;9K G= E IM= HJ= N9D =;= JU G< AJ= ALG AFL =JF G L9D ;GE GG ;GJ J= IM9 F<G K= LJ9 L9�< 9K� FGJ E9 K�; GFK L9F L=K �<= ��G FKL ALM AYa =K� "=< =J9 AK� ,9J 9G d u a li sm o G <AJ =ALG AFL =JF G= G< AJ= ALG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 DKX GK AKL= E9 K< AKLA F� LGK =AF <=H =F< =FL =K ;GE <A> =J= FL= KU J=9 K< =9 LM9 YXG �* XG K= ;GF >MF <=E K= F<G LJ9 L9� <GK �;G EG �GJ <=F K�< AKLA FL9 K�= �AF ;GE MFA ;UN =AK � !KK 9; GF; =HY XG ;GF <MR V< =FG EA F9< 9m te o ri a d a in co rp o ra o n AKLG Z H9J 9 IM= ME 9F GJE 9A FL= JF9 ;AG F9D K=B 99 HDA ;9< 9F GW E: ALG AFL =JF G< G! KL9 <G ZH J=; AKG IM= =KL => 9Y9 HJA E= AJG 9K M9 mLJ 9FK >GJ E9 YXG n= E <AJ =ALG AFL =JF G AF; GJH GJ9 F<G �9 9G K=M �KAK L=E 9�BM J]< A;G � � �G FKL ALM AYX GH JG; D9E 9 =E K=M 9JL �� h e �h 9DL= J9< GH =D9 !� F� �� ��� � 9 L=G JA9 <9 AF; GJH GJ9 YXG =E J=D 9YX G9 GK <AJ =ALG K@ ME 9FG K = E =KH =;A 9D 9G <=L =JE AF9 J IM= GK LJ9 L9< GK =; GFN =FY a=K AFL =JF 9;A GF9 AK KG: J= <AJ =ALG K@ ME 9FG KI M= >GJ =E 9HJ GN9 <GK =E ;9< 9� 9K9 <G �G F?J =KK G* 9;A GF9 D = E �L MJF GK HGJ � � <GK NGL GK <GK J=K H=; LAN GK� E= E: JGK �K= JXG �=I MAN 9D= FL= K�V K�= E= F<9 K�; GFK LALM ;AG F9A K� 2. T R A T A D O S IN T E R N A C IO N A IS 2. 1 C o n ce it o 0J9 L9< GZ G9 ;GJ <G AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D; =D= :J9 <G HGJ =K; JALG =FL J= �G ME 9AK !KL 9<G K GM GML JGK KMB =ALG K< =< AJ= ALG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D K G: 9Z ?A< =< G< AJ= ALG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D A F<= � H=F <=F L=E =FL =�< =�K M9� <=K A?F 9YX G�= KH= ;]> A;9 � 2. 2 C la ss if ic a o � �� � � � ;D9 KKA >A; 9YX GE 9AK MKM 9D 9;= J;9 <GK LJ9 L9< GK MLA DAR9 �; JALZ JAG K�G >GJ E9 D= G E9 L=J A9D� + ;JA LZJ AG fo rm a l LJ9 L9< 9; D9K KA>A ;9Y XG q u a n to a o n m er o d e p a rt es �:A D9L= J9D =E MDL AD9L =J9 DG M; GD= LANG� = q u a n to a o p ro ce d im en to �KG D=F =K GM =E <=N A<9 >GJ E9 GM� 9;G J<G K�< =�> GJE 9�K AE HDA >A; 9<9 �� � H9J LA;A H9Y XG <= GJ? 9FA R9Y XG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D > GJE 9<9 HGJ <AN =JK GK !KL 9<G K Z KAF ?MD 9J� �9 <9 GJ? 9FA R9Y XG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D AF< =H= F<= FL= E= FL= <= KM9 ;GF KLAL MAY XG ;GJ J=K HGF <=� 9�M E9 �H= KKG 9�BM J]< A;9 �<= �<A J=A LG� <9K �?= FL= K� -M 9FL GV m a t ri a , GK LJ9 L9< GK ;D9 KKA >A; 9E �K= =E �tr a ta d o s co n tr a tu a is �tr a ta - d o s n o rm a ti v o s GM tr a ta d o s- le is ��= tr a ta d o s- co n st it u i o . 2. 3 R eq u is it o s d e va lid ad e 1 ) C a p a ci d a d e d a s p a rt es : LG< G! KL9 <G :=E ;GE G9 KG J?9 FAR 9Ya =K AFL =J� F9; AGF 9AK G K: =DA? =J9 FL= K G KAF KMJ ?=F L=K 9 /9F L9/ Z= GK L=J JAL_ JAG KAF L=J F9; AGF 9DAR 9� <GK �L\E �;9 H9; A<9 <=� H9J 9�; =D= :J9 J�LJ 9L9 <GK � -M 9FL G9 GK !KL 9<G KK G:= J9F GK =KK 9; 9H9 ;A< 9<= ZA DAE AL9< 9� AN =JK 9E =FL = GK !KL 9<G KK =E AKK G:= J9F GK <=H =F< =E <9 9FM \F; A9 <GK !KL 9<G KH JGL =LG J=K �� KG J?9 FAR 9� Ya= K�AF L=J F9; AGF 9AK �<= N=E �J= KH= AL9J �GK �DAE AL=K �AE HGK LGK �FG �9LG �;G FKL ALM LAN G� 2 ) H a b il it a o d o s a g en te s si g n a t ri o s: 9@ 9:A DAL9 YXG ;GF KAK L=F 9; GF; =KK XG <= HD= FGK HG< =J= K� <G; ME =FL G= PH= <A< GH =D9 9ML GJA <9< =; GE H=L =FL =< =M E !KL 9<G GM H=D G_ J?X G; GE H=L =FL =< =M E9 GJ? 9FA R9Y XG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D= H=D GI M9D KXG <=K A?F 9<9 K ME 9G MN UJA 9K H=K KG9 KH 9J9 J=H J=K =FL 9J G! KL9 <G GM 9G J?9 FAR 9YX GF 9F =?G ;A9 YXG �9 GK J=H J=K =FL 9FL =K <GK =FL =K AFL =JF 9;A GF9 AK� HD= FAH GL= F;A UJA GK l� @=> =K <= !KL 9<G � @=> =K <=� #G N=J FG �) AFA KLJG �<9 K�. =D9 Ya= K�! PL= JAG J=K �=L; ���H 9J9 �F= ?G; A9J �=�; GF; DMA J�LJ 9L9 <GK � 3 ) C o n se n ti m en to m tu o : G; GFK =FL AE =FL GZ 99 IMA =K; \F; A9 <GK KMB =ALG K< = <AJ =ALG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D9 GK L=J EG K9 ;GJ <9< GK <MJ 9FL =9 F=? G;A 9YX G= K= =PH J=K K9 HGJ E= AG� <9� 9KK AF9 LMJ 9�< GK� KA? F9L UJA GK� 4 ) O b je to l ci to e p o ss v el : GG :B= LG ;9H 9R <= N9D A<9 JM E LJ9 L9< G< =N= K=J D];A LG HGK K]N =D EG J9D == KL9 J= E ;GF KGF WF; A9 ;GE 9K FGJ E9 KAE H=J 9LAN 9K <= <AJ =ALG AFL =J� F9; AGF 9D�? =J9 D��j u s! co g en s�. � �� � � 2. 4 E fe it o s +K LJ9 L9< GK =E J=? J9 HJG <MR =E =>= ALG K= FLJ =9 KH 9JL =K =E J9R XG <G HJA F;] HAG <9 J=D 9LAN A<9 <=� �H DA;9 �K= GH JAF ;]H AG p a ct a te rt ii s n ec n o ce n t n ec p ro su n t lG KLJ 9L9 � <GK �FX G�: =F= >A; A9E �F= E� HJ= BM< A;9 E� L=J ;=A JGK � �G FLM <G �@U �=P ;=Y a=K � ¥ ef ei to d if u so : 9LAF ?= LG< GK GK !KL 9<G K HGA KK =J =>= J= 9K ALM 9Ya =K BMJ A<A ;9� E= FL= �G: B=LA N9K � ¥ ef ei to a p a re n te Ð cl u su la d e n a o m a is fa v o re ci d a : IM9 F<G GL J9L 9<G =K� L9: =D= ;=J IM= 9K H9J L=K ?GR 9JX G< =N 9FL 9?= FK =H JAN ADZ? AGK IM= ME 9< =D9 KN A=J 9; GF� ;=< =J� 9�G MLJ GK� !KL 9<G K �H GJ� GML JG� LJ9 L9< G� ¥ ef ei to d e d ir ei to a te rc ei ro s: ZG IM= G;G JJ= H �=P � ; GE GK LJ9 L9< GK 9:= JLG K9 9<= KXG �! KK9 HGK KA: ADA< 9<= ?=J 9G <AJ =ALG <= 9<= KXG 9G LJ9 L9< G9 GK !KL 9<G KI M= FXG >9R =E �H9 JL= �<= D=� ¥ ef ei to d e o b ri g a es a t er ce ir o s: G;G JJ= �IM 9F< G�G �L=J ;=A JG� 9FM AJ�V �G: JA? 9YX G� 2. 5 R at if ic a o . A d es o � J9L A>A; 9YX G :=E ;GE G9 9HJ GN9 YXG 9 9;= AL9Y XG =9 9<= KXG KXG 9LG KA FL= J� F9; AGF 9AK H=D GI M9D ME !KL 9<G =KL 9:= D=; = FG HD9 FG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D 9 KM9 9FM \F; A9 = KMB =AY XG� 9GK �L=J EG K�< =�M E� LJ9 L9< G� *G �J9 KAD G �@ =>= <= !KL 9<G HJG EG N= 9 J9L A>A; 9YX G <G LJ9 L9< G 9H_ K9 9HJ GN9 YXG <G �G F?J =KK G* 9;A GF9 D�� ra ti fi ca o G;G JJ= IM9 F<G GH 9]K KA? F9L UJA G H9J LA;A HGM <G HJG ;=K KG <= =D9 :GJ 9YX G< GL J9L 9<G � A>= J=F L=E =FL =< 9a d es o I M= Z IM9 F<G GH 9]K KA? F9L UJA GF XG H9J LA;A HGM <G HJG ;=K KG <= >=A LMJ 9< GL J9L 9<G 9< =JA F<G 9 =D= �HG KL= JAG JE =FL =� 2. 6 P ro m u lg a o � �� � � � HJG EM D?9 YXG ;=J LA>A ;9 9= PAK L\F ;A9 NUD A<9 <G LJ9 L9< G :=E ;GE GK M9 =P= ;ML � GJA =<9 <= FG WE :AL G <= ;GE H=L \F; A9 <G !KL 9<G GM GJ? 9FA R9Y XG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D H9J LA;A H9F L=� 2. 7 R eg is tr o e p u b lic a o � HM: DA;9 YXG D=N 99 G; GF@ =;A E= FLG <9 HGH MD9 YXG 9= PAK L\F ;A9 =9 =P= ;ML GJ� A=< 9<= <G LJ9 L9< G BU 9L= KL9 <9K HGJ AFL =JE Z<A G< GA FKL ALM LG <9 HJG EM D?9 YXG �� KKA E ME 9N =R HM: DA;9 <G GL J9L 9<G 9 LG< GK Z< 9<G ;GF @=; AE =FL G< =K =MK L=J EG K= <G AF] ;AG <= KM9 NA? \F; A9� � HM: DA;9 YXG < 9E =KE 9> GJE 9I M= 9H JGE MD? 9YX G <=K LAF 9�K =V HJG <MY XG� <=� =>= ALG K�F 9�= K>= J9� <=� ;GE H=L \F; A9�< G�! KL9 <G� KA? F9L UJA G� 2. 8 A p lic ab ili d ad e e in te rp re ta o d o s tr at ad o s �H JAE =AJ 9J =?J 99 K=J K=? MA< 9< ARJ =KH =ALG 9G p a ct a su n t se rv a n d a : LG< GL J9L 9<G =E �NA ?GJ �G: JA? 9�9 K�H 9JL =K� =�< =N= �K= J�; ME HJA <G� <=� :G9 �>Z � �K �J= ?J9 K�J= >=J =FL =K� V�9 HDA ;9: ADA< 9<= �<G K�LJ 9L9 <GK �KX G�9 K�K =?M AFL =K� �� GE 9AK J=; =FL =H J=N 9D= ;= KG: J= G9 FL= JAG JI M9F <G 9K H9JL=K ;GF LJ9 L9F L=K KXG 9K� E= KE 9K� FGK �<G AK�L J9L 9<G K� �� IM9 F<G �GK �<G AK�L J9L 9<G K�F XG� L\E �;G EG �;G FLJ 9L9 FL= K�G K�E =KE GK� !KL 9<G K� ¥ =FL J= ME !KL 9<G �H9 JL= =E 9E :GK GK LJ9 L9< GK =M E !KL 9<G �H9 JL= KGE =FL =F G LJ9 L9< G�E 9AK �J= ;=F L= � 9HD A;9 �K= �G�E 9AK �J= ;=F L=� ¥ =FL J= ME !KL 9<G �H9 JL= =E 9E :GK GK LJ9 L9< GK =M E !KL 9<G �H9 JL= KGE =FL =F G LJ9 L9< G�9 FL= JAG J �9 HDA ;9� K=� G�9 FL= JAG J� �� =FL J= GK !KL 9<G K�H 9JL =K FGK <GA KL J9L 9<G KK _K =9 HDA ;9 G9 FL= JAG JF GI M= =D= FXG �>G J�AF ;GE H9L ]N= D�;G E� G�F GNG �LJ9 L9< G� �� �� � � 2. 9 V ig n ci a co n te m p o r n ea e d if er id a �G EG J=? J9 ME LJ9 L9< G= FLJ 9= E NA? GJ F9 >GJ E9 =F 9< 9L9 HJ= NAK L9K FG AFK LJM � E= FLG GM 9;G J<9 <9K H=D 9K H9J L=K �� MK= FL= =KK =L =JE G ;GF KA< =J9 �K= =E NA? GJ G LJ9 L9< G9 H9J LAJ <G AFK L9F L== E IM= !KL 9<G K= GJ? 9FA R9Y a=K AFL =JF 9;A GF9 AKE 9FA >=K L9E G�; GFK =FL AE =FL G�= E� K=� G:J A?9 J�H =DG �<A KHG KLG �FG �9; GJ< G� 2. 10 In co rp o ra o a o d ir ei to in te rn o � 9IM A=K ;\F ;A9 <G !KL 9<G KG: =J9 FG 9GK 9;G J<G KA FL= JF9 ;AG F9A K; GFK LALM AH J=K � KMH GKL G�H 9J9 �IM =�G ;GJ J9� 9�AF ;GJ HGJ 9YX G�9 G< AJ= ALG �AF L=J FG� T ra ta d o s q u e v er sa m so b re d ir ei to s h u m a n o s e a E C n . 4 5 /2 0 0 4 : GK LJ9 L9< GK IM= N=J K9E KG: J= <AJ =ALG K@ ME 9FG K9 HJG N9< GK H=D G� GF? 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KL9 <G KXG J=K HGF KUN =AK H=D 9J =H� J=K =FL 9YX G�< G�H J_H JAG �!K L9< G�= E� L=J JAL_ JAG �=K LJ9 F?= AJG �H= J9F L=�G �?G N=J FG� � HJ= JJG ?9L AN9 <GK !KL 9<G K< == FNA 9J =J =;= :=J 9?= FL= K< AHD GE ULA; GK <= GML JGK !KL 9<G K< =FG EA F9� K= d ir ei to d e le g a o , IM= HG< =K =J a ti v o �=F NA9 J� GM p a ss iv o �J= ;=: =J� � +K d ip lo m a ta s ?GR 9E <= 9E HD9 AE MFA <9< =< =BM JAK< AYX GH =F9 D ; ANA D= 9<E AFA K� LJ9 LAN 9� !P ;=Y a=K �9 YXG J=D 9LAN 99 AE _N= DH 9JL A;M D9J = IM9 F<G K= LJ9 L9J <= 9YX GH JG� EG NA< 9�H GJ� =D= K�E =KE GK� /XG >AKA ;9E =FL =AF NAG DUN =AK =AE MF= KV LJA: ML9 YXG GK DG; 9AK <=K LAF 9<G K9 EA KKX G <AH DGE ULA; 9; GE LG< GK GK :=F K9 DAK ALM 9<G K : =E ;GE G9 KJ =KA <\F ;A9 KM LADA R9< 9K H=D G IM9 <JG �<A HDG EU LA;G �9< EA FAK LJ9 LAN G�= �LZ; FA; G� #G R9E <=K K9K AE MFA <9< =K L9F LG GK E= E: JGK <G IM9 <JG <AH DGE ULA; G� <G =E � :9A P9< GJ 9LZ GL =J; =AJ GK =;J =LU JAG �I M9F LG GK E= E: JGK <GK IM9 <JG K9 <E AFA KLJ9 LAN G= LZ; FA; G� =P� �LJ 9<M LGJ =K� K= F<G L9E :ZE =PL =FK ]N= AK9 GK E= E: JGK <= KM9 KJ =KH =;L AN9 K >9E ]DA9 K �< =K< =�I M=� <=H =F< =FL =K� K=M K� �K <=E 9AK H=K KG9 KI M= HJ= KL9 E K=J NAY GK K_ L=J XG AE MFA <9< =F GI M= L9F ?= 9GK K=M K�9 LGK �<= �G> ];AG � �H =F9 KG !KL 9<G 9;J =<A L9F L= HG< =r en u n ci a r VK AE MFA <9< =K ;AN AK =H =F9 AK <= IM= �?G R9E �K= MK� J=H J=K =FL 9FL =K� <AH DGE ULA; GK� =�; GFK MD9 J=K � �� �� � � P ro te o d ip lo m ti ca : Z; GF; =<A <9 H=D G? GN= JFG <= <=L =JE AF9 <G !KL 9<G 9M E H9J LA;M D9J IM= F G= PL= JAG J K =B9 N]L AE 9< =M E HJG ;=< AE =FL G= KL9 L9D 9J: ALJU JAG =I M= =E <=K A?M 9D< 9<= <= ;GF <AY a=K <A9 FL= <G ?GN =JF G= KLJ9 F?= AJG J=K HGF KUN =D H=D GA D];A LG IM= �D@ =�; 9MK GM� G�< 9FG �H= <=� 9G� K=M �!K L9< G�< =�G JA? =E �IM =�D@ =�LG E= �9K �<G J=K � � ;GF ;=K KXG <=K K9 HJG L=Y XG J=; =:= GF GE =< =e n d o ss o I M= KGE =FL =K =JU HGK � K]N =D�K =�9 �F9 ;AG F9D A<9 <=� <G� H9J LA;M D9J �>G J�9 �E =KE 9�< G�H 9]K �9�I M=� =D= �H= <=� HJG L=Y XG� !>= LM9 <G G= F<G KKG G ;GF >DAL G< =AP 9< =K =J =FL J= GH 9JL A;M D9J =G ,G <=J &M< A� ;AU JAG <G !KL 9<G =E IM= =KL UK =F< GH JG; =KK 9<G = H9K K9 9K =J ME ;GF >DAL G= FLJ = !KL 9<G K� 3. 3. 4 A g e n te s co n su la re s /XG >MF ;AG FUJ AGK Hb: DA;G K< GK !KL 9<G K= FNA 9<G KH 9J9 HJG L=Y XG <= K=M KA F� L=J =KK =K� =�L9 E: ZE �<= �K= MK� F9; AGF 9AK �;G E� >MF Ya= K�H =DG �,G <=J �!P =;M LAN G� H d u a s es p c ie s d e c n su le s: 1 ) H o n o r ri o s o u el ec ti : =D= ALG K�= FLJ =�G K�F 9;A GF9 AK�< G�! KL9 <G� =E �IM =�K =JN AJX G� 2 ) D e ca rr ei ra o u m is si : =D= ALG K= FLJ =G KF 9;A GF9 AK< GH J_H JAG !KL 9<G H 9J9 HJG � L=Y XG� <=� K=M K�F 9;A GF9 AK�= �<G K�K =MK �AF L=J =KK =K� =E �GM LJG K�! KL9 <GK � 4. P E R S O N A L ID A D E IN T E R N A C IO N A L . O R G A N IZ A Í E S IN T E R N A C IO N A IS 4. 1 C o n ce it o O rg a n iz a o in te rn a ci o n a l ZM E9 9KK G;A 9YX GN GDM FLU JA9 <= KMB =ALG K< =d ir ei to in te rn a ci o n a l ; GFK LALM ]<9 E= <A9 FL= 9LG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D� ?=J 9DE =FL =M E tr a ta d o � <= ;9J UL= JJ =D9 LAN 9E =FL = H=J E9 F=F L= <GL 9<9 <= J=? MD9 E= FLG = _J? XGK <= <AJ =YX G �� �� � � HJ_ HJA GK ;MB 9> AF9 DA< 9<= Z9 LAF ?AJ GK G:B =LAN GK ;GE MFK <=L =JE AF9 <GK HGJ K=M KE =E � :JG K�; GFK LALM AFL =K� 4. 2 E le m en to s ca ra ct er iz ad o re s d as o rg an iz a es ¥ <=N =E �L=J �9G �E =FG K�� �!K L9< GK� ;GE �<A J=A LG� 9�N GLG � ¥ <=N =E �L=J �ME 9�= KLJM LMJ 9�> GJE 9D� ¥ GK� >MF ;AG FUJ AGK �FX G�< =N= E� L=J �9�E =KE 9�F 9;A GF9 DA< 9<= � ¥ 9G� E= FGK ���! KL9 <GK �<= N=E �;G FLJ A:M AJ�K M:K L9F ;A9 DE =FL =�H 9J9 �G�G JY9 E= FLG � ¥ <=N =E �K= J�AF <=H =F< =FL =K� H9J 9�= K;G D@= J�K= MK� >MF ;AG FUJ AGK � ¥ <=N =E �<= K=E H=F @9J �9LA NA< 9<= K�F GJE 9DE =FL =� ¥ L9E 9F@ G �K =<= �HG D]LA ;9 �A< =GD G?A 9�= �FG E= F;D 9LM J9� KXG �AJJ =D= N9F L=K � ¥ <=N =E L=J �G: B=LA NG� AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D� 5. P E R S O N A L ID A D E IN T E R N A C IO N A L . C O L E T IV ID A D E S N Ì O E S T A T A IS 5. 1 B el ig er an te s TG EG NAE =FL G> GJE 9<G HGJ J=N GDL GKG K< =< =L= JE AF9 <G !KL 9<G IM= H9K K9E 9;GF LJG D9J �H9 JL= �;G FKA <=J UN= D�< G�L =JJ AL_ JAG � + J=; GF@ =;A E= FLG <G EG NAE =FL G: =DA? =J9 FL= ;GF KLAL MA 9LG <AK ;JA ;AG FUJ AG <G !KL 9<G �=�K =�E 9L= JA9 DAR9 �=E �J= ?J9 �HG J�M E9 �<= ;D9 J9Y XG� <=� F=M LJ9 DA< 9<= � ,JA F;A H9A K�= >=A LGK �<G �9LG �<= �J= ;GF @=; AE =FL G� �� �� � � ¥ GK ;GE :9L =K KMB =AL9 E� K= VK D=AK <9 ?M= JJ9 I M= L9E :ZE K= 9HD A;9 E 9GK HJA KAG F=A JGK � ¥ GK 9LG KH J9L A;9 <GK H=D GK :=D A?= J9F L=K =E KM9 K9 LAN A<9 <=K FXG KXG AE HML UN= AK 9G� !KL 9<G � ¥ GK F9N AGK :=D A?= J9F L=K FXG KXG ;GF ;=A LM9 <GK ;GE GH AJ9 L9K =E J9R XG <9 AF= P� AKL\ F;A 9�< =�> AF9 DA< 9<= �DM ;J9 LAN 9� ¥ !KL 9<G K�= KLJ9 F?= AJG K�K MB= AL9E �K= �VK �J= ?J9 K�< 9�F =ML J9D A<9 <=� 5. 2 In su rg en te s /AL M9Y a=K J=N GDL GK9 KK =E 9H JGH GJY XG <= ME 9? M=J J9 ;AN ADG MG K; GFL GJF GK <9 :=D A?= JWF ;A9 �KX G�J =;G F@= ;A< 9K� ;GE G�A FKM J?= FL= K� + 9LG <= J=; GF@ =;A E= FLG <G =KL 9<G <= AFK MJ? \F; A9 9G ;GF LJU JAG <9 :=D A?= JWF � ;A9 �<= N=� =KH =;A >A; 9J� IM9 AK�9 K�K M9K �;G FK= IM\ F;A 9K �HJ G<M RAF <G� GK� K=? MAF L=K �=> =ALG K� ¥ GK� F9N AGK �<G K�AF KMJ ?=F L=K �FX G�K XG� ;GF KA< =J9 <GK �HA J9L 9K� ¥ GK� AFK MJ? =FL =K� L=J XG� LJ9 L9E =FL G�< =�H JAKA GF= AJG K�< =�? M=J J9� ¥ G�? GN= JFG d e! ju re FXG �Z�J =KH GFK UN= D�H =DG K�9 LGK �<G K�AF KMJ ?=F L=K � ¥ 9H= K9J <= FXG L=J =E G< AJ= ALG <= :DG IM= AG =D= KH G<= E m<= FLJ G< 9K U?M 9K L=J � JALG JA9 AK�< G�H J_H JAG �H9 ]K � AE H=< AJ�G �9; =KK G�< 9�H 9JL =�; GFL JUJ A9�9 GK� 9:9 KL= ;AE =FL GKn � ¥ GK L=J ;=A JGK !KL 9<G KF XG =KL XG KMB =ALG KG :JA ?9L GJA 9E =FL =V F=M LJ9 DA< 9<= LG � <9N A9�H G<= E� <=; D9J U�D 9� ¥ GK� J=N GDL GKG K�F XG� L\E �<A J=A LG� <=� ;9H LMJ 9�F 9�? M=J J9� E9 J]LA E9 � 5. 3 S an ta S + 0J9 L9< G� GM �G F;G J<9 L9� <= (9 LJX G ;GF ;DM ]<G =E ��� ��� ��� J= ;GF @=; =M 9 H=J KGF 9DA< 9<= AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D< 9/ 9FL 9/ Z 9 HD= F9 HJG HJA =<9 <= =9 BMJ AK< AYX GK G:= J9F 9 KG: J=� G�2 9LA; 9FG ��� LJA: MAM �L9E :ZE �9G �29 LA;9 FG �F= MLJ 9DA< 9<= �H= JE 9F= FL= � �H =JK GF9 DA< 9<= <= <AJ =ALG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D< 9/ 9FL 9/ ZH =JE AL= 9K M9 H9J LA;A H9Y XG =E 9;G J<G KAF L=J F9; AGF 9AK G <AJ =ALG <= D=? 9YX G 9DZ E <9 AE MFA <9< =< =B MJA K<A YXG =E J=D 9YX G�9 �LJA :MF 9AK �=K LJ9 F?= AJG K� �� �� � � 5. 4 T er ri t ri o s so b t u te la in te rn ac io n al +K AKL= E9 <= LML =D9 AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D=F ;GF LJ9 HJ= NAK XG F9 �9 JL9 <9K *9 Ya= K1 FA< 9K ��� ��� �. =9D AR9 �K= 9H 9JL AJ <= ME a co rd o d e tu te la ;GE 9= KH= ;A> A;9 YXG <9K ;GF � <AY a=K <= 9<E AFA KLJ9 YXG <G L=J JAL_ JAG KG: LML =D9 = AF< A;9 YXG <9 9ML GJA <9< = 9<E AFA KLJ9 <GJ 9� + =K; GHG <=K K= AFK LALM LG Z9 ;GF <MY XG <GK HGN GK KM: E= LA< GK 9G J=? AE =< =L M� L=D9 �V�A F<= H=F <\F ;A9 �HG D]LA ;9� 5. 5 A S o b er an a O rd em d e M al ta � /G :=J 9F9 +J <=E <= )9 DL9 GM +J <=E <= /XG &GX G< =& =JM K9D ZE >GJ EG M�K = =E �ME �@G KHA L9D� H9J 9�H =J= ?JA FGK �=�H G:J =K� F9� ;A< 9<= �<= �&= JMK 9DZ E �FG �KZ ;MD G�4 %� ,JA F;A H9A K�; 9J9 ;L= J]KL A;9 K� ¥ =E ��� �� �9�+ J<= E� ?9F @GM �;9 JUL =J� EA DAL9 J�9 H_K �K= J�9 HJG N9< 9�H =DG �,9 H9� ¥ =E ��� � >GA =PH MDK 9< 9% D@9 <= .G <=K =K == KL9 :=D =;= MF 9K %D@ 9K <= )9 DL9 #G R9� =�� GE AFG �J= ;=: A<9 K�< =�� 9JD GK� 2� ¥ L=E �K= <=� =E �.G E9 � ¥ <=K =FN GDN =�9 LAN A<9 <=K �<= �;M F@G �>AD 9FL J_H A;G � ¥ =E ��� �� �>G A�AF KLAL M]< 9�9 ��9 JL9 ��G FKL ALM ;AG F9D �<9 �+J <=E �<= �) 9DL9 � ¥ HGK KMA H=J KGF 9DA< 9<= AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D E9 KF XG HG< =K =J H9J L= =E LJ9 L9< GK EM DLAD 9L= J9A K� 5. 6 C ru z V er m el h a In te rn ac io n al � �JM R2 =JE =D@ 9% FL= JF9 ;AG F9D ZM E9 AFK LALM AYX GN GDL 9<9 H9J 9G KG; GJJ G= J=K L9: =D= ;AE =FL G< =N ]LAE 9K <= ;GF >DAL GK 9JE 9<G K= HGH MD9 Ya= K9 LAF ?A< 9K HGJ <=� K9K LJ= K�F 9LM J9A K �L =;F GD_ ?A; GK� GM� HGJ �=E =J? \F; A9K �J= D9; AGF 9<9 K�V �K9 b<= �Hb :DA ;9�� �� � � � 5. 7 T er ri t ri o s in te rn ac io n al iz ad o s 0= JJAL _JA GK AFL =JF 9;A GF9 DAR9 <GK KXG 9IM =D= K= E IM= 9K G:= J9F A9 GM 9<E AFA K� LJ9 YXG Z= P=J ;A< 9H GJ ME ?JM HG <= !KL 9<G KG MH GJ ME 9G J?9 FAR 9YX GA FL= JF9 ;AG F9D ;GE �:9 K=� =E �;G FN= FYX GA FL= JF9 ;AG F9D � 5. 8 S o ci ed ad es c o m er ci ai s !F ;GF LJ9 E� K= FG AFL =JA GJ <= ;=J L9K GJ? 9FA R9Y a=K AFL =JF 9;A GF9 AK= MJG H=A 9K =L\ E <AJ =ALG K= <=N =J= K� =P� �= EH J=K 9K <= 9YG =; 9JN XG ;GE Ha= E 9� GE MFA <9< =! MJG H=A 9 <G� �9 JNX G�= �<G ��Y G�l ��! �� �� 6. P E R S O N A L ID A D E IN T E R N A C IO N A L . P O P U L A Ì O 6. 1 C o n si d er a es in ic ia is +; GF; =ALG <= p o p u la o 9HJ =K= FL9 �K= ;GE G9 KGE 9< GK F9; AGF 9AK == KLJ9 F?= AJ� GK� J=K A<= FL= K �= E� ;9J UL= J�H =JE 9F= FL= �FG �L=J JAL_ JAG �<= �ME �!K L9< G�K G:= J9F G� 6. 2 N ac io n al id ad e �� � �� N a ci o n a li d a d e ZG N]F ;MD GB MJ] <A; G�H GD] LA;G =KL 9:= D=; A<G =FL J= GA F<A N]< MG =G L=J JAL_ JAG �=K L9L9 D�H GJ� F9K ;AE =FL G�� GJA ?AF UJA 9� �GM �HG J�F 9LM J9D AR9 YXG ��< =JA N9< 9�� �F 9;A GF9 DA< 9<= GJA ?AF UJA 9Z 9<I MAJ A<9 ;GE GF 9K; AE =FL G� Ju s so li s�; GF; =<= 9G AF< AN] <MG 9F 9;A GF9 DA< 9<= <G !KL 9<G =E IM= K= <=MGK =M F9K ;AE =FL G� Ju s sa n g u in is � G�N ]F; MDG �;G FKA <=J 9<G �Z�G �<9 �>AD A9Y XG� = JAN 9<9 GM K=; MF< UJA 9Z 9F 9;A GF9 DA< 9<= <=; GJJ =FL =< => 9LG HGK L=J AGJ 9G F9K ;A� E= FLG ;G E 9F 9LM J9D AR9 YXG �, G<= K=J J=I M=J A<9 H=D G= KLJ9 F?= AJG GM H=D G9 HUL JA< 9F 9K K=? MAF L=K KALM 9Ya =K� NGF L9< =G MH =JE AKK XG D=? 9D ;9K 9E =FL G 9DL= J9Y XG L=J JALG JA9 D j u s la b o ri s =ju s! d o m ic il li i. �H ULJ A<9 GM h ei m a tl o s Z9 <=F GE AF9 YXG 9LJ A:M ]<9 9G KMB =ALG K=E HUL JA9 �, GD� AHU LJA< 9�< =>A F=� G�A F<A N]< MG� ;GE �E 9AK �<= �ME 9�F 9;A GF9 DA< 9<= � 6. 3 N o rm as + co st u m e >GF L= <= <AJ =ALG AFL =JF 9;A GF9 D K=< AE =FL GM <M9 KJ =?J 9K KG: J= F9; AGF 9DA< 9<= � �� 9HD A;9 �K= G ;JA LZJ AG ju s sa n g u in is 9GK >AD@ GK <= 9?= FL= K <= !KL 9<G K =KL J9F ?=A JGK � ��� F=F @ME �F9 ;AG F9D �HG <=� K=J �:9 FA< G�< =�K =M� !KL 9<G � 6. 4 E st at u to d a Ig u al d ad e Ð e q u ip ar a o (D ec s. n . 7 0. 39 1 e 70 .4 36 ) +! KL9 LML G< 9% ?M9 D<9 <= J=? MD9 E= FL9 <= >GJ E9 J=; ]HJ G;9 => J9L =JF 9G K< AJ= ALG K= <=N =J= K< GK :J9 KAD= AJG KJ= KA< =FL =K =E ,G JLM ?9D =< GK HGJ LM? M=K =K J=K A<= FL= KF G� J9K AD HJ= K;J =N= �KM ;AF L9E =FL =� �� HGJ LM? M=K =K FG �J9 KAD =: J9K AD=A JGK =E ,G JLM ?9D L\E GK E= KE GK <AJ =ALG K= <=N =J= K�< GK� F9; AGF 9AK �K= E� IM= �9�K M9� F9; AGF 9DA< 9<= �GJ A?A FUJ A9�K =B9 �9F AIM AD9< 9� �� G= P=J ;]; AG <GK <AJ =ALG KA F=J =FL =K VF 9;A GF9 DA< 9<= GJA ?AF UJA 9H =JE 9F= ;= NA� ?=F L= K9D NG 9IM =D= KI M= G>= F<= J=E 9K G:= J9F A9F 9;A GF9 D= 9G J<= E Hb: DA;9 <G !KL 9<G <=� J=K A<\ F;A 9� �� � � � �� GK <AJ =ALG KJ =K= JN9 <GK ;GF KLAL M;A GF9 DE =FL =9 H=F 9K 9GK HGJ L9< GJ= K< =F 9;A GF� 9DA< 9<= GJA ?AF UJA 9; GFK LALM =E =P; =YX G9 GJ =?A E= <= =IM AH9 J9Y XG HJ= NAK LG FG !KL 9LM LG <9� %?M 9D< 9<= � �� 9= IMA H9J 9YX G< GK d ir ei to s e d ev er es ci v is <=N =K =J J=I M=J A<9 H=D G= K� LJ9 F?= AJG �;A NAD E= FL= �;9 H9R �=�; GE �J= KA< \F; A9�H =JE 9F= FL= � �� 9H =J< 9< 9F 9;A GF9 DA< 9<= 9 =PH MDK XG GM 9; =KK 9YX G< 99 MLG JAR 9YX G< =H =J� E9 F\F ;A9 �=P LAF ?M= E� 9�A? M9D <9< =�< =�< AJ= ALG K�= �<= N=J =K� GJA MF< 9�< G�! KL9 LML G� �� HGJ LM? M=K =K =: J9K AD=A JGK ;GE �9 FGK <= J=K A<\ F;A 9H =JE 9F= FL= HG< =E ?GR 9J <GK d ir ei to s p o l ti co s FG !KL 9<G <= J=K A<\ F;A 9 <=K <= IM= J=I M=A J9E V9 MLG JA< 9<= ;GE H=L =FL =�< =KL =�= �L=F @9E �GK �E =KE GK� <AJ =ALG K�F G�! KL9 <G� <=� F9; AGF 9DA< 9<= � �� 9HD A;9 �K= 9D =A H=F 9D <G !KL 9<G <= J=K A<\ F;A 99 GK HGJ LM? M=K =K =: J9K AD=A JGK KMB =ALG K�9 G�! KL9 LML G�< 9�% ?M9 D<9 <=� �� 9 e x tr a d i o <= H=K KG9 KK MB= AL9K 9G !KL 9LM LG 9H= F9K HG< =K =J =>= LAN 9<9 K= J=� IM= JA< 9�H =DG �?G N=J FG� <G� !KL 9<G �<9 �F9 ;AG F9D A<9 <=� ��� FXG �HG <=E �HJ =KL 9J se rv i o m il it a r FG� !KL 9<G �<= �J= KA< \F; A9� ��� 9G HGJ LM? M\K GM :J9 KAD= AJG 9MK =FL =< G! KL9 <G <= J=K A<\ F;A 9Z ;GF >=J A<9 9H= F9K p ro te o d ip lo m ti ca <G� !KL 9<G �<9 �F9 ;AG F9D A<9 <=� ��� GK ?GN =JF GK <GK �H 9]K =K G:J A?9 E� K= V; GE MFA ;9Y XG J=; ]HJ G;9 N A9 <AH � DGE ULA; 9 �< 9�9 IMA KAY XG� =�< 9�H =J< 9�< GK� <AJ =ALG K�H J=N AKLG K�F G�! KL9 LML G�< 9�% ?M9 D<9 <=� 7. P E R S O N A L ID A D E IN T E R N A C IO N A L . E S T R A N G E IR O S 7. 1 C o n si d er a es in ic ia is + !KL 9<G KG: =J9 FG L=E ;GE H=L \F; A9 =P; DMK AN9 H9J 9L J9L 9J <9 F9; AGF 9DA< 9<= � /XG �=K LJ9 F?= AJG K�G K�I M=� FXG �K= �=F IM9 <J9 E� FGK �H9 <Ja =K� <=> AFA <GK �H9 J9� GK� F9; AGF 9AK � �G EH =L= 9G !KL 9<G KG: =J9 FG H=J EA LAJ GM F=? 9J GA F?J =KK G< == KLJ9 F?= AJG K= E K=M �L=J JAL_ JAG �DA EA L9J �GM �FX G�G �L=E HG� <=� H=J E9 F\F ;A9 �=L; � + =KL J9F ?=A JG 9AF <9 IM= H=J E9 F=F L= FXG 9<I MAJ =I M9D IM= J< AJ= ALG <= H9J LA� ;AH 9YX GF 9N A<9 HGD ]LA; 9< G! KL9 <G ME 9N =R IM= L=E N=< 9<9 99 IMA KAY XG <GK <AJ =ALG K �� �� � � HGD ]LA; GK =P; =LG K= ;GF N=F ;AG F9< G= KH= ;A> A;9 E= FL= ; GE GG ;GJ J= FG !KL 9LM LG <9 %?M 9D< 9<= � 7. 2 V is to s � H=J EA KKX G< == KLJ9 F?= AJG =E ME !KL 9<G Z9 L=K L9< 9H =D9 ;GF ;=K KXG <= ME NAK LG� AN =JK GK KXG GK H9] K=K IM= E =<A 9FL =L J9L 9<G :AD 9L= J9D GM E= JG =P= J;] ;AG <= J=� ;AH JG; A<9 <= �<A KH= FK9 E� NAK LG� � (= AF �� ��� � � �J =D9 ;AG F9 9K K=? MAF L=K =KH Z;A =K <= NAK LG� <= LJW FKA LG� <= LMJ AKL9 ��L= EH GJU JAG ��H =JE 9F= FL= ��< =�; GJL =KA 9��G >A; A9D� �=�< AHD GE ULA; G� +K NAK LGK <= ;GJ L=K A9 G>A ;A9 D= <AH DGE ULA; GK XG ;GF ;=< A<G K H JGJ JG? 9<G KG M< AK� H=F K9< GK� F9K �@A H_L =K= K�H J=N AKL9 K�H =DG �) AFA KLZ JAG �<9 K�. =D9 Ya= K�! PL= JAG J=K � 7. 3 D ep o rt a o D ep o rt a o Z> GJE 9< == P;D MKX G; GE HMD K_J A9 <G =KL J9F ?=A JG IM= K= J=; MK9 9 K9A JN GDM FL9 JA9 E= FL= <G L=J JAL_ JAG F9; AGF 9D HGJ AFA ;A9 LAN 9< 9K 9ML GJA <9< =K DG; 9AK F 9K @AH _L= K=K �<= �=F LJ9 <9� GM� =KL 9<A 9�AJ J=? MD9 J��9 JLK� ��� �=�K ��<9 �(= A�F ���� ��� �� �� � <=H GJL 9YX GF XG ;9M K9 =E H=; AD@ GH 9J9 J=L GJF G< G= KLJ9 F?= AJG 9G L=J JAL_ JAG �+ J=A F?J =KK G�H G<= �<9 J�K =�9 �IM 9DI M=J �E GE =FL G �< =K< =�I M=� J=? MD9 JAR 9<9 �9�K ALM 9YX G�D =?9 D� 7. 4 E xp u lso T> GJE 9< == P;D MKX G; GE HMD K_J A9 <G =KL J9F ?=A JG <G L=J JAL_ JAG F9; AGF 9D HGJ AFA � ;A9 LAN 9�< 9K� 9ML GJA <9< =K� DG; 9AK �=� K=E �<= KLAF G�< =L= JE AF9 <G �F9 K�K =?M AFL =K� KALM 9Ya =K� �� 9L= FL9 <G ;GF LJ9 9K =?M J9F Y9 F9; AGF 9D 9G J<= E HGD ]LA; 9G MK G;A 9D 9L J9F IMA D� A<9 <= GM EG J9D A<9 <= Hb: DA;9 = 9= ;GF GE A9 HGH MD9 J G M; MBG HJG ;=< AE =FL GG LGJ F= FG; ANG �V�; GFN =FA \F; A9�< GK� AFL =J= KK= K�F 9;A GF9 AK� �� �� � � �� HJU LA;9 �<= �>J9 M<= �9�> AE �<= �G: L=J �9�K M9� =FL J9< 9�G M�H =JE 9F\ F;A 9�F G�, 9]K � �� =FL J9< 9F GL =JJ AL_ JAG F9; AGF 9D; GE AF> J9Y XG VD= A < =D= FXG K= J=L AJ9 JF GH J9R G IM= �D@ =�> GJ� <=L =JE AF9 <G� H9J 9�> 9R\ �DG �FX G�K =F< G�9 ;GF K=D @UN =D9 �<= HGJ L9Y XG� ��� =FL J=? 9�V �N9 <A9 ?=E �GM �V�E =F< A;W F;A 9� �� <=K J=K H=A LG� 9�H JGA :AY XG� =KH =;A 9DE =FL =�H J=N AKL9 �=E �D=A �H9 J9� =KL J9F ?=A JG� �= PHM DKX G< =N= K=J HJ= ;=< A<9 <= AFI MZJ ALG FG WE :AL G< G) AFA KLZ JAG <9 &MK LAY9 9KK =?M J9< GG <AJ =ALG <= <=> =K9 <G =KL J9F ?=A JG� � =>= LAN 9YX GZ 9LG <AK ;JA ;AG FUJ AG <G ,J= KA< =FL =�< 9�. =Hb :DA ;9� /XG �KAL M9Y a=K �IM =�AE H=< =E �9�= PHM DKX G� 9� AE HDA ;9J �=P LJ9 <AY XG� AF9 <E ALA< 9�H =D9 �D=A �:J 9KA D=AJ 9� :� IM9 F<G �G�= KLJ9 F?= AJG �LAN =J� ¥ ;`F BM? =: J9K AD=A JG <G IM9 DF XG =KL =B9 <AN GJ; A9< GG MK =H9 J9< G <= >9L GG M< = <AJ =ALG �=� <=K <=� IM= �G�; 9K9 E= FLG �L=F @9� KA< G�; =D= :J9 <G� @U� E9 AK�< =�� �9F GK� �GM ¥ >AD@ G: J9K AD=A JG IM= ;G EH JGN 9<9 E= FL= = KL= B9 KG: KM9 ?M9 J<9 =< =D= <=H =F< 9 =;G FGE A;9 E= FL= � 7. 5 E xt ra d i o %FK LALM LG HGJ E= AG <G IM9 DM E !KL 9<G =FL J=? 9 H9J 9G MLJ G! KL9 <G =E J9R XG <= KGD A;AL 9YX G�< =KL = �M E9 �H= KKG 9�H 9J9 �J= KHG F<= J�9 �HJ G;= KKG �H= F9D �GM �;M EH JAJ� H=F 9� !E J=? J9 G >MF <9E =FL G BMJ ]<A ;G <G H=< A<G =PL J9< A;AG F9D ;GF KAK L= =E ME LJ9 L9< G =FL J= GK !KL 9<G K= FNG DNA <GK �* 99 MK\ F;A 9< =L J9L 9<G IM= J=? MD9 E= FL= 9 =PL J9< AYX G �9 HDA ;9� K=� G�H JAF ;]H AG� <9� J=; AHJ G;A <9< =� 7. 6 A si lo p o lt ic o + <AJ =ALG <= 9KA DG L=E HGJ G:B =LAN G9 EH 9J9 JG AF< AN] <MG N]L AE 9< =H =JK =?M AYX G� /XG <M9 K9 K= KHZ ;A= K< =9 KADG �� �9 KADG L=J JALG JA9 DG M= PL= JFG G MA FL= JF9 ;AG F9D �= �� 9K� ADG �<A HDG EU LA;G �GM �AF L=J FG �GM �HG D]LA ;G �GM �AF LJ9 F9; AGF 9D � GM� =PL J9L =JJ ALG JA9 D� � ;GF ;=K KXG <= 9KA DG L=J JALG JA9 DZ 9LG <AK ;JA ;AG FUJ AG <GK !KL 9<G KK G:= J9F GK� 0G <G !KL 9<G L=E <AJ =ALG F G= P=J ;]; AG <= KM9 KG: =J9 FA9 < =9 <E ALAJ <=F LJG <= K=M �� � � � L=J JAL_ JAG 9K H=K KG9 KI M= BMD ?9J ;GF N=F A=F L= K=E IM= H =DG =P= J;] ;AG <=K K= <AJ =ALG F=F @ME �GM LJG �!K L9< G�H GKK 9�> 9R= J�I M9D IM= J�J= ;D9 E9 YXG � +9 KADG <AH DGE ULA; GL =E 9;= AL9Y XG ;GK LME =AJ 9= ;GF N=F ;AG F9D 9H= F9K FGK H9] K=K D9LA FG� 9E =JA ;9F GK� *9 LMJ 9DE =FL = G9 KADG FMF ;9 Z< AHD GE ULA; G= E <=> AFA LAN G� =KK 9 EG <9D A<9 <= KA? FA> A;9 9H= F9K ME =KL U?A GH JGN AK_ JAG M E9 HGF L=H 9J9 G9 KADG L=J JALG JA9 D 9; GFK ME 9J� K= FG KGD G< 9IM =D= E= KE GH 9]K ;MB 9= E: 9AP 9<9 9;G D@= MG >M? ALAN GG M =N= FLM 9DE =FL = �F G�K GDG �<= �ME �L=J ;=A JG� H9] K�I M=� G�9 ;=A L=� + !KL 9<G IM= ;GF ;=< =9 KADG <=N =? 9J9 FLA J9 GA F<A N]< MG 9KA D9< GG KE =KE GK <AJ =ALG K< GK F9; AGF 9AK �F G= FL9 FLG 9 D?M E9 KD AE AL9Y a=K HG< =E K=J F=; =KK UJA 9K� &U GK 9KA D9< GK <=N =E G:= <A\ F;A 9V KD= AK< G! KL9 <G IM= GK 9;G D@= M =D@ =K KXG N=< 9<9 KH 9JL A� ;AH 9Ya =K� =E �9LA NA< 9<= K�H GD] LA;9 K� 7. 6. 1 E xt ra d i o x C a so C e sa re B a tt is ti �9 LLAK LAZ ME =K; JALG JAL 9DA9 FG EA DAL9 FL= <= =PL J=E 9= KIM =J< 9 ;GF <=F 9<G H GJ IM9 LJG @GE A;]< AGK V HJA KXG H=J HZL M9 F9 %LU DA9 =E ��� � = >GJ 9?A <G <9 BMK LAY9 >J9 F;= K9 <=K <= ��� �� �9 LLAK LAN AN= MF 9" J9F Y9 9LZ ��� � IM9 F<G KG :9 E= 9Y9 <= =PL J9< AYX G >M� ?AM H9J 9G �J9 KAD GF< => GA HJ= KG =E ��� � FG .AG <= &9F =AJ G =E GH= J9Y XG J=9 DAR9 <9 =E �;G FBM FLG �;G E� 9�% FL= JHG D�=� 9K� HGD ];A9 K�< 9�% LUDA 9 �< G�� J9K AD�= �<9 �"J 9FY 9� !E �� <= B9F =AJ G< =� ��� = E <=; AKX G@ AKL_ JA; 9 G) AFA KLJG <9 &MK LAY9 09 JKG #= FJG ;GF ;=< =M 9� 9LLA KLA J=> b?A G@ ME 9FA LUJ AG �9K ADG HGD ]LA; G� HGJ =FL =F< =J IM= K= LJ9 L9N 9�< =�H =JK =?M AYX G�H GD] LA;9 � + /M HJ= EG 0JA :MF 9D "=< =J9 D< =>A FAM = E �� <= FGN =E :JG <= ��� � IM= IM= E <=; A<= K= =PL J9< AL9 ME =KL J9F ?=A JG HJ= KG FG �J9 KAD ZG ,J= KA< =FL =< 9. =Hb :DA ;9� ,G J ;AF ;G NGL GK 9I M9L JG GK EA FAK LJG K= FL= F<= J9E IM= 9< =;A KXG <G &M< A;AU JAG <= E9 F<9 J =PL J9< AL9J �FX G�G :JA ?9 �F= ;=K K9J A9E =FL = �G �,G <=J �!P =;M LAN G�9 �>9 R\� DG� �G ;GF ;DM AJG BMD ?9E =FL G G/ MHJ =E G0 JA: MF9 D" =<= J9D H JAE =AJ 9E =FL = < =;A <AM 9;G D@= JG H=< A<G <= =PL J9< AYX G> =ALG H=D 9% LUDA 9 E9 K= FL= F<= MI M= ;9: =9 GL JA: MF9 D 9H= F9K =P9 EA F9J 9D= ?9D A<9 <= =9 HJG ;=< \F; A9< GH =<A <G� �= FLJ =?9 <G =KL J9F ?=A JG 9G H9] K�I M=� J=I M=J �9�= PLJ 9<A YXG �>A; 9�9 �;J ALZJ AG� <G� ,J= KA< =FL =�< 9�. =Hb :DA ;9� = HGA K< =9 MLG JAR 9J 9= PLJ 9<A YXG <G =P� 9LAN AKL9 AL9D A9F G� =K9 J= �9 LLAK LA= <= >9; � MDL 9J 9G HJ= KA< =FL =( MAR %FU ;AG (M D9< 9/ ADN 99 <=; AKX G< == FNA
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